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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN">
<html lang="en">
<HEAD>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<TITLE>Changes</TITLE>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style/default.css" type="text/css">
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<H1><a name="q0">Appendix C. Changes</a></H1>
<div class="subtoc">
<p><strong>Contents</strong>
<ul class="toc">
<li class="tocline2"><a href="changes.html#new" class="tocxref">C.1 Additional property values</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q2" class="tocxref">C.1.1 Section 4.3.5 Colors</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q3" class="tocxref">C.1.2 Section 9.2.4 The 'display' property</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q4" class="tocxref">C.1.3 Section 12.2 The 'content' property</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q5" class="tocxref">C.1.4 Section 18.1 Cursors: the 'cursor' property</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q6" class="tocxref">C.1.5 Section 16.6 Whitespace: the 'white-space' property</a>
</ul>
<li class="tocline2"><a href="changes.html#changes" class="tocxref">C.2 Changes</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q8" class="tocxref">C.2.1 Section 1.1 CSS 2.1 vs CSS 2</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q9" class="tocxref">C.2.2 Section 1.2 Reading the specification</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q10" class="tocxref">C.2.3 Section 1.3 How the specification is organized</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q11" class="tocxref">C.2.4 Section 1.4.2.1 Value</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q12" class="tocxref">C.2.5 Section 1.4.2.6 Media groups</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q13" class="tocxref">C.2.6 Section 1.4.2.7 Computed value</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q14" class="tocxref">C.2.7 Section 1.4.4 Notes and examples</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q15" class="tocxref">C.2.8 Section 1.5 Acknowledgements</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q16" class="tocxref">C.2.9 Section 3.2 Conformance</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q17" class="tocxref">C.2.10 Section 3.3 Error Conditions</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q18" class="tocxref">C.2.11 Section 5.8.1 Matching attributes and attribute values</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q19" class="tocxref">C.2.12 Section 5.8.3 Class selectors</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q20" class="tocxref">C.2.13 Section 5.9 ID selectors</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q21" class="tocxref">C.2.14 Section 5.10 Pseudo-elements and pseudo-classes</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q22" class="tocxref">C.2.15 5.11.2 The link pseudo-classes: :link and :visited</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q23" class="tocxref">C.2.16 Section 5.11.4 The language pseudo-class: :lang</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q24" class="tocxref">C.2.17 Section 5.12.1 The :first-line pseudo-element</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q25" class="tocxref">C.2.18 Section 5.12.2 The :first-letter pseudo-element</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q26" class="tocxref">C.2.19 Section 6.1 Specified, computed, and actual values</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q27" class="tocxref">C.2.20 Section 6.4.1 Cascading order</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q28" class="tocxref">C.2.21 Section 6.4.3 Calculating a selector's specificity</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q29" class="tocxref">C.2.22 Section 6.4.4 Precedence of non-CSS presentational hints</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q30" class="tocxref">C.2.23 Section 7.3 Recognized Media Types</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q31" class="tocxref">C.2.24 Section 7.3.1 Media Groups</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q32" class="tocxref">C.2.25 Section 8.3 Margin properties</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q33" class="tocxref">C.2.26 Section 8.3.1 Collapsing margins</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q34" class="tocxref">C.2.27 Section 8.4 Padding properties</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q35" class="tocxref">C.2.28 Section 8.5.2 Border color</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q36" class="tocxref">C.2.29 Section 8.5.3 Border style</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q37" class="tocxref">C.2.30 Section 8.6 The box model for inline elements in bidirection context</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q38" class="tocxref">C.2.31 Section 9.1.2 Containing blocks</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q39" class="tocxref">C.2.32 Section 9.2.1.1 Anonymous block boxes</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q40" class="tocxref">C.2.33 Section 9.2.2.1 Anonymous inline boxes</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q41" class="tocxref">C.2.34 Section 9.2.3 Run-in boxes</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q42" class="tocxref">C.2.35 Section 9.2.4 The 'display' property</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q43" class="tocxref">C.2.36 Section 9.3.1 Choosing a positioning scheme</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q44" class="tocxref">C.2.37 Section 9.3.2 Box offsets</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q45" class="tocxref">C.2.38 Section 9.4.1 Block formatting contexts</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q46" class="tocxref">C.2.39 Section 9.4.2 Inline formatting context</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q47" class="tocxref">C.2.40 Section 9.4.3 Relative positioning</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q48" class="tocxref">C.2.41 Section 9.5 Floats</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q49" class="tocxref">C.2.42 Section 9.5.1 Positioning the float</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q50" class="tocxref">C.2.43 Section 9.5.2 Controlling flow next to floats</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q51" class="tocxref">C.2.44 Section 9.7 Relationships between 'display', 'position', and 'float'</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q52" class="tocxref">C.2.45 Section 9.9 Layered presentation</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q53" class="tocxref">C.2.46 Section 9.10 Text direction</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q54" class="tocxref">C.2.47 Chapter Visual formatting model details</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q55" class="tocxref">C.2.48 Section 10.1 Definition of "containing block"</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q56" class="tocxref">C.2.49 Section 10.2 Content width</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q57" class="tocxref">C.2.50 Section 10.3 Calculating widths and margins</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q58" class="tocxref">C.2.51 Section 10.3.7 Absolutely positioned, non-replaced elements</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q59" class="tocxref">C.2.52 Section 10.6.4 Absolutely positioned, non-replaced elements</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q60" class="tocxref">C.2.53 Section 11.1 Overflow and clipping</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q61" class="tocxref">C.2.54 Section 11.1.1 Overflow</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q62" class="tocxref">C.2.55 Section 11.1.2 Clipping: the 'clip' property</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q63" class="tocxref">C.2.56 Chapter 12 Generated content, automatic numbering, and lists</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q64" class="tocxref">C.2.57 Section 12.1 The :before and :after pseudo-elements</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q65" class="tocxref">C.2.58 Section 12.2 The 'content' property</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q66" class="tocxref">C.2.59 Section 12.3.2 Inserting quotes with the 'content' property</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q67" class="tocxref">C.2.60 Section 12.4 Automatic counters and numbering</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q68" class="tocxref">C.2.61 Section 12.4.1 Nested counters and scope</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q69" class="tocxref">C.2.62 Section 12.5 Lists</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q70" class="tocxref">C.2.63 Section 12.5.1 Lists</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q71" class="tocxref">C.2.64 Chapter 13 Paged media</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q72" class="tocxref">C.2.65 Section 13.2.2 Page selectors</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q73" class="tocxref">C.2.66 Section 13.3.1 Page break properties</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q74" class="tocxref">C.2.67 Section 13.3.3 Allowed page breaks</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q75" class="tocxref">C.2.68 Section 14.2.1 Background properties</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q76" class="tocxref">C.2.69 Section 14.3 Gamma correction</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q77" class="tocxref">C.2.70 Chapter 15 Fonts</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q78" class="tocxref">C.2.71 Section 15.2 Font matching algorithm</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q79" class="tocxref">C.2.72 Section 15.2.2 Font family</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q80" class="tocxref">C.2.73 Section 15.5 Small-caps</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q81" class="tocxref">C.2.74 Section 15.6 Font boldness</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q82" class="tocxref">C.2.75 Section 15.7 Font size</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q83" class="tocxref">C.2.76 Chapter 16 Text</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q84" class="tocxref">C.2.77 Section 16.2 Alignment</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q85" class="tocxref">C.2.78 Section 16.3.1 Underlining, over lining, striking, and blinking</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q86" class="tocxref">C.2.79 Section 16.4 Letter and word spacing</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q87" class="tocxref">C.2.80 Section 16.5 Capitalization</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q88" class="tocxref">C.2.81 Section 16.6 Whitespace</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q89" class="tocxref">C.2.82 Chapter 17 Tables</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q90" class="tocxref">C.2.83 17.2 The CSS table model</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q91" class="tocxref">C.2.84 Section 17.2.1 Anonymous table objects</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q92" class="tocxref">C.2.85 Section 17.4 Tables in the visual formatting model</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q93" class="tocxref">C.2.86 Section 17.4.1 Caption position and alignment</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q94" class="tocxref">C.2.87 Section 17.5 Visual layout of table contents</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q95" class="tocxref">C.2.88 Section 17.5.1 Table layers and transparency</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q96" class="tocxref">C.2.89 Section 17.5.2.1 Fixed table layout</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q97" class="tocxref">C.2.90 Section 17.5.2.2 Automatic table layout</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q98" class="tocxref">C.2.91 Section 17.5.3 Table height algorithms</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q99" class="tocxref">C.2.92 17.5.4 Horizontal alignment in a column</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q100" class="tocxref">C.2.93 Section 17.6 Borders</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q101" class="tocxref">C.2.94 Section 17.6.1 The separated borders model</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q102" class="tocxref">C.2.95 Section 17.6.1.1 Borders and Backgrounds around empty cells</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q103" class="tocxref">C.2.96 Section 17.6.2 The collapsing border model</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q104" class="tocxref">C.2.97 Section 17.6.2.1 Border conflict resolution</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q105" class="tocxref">C.2.98 Section 18.4 Dynamic outlines</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q106" class="tocxref">C.2.99 Chapter 12 Generated content, automatic numbering, and lists</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q107" class="tocxref">C.2.100 Appendix A. Aural style sheets</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q108" class="tocxref">C.2.101 Appendix A Section 5 Pause properties</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q109" class="tocxref">C.2.102 Appendix A Section 6 Cue properties</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q110" class="tocxref">C.2.103 Appendix A Section 7 Mixing properties</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q111" class="tocxref">C.2.104 Other</a>
</ul>
<li class="tocline2"><a href="changes.html#known-errors" class="tocxref">C.3 Errors</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q113" class="tocxref">C.3.1 Shorthand properties</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q114" class="tocxref">C.3.2 Applies to</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q115" class="tocxref">C.3.3 Section 4.1.1 (and G2)</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q116" class="tocxref">C.3.4 4.1.3 Characters and case</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q117" class="tocxref">C.3.5 Section 4.3 (Double sign problem)</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q118" class="tocxref">C.3.6 Section 4.3.2 Lengths</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q119" class="tocxref">C.3.7 Section 4.3.6</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q120" class="tocxref">C.3.8 5.10 Pseudo-elements and pseudo-classes</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q121" class="tocxref">C.3.9 Section 6.4 The cascade</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q122" class="tocxref">C.3.10 Section 8.1 Box Dimensions</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q123" class="tocxref">C.3.11 8.2 Example of margins, padding, and borders</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q124" class="tocxref">C.3.12 Section 8.5.4 Border shorthand properties</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q125" class="tocxref">C.3.13 Section 9.2.1 Block-level elements and block boxes</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q126" class="tocxref">C.3.14 Section 9.3.1 Choosing a positioning scheme</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q127" class="tocxref">C.3.15 Section 9.3.2 Box offsets</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q128" class="tocxref">C.3.16 Section 9.4.1 Block formatting contexts</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q129" class="tocxref">C.3.17 Section 9.4.2 Inline formatting context</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q130" class="tocxref">C.3.18 Section 9.4.3 Relative positioning</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q131" class="tocxref">C.3.19 Section 9.5 Floats</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q132" class="tocxref">C.3.20 Section 9.5.1 Positioning the float</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q133" class="tocxref">C.3.21 Section 9.5.2 Controlling flow next to floats</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q134" class="tocxref">C.3.22 Section 9.6 Absolute positioning</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q135" class="tocxref">C.3.23 Section 9.7 Relationships between 'display', 'position', and 'float'</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q136" class="tocxref">C.3.24 Section 9.10 Text direction</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q137" class="tocxref">C.3.25 Section 10.1 Definition of "containing block"</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q138" class="tocxref">C.3.26 Section 11.1.2 Clipping: the 'clip' property</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q139" class="tocxref">C.3.27 Section 11.2 Visibility</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q140" class="tocxref">C.3.28 Section 10.3.2 Inline, replaced elements (and 10.3.4, 10.3.6, and 10.3.8)</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q141" class="tocxref">C.3.29 Section 10.3.3</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q142" class="tocxref">C.3.30 Section 10.6.2 Inline, replaced elements ... (and 10.6.5)</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q143" class="tocxref">C.3.31 Section 10.6.3</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q144" class="tocxref">C.3.32 Section 11.1.1</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q145" class="tocxref">C.3.33 11.2 Visibility: the 'visibility' property</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q146" class="tocxref">C.3.34 12.6.2 Lists</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q147" class="tocxref">C.3.35 14.2 The background</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q148" class="tocxref">C.3.36 14.2.1 Background properties</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q149" class="tocxref">C.3.37 Section 15.2</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q150" class="tocxref">C.3.38 Section 15.7 Font size</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q151" class="tocxref">C.3.39 Section 16.1 Indentation</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q152" class="tocxref">C.3.40 Section 16.2 Alignment</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q153" class="tocxref">C.3.41 Section 17.2 The CSS table model</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q154" class="tocxref">C.3.42 Section 17.2.1 Anonymous table objects </a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q155" class="tocxref">C.3.43 Section 17.4 Tables in the visual formatting model</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q156" class="tocxref">C.3.44 Section 17.5 Visual layout of table contents</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q157" class="tocxref">C.3.45 Section 17.5.1 Table layers and transparency</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q158" class="tocxref">C.3.46 Section 17.6.1 The separated borders model</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q159" class="tocxref">C.3.47 Section 18.2</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q160" class="tocxref">C.3.48 Appendix D.2 Lexical scanner</a>
</ul>
<li class="tocline2"><a href="changes.html#clarifications" class="tocxref">C.4 Clarifications</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q162" class="tocxref">C.4.1 2.1 A brief CSS 2.1 tutorial for HTML</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q163" class="tocxref">C.4.2 2.2 A brief CSS 2.1 tutorial for XML</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q164" class="tocxref">C.4.3 Definitions</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q165" class="tocxref">C.4.4 Section 4.1.1</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q166" class="tocxref">C.4.5 Section 5.1 Pattern matching</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q167" class="tocxref">C.4.6 Section 5.7 Adjacent sibling selectors</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q168" class="tocxref">C.4.7 Section 5.8.2 Default attribute values in DTDs</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q169" class="tocxref">C.4.8 Section 5.9 ID selectors</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q170" class="tocxref">C.4.9 Section 5.11.3 The dynamic pseudo-classes: :hover, :active, and :focus</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q171" class="tocxref">C.4.10 Section 5.11.4 The language pseudo-class: :lang</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q172" class="tocxref">C.4.11 Section 5.12.2 The :first-letter pseudo-element</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q173" class="tocxref">C.4.12 Section 6.2 Inheritance</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q174" class="tocxref">C.4.13 Section 6.2.1 The 'inherit' value</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q175" class="tocxref">C.4.14 Section 6.3 The @import rule</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q176" class="tocxref">C.4.15 6.4 The Cascade</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q177" class="tocxref">C.4.16 6.4.1 Cascading order</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q178" class="tocxref">C.4.17 Section 6.4.3 Calculating a selector's specificity</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q179" class="tocxref">C.4.18 Section 7.2.1 The @media rule</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q180" class="tocxref">C.4.19 Section 7.3 Recognized media types</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q181" class="tocxref">C.4.20 Section 7.3.1 Media groups</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q182" class="tocxref">C.4.21 Section 8.1 Box dimensions</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q183" class="tocxref">C.4.22 Section 8.3 Margin properties</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q184" class="tocxref">C.4.23 Section 8.3.1</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q185" class="tocxref">C.4.24 Section 8.5.3 Border style</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q186" class="tocxref">C.4.25 Section 9.1.1 The viewport</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q187" class="tocxref">C.4.26 Section 9.3.1 Choosing a positioning scheme</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q188" class="tocxref">C.4.27 Section 9.3.2 Box offsets</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q189" class="tocxref">C.4.28 Section 9.4.2 Inline formatting context</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q190" class="tocxref">C.4.29 Section 9.4.3 Relative positioning</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q191" class="tocxref">C.4.30 Section 9.5 Floats</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q192" class="tocxref">C.4.31 Section 9.5.1 Positioning the float</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q193" class="tocxref">C.4.32 Section 9.5.2 Controlling flow next to floats</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q194" class="tocxref">C.4.33 Section 9.8 Comparison of normal flow, floats, and absolute positioning</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q195" class="tocxref">C.4.34 Section 10.1 Definition of "containing block"</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q196" class="tocxref">C.4.35 Section 10.2 Content width</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q197" class="tocxref">C.4.36 10.3.3 Block-level, non-replaced elements in normal flow</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q198" class="tocxref">C.4.37 Section 10.5 Content height: the 'height' property</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q199" class="tocxref">C.4.38 Section 10.8.1</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q200" class="tocxref">C.4.39 Section 11.1 Overflow and clipping</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q201" class="tocxref">C.4.40 Section 11.1.1 Overflow</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q202" class="tocxref">C.4.41 Section 11.1.2 Clipping</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q203" class="tocxref">C.4.42 Section 11.2 Visibility</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q204" class="tocxref">C.4.43 Section 12.1 The :before and :after pseudo-elements</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q205" class="tocxref">C.4.44 Section 12.2 The 'content' property</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q206" class="tocxref">C.4.45 Section 12.3.2 Inserting quotes with the 'content' property</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q207" class="tocxref">C.4.46 Section 12.4 Automatic counters and numbering</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q208" class="tocxref">C.4.47 Section 12.4.3 Counters in elements with 'display: none'</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q209" class="tocxref">C.4.48 Section 14.2 The background</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q210" class="tocxref">C.4.49 Section 15.1 Fonts Introduction</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q211" class="tocxref">C.4.50 Section 15.2 Font matching algorithm</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q212" class="tocxref">C.4.51 Section 15.2.2 Font family</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q213" class="tocxref">C.4.52 Section 15.3.1 Generic font families</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q214" class="tocxref">C.4.53 Section 15.4 Font styling</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q215" class="tocxref">C.4.54 Section 15.5 Small-caps</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q216" class="tocxref">C.4.55 Section 15.6 Font boldness</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q217" class="tocxref">C.4.56 Section 15.7 Font size</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q218" class="tocxref">C.4.57 Section 16.1 Indentation</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q219" class="tocxref">C.4.58 16.2 Alignment</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q220" class="tocxref">C.4.59 Section 16.3.1 Underlining, over lining, striking, and blinking</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q221" class="tocxref">C.4.60 Section 16.5 Capitalization</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q222" class="tocxref">C.4.61 Section 16.6 Whitespace</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q223" class="tocxref">C.4.62 Section 17.1 Introduction to tables</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q224" class="tocxref">C.4.63 Section 17.2 The CSS table model</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q225" class="tocxref">C.4.64 Section 17.2.1 Anonymous table objects</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q226" class="tocxref">C.4.65 Section 17.4 Tables in the visual formatting model</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q227" class="tocxref">C.4.66 Section 17.5 Visual layout of table contents</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q228" class="tocxref">C.4.67 Section 17.5.1 Table layers and transparency</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q229" class="tocxref">C.4.68 Section 17.5.2 Table width algorithms</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q230" class="tocxref">C.4.69 Section 17.5.2.1 Fixed table layout</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q231" class="tocxref">C.4.70 Section 17.5.2.2 Automatic table layout</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q232" class="tocxref">C.4.71 Section 17.5.5 Dynamic row and column effects</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q233" class="tocxref">C.4.72 17.6.1 The separated borders model</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q234" class="tocxref">C.4.73 Borders around empty cells: the 'empty-cells' property</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q235" class="tocxref">C.4.74 Section 17.6.2 The collapsing borders model</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q236" class="tocxref">C.4.75 Section 18.2 System Colors</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q237" class="tocxref">C.4.76 Section 18.4 Dynamic outlines</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q238" class="tocxref">C.4.77 Section 18.4.1 Outlines and the focus</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q239" class="tocxref">C.4.78 Section A.3</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q240" class="tocxref">C.4.79 Appendix G.2 Lexical scanner</a>
<li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q241" class="tocxref">C.4.80 Appendix E. References</a>
</ul>
</ul>
</div>
<P><em>This appendix is informative, not normative.</em></P>
<P>CSS 2.1 is an updated revision of CSS2. The changes between the
CSS2 specification (see <a href="refs.html#ref-CSS2" rel="biblioentry" class="noxref"><span class="informref">[CSS2]</span></a>) and this specification fall into
five groups: known errors, typographical errors, clarifications,
changes and additions. Typographical errors are not listed here.</P>
<p>This chapter is not a complete list of changes. Minor editorial
changes and most changes to examples are also not listed here.</p>
<h2>C.1 <a name="new">Additional property values</a></h2>
<h3 id="s-4-3-5"><a name="q2">C.1.1 </a><a href="syndata.html#color-units">Section 4.3.5
Colors</a></h3>
<p>New color value: 'orange'
<h3 id="s-9-2-4"><a name="q3">C.1.2 </a><a href="visuren.html#propdef-display">Section 9.2.4
The 'display' property</a></h3>
<p>New 'display' value: 'inline-block'
<h3 id="s-12-2a"><a name="q4">C.1.3 </a><a href="generate.html#content">Section 12.2 The
'content' property</a></h3>
<p>New 'content' values 'none' and 'normal'. (The values 'none' and
'normal' are equivalent in CSS 2.1, but may have different
functions in CSS3.)
<h3 id="s-18-1"><a name="q5">C.1.4 </a><a href="ui.html#propdef-cursor">Section 18.1 Cursors:
the 'cursor' property</a></h3>
<p>New 'cursor' value: 'progress'
<h3 id="s-16-6"><a name="q6">C.1.5 </a><a href="text.html#propdef-white-space">Section 16.6
Whitespace: the 'white-space' property</a></h3>
<p>New 'white-space' values: 'pre-wrap' and 'pre-line'
<h2>C.2 <a name="changes">Changes</a></h2>
<h3 id="c1.1"><a name="q8">C.2.1 </a><a href="about.html#q1">Section 1.1 CSS 2.1 vs CSS 2</a></h3>
<p>This new section is added to explain the motivation for CSS2.1
and its relation to CSS2.</p>
<h3 id="c1.2"><a name="q9">C.2.2 </a><a href="about.html#q2">Section 1.2 Reading the specification</a></h3>
<p>This section (formerly Section 1.1) has been marked non-normative.</p>
<h3 id="c1.3"><a name="q10">C.2.3 </a><a href="about.html#q3">Section 1.3 How the specification is organized</a></h3>
<p>This section (formerly Section 1.2) has been marked non-normative.</p>
<h3 id="c1.4.2.1"><a name="q11">C.2.4 </a><a href="about.html#q7">Section 1.4.2.1 Value</a></h3>
<p>This section (formerly unnumbered under 1.3.2) notes that value types are specified
in terms of tokens and that spaces may appear between tokens in values. A note
explains that spaces are required between some tokens.</p>
<h3 id="c1.4.2.6"><a name="q12">C.2.5 </a><a href="about.html#q12">Section 1.4.2.6 Media groups</a></h3>
<p>This section (formerly unnumbered under 1.3.2) now declares the Media line
in property definitions to be non-normative.</p>
<h3 id="c1.4.2.7"><a name="q13">C.2.6 </a><a href="about.html#q13">Section 1.4.2.7 Computed value</a></h3>
<p>A new line is added to each property definition specifying what the computed
values are for the property. (This defines what level of computation is done to
a property value before inheritance and before certain other calculations.)</p>
<h3 id="c1.4.4"><a name="q14">C.2.7 </a><a href="about.html#q15">Section 1.4.4 Notes and examples</a></h3>
<p>This section (formerly 1.3.4) now specifies that HTML examples lacking DOCTYPE
declarations are SGML Text Entities conforming to the HTML 4.01 Strict DTD [HTML4].
The markup for many examples has been reformulated to either include a DOCTYPE or
conform to this definition.</p>
<h3 id="c1.5"><a name="q15">C.2.8 </a><a href="about.html#q17">Section 1.5 Acknowledgements</a></h3>
<p>This section (formerly 1.4) has been updated to reflect contributions to CSS2.1
and has been marked non-normative.<p>
<h3 id="c3.2"><a name="q16">C.2.9 </a><a href="conform.html#conformance">Section 3.2
Conformance</a></h3>
<p>Support for user style sheets is now required (in most cases),
rather than just recommended.
<p>Support for turning of author style sheets is now required.</p>
<p>Application of CSS properties to form controls is explicitly undefined.
Authors are recommended to treat form control styling capabilities in UAs
as experimental.</p>
<h3 id="c3.3"><a name="q17">C.2.10 </a><a href="conform.html#q3">Section 3.3
Error Conditions</a></h3>
<p>This section changed to say that error handling <em>is</em> specified
in most cases.</p>
<h3 id="c5.8.1"><a name="q18">C.2.11 </a><a href="selector.html#q10">Section 5.8.1 Matching
attributes and attribute values</a></h3>
<p>RFC 3066 replaces RFC 1766.
<h3 id="c5.8.3"><a name="q19">C.2.12 </a><a href="selector.html#class-html">Section 5.8.3 Class
selectors</a></h3>
<p>Class selectors are allowed for other formats than HTML.
<p>Added a note about matching classes in formats with multiple class
attributes per element. The behavior is non-normative, because, at the
time of writing, there exist no such formats.
<h3 id="c5.9"><a name="q20">C.2.13 </a><a href="selector.html#id-selectors">Section 5.9 ID
selectors</a></h3>
<p>Specified how to match elements with two or more ID attributes.
<h3 id="c5.10"><a name="q21">C.2.14 </a><a href="selectors.html#pseudo-elements">Section 5.10
Pseudo-elements and pseudo-classes</a></h3>
<p>Removed exception for HTML UAs that allowed them (and only them) to
ignore ':first-letter' and ':first-line'.
<h3 id="c5.11.2"><a name="q22">C.2.15 </a><a href="selectors.html#link-pseudo-classes">5.11.2
The link pseudo-classes: :link and :visited</a></h3>
<p>UAs may return a :visited link to :link status at some point. (This
was previously a note, but is now normative.)
<p>Added a note about privacy concerns with link pseudo classes and
allowed UAs to treat :visited as :link.
<h3 id="c5.11.4"><a name="q23">C.2.16 </a><a href="selectors.html#lang">Section 5.11.4 The
language pseudo-class: :lang</a></h3>
<p>The identifier C in ':lang(C)' need not be a valid language code,
but it must not be empty.
<h3 id="c5.12.1"><a name="q24">C.2.17 </a><a href="selector.html#first-line-pseudo">Section
5.12.1 The :first-line pseudo-element</a></h3>
<p>':first-line' also applies to inline blocks, table captions and
table cells. Added a definition of "first formatted line" to make the
rules about which line is the first line more precise.
<p>UAs are no longer forbidden from applying more properties than the
given list.
<h3 id="c5.12.2"><a name="q25">C.2.18 </a><a href="selector.html#first-letter">Section 5.12.2
The :first-letter pseudo-element</a></h3>
<p>More precise definition of first letter. Added rules for cases
where the first letter is in an inline block or table cell. Added
rules for cases when preceding punctuation is in a different element
from the first letter itself.
<p>UAs may apply other properties to first letters than the given
list.
<p>Unicode character classes Pi and Pf added to the definition of
punctuation.
<h3 id="c6.1"><a name="q26">C.2.19 </a><a href="cascade.html#q1">Section 6.1 Specified, computed, and actual values</a></h3>
<p>Redefined "computed value" and created the concept of "used value"
so that inheritance can be performed without laying out the document.
This change has the effect of allowing (requiring) percentages to be inherited
as percentages and affects many other layout calculations throughout the spec.</p>
<p>Since computed value of a property can now also be a percentage. In
particular, the following properties now inherit the percentage if the
specified value is a percentage:
<ul>
<li>background-position
<li>bottom, left, right, top
<li>height, width
<li>margin-bottom, margin-left, margin-right, margin-top,
<li>min-height, min-width
<li>padding-bottom, padding-left, padding-right, padding-top
<li>text-indent
</ul>
<p>Note that only 'text-indent' inherits by default, the others only
inherit if the 'inherit' keyword is specified.
<h3 id="c6.4.1"><a name="q27">C.2.20 </a><a href="cascade.html#cascading-order">Section 6.4.1 Cascading order</a></h3>
<p>Changed suggestion that user be able to turn off author styles to a requirement.</p>
<h3 id="c6.4.3"><a name="q28">C.2.21 </a><a href="cascade.html#specificity">Section 6.4.3
Calculating a selector's specificity</a></h3>
<p>The "style" attribute now has a higher specificity than any style
rule.</p>
<p>Pseudo-elements are now counted with elements in calculating a
a selector's specificity.</p>
<h3 id="c6.4.4"><a name="q29">C.2.22 </a><a href="cascade.html#q13">Section 6.4.4 Precedence
of non-CSS presentational hints</a></h3>
<p>"Non-CSS presentational hints" no longer exist, with the exception
of a small set of attributes in HTML.</p>
<h3 id="c7.3"><a name="q30">C.2.23 </a><a href="media.html#media-types">Section 7.3
Recognized Media Types</a></h3>
<p>Added 'speech' media type.</p>
<p>Marked "Media" field in property descriptions informative.</p>
<h3 id="c7.3.1"><a name="q31">C.2.24 </a><a href="media.html#media-types">Section 7.3.1
Media Groups</a></h3>
<p>Marked this section informative.</p>
<p>Added sound to 'handheld' in media type/media group table.</p>
<p>Changed 'tactile' to be both 'static' and 'interactive'.</p>
<h3 id="c8.3"><a name="q32">C.2.25 </a><a href="box.html#margin-properties">Section 8.3 Margin properties</a></h3>
<p>If the containing block's width depends on an element with percentage
margins, then the resulting layout is undefined in CSS 2.1.</p>
<h3 id="c8.3.1"><a name="q33">C.2.26 </a><a href="box.html#collapsing-margins">Section 8.3.1 Collapsing margins</a></h3>
<p>In the definition of "collapsing margins", added "non-empty content"
and "clearance" to the parenthetical list of things that prevent consecutive
margins from being adjoining.</p>
<p>Vertical margins of elements with 'overflow' other than 'visible' no longer
collapse with their in-flow children.</p>
<p>Defined how margins collapse through an element with adjoining top and
bottom margins.</p>
<p>Added that margins of the root element's box do not collapse.</p>
<p>More rigorously <a href="box.html#what-is-adjoining">defined "adjoining" for margin collapsing</a>.</p>
<h3 id="c8.4"><a name="q34">C.2.27 </a><a href="box.html#padding-properties">Section 8.4 Padding properties</a></h3>
<p>If the containing block's width depends on an element with percentage
padding, then the resulting layout is undefined in CSS 2.1.</p>
<h3 id="c8.5.2"><a name="q35">C.2.28 </a><a href="box.html#border-color-properties">Section 8.5.2 Border color</a></h3>
<p>'transparent' can now be specified independently for each border side,
on par with <color>.</p>
<h3 id="c8.5.3"><a name="q36">C.2.29 </a><a href="box.html#border-style-properties">Section 8.5.3 Border style</a></h3>
<p>3D border styles ('groove', 'ridge', 'inset', 'outset') now depend on the
corresponding border-color rather than on 'color'.</p>
<h3 id="c8.6"><a name="q37">C.2.30 </a><a href="box.html#q11">Section 8.6 The box model for inline elements in bidirection context</a></h3>
<p>Added this new section to specify layout of inline boxes when affected by bidi.</p>
<h3 id="c9.1.2"><a name="q38">C.2.31 </a><a href="visuren.html#containing-block">Section 9.1.2
Containing blocks</a></h3>
<p>Removed paragraphs about the initial containing block, as this is
now defined differently. (See <a href="#initial-containing-block">changes
to section 10.1</a>.)</p>
<h3 id="c9.2.1.1"><a name="q39">C.2.32 </a><a href="visuren.html#anonymous-block-level">Section 9.2.1.1
Anonymous block boxes</a></h3>
<p>Added a paragraph to define formatting when an inline box contains
a block box.</p>
<p>Specified what property values are applied to anonymous boxes.</p>
<h3 id="c9.2.2.1"><a name="q40">C.2.33 </a><a href="visuren.html#anonymous">Section 9.2.2.1
Anonymous inline boxes</a></h3>
<p>Specified that collapsed whitespace does not generate anonymous
inline boxes.</p>
<h3 id="c9.2.3"><a name="q41">C.2.34 </a><a href="visuren.html#run-in">Section 9.2.3
Run-in boxes</a></h3>
<p>Changed run-in rules so that a) run-ins that contain blocks become blocks
b) run-ins can only run into sibling blocks and c) run-ins cannot run into
other run-ins.</p>
<h3 id="c9.2.4"><a name="q42">C.2.35 </a><a href="visuren.html#display-prop">Section 9.2.4
The 'display' property</a></h3>
<p>The 'marker' and 'compact' values of the 'display' property are
not part of CSS 2.1. Text relating to these values has been
removed throughout the specification.</p>
<p>Defined the computed value of 'display' as the specified value
except for positioned and floating elements and for the root element.
The computed value of 'display' for these elements is defined in
<a href="visuren.html#dis-pos-flo">section 9.7</a> and is slightly
different from the definition in CSS2.</p>
<p>Conforming HTML UAs are no longer allowed to ignore the 'display'
property.</p>
<h3 id="c9.3.1"><a name="q43">C.2.36 </a><a href="visuren.html#choose-position">Section 9.3.1
Choosing a positioning scheme</a></h3>
<p>The 'position' property now applies to all elements, including
generated content.</p>
<p>The effect of relative positioning on table captions and internal
table elements is undefined in CSS 2.1.</p>
<p>For fixed positioning, introduced a conflict between this section
and section 10.1 rule 3.
See <a href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Member/w3c-css-wg/2003AprJun/0172.html">howcome</a>
for rationale.</p>
<p>Forbid UAs from paginating the content of fixed boxes.</p>
<p>UAs are allowed to treat all values of 'position' as 'static' on
the root element.</p>
<h3 id="c9.3.2"><a name="q44">C.2.37 </a><a href="visuren.html#position-props">Section 9.3.2
Box offsets</a></h3>
<p>Defined computed values of 'top', 'right', 'bottom', 'left' based
on the value of 'position'.</p>
<p>Percentage offsets are no longer undefined for containing blocks
without an explicit height.</p>
<h3 id="c9.4.1"><a name="q45">C.2.38 </a><a href="visuren.html#block-formatting">Section 9.4.1
Block formatting contexts</a></h3>
<p>Specified that floats, absolutely positioned elements, inline-blocks,
table-cells, table-captions, and elements with 'overflow' other than
'visible' establish new block formatting contexts.</p>
<p>In the paragraph about the position of a box's outer edge with respect
to its containing block, except boxes that establish a new block formatting
context, as they may become narrower due to floats.</p>
<h3 id="c9.4.2"><a name="q46">C.2.39 </a><a href="visuren.html#inline-formatting">Section 9.4.2
Inline formatting context</a></h3>
<p>Specified that the effect of 'justify' on the content of a line box
does not affect the contents of inline-table and inline-block boxes.</p>
<p>Empty line boxes are now required to be treated as zero-height and
ignored in margin collapsing.</p>
<h3 id="c9.4.3"><a name="q47">C.2.40 </a><a href="visure.html#relative-positioning">Section 9.4.3
Relative positioning</a></h3>
<p>Added several paragraphs and an example to explain exactly what the
computed values of relatively-positioned offsets are, how they affect
each other, and what happens when the positioning is overconstrained.
(These were not previously defined.)</p>
<h3 id="c9.5"><a name="q48">C.2.41 </a><a href="visuren.html#floats">Section 9.5
Floats</a></h3>
<p>Floats are no longer required to have an explicit width.</p>
<p>Floats outside of line boxes no longer align to the bottom of
the preceding block box; it is implied that they are initially
aligned with their non-floated position.</p>
<p>Specified that "If a shortened line box is too small to contain any
further content, then it is shifted downward until either it fits or
there are no more floats present."</p>
<p>Specified that the border box of a table, block-level replaced element,
or element in the normal flow that establishes a new block formatting
context must not overlap any floats in the same block formatting context.</p>
<h3 id="c9.5.1"><a name="q49">C.2.42 </a><a href="visuren.html#float-position">Section 9.5.1
Positioning the float</a></h3>
<p>The 'float' property now also applies to :before/:after and generated
content.</p>
<p>UAs are now allowed to treat all values of float as 'none' on the
root element.</p>
<p>Added to rule 4 prose to define the position of a float when it
occurs between two collapsing margins.</p>
<h3 id="c9.5.2"><a name="q50">C.2.43 </a><a href="visuren.html#flow-control">Section 9.5.2
Controlling flow next to floats</a></h3>
<p>Defined <em>clearance</em> to precisely detail the 'clear' property's
effect on margin collapsing and the block's cleared position.</p>
<p>Added note to explain effect of 'clear' on inline elements since
CSS1 (but not CSS2 or CSS 2.1) allows 'clear' on inline elements.</p>
<h3 id="c9.7"><a name="q51">C.2.44 </a><a href="visuren.html#dis-pos-flo">Section 9.7
Relationships between 'display', 'position', and 'float'</a></h3>
<p>Changed rules to convert 'display' not always to 'block', but
to an appropriate block-level display value as given by a mapping
table.</p>
<p>Added rule 4 to convert root element's 'display' value according
to the mapping.</p>
<h3 id="c9.9"><a name="q52">C.2.45 </a><a href="visuren.html#q29">Section 9.9
Layered presentation</a></h3>
<p>Specified that the background and borders of an element that forms
a stacking context are behind all of its descendants, altered stacking
context prose to be more precise, and added a normative
<a href="zindex.html">Appendix E: Elaborate description of Stacking
Contexts</a> to be even more precise about the position of borders,
backgrounds, and content on the z-axis.</p>
<h3 id="c9.10"><a name="q53">C.2.46 </a><a href="visuren.html#direction">Section 9.10
Text direction</a></h3>
<p>Conforming UAs are now allowed to not support bidirectional text; in
this case they must ignore the 'direction' and 'unicode-bidi' properties.
However since applying bidi can have an effect even when a document
doesn't contain right-to-left characters, UAs that do support bidi are
no longer permitted to not apply the algorithm just because the document
lacks right-to-left characters.</p>
<p>Added a paragraph to define precisely how the Unicode bidirectional
algorithm applies to text in the CSS formatting model and how the CSS
'direction' property on blocks maps into the algorithm.</p>
<p>Conforming HTML UAs are no longer exempt from supporting 'direction'
and 'unicode-bidi'.</p>
<h3 id="c10"><a name="q54">C.2.47 </a><a href="visudet.html">Chapter
Visual formatting model details</a></h3>
<p>Updated prose to use the terms "specified", "computed" and "used"
as appropriate when referencing values. This affects many calculations
in this section. (See <a href="#c6.1">changes to section 6.1</a>.)</p>
<h3 id="c10.1"><a name="q55">C.2.48 </a><a href="visudet.html#containing-block-details">Section 10.1
Definition of "containing block"</a></h3>
<p id="initial-containing-block">In rule 1, defined the initial
containing block as the viewport for continuous media and the page
area for paged media. (It was previously undefined.)</p>
<p>In rule 2, defined the page area as the containing block for fixed
positioned elements in paged media.</p>
<p>In rule 4.1, when the containing block of an absolutely-positioned
element is formed by an inline-level element, it is now formed by that
element's padding edges, not its content edges.</p>
<p>In rule 4, changed the containing block for absolutely positioned
elements with only statically positioned elements from the root's
content box to the initial containing block.</p>
<p>Specified the positioning and breaking behavior of absolutely-positioned
elements in paged media.</p>
<h3 id="c10.2"><a name="q56">C.2.49 </a><a href="visudet.html#the-width-property">Section 10.2
Content width</a></h3>
<p>Declared that if the containing block's width depends on an element's
percentage width, then the resulting layout is undefined in CSS 2.1.</p>
<h3 id="c10.3"><a name="q57">C.2.50 </a><a href="visudet.html#Computing_widths_and_margins">Section 10.3
Calculating widths and margins</a></h3>
<p>Added sections 10.3.9 and 10.3.10 to define calculations for inline blocks.</p>
<h3 id="s-10-3-7"><a name="q58">C.2.51 </a><a
href="visudet.html#abs-non-replaced-width">Section 10.3.7 Absolutely
positioned, non-replaced elements</a></h3>
<p>Absolutely positioned elements can now "shrink-wrap" their
contents:
<p>When both 'width' and 'right' (or 'width' and 'left') are 'auto',
the element's computed width is the width of the contents (using an
algorithm similar to that for table cells) and then 'right' (or
'left') is solved for. CSS2 incorrectly said that 'right' (or 'left') was
set to 0 in that case, and then width was solved for.
<h3 id="s-10-6-4"><a name="q59">C.2.52 </a><a
href="visudet.html#abs-non-replaced-height">Section 10.6.4 Absolutely
positioned, non-replaced elements</a></h3>
<p>Like normal-flow block-level elements, absolutely positioned
elements by default take on the height of their contents
("shrink-wrap"). If 'height' and 'bottom' are both 'auto', the
computed value of 'height' is set to the height of the contents and
then 'bottom' is solved. CSS2 incorrectly said the reverse: 'bottom'
was set to 0 and then height was solved.
<h3 id="c11.1"><a name="q60">C.2.53 </a><a href="visufx.html#overflow-clipping">Section 11.1
Overflow and clipping</a></h3>
<p>Specified that 'overflow' clips to the padding edge.</p>
<h3 id="c11.1.1"><a name="q61">C.2.54 </a><a href="visufx.html#overflow">Section 11.1.1
Overflow</a></h3>
<p>'projection' media are no longer permitted to print overflowing
content for 'overflow: scroll'. 'print' media now <em>may</em>, as
opposed to <em>should</em>.</p>
<p>UAs are now required to apply the 'overflow' property set on the root
element to the viewport. Additionally, HTML UAs must use the 'overflow'
property on the HTML BODY element instead if the root element's
'overflow' value is 'visible'.</p>
<p>Specified placement of scrollbar in the box model.</p>
<h3 id="c11.1.2"><a name="q62">C.2.55 </a><a href="visufx.html#clipping">Section 11.1.2 Clipping:
the 'clip' property</a></h3>
<p>The 'clip' property now applies only to absolutely positioned elements.
Furthermore, it applies to those elements even when their 'overflow' is
'visible'.</p>
<p>The default value of 'clip', 'auto', now indiciates no clipping
rather than clipping to the element's border box.</p>
<p>Values of "rect()" should be separated by commas. UAs are
required to support this syntax, but may also support a space-separated
syntax since CSS2 was not clear about this.</p>
<p>While CSS2 specified that values of "rect()" give offsets from the
respective sides of the box, current implementations interpret values
with respect to the top and left edges for <em>all</em> four values
(top, right, bottom, and left). This is now the specified
interpretation.
<h3 id="c12"><a name="q63">C.2.56 </a><a href="generate.html">Chapter 12
Generated content, automatic numbering, and lists</a></h3>
<p>Moved all discussion of aural rendering to Appendix A.</p>
<h3 id="c12.1"><a name="q64">C.2.57 </a><a href="generate.html#before-after-content">Section 12.1
The :before and :after pseudo-elements</a></h3>
<p>Removed restrictions on which properties and property values
are allowed on ':before' and ':after' pseudo-elements.</p>
<h3 id="c12.2"><a name="q65">C.2.58 </a><a href="generate.html#content">Section 12.2 The
'content' property</a></h3>
<p>The initial value of 'content' is now 'normal', not the empty
string.</p>
<p>The 'content' property now distinguishes between the empty string,
which creates an empty box; and 'normal'/'none', which create no box
at all. (There is no distinction between 'normal' and 'none' in
level 2.)</p>
<p>A UA is now allowed to report a URI that fails to download.</p>
<p>Removed recommendation to authors to put rules with media-sensitive
'content' properties inside '@media'.</p>
<p>Whether '\A' escapes in generated content create line breaks is now
subject to the 'white-space' property.</p>
<p>The former section 12.3 on interaction between ':before', ':after'
and elements with 'display: compact' or 'display: run-in' has been
removed. (The interaction is already fully defined, because generated
content consists of boxes in the tree, no different from other boxes.)
<h3 id="c12.3.2"><a name="q66">C.2.59 </a><a href="generate.html#quotes-insert">Section 12.3.2
Inserting quotes with the 'content' property</a></h3>
<p>Specified that extra 'close-quote's and 'no-close-quote's (those
without a matching 'open-quote' or 'no-open-quote') are not rendered,
and that neither 'close-quote' nor 'no-close-quote' cause the quoting
depth to be negative.</p>
<h3 id="c12.4"><a name="q67">C.2.60 </a><a href="generate.html#counters">Section 12.4 Automatic
counters and numbering</a></h3>
<p>Defined what a rule with duplicate counters, such as
'counter-reset: section 2 section', means.</p>
<h3 id="c12.4.1"><a name="q68">C.2.61 </a><a href="generate.html#scope">Section 12.4.1 Nested
counters and scope</a></h3>
<p>The scope of a counter no longer defaults to the whole document,
but starts at the first element that uses the counter. (This affects
counters that are used without a prior 'counter-reset' to set the
scope explicitly.)</p>
<h3 id="c12.5"><a name="q69">C.2.62 </a><a href="generate.html#q10">Section 12.5
Lists</a></h3>
<p>Removed text in section 12.5 (formerly 12.6) relating to the
'marker' display value.</p>
<p>Removed the 'marker-offset' property (and thus former section 12.6.1).</p>
<h3 id="c12.5.1"><a name="q70">C.2.63 </a><a href="generate.html#lists">Section 12.5.1
Lists</a></h3>
<p>The list styles 'hebrew', 'armenian', 'georgian', 'cjk-ideographs',
'hiragana', 'katakana', 'hiragana-iroha' and 'katakana-iroha' have
been removed due to lack of implementation experience. (They are
expected to return in the CSS3 Lists module.)</p>
<p>Removed the sentence that said that an unknown value for
'list-style-type' should cause the value 'decimal' to be used instead.
Instead, normal parsing rules apply and cause the rule to be
ignored.</p>
<h3 id="c13.1"><a name="q71">C.2.64 </a><a href="page.html">Chapter 13 Paged media</a></h3>
<p>The 'size', 'marks', and 'page' properties are not part of
CSS 2.1.</p>
<h3 id="c13.2.2"><a name="q72">C.2.65 </a><a href="page.html#q6">Section 13.2.2
Page selectors</a></h3>
<p>The requirement for UA's to honor different declarations for
:left, :right, and :first pages has been softened to simplify
implementations: the page area of the :first page may be used
for :left and :right pages as well.</p>
<h3 id="c13.3.1"><a name="q73">C.2.66 </a><a href="page.html#page-break-props">Section 13.3.1
Page break properties</a></h3>
<p>UAs are now only required to apply the page break properties
to block-level elements in the normal flow of the root element,
not to other blocks.However, UAs are now permitted to apply these
properties to elements other than block-level elements.</p>
<p>Defined treatment of margins, borders, and padding when a page
break splits a box.</p>
<h3 id="c13.3.3"><a name="q74">C.2.67 </a><a href="page.html#allowed-page-breaks">Section 13.3.3
Allowed page breaks</a></h3>
<p>When dropping restrictions to find a page breaking opportunity,
rule A is dropped together with B and D rather than together with C.</p>
<p>Removed restriction on breaking within absolutely positioned boxes.</p>
<h3 id="c14.2.1"><a name="q75">C.2.68 </a><a href="colors.html#background-properties">Section
14.2.1 Background properties</a></h3>
<p>For 'background-position', the restriction that keywords cannot
be combined with percentage or length values is removed. I.e., a
value like: '25% top' is now allowed. Also, 'background-position'
now applies to all elements, not just to block-level and replaced
elements.</p>
<p>User agents are no longer allowed to treat a value of 'fixed'
for 'background-attachment' as 'scroll'. Instead they must ignore
all such declarations as if 'fixed' were an invalid value.</p>
<h3 id="c14.3"><a name="q76">C.2.69 </a><a href="colors.html#gamma-correction">Section
14.3 Gamma correction</a></h3>
<p>The contents of this section is now a non-normative note.</p>
<h3 id="c15"><a name="q77">C.2.70 </a><a href="fonts.html">Chapter 15 Fonts</a></h3>
<p>The 'font-stretch' and 'font-size-adjust' properties have
been removed in CSS 2.1.</p>
<p>Font descriptors, the '@font-face' declaration, and all
associated parts of the font matching algorithm have been
removed in CSS 2.1.</p>
<h3 id="c15.2"><a name="q78">C.2.71 </a><a href="fonts.html#algorithm">Section 15.2
Font matching algorithm</a></h3>
<p>In this section (previously 15.5), in step 5 (prevously 8)
of the font matching algorith, the UA is now allowed to use
multiple default fallback fonts to find a glyph for a given
character.</p>
<p>In the per-property rule 2, specified that if there is only
a small-caps font in a given family, then that font will be
selected by 'normal'.</p>
<h3 id="c15.3"><a name="q79">C.2.72 </a><a href="fonts.html#font-family-prop">Section 15.2.2 Font family</a></h3>
<p>The "missing character" glyph is no longer considered a match
for the last font in a font set, but is now considered a match
for U+FFFD.</p>
<p>Certain punctuation characters when appearing in unquoted font
family names are now required to be escaped.</p>
<h3 id="c15.5"><a name="q80">C.2.73 </a><a href="fonts.html#small-caps">Section 15.5
Small-caps</a></h3>
<p>The 'font-variant' property's effect is no longer restricted to
bicameral scripts.</p>
<h3 id="c15.6"><a name="q81">C.2.74 </a><a href="fonts.html#font-boldness">Section 15.6
Font boldness</a></h3>
<p>The computed value of 'font-weight' has been defined more