11<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
22<html lang="en">
3- <!-- $Id: page.src,v 2.2 1998-02-20 12:19:10 howcome Exp $ -->
3+ <!-- $Id: page.src,v 2.3 1998-02-21 04:23:42 ijacobs Exp $ -->
44<HEAD>
55<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
66<TITLE>Paged media</TITLE>
1010
1111<H2>Introduction to paged media</H2>
1212
13- <P>Paged media -- paper, transparencies, pages that are displayed on
14- computer screens, etc. -- differ from <a
15- href="./media.html#continuous-media-group">continuous media</a> in
16- that formatting algorithms for pages must manage <a
17- href="./#page-breaks">page breaks.</a> To handle page breaks, CSS2
13+ <P> Paged media (e.g., paper, transparencies, pages that are
14+ displayed on computer screens, etc.) differ from
15+ <a href="./media.html#continuous-media-group">continuous media</a>
16+ in that the content of the document is split into one or more discrete
17+ pages. To handle page breaks, CSS2
1818extends the <a href="visuren.html">visual rendering model</a>
1919as follows:</p>
2020
@@ -144,8 +144,7 @@ class="propinst-size">'size'</span> property</h3>
144144<P>The size of a page box may either be "absolute" (fixed size) or
145145"relative" (scalable, i.e., fitting available sheet sizes). Relative
146146page boxes allow user agents to scale a document and make optimal use
147- of the target size. Absolute page boxes ensure precise formatting when
148- that is the author's prerogative.
147+ of the target size. Absolute page boxes ensure precise formatting.
149148
150149<P>Three values for the <span class="propinst-size">'size'</span>
151150property create a relative page box:</p>
@@ -256,7 +255,7 @@ sheets.
256255boxes, the page box will be aligned with the target and the marks
257256will be outside the printable area.
258257
259- <P>The size, style, and position of cross marks depends on the user
258+ <P>The size, style, and position of cross marks depend on the user
260259agent.
261260
262261<h3>Left, right, and first pages</H3>
@@ -359,8 +358,8 @@ values for <span
359358class="propinst-page-break-before">'page-break-before'</span> and
360359<span class="propinst-page-break-after">'page-break-after'</span>.
361360
362- <li>Authors should not position elements in inconvenient locations as
363- a means to avoid laying them out . Instead:
361+ <li>Authors should not position elements in inconvenient locations
362+ just to avoid rendering them. Instead:
364363
365364<ul>
366365<li>To suppress box generation entirely, set the <span
@@ -426,12 +425,15 @@ the exact rules on how these values force or suppress a page break.
426425
427426<!-- #include src=properties/widows.srb -->
428427
429- <P>These properties specify the minimum number of lines of a paragraph
430- that must be left at the bottom (<span
431- class="propinst-orphans">'orphans'</span>) and top (<span
432- class="propinst-widows">'widows'</span>) of a page (see the section on
433- <a href="visuren.html#line-box">line boxes</a> for information about
434- paragraph formatting).
428+ <P>The <span class="propinst-orphans">'orphans'</span> property
429+ specifies the minimum number of lines of a paragraph that must be left
430+ at the bottom of a page. The <span
431+ class="propinst-widows">'widows'</span> property specifies the minimum
432+ number of lines of a paragraph that must be left at the top of a page.
433+ Examples of they are used to control page breaks are given below.
434+
435+ <P>For information about paragraph formatting, please consult the
436+ section on <a href="visuren.html#line-box">line boxes</a>.
435437
436438<h3><a name="allowed-page-breaks">Allowed page breaks</a></h3>
437439
@@ -495,9 +497,9 @@ margin, there is at least one with the value 'always', 'left', or
495497
496498<h3>"Best" page breaks</h3>
497499
498- <p>CSS does <em>not</em> define which of a set of allowed page breaks
499- must be used; CSS does not forbid a user agent from breaking at every
500- possible break point, or not to break at all. But CSS does recommend
500+ <p>CSS2 does <em>not</em> define which of a set of allowed page breaks
501+ must be used; CSS2 does not forbid a user agent from breaking at every
502+ possible break point, or not to break at all. But CSS2 does recommend
501503that user agents observe the following heuristics (while recognizing
502504that they are sometimes contradictory):</p>
503505
@@ -511,9 +513,8 @@ the same height.
511513</ul>
512514
513515<div class="example"><P>
514- Suppose, for example, that <span
515- class="propinst-orphans">'orphans'</span>=4, <span
516- class="propinst-widows">'widows'</span>=2, and
516+ Suppose, for example, that the style sheet
517+ contains 'orphans : 4', 'widows : 2', and
517518there are 20 lines (<a href="visuren.html#line-box">line boxes</a>
518519available at the bottom of the current page:</p>
519520
@@ -522,7 +523,7 @@ available at the bottom of the current page:</p>
522523<li>If a paragraph at the end of the current page contains 20 lines or fewer,
523524it should be placed on the current page.
524525
525- <li>If the paragraph contains 21 - 22 lines, the second part of the
526+ <li>If the paragraph contains 21 or 22 lines, the second part of the
526527paragraph must not violate the <span
527528class="propinst-widows">'widows'</span> constraint, and so the
528529second part must contain exactly two lines
@@ -532,8 +533,9 @@ contain 20 lines and the second part the remaining lines.
532533
533534</ul>
534535
535- <P>Now suppose that <span class="propinst-orphans">'orphans'</span>=10,
536- <span class="propinst-widows">'widows'</span>=20,
536+ <P>Now suppose that <span class="propinst-orphans">'orphans'</span> is
537+ '10',
538+ <span class="propinst-widows">'widows'</span> is '20',
537539and there are 8 lines available at the bottom of the current page:</p>
538540
539541<ul>
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