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## org.apache.commons.net.util
Class Base64

    java.lang.Object
      org.apache.commons.net.util.Base64

    public class Base64

extends Object

Provides Base64 encoding and decoding as defined by RFC 2045.

This class implements section 6.8. Base64 Content-Transfer-Encoding from RFC 2045 Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part One: Format of Internet Message Bodies by Freed and Borenstein.

The class can be parameterized in the following manner with various constructors:

- URL-safe mode: Default off.
- Line length: Default 76. Line length that aren't multiples of 4 will still essentially end up being multiples of 4 in the encoded data.
- Line separator: Default is CRLF ("\r\n")

Since this class operates directly on byte streams, and not character streams, it is hard-coded to only encode/decode character encodings which are compatible with the lower 127 ASCII chart (ISO-8859-1, Windows-1252, UTF-8, etc).

Since:
  2.2
Version:
  $Id$
Author:
  Apache Software Foundation
See Also:
  RFC 2045

Constructor Summary
`Base64()` Creates a Base64 codec used for decoding (all modes) and encoding in URL-unsafe mode.
`Base64(boolean urlSafe)` Creates a Base64 codec used for decoding (all modes) and encoding in the given URL-safe mode.
`Base64(int lineLength)` Creates a Base64 codec used for decoding (all modes) and encoding in URL-unsafe mode.
`Base64(int lineLength, byte[] lineSeparator)` Creates a Base64 codec used for decoding (all modes) and encoding in URL-unsafe mode.
`Base64(int lineLength, byte[] lineSeparator, boolean urlSafe)` Creates a Base64 codec used for decoding (all modes) and encoding in URL-unsafe mode.

Method Summary
`byte[]` | `decode(byte[] pArray)` Decodes a byte[] containing containing characters in the Base64 alphabet.
`Object` | `decode(Object pObject)` Decodes an Object using the base64 algorithm.
`byte[]` | `decode(String pArray)` Decodes a String containing containing characters in the Base64 alphabet.
`static byte[]` | `decodeBase64(byte[] base64Data)` Decodes Base64 data into octets
`static byte[]` | `decodeBase64(String base64String)` Decodes a Base64 String into octets
`static BigInteger` | `decodeInteger(byte[] pArray)` Decodes a byte64-encoded integer according to crypto standards such as W3C's XML-Signature
`byte[]` | `encode(byte[] pArray)` Encodes a byte[] containing binary data, into a byte[] containing characters in the Base64 alphabet.
`Object` | `encode(Object pObject)` Encodes an Object using the base64 algorithm.
`static byte[]` | `encodeBase64(byte[] binaryData)` Encodes binary data using the base64 algorithm but does not chunk the output.
`static byte[]` | `encodeBase64(byte[] binaryData, boolean isChunked)` Encodes binary data using the base64 algorithm, optionally chunking the output into 76 character blocks.
`static byte[]` | `encodeBase64(byte[] binaryData, boolean isChunked, boolean urlSafe)` Encodes binary data using the base64 algorithm, optionally chunking the output into 76 character blocks.
`static byte[]` | `encodeBase64(byte[] binaryData, boolean isChunked, boolean urlSafe, int maxResultSize)` Encodes binary data using the base64 algorithm, optionally chunking the output into 76 character blocks.
`static byte[]` | `encodeBase64Chunked(byte[] binaryData)` Encodes binary data using the base64 algorithm and chunks the encoded output into 76 character blocks
`static String` | `encodeBase64String(byte[] binaryData)` Encodes binary data using the base64 algorithm into 76 character blocks separated by CRLF.
`static byte[]` | `encodeBase64URLSafe(byte[] binaryData)` Encodes binary data using a URL-safe variation of the base64 algorithm but does not chunk the output.
`static String` | `encodeBase64URLSafeString(byte[] binaryData)` Encodes binary data using a URL-safe variation of the base64 algorithm but does not chunk the output.
`static byte[]` | `encodeInteger(BigInteger bigInt)` Encodes to a byte64-encoded integer according to crypto standards such as W3C's XML-Signature
`String` | `encodeToString(byte[] pArray)` Encodes a byte[] containing binary data, into a String containing characters in the Base64 alphabet.
`static boolean` | `isArrayByteBase64(byte[] arrayOctet)` Tests a given byte array to see if it contains only valid characters within the Base64 alphabet.
`static boolean` | `isBase64(byte octet)` Returns whether or not the `octet` is in the base 64 alphabet.
`boolean` | `isUrlSafe()` Returns our current encode mode.

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object
`clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait`

Constructor Detail

### Base64

    public Base64()

  Creates a Base64 codec used for decoding (all modes) and encoding in URL-unsafe mode.

  When encoding the line length is 76, the line separator is CRLF, and the encoding table is STANDARD_ENCODE_TABLE.

  When decoding all variants are supported.

### Base64

    public Base64(boolean urlSafe)

  Creates a Base64 codec used for decoding (all modes) and encoding in the given URL-safe mode.

  When encoding the line length is 76, the line separator is CRLF, and the encoding table is STANDARD_ENCODE_TABLE.

  When decoding all variants are supported.

  Parameters:
    `urlSafe` - if `true`, URL-safe encoding is used. In most cases this should be set to `false`.
  Since:
    1.4

### Base64

    public Base64(int lineLength)

  Creates a Base64 codec used for decoding (all modes) and encoding in URL-unsafe mode.

  When encoding the line length is given in the constructor, the line separator is CRLF, and the encoding table is STANDARD_ENCODE_TABLE.

  Line lengths that aren't multiples of 4 will still essentially end up being multiples of 4 in the encoded data.

  When decoding all variants are supported.

  Parameters:
    `lineLength` - Each line of encoded data will be at most of the given length (rounded down to nearest multiple of 4). If lineLength <= 0, then the output will not be divided into lines (chunks). Ignored when decoding.
  Since:
    1.4

### Base64

    public Base64(int lineLength,
                  byte[] lineSeparator)

  Creates a Base64 codec used for decoding (all modes) and encoding in URL-unsafe mode.

  When encoding the line length and line separator are given in the constructor, and the encoding table is STANDARD_ENCODE_TABLE.

  Line lengths that aren't multiples of 4 will still essentially end up being multiples of 4 in the encoded data.

  When decoding all variants are supported.

  Parameters:
    `lineLength` - Each line of encoded data will be at most of the given length (rounded down to nearest multiple of 4). If lineLength <= 0, then the output will not be divided into lines (chunks). Ignored when decoding.
    `lineSeparator` - Each line of encoded data will end with this sequence of bytes.
  Throws:
    `IllegalArgumentException` - Thrown when the provided lineSeparator included some base64 characters.
  Since:
    1.4

### Base64

    public Base64(int lineLength,
                  byte[] lineSeparator,
                  boolean urlSafe)

  Creates a Base64 codec used for decoding (all modes) and encoding in URL-unsafe mode.

  When encoding the line length and line separator are given in the constructor, and the encoding table is STANDARD_ENCODE_TABLE.

  Line lengths that aren't multiples of 4 will still essentially end up being multiples of 4 in the encoded data.

  When decoding all variants are supported.

  Parameters:
    `lineLength` - Each line of encoded data will be at most of the given length (rounded down to nearest multiple of 4). If lineLength <= 0, then the output will not be divided into lines (chunks). Ignored when decoding.
    `lineSeparator` - Each line of encoded data will end with this sequence of bytes.
    `urlSafe` - Instead of emitting '+' and '/' we emit '-' and '_' respectively. urlSafe is only applied to encode operations. Decoding seamlessly handles both modes.
  Throws:
    `IllegalArgumentException` - The provided lineSeparator included some base64 characters. That's not going to work!
  Since:
    1.4

Method Detail

### isUrlSafe

    public boolean isUrlSafe()

  Returns our current encode mode. True if we're URL-SAFE, false otherwise.

  Returns:
    true if we're in URL-SAFE mode, false otherwise.
  Since:
    1.4

### isBase64

    public static boolean isBase64(byte octet)

  Returns whether or not the `octet` is in the base 64 alphabet.

  Parameters:
    `octet` - The value to test
  Returns:
    `true` if the value is defined in the the base 64 alphabet, `false` otherwise.
  Since:
    1.4

### isArrayByteBase64

    public static boolean isArrayByteBase64(byte[] arrayOctet)

  Tests a given byte array to see if it contains only valid characters within the Base64 alphabet. Currently the method treats whitespace as valid.

  Parameters:
    `arrayOctet` - byte array to test
  Returns:
    `true` if all bytes are valid characters in the Base64 alphabet or if the byte array is empty; false, otherwise

### encodeBase64

    public static byte[] encodeBase64(byte[] binaryData)

  Encodes binary data using the base64 algorithm but does not chunk the output.

  Parameters:
    `binaryData` - binary data to encode
  Returns:
    byte[] containing Base64 characters in their UTF-8 representation.

### encodeBase64String

    public static String encodeBase64String(byte[] binaryData)

  Encodes binary data using the base64 algorithm into 76 character blocks separated by CRLF.

  Parameters:
    `binaryData` - binary data to encode
  Returns:
    String containing Base64 characters.
  Since:
    1.4

### encodeBase64URLSafe

    public static byte[] encodeBase64URLSafe(byte[] binaryData)

  Encodes binary data using a URL-safe variation of the base64 algorithm but does not chunk the output. The url-safe variation emits - and _ instead of + and / characters.

  Parameters:
    `binaryData` - binary data to encode
  Returns:
    byte[] containing Base64 characters in their UTF-8 representation.
  Since:
    1.4

### encodeBase64URLSafeString

    public static String encodeBase64URLSafeString(byte[] binaryData)

  Encodes binary data using a URL-safe variation of the base64 algorithm but does not chunk the output. The url-safe variation emits - and _ instead of + and / characters.

  Parameters:
    `binaryData` - binary data to encode
  Returns:
    String containing Base64 characters
  Since:
    1.4

### encodeBase64Chunked

    public static byte[] encodeBase64Chunked(byte[] binaryData)

  Encodes binary data using the base64 algorithm and chunks the encoded output into 76 character blocks

  Parameters:
    `binaryData` - binary data to encode
  Returns:
    Base64 characters chunked in 76 character blocks

### decode

    public Object decode(Object pObject)

  Decodes an Object using the base64 algorithm. This method is provided in order to satisfy the requirements of the Decoder interface, and will throw a DecoderException if the supplied object is not of type byte[] or String.

  Parameters:
    `pObject` - Object to decode
  Returns:
    An object (of type byte[]) containing the binary data which corresponds to the byte[] or String supplied.
  Throws:
    `RuntimeException` - if the parameter supplied is not of type byte[]

### decode

    public byte[] decode(String pArray)

  Decodes a String containing containing characters in the Base64 alphabet.

  Parameters:
    `pArray` - A String containing Base64 character data
  Returns:
    a byte array containing binary data
  Since:
    1.4

### decode

    public byte[] decode(byte[] pArray)

  Decodes a byte[] containing containing characters in the Base64 alphabet.

  Parameters:
    `pArray` - A byte array containing Base64 character data
  Returns:
    a byte array containing binary data

### encodeBase64

    public static byte[] encodeBase64(byte[] binaryData,
                                      boolean isChunked)

  Encodes binary data using the base64 algorithm, optionally chunking the output into 76 character blocks.

  Parameters:
    `binaryData` - Array containing binary data to encode.
    `isChunked` - if `true` this encoder will chunk the base64 output into 76 character blocks
  Returns:
    Base64-encoded data.
  Throws:
    `IllegalArgumentException` - Thrown when the input array needs an output array bigger than `Integer.MAX_VALUE`

### encodeBase64

    public static byte[] encodeBase64(byte[] binaryData,
                                      boolean isChunked,
                                      boolean urlSafe)

  Encodes binary data using the base64 algorithm, optionally chunking the output into 76 character blocks.

  Parameters:
    `binaryData` - Array containing binary data to encode.
    `isChunked` - if `true` this encoder will chunk the base64 output into 76 character blocks
    `urlSafe` - if `true` this encoder will emit - and _ instead of the usual + and / characters.
  Returns:
    Base64-encoded data.
  Throws:
    `IllegalArgumentException` - Thrown when the input array needs an output array bigger than `Integer.MAX_VALUE`
  Since:
    1.4

### encodeBase64

    public static byte[] encodeBase64(byte[] binaryData,
                                      boolean isChunked,
                                      boolean urlSafe,
                                      int maxResultSize)

  Encodes binary data using the base64 algorithm, optionally chunking the output into 76 character blocks.

  Parameters:
    `binaryData` - Array containing binary data to encode.
    `isChunked` - if `true` this encoder will chunk the base64 output into 76 character blocks
    `urlSafe` - if `true` this encoder will emit - and _ instead of the usual + and / characters.
    `maxResultSize` - The maximum result size to accept.
  Returns:
    Base64-encoded data.
  Throws:
    `IllegalArgumentException` - Thrown when the input array needs an output array bigger than maxResultSize
  Since:
    1.4

### decodeBase64

    public static byte[] decodeBase64(String base64String)

  Decodes a Base64 String into octets

  Parameters:
    `base64String` - String containing Base64 data
  Returns:
    Array containing decoded data.
  Since:
    1.4

### decodeBase64

    public static byte[] decodeBase64(byte[] base64Data)

  Decodes Base64 data into octets

  Parameters:
    `base64Data` - Byte array containing Base64 data
  Returns:
    Array containing decoded data.

### encode

    public Object encode(Object pObject)

  Encodes an Object using the base64 algorithm. This method is provided in order to satisfy the requirements of the Encoder interface, and will throw an EncoderException if the supplied object is not of type byte[].

  Parameters:
    `pObject` - Object to encode
  Returns:
    An object (of type byte[]) containing the base64 encoded data which corresponds to the byte[] supplied.
  Throws:
    `RuntimeException` - if the parameter supplied is not of type byte[]

### encodeToString

    public String encodeToString(byte[] pArray)

  Encodes a byte[] containing binary data, into a String containing characters in the Base64 alphabet.

  Parameters:
    `pArray` - a byte array containing binary data
  Returns:
    A String containing only Base64 character data
  Since:
    1.4

### encode

    public byte[] encode(byte[] pArray)

  Encodes a byte[] containing binary data, into a byte[] containing characters in the Base64 alphabet.

  Parameters:
    `pArray` - a byte array containing binary data
  Returns:
    A byte array containing only Base64 character data

### decodeInteger

    public static BigInteger decodeInteger(byte[] pArray)

  Decodes a byte64-encoded integer according to crypto standards such as W3C's XML-Signature

  Parameters:
    `pArray` - a byte array containing base64 character data
  Returns:
    A BigInteger
  Since:
    1.4

### encodeInteger

    public static byte[] encodeInteger(BigInteger bigInt)

  Encodes to a byte64-encoded integer according to crypto standards such as W3C's XML-Signature

  Parameters:
    `bigInt` - a BigInteger
  Returns:
    A byte array containing base64 character data
  Throws:
    `NullPointerException` - if null is passed in
  Since:
    1.4

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