* This is equivalent to - * {@code {@link #subtract subtract}({@link #union union(a,b)},{@link #intersection intersection(a,b)})} + * {@code {@link #subtract subtract}({@link #union union(a, b)},{@link #intersection intersection(a, b)})} * or - * {@code {@link #union union}({@link #subtract subtract(a,b)},{@link #subtract subtract(b,a)})}. + * {@code {@link #union union}({@link #subtract subtract(a, b)},{@link #subtract subtract(b, a)})}. *

A CellExtractor that outputs the mapping [(1,2),(2,3),(3,1)] can be created from many combinations + *

A CellExtractor that outputs the mapping [(1, 2),(2, 3),(3, 1)] can be created from many combinations * of indices including:

      * [1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3]
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/LongBiPredicate.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/LongBiPredicate.java
index ff2f3b49d7..9d36ed692c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/LongBiPredicate.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/LongBiPredicate.java
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
  * Represents a function that accepts a two long-valued argument and produces a binary result.
  * This is the long-consuming primitive specialization for {@code BiPredicate}.
  * 

- * This is a functional interface whose functional method is {@code test(long,long)}.
+ * This is a functional interface whose functional method is {@code test(long, long)}.
  * 
  *
  * @since 4.5.0-M1
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/comparators/ComparatorChain.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/comparators/ComparatorChain.java
index 05fa8acabd..5916d5b74b 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/comparators/ComparatorChain.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/comparators/ComparatorChain.java
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ public class ComparatorChain implements Comparator, Serializable {
     /**
      * Constructs a ComparatorChain with no Comparators.
      * You must add at least one Comparator before calling
-     * the compare(Object,Object) method, or an
+     * the compare(Object, Object) method, or an
      * UnsupportedOperationException is thrown
      */
     public ComparatorChain() {
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ private void checkLocked() {
 
     /**
      * Perform comparisons on the Objects as per
-     * Comparator.compare(o1,o2).
+     * Comparator.compare(o1, o2).
      *
      * @param o1  the first object to compare
      * @param o2  the second object to compare
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/IteratorChain.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/IteratorChain.java
index 19ed92d6a6..031fb650c0 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/IteratorChain.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/IteratorChain.java
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ public class IteratorChain implements Iterator {
     private Iterator lastUsedIterator;
 
     /**
-     * ComparatorChain is "locked" after the first time compare(Object,Object)
+     * ComparatorChain is "locked" after the first time compare(Object, Object)
      * is called
      */
     private boolean isLocked;
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/MultiValueMap.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/MultiValueMap.java
index c1756e3fa9..f75d62389a 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/MultiValueMap.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/MultiValueMap.java
@@ -471,9 +471,9 @@ public boolean putAll(final K key, final Collection values) {
      * correctly handled.
      * 

      * If you call this method with a normal map, each entry is
-     * added using {@code put(Object,Object)}.
+     * added using {@code put(Object, Object)}.
      * If you call this method with a multi map, each entry is
-     * added using {@code putAll(Object,Collection)}.
+     * added using {@code putAll(Object, Collection)}.
      * 
      *
      * @param map  the map to copy (either a normal or multi map)

From c4ad5f53ad36fcb249fb7683e09d6127a9484dcd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Fri, 26 Dec 2025 16:14:42 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 12/53] Javadoc: Fix double the

---
 .../apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/LayerManager.java | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/LayerManager.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/LayerManager.java
index 1cb64ded8f..607bf0517a 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/LayerManager.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/LayerManager.java
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ public static > Consumer> noCleanup() {
         }
 
         /**
-         * Removes the earliest filters in the list when the the number of filters
+         * Removes the earliest filters in the list when the number of filters
          * exceeds maxSize.
          *
          * @param  Type of BloomFilter.
@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ public static > Builder builder() {
     /**
      * Constructs a new instance.
      *
-     * @param filterSupplier the non-null supplier of new Bloom filters to add the the list
+     * @param filterSupplier the non-null supplier of new Bloom filters to add the list
      *                       when necessary.
      * @param extendCheck    The non-null predicate that checks if a new filter should be
      *                       added to the list.

From fde741e259c9b9d37664303da01524aa2ab01abc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Sat, 27 Dec 2025 07:28:41 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 13/53] Javadoc Add missing @since

Better text
---
 .../commons/collections4/MultiMapUtils.java   | 28 ++++++++++---------
 1 file changed, 15 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/MultiMapUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/MultiMapUtils.java
index 82bebab7c8..226f1dc522 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/MultiMapUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/MultiMapUtils.java
@@ -159,21 +159,23 @@ public static  Set getValuesAsSet(final MultiValuedMap map, final
     }
 
     /**
-     * A utility method to invert the mappings from an input MultiValuedMap
-     * and add them to an output MultiValuedMap. Use this method to have complete
-     * control of the output MultiValuedMap or when merging several inverse mappings.
-     * In simple cases, consider just using the {@link MultiValuedMap#inverted()} method.
+     * Inverts the mappings from an input MultiValuedMap by adding entries to an output MultiValuedMap. The input is unchanged.
+     * 

+     * Use this method to have complete control of the output MultiValuedMap or when merging several inverse mappings. In simple cases, consider using
+     * {@link MultiValuedMap#inverted()} method.
+     * 
      *
-     * @param input take key-to-value mappings from here
-     * @param output add value-to-key mappings here
-     * @param  the output MultiValuedMap key type
-     * @param  the output MultiValuedMap value type
-     * @param  the output MultiValuedMap with key and value types reversed compared with input
-     * @return the updated output MultiValuedMap
+     * @param     the input value type and output key type.
+     * @param     the input key type and output value type.
+     * @param     the output MultiValuedMap type where {@code K} is the key type and {@code V} is the value type.
+     * @param input  The input key-value mappings of type {@code }.
+     * @param output The output value-key mappings of type {@code }.
+     * @return The updated output MultiValuedMap of type {@code }
+     * @see MultiValuedMap#inverted()
+     * @since 4.6.0
      */
-    public static >
-    M invert(MultiValuedMap input, M output) {
-        for (Map.Entry e : input.entries()) {
+    public static > M invert(final MultiValuedMap input, final M output) {
+        for (final Map.Entry e : input.entries()) {
             output.put(e.getValue(), e.getKey());
         }
         return output;

From 9b122c48770ef1c3403864a88006d864e66f6520 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Sat, 27 Dec 2025 07:28:51 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 14/53] Better exception message

---
 .../java/org/apache/commons/collections4/MultiValuedMap.java    | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/MultiValuedMap.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/MultiValuedMap.java
index 350e74e7e1..4264e6836a 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/MultiValuedMap.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/MultiValuedMap.java
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ public interface MultiValuedMap {
      * @return a new MultiValuedMap with inverted mappings
      */
     default MultiValuedMap inverted() {
-        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException(getClass() + ".inverted()");
     }
 
     /**

From 7f5cde16eddb67df2927abfb1ab3105cfba37b74 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Sebb 
Date: Sat, 27 Dec 2025 12:52:06 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 15/53] Add missing @since for inverted()

---
 .../java/org/apache/commons/collections4/MultiValuedMap.java     | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/MultiValuedMap.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/MultiValuedMap.java
index 4264e6836a..31ae1f005d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/MultiValuedMap.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/MultiValuedMap.java
@@ -146,6 +146,7 @@ public interface MultiValuedMap {
      * for each key-to-value mapping in the original.
      *
      * @return a new MultiValuedMap with inverted mappings
+     * @since 4.6.0
      */
     default MultiValuedMap inverted() {
         throw new UnsupportedOperationException(getClass() + ".inverted()");

From c292567c96daa9a48ae0eb7a33fbd907497457d5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Sebb 
Date: Sun, 28 Dec 2025 14:05:09 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 16/53] Suppress PMD false positive

---
 .../java/org/apache/commons/collections4/IterableUtils.java     | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/IterableUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/IterableUtils.java
index d36a1317a3..5a06d3fb08 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/IterableUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/IterableUtils.java
@@ -624,7 +624,7 @@ public Iterator iterator() {
                 return new LazyIteratorChain() {
                     @Override
                     protected Iterator nextIterator(final int count) {
-                        if (IterableUtils.isEmpty(iterable)) {
+                        if (IterableUtils.isEmpty(iterable)) { //NOPMD: qualifier is needed here
                             return null;
                         }
                         return iterable.iterator();

From f0cb3c97857f4b5bfe364d49f07e29d6931f2ad8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Mon, 29 Dec 2025 08:51:25 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 17/53] Bump notice file end year from 2025 to 2026

---
 NOTICE.txt | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/NOTICE.txt b/NOTICE.txt
index 518b76e2c9..8c3e93e4e8 100644
--- a/NOTICE.txt
+++ b/NOTICE.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 Apache Commons Collections
-Copyright 2001-2025 The Apache Software Foundation
+Copyright 2001-2026 The Apache Software Foundation
 
 This product includes software developed at
 The Apache Software Foundation (https://www.apache.org/).

From 561aab8132fc8b12077f22850402c272d8821268 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Tue, 30 Dec 2025 13:32:43 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 18/53] Javadoc typos

---
 .../commons/collections4/iterators/UniqueFilterIterator.java  | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/UniqueFilterIterator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/UniqueFilterIterator.java
index 88eadd41ca..7370b1bd57 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/UniqueFilterIterator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/UniqueFilterIterator.java
@@ -31,9 +31,9 @@
 public class UniqueFilterIterator extends FilterIterator {
 
     /**
-     *  Constructs a new {@code UniqueFilterIterator}.
+     * Constructs a new {@code UniqueFilterIterator}.
      *
-     *  @param iterator  the iterator to use
+     * @param iterator  the iterator to use
      */
     public UniqueFilterIterator(final Iterator iterator) {
         super(iterator, UniquePredicate.uniquePredicate());

From 84000199ea2a1c2e90761e4a96e3fdc9fcfe9694 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Tue, 30 Dec 2025 13:35:57 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 19/53] Javadoc

---
 .../comparators/NullComparator.java           | 146 +++++++++---------
 1 file changed, 71 insertions(+), 75 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/comparators/NullComparator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/comparators/NullComparator.java
index 882fc9fc50..b38c6203b1 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/comparators/NullComparator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/comparators/NullComparator.java
@@ -35,99 +35,96 @@ public class NullComparator implements Comparator, Serializable {
     private static final long serialVersionUID = -5820772575483504339L;
 
     /**
-     *  The comparator to use when comparing two non-{@code null} objects.
-     **/
+     * The comparator to use when comparing two non-{@code null} objects.
+     */
     private final Comparator nonNullComparator;
 
     /**
-     *  Specifies whether a {@code null} are compared as higher than
-     *  non-{@code null} objects.
-     **/
+     * Specifies whether a {@code null} are compared as higher than
+     * non-{@code null} objects.
+     */
     private final boolean nullsAreHigh;
 
     /**
-     *  Construct an instance that sorts {@code null} higher than any
-     *  non-{@code null} object it is compared with. When comparing two
-     *  non-{@code null} objects, the {@link ComparableComparator} is
-     *  used.
-     **/
+     * Construct an instance that sorts {@code null} higher than any
+     * non-{@code null} object it is compared with. When comparing two
+     * non-{@code null} objects, the {@link ComparableComparator} is
+     * used.
+     */
     public NullComparator() {
         this(ComparatorUtils.NATURAL_COMPARATOR, true);
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Construct an instance that sorts {@code null} higher or lower than
-     *  any non-{@code null} object it is compared with.  When comparing
-     *  two non-{@code null} objects, the {@link ComparableComparator} is
-     *  used.
+     * Construct an instance that sorts {@code null} higher or lower than
+     * any non-{@code null} object it is compared with.  When comparing
+     * two non-{@code null} objects, the {@link ComparableComparator} is
+     * used.
      *
-     *  @param nullsAreHigh a {@code true} value indicates that
-     *  {@code null} should be compared as higher than a
-     *  non-{@code null} object.  A {@code false} value indicates
-     *  that {@code null} should be compared as lower than a
-     *  non-{@code null} object.
-     **/
+     * @param nullsAreHigh a {@code true} value indicates that
+     * {@code null} should be compared as higher than a
+     * non-{@code null} object.  A {@code false} value indicates
+     * that {@code null} should be compared as lower than a
+     * non-{@code null} object.
+     */
     public NullComparator(final boolean nullsAreHigh) {
         this(ComparatorUtils.NATURAL_COMPARATOR, nullsAreHigh);
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Construct an instance that sorts {@code null} higher than any
-     *  non-{@code null} object it is compared with.  When comparing two
-     *  non-{@code null} objects, the specified {@link Comparator} is
-     *  used.
+     * Construct an instance that sorts {@code null} higher than any
+     * non-{@code null} object it is compared with.  When comparing two
+     * non-{@code null} objects, the specified {@link Comparator} is
+     * used.
      *
-     *  @param nonNullComparator the comparator to use when comparing two
-     *  non-{@code null} objects.  This argument cannot be
-     *  {@code null}
-     *
-     *  @throws NullPointerException if {@code nonNullComparator} is
-     *  {@code null}
-     **/
+     * @param nonNullComparator the comparator to use when comparing two
+     * non-{@code null} objects.  This argument cannot be
+     * {@code null}
+     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code nonNullComparator} is
+     * {@code null}
+     */
     public NullComparator(final Comparator nonNullComparator) {
         this(nonNullComparator, true);
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Construct an instance that sorts {@code null} higher or lower than
-     *  any non-{@code null} object it is compared with.  When comparing
-     *  two non-{@code null} objects, the specified {@link Comparator} is
-     *  used.
-     *
-     *  @param nonNullComparator the comparator to use when comparing two
-     *  non-{@code null} objects. This argument cannot be
-     *  {@code null}
+     * Construct an instance that sorts {@code null} higher or lower than
+     * any non-{@code null} object it is compared with.  When comparing
+     * two non-{@code null} objects, the specified {@link Comparator} is
+     * used.
      *
-     *  @param nullsAreHigh a {@code true} value indicates that
-     *  {@code null} should be compared as higher than a
-     *  non-{@code null} object.  A {@code false} value indicates
-     *  that {@code null} should be compared as lower than a
-     *  non-{@code null} object.
-     *
-     *  @throws NullPointerException if {@code nonNullComparator} is
-     *  {@code null}
-     **/
+     * @param nonNullComparator the comparator to use when comparing two
+     * non-{@code null} objects. This argument cannot be
+     * {@code null}
+     * @param nullsAreHigh a {@code true} value indicates that
+     * {@code null} should be compared as higher than a
+     * non-{@code null} object.  A {@code false} value indicates
+     * that {@code null} should be compared as lower than a
+     * non-{@code null} object.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code nonNullComparator} is
+     * {@code null}
+     */
     public NullComparator(final Comparator nonNullComparator, final boolean nullsAreHigh) {
         this.nonNullComparator = Objects.requireNonNull(nonNullComparator, "nonNullComparator");
         this.nullsAreHigh = nullsAreHigh;
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Perform a comparison between two objects.  If both objects are
-     *  {@code null}, a {@code 0} value is returned.  If one object
-     *  is {@code null} and the other is not, the result is determined on
-     *  whether the Comparator was constructed to have nulls as higher or lower
-     *  than other objects.  If neither object is {@code null}, an
-     *  underlying comparator specified in the constructor (or the default) is
-     *  used to compare the non-{@code null} objects.
+     * Perform a comparison between two objects.  If both objects are
+     * {@code null}, a {@code 0} value is returned.  If one object
+     * is {@code null} and the other is not, the result is determined on
+     * whether the Comparator was constructed to have nulls as higher or lower
+     * than other objects.  If neither object is {@code null}, an
+     * underlying comparator specified in the constructor (or the default) is
+     * used to compare the non-{@code null} objects.
      *
-     *  @param o1  the first object to compare
-     *  @param o2  the object to compare it to.
-     *  @return {@code -1} if {@code o1} is "lower" than (less than,
-     *  before, etc.) {@code o2}; {@code 1} if {@code o1} is
-     *  "higher" than (greater than, after, etc.) {@code o2}; or
-     *  {@code 0} if {@code o1} and {@code o2} are equal.
-     **/
+     * @param o1  the first object to compare
+     * @param o2  the object to compare it to.
+     * @return {@code -1} if {@code o1} is "lower" than (less than,
+     * before, etc.) {@code o2}; {@code 1} if {@code o1} is
+     * "higher" than (greater than, after, etc.) {@code o2}; or
+     * {@code 0} if {@code o1} and {@code o2} are equal.
+     */
     @Override
     public int compare(final E o1, final E o2) {
         if (o1 == o2) {
@@ -143,16 +140,15 @@ public int compare(final E o1, final E o2) {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Determines whether the specified object represents a comparator that is
-     *  equal to this comparator.
-     *
-     *  @param obj  the object to compare this comparator with.
+     * Determines whether the specified object represents a comparator that is
+     * equal to this comparator.
      *
-     *  @return {@code true} if the specified object is a NullComparator
-     *  with equivalent {@code null} comparison behavior
-     *  (i.e. {@code null} high or low) and with equivalent underlying
-     *  non-{@code null} object comparators.
-     **/
+     * @param obj  the object to compare this comparator with.
+     * @return {@code true} if the specified object is a NullComparator
+     * with equivalent {@code null} comparison behavior
+     * (i.e. {@code null} high or low) and with equivalent underlying
+     * non-{@code null} object comparators.
+     */
     @Override
     public boolean equals(final Object obj) {
         if (obj == null) {
@@ -172,11 +168,11 @@ public boolean equals(final Object obj) {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Implement a hash code for this comparator that is consistent with
-     *  {@link #equals(Object)}.
+     * Implement a hash code for this comparator that is consistent with
+     * {@link #equals(Object)}.
      *
-     *  @return a hash code for this comparator.
-     **/
+     * @return a hash code for this comparator.
+     */
     @Override
     public int hashCode() {
         return (nullsAreHigh ? -1 : 1) * nonNullComparator.hashCode();

From 8831944e5c176688a89d6cfbded8dbe1951cc8a7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Tue, 30 Dec 2025 13:39:38 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 20/53] Javadoc

---
 .../collection/AbstractCollectionTest.java    | 208 +++++++++---------
 .../collections4/list/AbstractListTest.java   | 106 ++++-----
 2 files changed, 158 insertions(+), 156 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/collection/AbstractCollectionTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/collection/AbstractCollectionTest.java
index bec79c3e09..425b83b007 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/collection/AbstractCollectionTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/collection/AbstractCollectionTest.java
@@ -261,45 +261,45 @@ private static void assertUnorderedArrayEquals(final Object[] a1, final Object[]
     }
 
     /**
-     *  A collection instance that will be used for testing.
+     * A collection instance that will be used for testing.
      */
     private Collection collection;
 
     /**
-     *  Confirmed collection.  This is an instance of a collection that is
-     *  confirmed to conform exactly to the java.util.Collection contract.
-     *  Modification operations are tested by performing a mod on your
-     *  collection, performing the exact same mod on an equivalent confirmed
-     *  collection, and then calling verify() to make sure your collection
-     *  still matches the confirmed collection.
+     * Confirmed collection.  This is an instance of a collection that is
+     * confirmed to conform exactly to the java.util.Collection contract.
+     * Modification operations are tested by performing a mod on your
+     * collection, performing the exact same mod on an equivalent confirmed
+     * collection, and then calling verify() to make sure your collection
+     * still matches the confirmed collection.
      */
     private Collection confirmed;
 
     /**
-     *  Specifies whether equal elements in the collection are, in fact,
-     *  distinguishable with information not readily available.
-     *  

-     *  If a particular value is to be removed from the collection, then there is
-     *  one and only one value that can be removed, even if there are other
-     *  elements which are equal to it.
-     *  
-     *  

-     *  In most collection cases, elements are not distinguishable (equal is
-     *  equal), thus this method defaults to return false.  In some cases,
-     *  however, they are.  For example, the collection returned from the map's
-     *  values() collection view are backed by the map, so while there may be
-     *  two values that are equal, their associated keys are not.  Since the
-     *  keys are distinguishable, the values are.
-     *  
-     *  

-     *  This flag is used to skip some verifications for iterator.remove()
-     *  where it is impossible to perform an equivalent modification on the
-     *  confirmed collection because it is not possible to determine which
-     *  value in the confirmed collection to actually remove.  Tests that
-     *  override the default (i.e. where equal elements are distinguishable),
-     *  should provide additional tests on iterator.remove() to make sure the
-     *  proper elements are removed when remove() is called on the iterator.
-     *  
+     * Specifies whether equal elements in the collection are, in fact,
+     * distinguishable with information not readily available.
+     * 

+     * If a particular value is to be removed from the collection, then there is
+     * one and only one value that can be removed, even if there are other
+     * elements which are equal to it.
+     * 
+     * 

+     * In most collection cases, elements are not distinguishable (equal is
+     * equal), thus this method defaults to return false.  In some cases,
+     * however, they are.  For example, the collection returned from the map's
+     * values() collection view are backed by the map, so while there may be
+     * two values that are equal, their associated keys are not.  Since the
+     * keys are distinguishable, the values are.
+     * 
+     * 

+     * This flag is used to skip some verifications for iterator.remove()
+     * where it is impossible to perform an equivalent modification on the
+     * confirmed collection because it is not possible to determine which
+     * value in the confirmed collection to actually remove.  Tests that
+     * override the default (i.e. where equal elements are distinguishable),
+     * should provide additional tests on iterator.remove() to make sure the
+     * proper elements are removed when remove() is called on the iterator.
+     * 
      */
     public boolean areEqualElementsDistinguishable() {
         return false;
@@ -323,18 +323,18 @@ public Collection getConfirmed() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Returns an array of objects that are contained in a collection
-     *  produced by {@link #makeFullCollection()}.
-     *  

-     *  Every element in the returned array must be an element in a full collection.
-     *  
-     *  

-     *  The default implementation returns a heterogeneous array of
-     *  objects with some duplicates. null is added if allowed.
-     *  Override if you require specific testing elements.  Note that if you
-     *  override {@link #makeFullCollection()}, you must override
-     *  this method to reflect the contents of a full collection.
-     *  

+     * Returns an array of objects that are contained in a collection
+     * produced by {@link #makeFullCollection()}.
+     * 

+     * Every element in the returned array must be an element in a full collection.
+     * 
+     * 

+     * The default implementation returns a heterogeneous array of
+     * objects with some duplicates. null is added if allowed.
+     * Override if you require specific testing elements.  Note that if you
+     * override {@link #makeFullCollection()}, you must override
+     * this method to reflect the contents of a full collection.
+     * 

      */
     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
     public E[] getFullElements() {
@@ -347,12 +347,12 @@ public E[] getFullElements() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Returns a list of elements suitable for return by
-     *  {@link #getFullElements()}.  The array returned by this method
-     *  does not include null, but does include a variety of objects
-     *  of different types.  Override getFullElements to return
-     *  the results of this method if your collection does not support
-     *  the null element.
+     * Returns a list of elements suitable for return by
+     * {@link #getFullElements()}.  The array returned by this method
+     * does not include null, but does include a variety of objects
+     * of different types.  Override getFullElements to return
+     * the results of this method if your collection does not support
+     * the null element.
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
     public E[] getFullNonNullElements() {
@@ -379,10 +379,10 @@ public E[] getFullNonNullElements() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Returns a list of string elements suitable for return by
-     *  {@link #getFullElements()}.  Override getFullElements to return
-     *  the results of this method if your collection does not support
-     *  heterogeneous elements or the null element.
+     * Returns a list of string elements suitable for return by
+     * {@link #getFullElements()}.  Override getFullElements to return
+     * the results of this method if your collection does not support
+     * heterogeneous elements or the null element.
      */
     public Object[] getFullNonNullStringElements() {
         return new Object[] {
@@ -404,22 +404,22 @@ protected int getIterationBehaviour() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Returns an array of elements that are not contained in a
-     *  full collection.  Every element in the returned array must
-     *  not exist in a collection returned by {@link #makeFullCollection()}.
-     *  The default implementation returns a heterogeneous array of elements
-     *  without null.  Note that some of the tests add these elements
-     *  to an empty or full collection, so if your collection restricts
-     *  certain kinds of elements, you should override this method.
+     * Returns an array of elements that are not contained in a
+     * full collection.  Every element in the returned array must
+     * not exist in a collection returned by {@link #makeFullCollection()}.
+     * The default implementation returns a heterogeneous array of elements
+     * without null.  Note that some of the tests add these elements
+     * to an empty or full collection, so if your collection restricts
+     * certain kinds of elements, you should override this method.
      */
     public E[] getOtherElements() {
         return getOtherNonNullElements();
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Returns the default list of objects returned by
-     *  {@link #getOtherElements()}.  Includes many objects
-     *  of different types.
+     * Returns the default list of objects returned by
+     * {@link #getOtherElements()}.  Includes many objects
+     * of different types.
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
     public E[] getOtherNonNullElements() {
@@ -437,10 +437,10 @@ public E[] getOtherNonNullElements() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Returns a list of string elements suitable for return by
-     *  {@link #getOtherElements()}.  Override getOtherElements to return
-     *  the results of this method if your collection does not support
-     *  heterogeneous elements or the null element.
+     * Returns a list of string elements suitable for return by
+     * {@link #getOtherElements()}.  Override getOtherElements to return
+     * the results of this method if your collection does not support
+     * heterogeneous elements or the null element.
      */
     public Object[] getOtherNonNullStringElements() {
         return new Object[] {
@@ -450,14 +450,14 @@ public Object[] getOtherNonNullStringElements() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Returns true if the collections produced by
-     *  {@link #makeObject()} and {@link #makeFullCollection()}
-     *  support the {@code add} and {@code addAll}
-     *  operations.
-     *  

-     *  Default implementation returns true.  Override if your collection
-     *  class does not support add or addAll.
-     *  
+     * Returns true if the collections produced by
+     * {@link #makeObject()} and {@link #makeFullCollection()}
+     * support the {@code add} and {@code addAll}
+     * operations.
+     * 

+     * Default implementation returns true.  Override if your collection
+     * class does not support add or addAll.
+     * 
      */
     public boolean isAddSupported() {
         return true;
@@ -489,44 +489,44 @@ public boolean isNullSupported() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Returns true if the collections produced by
-     *  {@link #makeObject()} and {@link #makeFullCollection()}
-     *  support the {@code remove}, {@code removeAll},
-     *  {@code retainAll}, {@code clear} and
-     *  {@code iterator().remove()} methods.
-     *  Default implementation returns true.  Override if your collection
-     *  class does not support removal operations.
+     * Returns true if the collections produced by
+     * {@link #makeObject()} and {@link #makeFullCollection()}
+     * support the {@code remove}, {@code removeAll},
+     * {@code retainAll}, {@code clear} and
+     * {@code iterator().remove()} methods.
+     * Default implementation returns true.  Override if your collection
+     * class does not support removal operations.
      */
     public boolean isRemoveSupported() {
         return true;
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Returns a confirmed empty collection.
-     *  For instance, an {@link java.util.ArrayList} for lists or a
-     *  {@link java.util.HashSet} for sets.
+     * Returns a confirmed empty collection.
+     * For instance, an {@link java.util.ArrayList} for lists or a
+     * {@link java.util.HashSet} for sets.
      *
-     *  @return a confirmed empty collection
+     * @return a confirmed empty collection
      */
     public abstract Collection makeConfirmedCollection();
 
     /**
-     *  Returns a confirmed full collection.
-     *  For instance, an {@link java.util.ArrayList} for lists or a
-     *  {@link java.util.HashSet} for sets.  The returned collection
-     *  should contain the elements returned by {@link #getFullElements()}.
+     * Returns a confirmed full collection.
+     * For instance, an {@link java.util.ArrayList} for lists or a
+     * {@link java.util.HashSet} for sets.  The returned collection
+     * should contain the elements returned by {@link #getFullElements()}.
      *
-     *  @return a confirmed full collection
+     * @return a confirmed full collection
      */
     public abstract Collection makeConfirmedFullCollection();
 
     /**
-     *  Returns a full collection to be used for testing.  The collection
-     *  returned by this method should contain every element returned by
-     *  {@link #getFullElements()}.  The default implementation, in fact,
-     *  simply invokes {@code addAll} on an empty collection with
-     *  the results of {@link #getFullElements()}.  Override this default
-     *  if your collection doesn't support addAll.
+     * Returns a full collection to be used for testing.  The collection
+     * returned by this method should contain every element returned by
+     * {@link #getFullElements()}.  The default implementation, in fact,
+     * simply invokes {@code addAll} on an empty collection with
+     * the results of {@link #getFullElements()}.  Override this default
+     * if your collection doesn't support addAll.
      */
     public Collection makeFullCollection() {
         final Collection c = makeObject();
@@ -541,9 +541,9 @@ public Collection makeFullCollection() {
     public abstract Collection makeObject();
 
     /**
-     *  Resets the {@link #collection} and {@link #confirmed} fields to empty
-     *  collections.  Invoke this method before performing a modification
-     *  test.
+     * Resets the {@link #collection} and {@link #confirmed} fields to empty
+     * collections.  Invoke this method before performing a modification
+     * test.
      */
     public void resetEmpty() {
         this.setCollection(makeObject());
@@ -551,9 +551,9 @@ public void resetEmpty() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Resets the {@link #collection} and {@link #confirmed} fields to full
-     *  collections.  Invoke this method before performing a modification
-     *  test.
+     * Resets the {@link #collection} and {@link #confirmed} fields to full
+     * collections.  Invoke this method before performing a modification
+     * test.
      */
     public void resetFull() {
         this.setCollection(makeFullCollection());
@@ -562,6 +562,7 @@ public void resetFull() {
 
     /**
      * Sets the collection.
+     *
      * @param collection the Collection to set
      */
     public void setCollection(final Collection collection) {
@@ -570,6 +571,7 @@ public void setCollection(final Collection collection) {
 
     /**
      * Sets the confirmed.
+     *
      * @param confirmed the Collection to set
      */
     public void setConfirmed(final Collection confirmed) {
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/AbstractListTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/AbstractListTest.java
index 839b82d42e..f1dad5c1b6 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/AbstractListTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/AbstractListTest.java
@@ -167,10 +167,10 @@ public boolean supportsSet() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Traverses to the beginning of the given iterator.
+     * Traverses to the beginning of the given iterator.
      *
-     *  @param iter  the iterator to traverse
-     *  @param i     the starting index
+     * @param iter  the iterator to traverse
+     * @param i     the starting index
      */
     private void backwardTest(final ListIterator iter, int i) {
         final List list = getCollection();
@@ -203,14 +203,14 @@ public BulkTest bulkTestListIterator() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Returns a {@link BulkTest} for testing {@link List#subList(int,int)}.
-     *  The returned bulk test will run through every {@code TestList}
-     *  method, including another {@code bulkTestSubList}.
-     *  Sublists are tested until the size of the sublist is less than 10.
-     *  Each sublist is 6 elements smaller than its parent list.
-     *  (By default this means that two rounds of sublists will be tested).
-     *  The verify() method is overloaded to test that the original list is
-     *  modified when the sublist is.
+     * Returns a {@link BulkTest} for testing {@link List#subList(int,int)}.
+     * The returned bulk test will run through every {@code TestList}
+     * method, including another {@code bulkTestSubList}.
+     * Sublists are tested until the size of the sublist is less than 10.
+     * Each sublist is 6 elements smaller than its parent list.
+     * (By default this means that two rounds of sublists will be tested).
+     * The verify() method is overloaded to test that the original list is
+     * modified when the sublist is.
      */
     public BulkTest bulkTestSubList() {
         if (getFullElements().length - 6 < 10) {
@@ -271,10 +271,10 @@ protected void failFastMethod(final List list, final Method m) {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Traverses to the end of the given iterator.
+     * Traverses to the end of the given iterator.
      *
-     *  @param iter  the iterator to traverse
-     *  @param i     the starting index
+     * @param iter  the iterator to traverse
+     * @param i     the starting index
      */
     private void forwardTest(final ListIterator iter, int i) {
         final List list = getCollection();
@@ -328,11 +328,11 @@ public boolean isEqualsCheckable() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Returns true if the collections produced by
-     *  {@link #makeObject()} and {@link #makeFullCollection()}
-     *  support the set operation.

-     *  Default implementation returns true.  Override if your collection
-     *  class does not support set.
+     * Returns true if the collections produced by
+     * {@link #makeObject()} and {@link #makeFullCollection()}
+     * support the set operation.

+     * Default implementation returns true.  Override if your collection
+     * class does not support set.
      */
     public boolean isSetSupported() {
         return true;
@@ -458,7 +458,7 @@ void testFullListSerialization() throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Tests {@link List#add(int,Object)}.
+     * Tests {@link List#add(int,Object)}.
      */
     @Test
     void testListAddByIndex() {
@@ -478,8 +478,8 @@ void testListAddByIndex() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Tests bounds checking for {@link List#add(int, Object)} on an
-     *  empty list.
+     * Tests bounds checking for {@link List#add(int, Object)} on an
+     * empty list.
      */
     @Test
     void testListAddByIndexBoundsChecking() {
@@ -507,8 +507,8 @@ void testListAddByIndexBoundsChecking() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Tests bounds checking for {@link List#add(int, Object)} on a
-     *  full list.
+     * Tests bounds checking for {@link List#add(int, Object)} on a
+     * full list.
      */
     @Test
     void testListAddByIndexBoundsChecking2() {
@@ -536,7 +536,7 @@ void testListAddByIndexBoundsChecking2() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Tests {@link List#equals(Object)}.
+     * Tests {@link List#equals(Object)}.
      */
     @Test
     void testListEquals() {
@@ -607,7 +607,7 @@ public int size() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Tests {@link List#get(int)}.
+     * Tests {@link List#get(int)}.
      */
     @Test
     void testListGetByIndex() {
@@ -621,8 +621,8 @@ void testListGetByIndex() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Tests bounds checking for {@link List#get(int)} on an
-     *  empty list.
+     * Tests bounds checking for {@link List#get(int)} on an
+     * empty list.
      */
     @Test
     void testListGetByIndexBoundsChecking() {
@@ -645,8 +645,8 @@ void testListGetByIndexBoundsChecking() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Tests bounds checking for {@link List#get(int)} on a
-     *  full list.
+     * Tests bounds checking for {@link List#get(int)} on a
+     * full list.
      */
     @Test
     void testListGetByIndexBoundsChecking2() {
@@ -666,7 +666,7 @@ void testListGetByIndexBoundsChecking2() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Tests {@link List#hashCode()}.
+     * Tests {@link List#hashCode()}.
      */
     @Test
     void testListHashCode() {
@@ -684,7 +684,7 @@ void testListHashCode() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Tests {@link List#indexOf}.
+     * Tests {@link List#indexOf}.
      */
     @Test
     void testListIndexOf() {
@@ -707,8 +707,8 @@ void testListIndexOf() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Tests the {@link ListIterator#add(Object)} method of the list
-     *  iterator.
+     * Tests the {@link ListIterator#add(Object)} method of the list
+     * iterator.
      */
     @Test
     void testListIteratorAdd() {
@@ -743,8 +743,8 @@ void testListIteratorAdd() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Tests the {@link ListIterator#set(Object)} method of the list
-     *  iterator.
+     * Tests the {@link ListIterator#set(Object)} method of the list
+     * iterator.
      */
     @Test
     void testListIteratorSet() {
@@ -767,7 +767,7 @@ void testListIteratorSet() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Tests {@link List#lastIndexOf}.
+     * Tests {@link List#lastIndexOf}.
      */
     @Test
     void testListLastIndexOf() {
@@ -790,7 +790,7 @@ void testListLastIndexOf() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Tests the read-only bits of {@link List#listIterator()}.
+     * Tests the read-only bits of {@link List#listIterator()}.
      */
     @Test
     void testListListIterator() {
@@ -800,7 +800,7 @@ void testListListIterator() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Tests the read-only bits of {@link List#listIterator(int)}.
+     * Tests the read-only bits of {@link List#listIterator(int)}.
      */
     @Test
     void testListListIteratorByIndex() {
@@ -945,7 +945,7 @@ void testListListIteratorPreviousRemovePrevious() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Tests {@link List#remove(int)}.
+     * Tests {@link List#remove(int)}.
      */
     @Test
     void testListRemoveByIndex() {
@@ -964,8 +964,8 @@ void testListRemoveByIndex() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Tests bounds checking for {@link List#remove(int)} on an
-     *  empty list.
+     * Tests bounds checking for {@link List#remove(int)} on an
+     * empty list.
      */
     @Test
     void testListRemoveByIndexBoundsChecking() {
@@ -992,8 +992,8 @@ void testListRemoveByIndexBoundsChecking() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Tests bounds checking for {@link List#remove(int)} on a
-     *  full list.
+     * Tests bounds checking for {@link List#remove(int)} on a
+     * full list.
      */
     @Test
     void testListRemoveByIndexBoundsChecking2() {
@@ -1017,7 +1017,7 @@ void testListRemoveByIndexBoundsChecking2() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Test {@link List#set(int,Object)}.
+     * Test {@link List#set(int,Object)}.
      */
     @Test
     void testListSetByIndex() {
@@ -1039,8 +1039,8 @@ void testListSetByIndex() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Tests bounds checking for {@link List#set(int,Object)} on an
-     *  empty list.
+     * Tests bounds checking for {@link List#set(int,Object)} on an
+     * empty list.
      */
     @Test
     void testListSetByIndexBoundsChecking() {
@@ -1068,8 +1068,8 @@ void testListSetByIndexBoundsChecking() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Tests bounds checking for {@link List#set(int,Object)} on a
-     *  full list.
+     * Tests bounds checking for {@link List#set(int,Object)} on a
+     * full list.
      */
     @Test
     void testListSetByIndexBoundsChecking2() {
@@ -1169,8 +1169,8 @@ void testListSubListFailFastOnRemove() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  If {@link #isSetSupported()} returns false, tests that set operation
-     *  raises UnsupportedOperationException.
+     * If {@link #isSetSupported()} returns false, tests that set operation
+     * raises UnsupportedOperationException.
      */
     @Test
     void testUnsupportedSet() {
@@ -1187,8 +1187,8 @@ void testUnsupportedSet() {
     }
 
     /**
-     *  Verifies that the test list implementation matches the confirmed list
-     *  implementation.
+     * Verifies that the test list implementation matches the confirmed list
+     * implementation.
      */
     @Override
     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")

From 879d274971eceb8aace62f44ce6201516ac53038 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Wed, 31 Dec 2025 17:41:48 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 21/53] Javadoc: Empty Javadoc line before the 1st tag.

---
 .../apache/commons/collections4/CollectionUtils.java  |  6 ++++++
 .../apache/commons/collections4/FluentIterable.java   |  1 +
 .../apache/commons/collections4/IteratorUtils.java    |  1 +
 .../org/apache/commons/collections4/ListUtils.java    |  1 +
 .../org/apache/commons/collections4/SetUtils.java     |  2 ++
 .../apache/commons/collections4/SortedBidiMap.java    |  1 +
 .../collections4/bag/AbstractBagDecorator.java        |  1 +
 .../commons/collections4/bag/AbstractMapBag.java      |  2 ++
 .../collections4/bag/AbstractSortedBagDecorator.java  |  1 +
 .../commons/collections4/bag/SynchronizedBag.java     |  1 +
 .../collections4/bidimap/AbstractDualBidiMap.java     |  5 +++++
 .../commons/collections4/bidimap/DualTreeBidiMap.java |  2 ++
 .../commons/collections4/bidimap/TreeBidiMap.java     |  2 ++
 .../collections4/bloomfilter/BitMapExtractor.java     |  1 +
 .../commons/collections4/bloomfilter/BloomFilter.java |  1 +
 .../collections4/bloomfilter/CountingBloomFilter.java |  2 ++
 .../commons/collections4/bloomfilter/IndexFilter.java |  3 +++
 .../collections4/bloomfilter/LayerManager.java        |  1 +
 .../collection/AbstractCollectionDecorator.java       |  1 +
 .../collections4/collection/CompositeCollection.java  | 11 +++++++++++
 .../collections4/iterators/BoundedIterator.java       |  1 +
 .../collections4/iterators/EmptyMapIterator.java      |  2 ++
 .../iterators/EmptyOrderedMapIterator.java            |  2 ++
 .../collections4/iterators/FilterListIterator.java    |  2 ++
 .../collections4/iterators/PermutationIterator.java   |  3 +++
 .../collections4/iterators/SingletonListIterator.java |  1 +
 .../commons/collections4/keyvalue/MultiKey.java       |  2 ++
 .../collections4/list/AbstractListDecorator.java      |  1 +
 .../collections4/map/AbstractMapDecorator.java        |  1 +
 .../collections4/map/AbstractOrderedMapDecorator.java |  1 +
 .../collections4/map/AbstractReferenceMap.java        |  2 ++
 .../collections4/map/AbstractSortedMapDecorator.java  |  2 ++
 .../map/EntrySetToMapIteratorAdapter.java             |  2 ++
 .../collections4/multimap/AbstractListValuedMap.java  |  1 +
 .../collections4/multimap/AbstractSetValuedMap.java   |  1 +
 .../collections4/multiset/AbstractMapMultiSet.java    |  4 ++++
 .../collections4/multiset/SynchronizedMultiSet.java   |  1 +
 .../collections4/set/AbstractSetDecorator.java        |  1 +
 .../collections4/set/AbstractSortedSetDecorator.java  |  1 +
 .../apache/commons/collections4/set/CompositeSet.java |  3 +++
 .../splitmap/AbstractIterableGetMapDecorator.java     |  2 ++
 .../collections4/trie/AbstractBitwiseTrie.java        |  1 +
 .../collections4/trie/analyzer/StringKeyAnalyzer.java |  1 +
 43 files changed, 84 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/CollectionUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/CollectionUtils.java
index 2ba14cc76e..9cc1b80e60 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/CollectionUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/CollectionUtils.java
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ public class CollectionUtils {
 
     /**
      * Helper class to easily access cardinality properties of two collections.
+     *
      * @param   the element type
      */
     private static class CardinalityHelper {
@@ -169,6 +170,7 @@ public int hashCode() {
 
     /**
      * Helper class for set-related operations, for example union, subtract, intersection.
+     *
      * @param   the element type
      */
     private static final class SetOperationCardinalityHelper extends CardinalityHelper implements Iterable {
@@ -181,6 +183,7 @@ private static final class SetOperationCardinalityHelper extends CardinalityH
 
         /**
          * Create a new set operation helper from the two collections.
+         *
          * @param a  the first collection
          * @param b  the second collection
          */
@@ -200,6 +203,7 @@ public Iterator iterator() {
 
         /**
          * Returns the resulting collection.
+         *
          * @return the result
          */
         public Collection list() {
@@ -208,6 +212,7 @@ public Collection list() {
 
         /**
          * Add the object {@code count} times to the result collection.
+         *
          * @param obj  the object to add
          * @param count  the count
          */
@@ -373,6 +378,7 @@ public static  int cardinality(final O obj, final Iterable collect
 
     /**
      * Ensures an index is not negative.
+     *
      * @param index the index to check.
      * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if the index is negative.
      */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/FluentIterable.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/FluentIterable.java
index e58ad1e281..77523d3596 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/FluentIterable.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/FluentIterable.java
@@ -138,6 +138,7 @@ public static  FluentIterable of(final T... elements) {
 
     /**
      * Create a new FluentIterable by wrapping the provided iterable.
+     *
      * @param iterable  the iterable to wrap
      */
     private FluentIterable(final Iterable iterable) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/IteratorUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/IteratorUtils.java
index 41858a7af8..cf27afb197 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/IteratorUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/IteratorUtils.java
@@ -759,6 +759,7 @@ private static  E find(final Iterator iterator, final Predicate
      * The Iterator is advanced to {@code 0} (or to the end, if
      * {@code 0} exceeds the number of entries) as a side effect of this method.
      * 

+     *
      * @param  the type of object in the {@link Iterator}
      * @param iterator the iterator to get a value from
      * @return the first object
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/ListUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/ListUtils.java
index 1fb90acc69..7d658cb434 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/ListUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/ListUtils.java
@@ -96,6 +96,7 @@ public void visitKeepCommand(final E object) {
 
     /**
      * Provides a partition view on a {@link List}.
+     *
      * @since 4.0
      */
     private static final class Partition extends AbstractList> {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/SetUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/SetUtils.java
index bc375cfe4a..a6029f9d15 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/SetUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/SetUtils.java
@@ -81,6 +81,7 @@ public > void copyInto(final S set) {
         /**
          * Return an iterator for this view; the returned iterator is
          * not required to be unmodifiable.
+         *
          * @return a new iterator for this view
          */
         protected abstract Iterator createIterator();
@@ -644,6 +645,7 @@ public static  SortedSet unmodifiableNavigableSet(final NavigableSet se
     /**
      * Creates an unmodifiable set from the given items. If the passed var-args argument is {@code
      * null}, then the method returns {@code null}.
+     *
      * @param  the element type
      * @param items the elements that make up the new set
      * @return a set
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/SortedBidiMap.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/SortedBidiMap.java
index 5d175aaf08..72cd7e779c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/SortedBidiMap.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/SortedBidiMap.java
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ public interface SortedBidiMap extends OrderedBidiMap, SortedMap valueComparator();
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bag/AbstractBagDecorator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bag/AbstractBagDecorator.java
index ea94dd2012..a932fcff2c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bag/AbstractBagDecorator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bag/AbstractBagDecorator.java
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractBagDecorator
 
     /**
      * Constructor only used in deserialization, do not use otherwise.
+     *
      * @since 3.1
      */
     protected AbstractBagDecorator() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bag/AbstractMapBag.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bag/AbstractMapBag.java
index 4619afc92d..f64d19c933 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bag/AbstractMapBag.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bag/AbstractMapBag.java
@@ -121,6 +121,7 @@ protected static class MutableInteger {
 
         /**
          * Constructs a new instance.
+         *
          * @param value the initial value
          */
         MutableInteger(final int value) {
@@ -479,6 +480,7 @@ public boolean removeAll(final Collection coll) {
     /**
      * Remove any members of the bag that are not in the given bag, respecting
      * cardinality.
+     *
      * @see #retainAll(Collection)
      * @param other the bag to retain
      * @return {@code true} if this call changed the collection
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bag/AbstractSortedBagDecorator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bag/AbstractSortedBagDecorator.java
index d73a5569b0..723fc65f9e 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bag/AbstractSortedBagDecorator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bag/AbstractSortedBagDecorator.java
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractSortedBagDecorator
 
     /**
      * Constructor only used in deserialization, do not use otherwise.
+     *
      * @since 3.1
      */
     protected AbstractSortedBagDecorator() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bag/SynchronizedBag.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bag/SynchronizedBag.java
index 1313f1cc62..5990e1a830 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bag/SynchronizedBag.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bag/SynchronizedBag.java
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ final class SynchronizedBagSet extends SynchronizedCollection implements Set<
 
         /**
          * Constructs a new instance.
+         *
          * @param set  the set to decorate
          * @param lock  the lock to use, shared with the bag
          */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bidimap/AbstractDualBidiMap.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bidimap/AbstractDualBidiMap.java
index 67c20c236c..f22501b846 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bidimap/AbstractDualBidiMap.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bidimap/AbstractDualBidiMap.java
@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ protected static class BidiMapIterator implements MapIterator, Reset
 
         /**
          * Constructs a new instance.
+         *
          * @param parent  the parent map
          */
         protected BidiMapIterator(final AbstractDualBidiMap parent) {
@@ -210,6 +211,7 @@ protected static class EntrySetIterator extends AbstractIteratorDecorator<
 
         /**
          * Constructs a new instance.
+         *
          * @param iterator  the iterator to decorate
          * @param parent  the parent map
          */
@@ -298,6 +300,7 @@ protected static class KeySetIterator extends AbstractIteratorDecorator {
 
         /**
          * Constructs a new instance.
+         *
          * @param iterator  the iterator to decorate
          * @param parent  the parent map
          */
@@ -339,6 +342,7 @@ protected static class MapEntry extends AbstractMapEntryDecorator {
 
         /**
          * Constructs a new instance.
+         *
          * @param entry  the entry to decorate
          * @param parent  the parent map
          */
@@ -419,6 +423,7 @@ protected static class ValuesIterator extends AbstractIteratorDecorator {
 
         /**
          * Constructs a new instance.
+         *
          * @param iterator  the iterator to decorate
          * @param parent  the parent map
          */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bidimap/DualTreeBidiMap.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bidimap/DualTreeBidiMap.java
index f539081ca4..e897be87b2 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bidimap/DualTreeBidiMap.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bidimap/DualTreeBidiMap.java
@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ protected static class BidiOrderedMapIterator implements OrderedMapIterato
 
         /**
          * Constructs a new instance.
+         *
          * @param parent  the parent map
          */
         protected BidiOrderedMapIterator(final AbstractDualBidiMap parent) {
@@ -174,6 +175,7 @@ public String toString() {
     protected static class ViewMap extends AbstractSortedMapDecorator {
         /**
          * Constructs a new instance.
+         *
          * @param bidi  the parent bidi map
          * @param sm  the subMap sorted map
          */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bidimap/TreeBidiMap.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bidimap/TreeBidiMap.java
index c7ed23ff94..2524c11a96 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bidimap/TreeBidiMap.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bidimap/TreeBidiMap.java
@@ -95,6 +95,7 @@ abstract class AbstractView extends AbstractSet {
 
         /**
          * Constructs a new instance.
+         *
          * @param orderType  the KEY or VALUE int for the order
          */
         AbstractView(final DataElement orderType) {
@@ -130,6 +131,7 @@ abstract class AbstractViewIterator {
 
         /**
          * Constructs a new instance.
+         *
          * @param orderType  the KEY or VALUE int for the order
          */
         AbstractViewIterator(final DataElement orderType) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/BitMapExtractor.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/BitMapExtractor.java
index 886a43057b..fcb101e757 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/BitMapExtractor.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/BitMapExtractor.java
@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ static BitMapExtractor fromIndexExtractor(final IndexExtractor extractor, final
      * The default implementation of this method is slow. It is recommended
      * that implementing classes reimplement this method.
      * 

+     *
      * @return An array of bit map data.
      */
     default long[] asBitMapArray() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/BloomFilter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/BloomFilter.java
index 7f89b26e91..b006e5317c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/BloomFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/BloomFilter.java
@@ -232,6 +232,7 @@ default int estimateUnion(final BloomFilter other) {
 
     /**
      * Gets the shape that was used when the filter was built.
+     *
      * @return The shape the filter was built with.
      */
     Shape getShape();
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/CountingBloomFilter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/CountingBloomFilter.java
index cdad5286e6..0a1dbed676 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/CountingBloomFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/CountingBloomFilter.java
@@ -234,6 +234,7 @@ default boolean merge(final Hasher hasher) {
      * to a CellExtractor and add that.
      * 
Implementations should throw {@code IllegalArgumentException} and no other exception on bad input.
      * 
+     *
      * @param indexExtractor the IndexExtractor
      * @return {@code true} if the removal was successful and the state is valid
      * @see #isValid()
@@ -348,6 +349,7 @@ default boolean remove(final IndexExtractor indexExtractor) {
 
     /**
      * The default implementation is a no-op since the counting bloom filter returns an unique IndexExtractor by default.
+     *
      * @return this counting Bloom filter.
      */
     @Override
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/IndexFilter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/IndexFilter.java
index a494ee9aa2..646093f298 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/IndexFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/IndexFilter.java
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ public final class IndexFilter {
     /**
      * An IndexTracker implementation that uses an array of integers to track whether or not a
      * number has been seen. Suitable for Shapes that have few hash functions.
+     *
      * @since 4.5.0
      */
     static class ArrayTracker implements IntPredicate {
@@ -40,6 +41,7 @@ static class ArrayTracker implements IntPredicate {
 
         /**
          * Constructs the tracker based on the shape.
+         *
          * @param shape the shape to build the tracker for.
          */
         ArrayTracker(final Shape shape) {
@@ -70,6 +72,7 @@ static class BitMapTracker implements IntPredicate {
 
         /**
          * Constructs a bit map based tracker for the specified shape.
+         *
          * @param shape The shape that is being generated.
          */
         BitMapTracker(final Shape shape) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/LayerManager.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/LayerManager.java
index 607bf0517a..7aa9b1c590 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/LayerManager.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/LayerManager.java
@@ -361,6 +361,7 @@ public LayerManager copy() {
     /**
      * Gets the Bloom filter from the first layer.
      * No extension check is performed during this call.
+     *
      * @return The Bloom filter from the first layer.
      * @see #getTarget()
      */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/collection/AbstractCollectionDecorator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/collection/AbstractCollectionDecorator.java
index 34ce3d3d70..e764eb5566 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/collection/AbstractCollectionDecorator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/collection/AbstractCollectionDecorator.java
@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractCollectionDecorator
 
     /**
      * Constructor only used in deserialization, do not use otherwise.
+     *
      * @since 3.1
      */
     protected AbstractCollectionDecorator() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/collection/CompositeCollection.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/collection/CompositeCollection.java
index 1b21ab3332..d89db8d669 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/collection/CompositeCollection.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/collection/CompositeCollection.java
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@
  * Add and remove operations require the use of a pluggable strategy. If no
  * strategy is provided then add and remove are unsupported.
  * 

+ *
  * @param  the type of the elements in the collection
  * @since 3.0
  */
@@ -228,6 +229,7 @@ public void addComposited(final Collection compositeCollection1,
      * 

      * This implementation calls {@code clear()} on each collection.
      * 
+     *
      * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if clear is unsupported
      */
     @Override
@@ -242,6 +244,7 @@ public void clear() {
      * 

      * This implementation calls {@code contains()} on each collection.
      * 
+     *
      * @param obj  the object to search for
      * @return true if obj is contained in any of the contained collections
      */
@@ -261,6 +264,7 @@ public boolean contains(final Object obj) {
      * This implementation calls {@code contains()} for each element in the
      * specified collection.
      * 

+     *
      * @param coll  the collection to check for
      * @return true if all elements contained
      */
@@ -288,6 +292,7 @@ public List> getCollections() {
 
     /**
      * Gets the collection mutator to be used for this CompositeCollection.
+     *
      * @return CollectionMutator<E>
      */
     protected CollectionMutator getMutator() {
@@ -299,6 +304,7 @@ protected CollectionMutator getMutator() {
      * 

      * This implementation calls {@code isEmpty()} on each collection.
      * 
+     *
      * @return true if all of the contained collections are empty
      */
     @Override
@@ -316,6 +322,7 @@ public boolean isEmpty() {
      * 

      * This implementation uses an {@code IteratorChain}.
      * 
+     *
      * @return an {@code IteratorChain} instance which supports
      *  {@code remove()}. Iteration occurs over contained collections in
      *  the order they were added, but this behavior should not be relied upon.
@@ -356,6 +363,7 @@ public boolean remove(final Object obj) {
      * 

      * This implementation calls {@code removeAll} on each collection.
      * 
+     *
      * @param coll  the collection to remove
      * @return true if the collection was modified
      * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if removeAll is unsupported
@@ -386,6 +394,7 @@ public void removeComposited(final Collection coll) {
      * 

      * This implementation calls {@code removeIf} on each collection.
      * 
+     *
      * @param filter  a predicate which returns true for elements to be removed
      * @return true if the collection was modified
      * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if removeIf is unsupported
@@ -409,6 +418,7 @@ public boolean removeIf(final Predicate filter) {
      * 

      * This implementation calls {@code retainAll()} on each collection.
      * 
+     *
      * @param coll  the collection to remove
      * @return true if the collection was modified
      * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if retainAll is unsupported
@@ -438,6 +448,7 @@ public void setMutator(final CollectionMutator mutator) {
      * 

      * This implementation calls {@code size()} on each collection.
      * 
+     *
      * @return total number of elements in all contained containers
      */
     @Override
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/BoundedIterator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/BoundedIterator.java
index 73d3b2f316..300910b442 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/BoundedIterator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/BoundedIterator.java
@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@ public BoundedIterator(final Iterator iterator, final long offset,
 
     /**
      * Checks whether the iterator is still within its bounded range.
+     *
      * @return {@code true} if the iterator is within its bounds, {@code false} otherwise
      */
     private boolean checkBounds() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/EmptyMapIterator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/EmptyMapIterator.java
index 52265fec20..1aac23f18b 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/EmptyMapIterator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/EmptyMapIterator.java
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ public class EmptyMapIterator extends AbstractEmptyMapIterator imple
 
     /**
      * Singleton instance of the iterator.
+     *
      * @since 3.1
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
@@ -37,6 +38,7 @@ public class EmptyMapIterator extends AbstractEmptyMapIterator imple
 
     /**
      * Gets a typed instance of the iterator.
+     *
      * @param  the key type
      * @param  the value type
      * @return {@link MapIterator}<K, V>
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/EmptyOrderedMapIterator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/EmptyOrderedMapIterator.java
index 0ee07de620..b3e0fb4de7 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/EmptyOrderedMapIterator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/EmptyOrderedMapIterator.java
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ public class EmptyOrderedMapIterator extends AbstractEmptyMapIterator extends AbstractEmptyMapIterator the key type
      * @param  the value type
      * @return {@link OrderedMapIterator}<K, V>
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/FilterListIterator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/FilterListIterator.java
index 7a2e88b72b..67fb422c49 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/FilterListIterator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/FilterListIterator.java
@@ -109,6 +109,7 @@ public FilterListIterator(final Predicate predicate) {
 
     /**
      * Not supported.
+     *
      * @param o the element to insert
      */
     @Override
@@ -194,6 +195,7 @@ public void remove() {
 
     /**
      * Not supported.
+     *
      * @param ignored the element with which to replace the last element returned by
      *          {@code next} or {@code previous}
      */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/PermutationIterator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/PermutationIterator.java
index 542cdae0d0..6aace66579 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/PermutationIterator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/PermutationIterator.java
@@ -71,6 +71,7 @@ public class PermutationIterator implements Iterator> {
 
     /**
      * Standard constructor for this class.
+     *
      * @param collection  the collection to generate permutations for
      * @throws NullPointerException if coll is null
      */
@@ -91,6 +92,7 @@ public PermutationIterator(final Collection collection) {
 
     /**
      * Indicates if there are more permutation available.
+     *
      * @return true if there are more permutations, otherwise false
      */
     @Override
@@ -100,6 +102,7 @@ public boolean hasNext() {
 
     /**
      * Returns the next permutation of the input collection.
+     *
      * @return a list of the permutator's elements representing a permutation
      * @throws NoSuchElementException if there are no more permutations
      */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/SingletonListIterator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/SingletonListIterator.java
index 6496e41a79..53529a98b2 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/SingletonListIterator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/SingletonListIterator.java
@@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ public int previousIndex() {
 
     /**
      * Remove the object from this iterator.
+     *
      * @throws IllegalStateException if the {@code next} or {@code previous}
      *        method has not yet been called, or the {@code remove} method
      *        has already been called after the last call to {@code next}
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/keyvalue/MultiKey.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/keyvalue/MultiKey.java
index 4515372d23..dcc621eb3b 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/keyvalue/MultiKey.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/keyvalue/MultiKey.java
@@ -233,6 +233,7 @@ public MultiKey(final K[] keys, final boolean makeClone) {
 
     /**
      * Calculate the hash code of the instance using the provided keys.
+     *
      * @param keys the keys to calculate the hash code for
      */
     private void calculateHashCode(final Object[] keys) {
@@ -316,6 +317,7 @@ public int hashCode() {
      * Recalculate the hash code after deserialization. The hash code of some
      * keys might have change (hash codes based on the system hash code are
      * only stable for the same process).
+     *
      * @return the instance with recalculated hash code
      */
     protected Object readResolve() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/AbstractListDecorator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/AbstractListDecorator.java
index 25ecf62669..ee85167de5 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/AbstractListDecorator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/AbstractListDecorator.java
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractListDecorator extends AbstractCollectionDecorat
 
     /**
      * Constructor only used in deserialization, do not use otherwise.
+     *
      * @since 3.1
      */
     protected AbstractListDecorator() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/AbstractMapDecorator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/AbstractMapDecorator.java
index 5047b1ac76..ffcae5ee29 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/AbstractMapDecorator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/AbstractMapDecorator.java
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractMapDecorator extends AbstractIterableMap extends AbstractMapDecor
 
     /**
      * Constructor only used in deserialization, do not use otherwise.
+     *
      * @since 3.1
      */
     protected AbstractOrderedMapDecorator() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/AbstractReferenceMap.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/AbstractReferenceMap.java
index 3b08521555..bf10403514 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/AbstractReferenceMap.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/AbstractReferenceMap.java
@@ -309,6 +309,7 @@ protected void onPurge() {
 
         /**
          * Purges the specified reference
+         *
          * @param ref  the reference to purge
          * @return true or false
          */
@@ -517,6 +518,7 @@ public enum ReferenceStrength {
 
         /**
          * Resolve enum from int.
+         *
          * @param value  the int value
          * @return ReferenceType
          * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the specified value is invalid.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/AbstractSortedMapDecorator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/AbstractSortedMapDecorator.java
index 78a49ef6a1..75a6d7dca3 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/AbstractSortedMapDecorator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/AbstractSortedMapDecorator.java
@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ protected static class SortedMapIterator extends EntrySetToMapIteratorAdap
 
         /**
          * Create a new AbstractSortedMapDecorator.SortedMapIterator.
+         *
          * @param entrySet  the entrySet to iterate
          */
         protected SortedMapIterator(final Set> entrySet) {
@@ -94,6 +95,7 @@ public synchronized void reset() {
 
     /**
      * Constructor only used in deserialization, do not use otherwise.
+     *
      * @since 3.1
      */
     protected AbstractSortedMapDecorator() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/EntrySetToMapIteratorAdapter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/EntrySetToMapIteratorAdapter.java
index 3f9d57ee3d..636e14d9e6 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/EntrySetToMapIteratorAdapter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/EntrySetToMapIteratorAdapter.java
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ public class EntrySetToMapIteratorAdapter implements MapIterator, Re
 
     /**
      * Create a new EntrySetToMapIteratorAdapter.
+     *
      * @param entrySet  the entrySet to adapt
      */
     public EntrySetToMapIteratorAdapter(final Set> entrySet) {
@@ -52,6 +53,7 @@ public EntrySetToMapIteratorAdapter(final Set> entrySet) {
 
     /**
      * Gets the currently active entry.
+     *
      * @return Map.Entry<K, V>
      */
     protected synchronized Map.Entry current() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/multimap/AbstractListValuedMap.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/multimap/AbstractListValuedMap.java
index f14371f9bc..de34ee31bb 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/multimap/AbstractListValuedMap.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/multimap/AbstractListValuedMap.java
@@ -242,6 +242,7 @@ protected AbstractListValuedMap(final Map> map) {
 
     /**
      * Creates a new value collection using the provided factory.
+     *
      * @return a new list
      */
     @Override
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/multimap/AbstractSetValuedMap.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/multimap/AbstractSetValuedMap.java
index 5f3b940cf4..ff98ea2b75 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/multimap/AbstractSetValuedMap.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/multimap/AbstractSetValuedMap.java
@@ -87,6 +87,7 @@ protected AbstractSetValuedMap(final Map> map) {
 
     /**
      * Creates a new value collection using the provided factory.
+     *
      * @return a new set
      */
     @Override
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/multiset/AbstractMapMultiSet.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/multiset/AbstractMapMultiSet.java
index 19e7f620c3..317e7d2c5e 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/multiset/AbstractMapMultiSet.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/multiset/AbstractMapMultiSet.java
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ protected static class EntrySetIterator implements Iterator> {
 
         /**
          * Constructs a new instance.
+         *
          * @param decorated  the iterator to decorate
          * @param parent  the parent multiset
          */
@@ -174,6 +175,7 @@ protected static class MultiSetEntry extends AbstractEntry {
 
         /**
          * Constructs a new instance.
+         *
          * @param parentEntry  the entry to decorate
          */
         protected MultiSetEntry(final Map.Entry parentEntry) {
@@ -200,6 +202,7 @@ protected static class MutableInteger {
 
         /**
          * Constructs a new instance.
+         *
          * @param value the initial value
          */
         MutableInteger(final int value) {
@@ -238,6 +241,7 @@ protected static class UniqueSetIterator extends AbstractIteratorDecorator
 
         /**
          * Constructs a new instance.
+         *
          * @param iterator  the iterator to decorate
          * @param parent  the parent multiset
          */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/multiset/SynchronizedMultiSet.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/multiset/SynchronizedMultiSet.java
index 426ad6438e..9fdc2188fa 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/multiset/SynchronizedMultiSet.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/multiset/SynchronizedMultiSet.java
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ static class SynchronizedSet extends SynchronizedCollection implements Set
 
         /**
          * Constructs a new instance.
+         *
          * @param set  the set to decorate
          * @param lock  the lock to use, shared with the multiset
          */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/set/AbstractSetDecorator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/set/AbstractSetDecorator.java
index 7df2cd040d..9b0d010d86 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/set/AbstractSetDecorator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/set/AbstractSetDecorator.java
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractSetDecorator extends AbstractCollectionDecorato
 
     /**
      * Constructor only used in deserialization, do not use otherwise.
+     *
      * @since 3.1
      */
     protected AbstractSetDecorator() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/set/AbstractSortedSetDecorator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/set/AbstractSortedSetDecorator.java
index 4ac4831f1f..14d8d82778 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/set/AbstractSortedSetDecorator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/set/AbstractSortedSetDecorator.java
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractSortedSetDecorator
 
     /**
      * Constructor only used in deserialization, do not use otherwise.
+     *
      * @since 3.1
      */
     protected AbstractSortedSetDecorator() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/set/CompositeSet.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/set/CompositeSet.java
index 6560153fc8..7c51e5eee0 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/set/CompositeSet.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/set/CompositeSet.java
@@ -289,6 +289,7 @@ public boolean containsAll(final Collection coll) {
 
     /**
      * {@inheritDoc}
+     *
      * @see java.util.Set#equals
      */
     @Override
@@ -302,6 +303,7 @@ public boolean equals(final Object obj) {
 
     /**
      * Gets the set mutator to be used for this CompositeSet.
+     *
      * @return the set mutator
      */
     protected SetMutator getMutator() {
@@ -319,6 +321,7 @@ public List> getSets() {
 
     /**
      * {@inheritDoc}
+     *
      * @see java.util.Set#hashCode
      */
     @Override
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/splitmap/AbstractIterableGetMapDecorator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/splitmap/AbstractIterableGetMapDecorator.java
index 6b394e1fce..60bfe5df54 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/splitmap/AbstractIterableGetMapDecorator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/splitmap/AbstractIterableGetMapDecorator.java
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ protected AbstractIterableGetMapDecorator() {
 
     /**
      * Create a new AbstractSplitMapDecorator.
+     *
      * @param map the map to decorate, must not be null
      * @throws NullPointerException if map is null
      */
@@ -107,6 +108,7 @@ public Set keySet() {
 
     /**
      * Gets a MapIterator over this Get.
+     *
      * @return MapIterator<K, V>
      */
     @Override
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/trie/AbstractBitwiseTrie.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/trie/AbstractBitwiseTrie.java
index b934f7c83f..5e7d69a2d2 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/trie/AbstractBitwiseTrie.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/trie/AbstractBitwiseTrie.java
@@ -184,6 +184,7 @@ final boolean compareKeys(final K key, final K other) {
 
     /**
      * Gets the {@link KeyAnalyzer} that constructed the {@link Trie}.
+     *
      * @return the {@link KeyAnalyzer} used by this {@link Trie}
      */
     protected KeyAnalyzer getKeyAnalyzer() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/trie/analyzer/StringKeyAnalyzer.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/trie/analyzer/StringKeyAnalyzer.java
index d3d76a2589..6b0aaa6dfb 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/trie/analyzer/StringKeyAnalyzer.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/trie/analyzer/StringKeyAnalyzer.java
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  * 

  * This class is stateless.
  * 
+ *
  * @since 4.0
  */
 public class StringKeyAnalyzer extends KeyAnalyzer {

From 7209aabe965d128b3c3372d094a75b7558ea5cc8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Thu, 1 Jan 2026 07:53:13 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 22/53] Fix XML Schema xsi:schemaLocation name (as opposed to
 URI)

---
 src/site/xdoc/building.xml             | 2 +-
 src/site/xdoc/compatibility.xml        | 2 +-
 src/site/xdoc/download_collections.xml | 2 +-
 src/site/xdoc/history.xml              | 2 +-
 src/site/xdoc/index.xml                | 2 +-
 src/site/xdoc/issue-tracking.xml       | 2 +-
 src/site/xdoc/mail-lists.xml           | 2 +-
 src/site/xdoc/pick.xml                 | 2 +-
 src/site/xdoc/proposal.xml             | 2 +-
 src/site/xdoc/release_3_2.xml          | 2 +-
 src/site/xdoc/release_3_2_1.xml        | 2 +-
 src/site/xdoc/release_3_2_2.xml        | 2 +-
 src/site/xdoc/release_4_0.xml          | 2 +-
 src/site/xdoc/release_4_1.xml          | 2 +-
 src/site/xdoc/release_4_2.xml          | 2 +-
 src/site/xdoc/release_4_3.xml          | 2 +-
 src/site/xdoc/release_4_4.xml          | 2 +-
 src/site/xdoc/userguide.xml            | 2 +-
 18 files changed, 18 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/building.xml b/src/site/xdoc/building.xml
index 29a33f8a6c..504ffd3041 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/building.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/building.xml
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 -->
 
+  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
  
   
   Apache Commons Team
diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/compatibility.xml b/src/site/xdoc/compatibility.xml
index 7663e6a1eb..65d5728a0b 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/compatibility.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/compatibility.xml
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 -->
 
+  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
  
   
   Apache Commons Team
diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/download_collections.xml b/src/site/xdoc/download_collections.xml
index c04d1ce314..789da0245e 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/download_collections.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/download_collections.xml
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ limitations under the License.
 -->
 
+  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
   
     
     Apache Commons Team
diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/history.xml b/src/site/xdoc/history.xml
index 5cdffe4bd8..9dbca3f23c 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/history.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/history.xml
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 -->
 
+  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
  
   
   Apache Commons Team
diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/index.xml b/src/site/xdoc/index.xml
index 9b2609847c..aa7af2ae4e 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/index.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/index.xml
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 -->
 
+  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
  
   
   Apache Commons Team
diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/issue-tracking.xml b/src/site/xdoc/issue-tracking.xml
index 6f617d9a2c..f296f577a0 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/issue-tracking.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/issue-tracking.xml
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ limitations under the License.
 -->
 
+  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
   
     
     Apache Commons Team
diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/mail-lists.xml b/src/site/xdoc/mail-lists.xml
index 58d28d1246..e59bf52bb5 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/mail-lists.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/mail-lists.xml
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ limitations under the License.
 -->
 
+  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
   
     
     Apache Commons Team
diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/pick.xml b/src/site/xdoc/pick.xml
index 392fad52b0..408f51dc7f 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/pick.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/pick.xml
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 -->
 
+  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
  
   
   Apache Commons Team
diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/proposal.xml b/src/site/xdoc/proposal.xml
index f0a9481925..e936cfaf2e 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/proposal.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/proposal.xml
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 -->
 
+  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
 
 
 
diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/release_3_2.xml b/src/site/xdoc/release_3_2.xml
index f729134ba9..e26d065ef0 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/release_3_2.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/release_3_2.xml
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 -->
 
+  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
  
   
   Apache Commons Team
diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/release_3_2_1.xml b/src/site/xdoc/release_3_2_1.xml
index 329d61d03e..1d486c3723 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/release_3_2_1.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/release_3_2_1.xml
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 -->
 
+  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
  
   
   Apache Commons Team
diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/release_3_2_2.xml b/src/site/xdoc/release_3_2_2.xml
index a4c9847c04..90ac6aae95 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/release_3_2_2.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/release_3_2_2.xml
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 -->
 
+  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
  
   
   Apache Commons Team
diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/release_4_0.xml b/src/site/xdoc/release_4_0.xml
index 122d5a2334..f101757346 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/release_4_0.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/release_4_0.xml
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 -->
 
+  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
  
   
   Apache Commons Team
diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/release_4_1.xml b/src/site/xdoc/release_4_1.xml
index ab372a377f..d5628cec0e 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/release_4_1.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/release_4_1.xml
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 -->
 
+  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
  
   
   Apache Commons Team
diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/release_4_2.xml b/src/site/xdoc/release_4_2.xml
index 89b1a4927a..757d3b2a55 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/release_4_2.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/release_4_2.xml
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 -->
 
+  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
  
   
   Apache Commons Team
diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/release_4_3.xml b/src/site/xdoc/release_4_3.xml
index db6ac4433c..0d77a48097 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/release_4_3.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/release_4_3.xml
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 -->
 
+  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
  
   
   Apache Commons Team
diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/release_4_4.xml b/src/site/xdoc/release_4_4.xml
index d1f668f889..de24fbdc44 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/release_4_4.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/release_4_4.xml
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 -->
 
+  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
  
   
   Apache Commons Team
diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/userguide.xml b/src/site/xdoc/userguide.xml
index 28cece2c26..07a96019bc 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/userguide.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/userguide.xml
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 -->
 
+  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
  
   
   Apache Commons Team

From 268ee340f0d0be4fa6f65ba1571fa7fd1c6e88e4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "dependabot[bot]" <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 1 Jan 2026 12:53:57 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 23/53] Bump actions/upload-artifact from 5.0.0 to 6.0.0

Bumps [actions/upload-artifact](https://github.com/actions/upload-artifact) from 5.0.0 to 6.0.0.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/actions/upload-artifact/releases)
- [Commits](https://github.com/actions/upload-artifact/compare/330a01c490aca151604b8cf639adc76d48f6c5d4...b7c566a772e6b6bfb58ed0dc250532a479d7789f)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: actions/upload-artifact
  dependency-version: 6.0.0
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-major
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] 
---
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index 4652677d02..ff3a7cfb9b 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ jobs:
           publish_results: true
 
       - name: "Upload artifact"
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@330a01c490aca151604b8cf639adc76d48f6c5d4    # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@b7c566a772e6b6bfb58ed0dc250532a479d7789f    # v6.0.0
         with:
           name: SARIF file
           path: results.sarif

From 9f34893fb78269c3a9a9a89576bdaae676b66729 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Fri, 2 Jan 2026 17:06:34 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 24/53] Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 93 to 94

---
 pom.xml                 | 2 +-
 src/changes/changes.xml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index c51e26167d..d722763157 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
   
     org.apache.commons
     commons-parent
-    93
+    94
   
   4.0.0
   commons-collections4
diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index 8ffe49634a..2c5cb27791 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
     Add a Maven benchmark profile for JMH.
     Add a Maven benchmark profile for JMH.
     
-    Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 81 to 93 #612, #645, #662, #663.
+    Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 81 to 94 #612, #645, #662, #663.
     Bump com.google.guava:guava-testlib from 33.3.1-jre to 33.5.0-jre #644.
     Bump PMD from 7.8.0 to 7.13.0 (now inherited from parent POM).
     Bump org.easymock:easymock from 5.5.0 to 5.6.0 #617.

From 2bed7c70a2cd38cfc965079f7273888e46ca54b0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Fri, 2 Jan 2026 18:21:02 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 25/53] Javadoc

---
 .../apache/commons/collections4/functors/AbstractPredicate.java | 2 +-
 .../collections4/functors/AbstractQuantifierPredicate.java      | 2 +-
 .../org/apache/commons/collections4/sequence/EditCommand.java   | 2 +-
 3 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/AbstractPredicate.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/AbstractPredicate.java
index 5b7e409173..34a824df6a 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/AbstractPredicate.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/AbstractPredicate.java
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 import org.apache.commons.collections4.Predicate;
 
 /**
- * Abstract base class for predicates.
+ * Abstrac class for predicates.
  *
  * @param  the type of the input to the predicate.
  * @since 4.5.0-M3
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/AbstractQuantifierPredicate.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/AbstractQuantifierPredicate.java
index c8b902aa04..cd0ee6219c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/AbstractQuantifierPredicate.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/AbstractQuantifierPredicate.java
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 import org.apache.commons.collections4.Predicate;
 
 /**
- * Abstract base class for quantification predicates, for example All, Any, None.
+ * Abstrac class for quantification predicates, for example All, Any, None.
  *
  * @param  the type of the input to the predicate.
  * @since 4.0
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/sequence/EditCommand.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/sequence/EditCommand.java
index 5bdff115e5..0c76014199 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/sequence/EditCommand.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/sequence/EditCommand.java
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 package org.apache.commons.collections4.sequence;
 
 /**
- * Abstract base class for all commands used to transform an objects sequence
+ * Abstrac class for all commands used to transform an objects sequence
  * into another one.
  * 

  * When two objects sequences are compared through the

From 9213396e69133e8ffff41b4abe44d6ffb8b59999 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Fri, 2 Jan 2026 18:35:13 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 26/53] Javadoc

---
 .../apache/commons/collections4/functors/AbstractPredicate.java | 2 +-
 .../collections4/functors/AbstractQuantifierPredicate.java      | 2 +-
 .../org/apache/commons/collections4/sequence/EditCommand.java   | 2 +-
 3 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/AbstractPredicate.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/AbstractPredicate.java
index 34a824df6a..d091bd6321 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/AbstractPredicate.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/AbstractPredicate.java
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 import org.apache.commons.collections4.Predicate;
 
 /**
- * Abstrac class for predicates.
+ * Abstract class for predicates.
  *
  * @param  the type of the input to the predicate.
  * @since 4.5.0-M3
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/AbstractQuantifierPredicate.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/AbstractQuantifierPredicate.java
index cd0ee6219c..062799ddfb 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/AbstractQuantifierPredicate.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/AbstractQuantifierPredicate.java
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 import org.apache.commons.collections4.Predicate;
 
 /**
- * Abstrac class for quantification predicates, for example All, Any, None.
+ * Abstract class for quantification predicates, for example All, Any, None.
  *
  * @param  the type of the input to the predicate.
  * @since 4.0
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/sequence/EditCommand.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/sequence/EditCommand.java
index 0c76014199..8e3d92d8c8 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/sequence/EditCommand.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/sequence/EditCommand.java
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 package org.apache.commons.collections4.sequence;
 
 /**
- * Abstrac class for all commands used to transform an objects sequence
+ * Abstract class for all commands used to transform an objects sequence
  * into another one.
  * 

  * When two objects sequences are compared through the

From e74b48b03b275b6d8f6b7d29c9bd4c4c6d14def6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Sun, 4 Jan 2026 11:04:47 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 27/53] Remove old comments

---
 .../java/org/apache/commons/collections4/IteratorUtils.java   | 1 -
 src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/SetUtils.java   | 1 -
 .../commons/collections4/comparators/ComparatorChain.java     | 2 +-
 .../collections4/comparators/FixedOrderComparator.java        | 4 ----
 .../commons/collections4/iterators/EnumerationIterator.java   | 2 --
 .../org/apache/commons/collections4/map/SingletonMap.java     | 3 ---
 .../org/apache/commons/collections4/AbstractObjectTest.java   | 1 -
 .../collections4/collection/AbstractCollectionTest.java       | 1 -
 .../collections4/multimap/AbstractMultiValuedMapTest.java     | 1 -
 9 files changed, 1 insertion(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/IteratorUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/IteratorUtils.java
index cf27afb197..ed65c964f1 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/IteratorUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/IteratorUtils.java
@@ -392,7 +392,6 @@ public static  Iterable asMultipleUseIterable(final Iterator
         return new IteratorIterable<>(iterator, true);
     }
 
-    // Bounded
     /**
      * Decorates the specified iterator to return at most the given number
      * of elements.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/SetUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/SetUtils.java
index a6029f9d15..9b77528dfa 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/SetUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/SetUtils.java
@@ -480,7 +480,6 @@ public static  Set synchronizedSet(final Set set) {
         return Collections.synchronizedSet(set);
     }
 
-    // SortedSet
     /**
      * Returns a synchronized sorted set backed by the given sorted set.
      * 

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/comparators/ComparatorChain.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/comparators/ComparatorChain.java
index 5916d5b74b..6e42f29355 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/comparators/ComparatorChain.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/comparators/ComparatorChain.java
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ public class ComparatorChain implements Comparator, Serializable {
     private final List> comparatorChain;
     /** Order - false (clear) = ascend; true (set) = descend. */
     private final BitSet orderingBits;
-   /** Whether the chain has been "locked". */
+    /** Whether the chain has been "locked". */
     private boolean isLocked;
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/comparators/FixedOrderComparator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/comparators/FixedOrderComparator.java
index 42490a70f0..fa9b3a25a6 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/comparators/FixedOrderComparator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/comparators/FixedOrderComparator.java
@@ -90,7 +90,6 @@ public enum UnknownObjectBehavior {
     /** The behavior in the case of an unknown object */
     private UnknownObjectBehavior unknownObjectBehavior = UnknownObjectBehavior.EXCEPTION;
 
-    // Constructors
     /**
      * Constructs an empty FixedOrderComparator.
      */
@@ -127,7 +126,6 @@ public FixedOrderComparator(final T... items) {
         }
     }
 
-    // Methods for adding items
     /**
      * Adds an item, which compares as after all items known to the Comparator.
      * If the item is already known to the Comparator, its old position is
@@ -178,7 +176,6 @@ protected void checkLocked() {
         }
     }
 
-    // Comparator methods
     /**
      * Compares two objects according to the order of this Comparator.
      * 

@@ -245,7 +242,6 @@ public int hashCode() {
         return Objects.hash(counter, isLocked, map, unknownObjectBehavior);
     }
 
-    // Bean methods / state querying methods
     /**
      * Returns true if modifications cannot be made to the FixedOrderComparator.
      * FixedOrderComparators cannot be modified once they have performed a comparison.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/EnumerationIterator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/EnumerationIterator.java
index 95333b4078..4030569e7e 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/EnumerationIterator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/EnumerationIterator.java
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@ public class EnumerationIterator implements Iterator {
     /** The last object retrieved */
     private E last;
 
-    // Constructors
     /**
      * Constructs a new {@code EnumerationIterator} that will not
      * function until {@link #setEnumeration(Enumeration)} is called.
@@ -77,7 +76,6 @@ public Enumeration getEnumeration() {
         return enumeration;
     }
 
-    // Iterator interface
     /**
      * Returns true if the underlying enumeration has more elements.
      *
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/SingletonMap.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/SingletonMap.java
index b70367ca0b..c8a29a8ae2 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/SingletonMap.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/SingletonMap.java
@@ -336,7 +336,6 @@ public K firstKey() {
         return getKey();
     }
 
-    // Map
     /**
      * Gets the value mapped to the key specified.
      *
@@ -351,7 +350,6 @@ public V get(final Object key) {
         return null;
     }
 
-    // KeyValue
     /**
      * Gets the key.
      *
@@ -413,7 +411,6 @@ protected boolean isEqualValue(final Object value) {
         return Objects.equals(value, getValue());
     }
 
-    // BoundedMap
     /**
      * Is the map currently full, always true.
      *
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/AbstractObjectTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/AbstractObjectTest.java
index db2eaa5cbc..4a31e6e848 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/AbstractObjectTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/AbstractObjectTest.java
@@ -74,7 +74,6 @@ protected String getCanonicalFullCollectionName(final Object object) {
         return retval.toString();
     }
 
-    // protected implementation
     /**
      * Gets the version of Collections that this object tries to
      * maintain serialization compatibility with. Defaults to 4, due to
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/collection/AbstractCollectionTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/collection/AbstractCollectionTest.java
index 425b83b007..1645d72c13 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/collection/AbstractCollectionTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/collection/AbstractCollectionTest.java
@@ -578,7 +578,6 @@ public void setConfirmed(final Collection confirmed) {
         this.confirmed = confirmed;
     }
 
-    // Tests
     /**
      *  Tests {@link Collection#add(Object)}.
      */
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/multimap/AbstractMultiValuedMapTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/multimap/AbstractMultiValuedMapTest.java
index ff6a7b152e..f6ec78ce00 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/multimap/AbstractMultiValuedMapTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/multimap/AbstractMultiValuedMapTest.java
@@ -435,7 +435,6 @@ public BulkTest bulkTestAsMap() {
         return new MultiValuedMapAsMapTest();
     }
 
-    // Bulk Tests
     /**
      * Bulk test {@link MultiValuedMap#entries()}. This method runs through all
      * of the tests in {@link AbstractCollectionTest}. After modification

From 86e97e6d336ff00b8bea697041da0a4d7172e0db Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Sun, 4 Jan 2026 11:22:38 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 28/53] Javadoc

Add an empty line before a Javadoc comment
---
 .../org/apache/commons/collections4/Equator.java    |  1 +
 .../apache/commons/collections4/IterableGet.java    |  1 +
 .../apache/commons/collections4/IteratorUtils.java  |  1 +
 .../commons/collections4/bag/SynchronizedBag.java   |  1 +
 .../collections4/bidimap/AbstractDualBidiMap.java   |  2 ++
 .../collections4/bidimap/DualTreeBidiMap.java       |  1 +
 .../commons/collections4/bidimap/TreeBidiMap.java   | 11 +++++++++++
 .../collections4/bloomfilter/CellExtractor.java     |  2 ++
 .../collection/SynchronizedCollection.java          |  1 +
 .../collections4/comparators/ComparatorChain.java   |  2 ++
 .../commons/collections4/functors/AndPredicate.java |  1 +
 .../commons/collections4/functors/ForClosure.java   |  1 +
 .../commons/collections4/functors/IfClosure.java    |  2 ++
 .../collections4/functors/IfTransformer.java        |  2 ++
 .../collections4/functors/InstantiateFactory.java   |  3 +++
 .../functors/InstantiateTransformer.java            |  1 +
 .../collections4/functors/InvokerTransformer.java   |  2 ++
 .../commons/collections4/functors/OrPredicate.java  |  1 +
 .../collections4/functors/PrototypeFactory.java     |  1 +
 .../collections4/functors/SwitchClosure.java        |  2 ++
 .../collections4/functors/SwitchTransformer.java    |  2 ++
 .../commons/collections4/functors/WhileClosure.java |  2 ++
 .../collections4/iterators/ArrayIterator.java       |  3 +++
 .../collections4/iterators/EnumerationIterator.java |  2 ++
 .../collections4/iterators/ListIteratorWrapper.java |  3 +++
 .../collections4/iterators/LoopingIterator.java     |  1 +
 .../collections4/iterators/LoopingListIterator.java |  1 +
 .../collections4/iterators/NodeListIterator.java    |  1 +
 .../collections4/iterators/ObjectArrayIterator.java |  3 +++
 .../collections4/iterators/ObjectGraphIterator.java |  5 +++++
 .../collections4/iterators/ReverseListIterator.java |  2 ++
 .../collections4/iterators/SingletonIterator.java   |  3 +++
 .../collections4/iterators/TransformIterator.java   |  1 +
 .../collections4/keyvalue/AbstractKeyValue.java     |  1 +
 .../collections4/list/AbstractLinkedList.java       |  2 ++
 .../collections4/list/AbstractLinkedListJava21.java |  6 ++++++
 .../collections4/list/CursorableLinkedList.java     |  3 +++
 .../apache/commons/collections4/list/TreeList.java  | 13 +++++++++++++
 .../commons/collections4/map/AbstractHashedMap.java |  1 +
 .../commons/collections4/map/AbstractLinkedMap.java |  2 ++
 .../collections4/map/AbstractReferenceMap.java      |  4 ++++
 .../commons/collections4/map/CompositeMap.java      |  1 +
 .../map/ConcurrentReferenceHashMap.java             |  4 ++++
 .../apache/commons/collections4/map/Flat3Map.java   |  1 +
 .../org/apache/commons/collections4/map/LRUMap.java |  2 ++
 .../commons/collections4/map/MultiValueMap.java     |  1 +
 .../commons/collections4/map/SingletonMap.java      |  1 +
 .../commons/collections4/map/TransformedMap.java    |  1 +
 .../collections4/multiset/AbstractMapMultiSet.java  |  2 ++
 .../collections4/multiset/SynchronizedMultiSet.java |  1 +
 .../collections4/sequence/SequencesComparator.java  |  1 +
 .../collections4/splitmap/TransformedSplitMap.java  |  1 +
 .../collections4/trie/AbstractPatriciaTrie.java     |  2 ++
 .../commons/collections4/FactoryUtilsTest.java      |  1 +
 .../bloomfilter/AbstractCellExtractorTest.java      |  1 +
 .../bloomfilter/AbstractIndexExtractorTest.java     |  1 +
 .../bloomfilter/LayeredBloomFilterTest.java         |  1 +
 .../collections4/bloomfilter/TestingHashers.java    |  1 +
 .../collection/CompositeCollectionTest.java         |  2 ++
 .../functors/AbstractMockPredicateTest.java         |  1 +
 .../iterators/ExtendedIteratorTest.java             |  1 +
 .../collections4/list/SetUniqueListTest.java        |  1 +
 .../commons/collections4/map/AbstractMapTest.java   |  1 +
 .../commons/collections4/map/EmptyMapMutator.java   |  1 +
 64 files changed, 130 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/Equator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/Equator.java
index c43ab1d748..9d99322ffc 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/Equator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/Equator.java
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
  * @since 4.0
  */
 public interface Equator {
+
     /**
      * Evaluates the two arguments for their equality.
      *
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/IterableGet.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/IterableGet.java
index 85aca7634b..0c3b893729 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/IterableGet.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/IterableGet.java
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
  * @see Put
  */
 public interface IterableGet extends Get {
+
     /**
      * Obtains a {@code MapIterator} over the map.
      * 

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/IteratorUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/IteratorUtils.java
index ed65c964f1..6a7e53d0de 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/IteratorUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/IteratorUtils.java
@@ -112,6 +112,7 @@ public class IteratorUtils {
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
     public static final OrderedMapIterator EMPTY_ORDERED_MAP_ITERATOR = EmptyOrderedMapIterator.INSTANCE;
+
     /**
      * Default delimiter used to delimit elements while converting an Iterator
      * to its String representation.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bag/SynchronizedBag.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bag/SynchronizedBag.java
index 5990e1a830..ea95fb28ff 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bag/SynchronizedBag.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bag/SynchronizedBag.java
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ public class SynchronizedBag extends SynchronizedCollection implements Bag
      * Synchronized Set for the Bag class.
      */
     final class SynchronizedBagSet extends SynchronizedCollection implements Set {
+
         /** Serialization version */
         private static final long serialVersionUID = 2990565892366827855L;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bidimap/AbstractDualBidiMap.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bidimap/AbstractDualBidiMap.java
index f22501b846..333179cc4a 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bidimap/AbstractDualBidiMap.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bidimap/AbstractDualBidiMap.java
@@ -747,6 +747,7 @@ public boolean isEmpty() {
     }
 
     // Map views
+
     /**
      * Gets a keySet view of the map.
      * Changes made on the view are reflected in the map.
@@ -763,6 +764,7 @@ public Set keySet() {
     }
 
     // BidiMap
+
     /**
      * Obtains a {@code MapIterator} over the map.
      * The iterator implements {@link BidiMapIterator}.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bidimap/DualTreeBidiMap.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bidimap/DualTreeBidiMap.java
index e897be87b2..e1fcbe5c94 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bidimap/DualTreeBidiMap.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bidimap/DualTreeBidiMap.java
@@ -173,6 +173,7 @@ public String toString() {
      * @param  the type of the values.
      */
     protected static class ViewMap extends AbstractSortedMapDecorator {
+
         /**
          * Constructs a new instance.
          *
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bidimap/TreeBidiMap.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bidimap/TreeBidiMap.java
index 2524c11a96..f04dcf93a9 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bidimap/TreeBidiMap.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bidimap/TreeBidiMap.java
@@ -120,12 +120,16 @@ abstract class AbstractViewIterator {
 
         /** Whether to return KEY or VALUE order. */
         private final DataElement orderType;
+
         /** The last node returned by the iterator. */
         Node lastReturnedNode;
+
         /** The next node to be returned by the iterator. */
         private Node nextNode;
+
         /** The previous node in the sequence returned by the iterator. */
         private Node previousNode;
+
         /** The modification count. */
         private int expectedModifications;
 
@@ -216,6 +220,7 @@ public String toString() {
             return description;
         }
     }
+
     /**
      * A view of this map.
      */
@@ -256,6 +261,7 @@ public boolean remove(final Object obj) {
             return false;
         }
     }
+
     /**
      * The inverse map implementation.
      */
@@ -263,8 +269,10 @@ final class Inverse implements OrderedBidiMap {
 
         /** Store the keySet once created. */
         private Set inverseKeySet;
+
         /** Store the valuesSet once created. */
         private Set inverseValuesSet;
+
         /** Store the entrySet once created. */
         private Set> inverseEntrySet;
 
@@ -409,6 +417,7 @@ public Set values() {
             return inverseValuesSet;
         }
     }
+
     /**
      * A view of this map.
      */
@@ -449,6 +458,7 @@ public boolean remove(final Object obj) {
             return false;
         }
     }
+
     /**
      * An iterator over the inverse map entries.
      */
@@ -475,6 +485,7 @@ public Map.Entry previous() {
             return createEntry(navigatePrevious());
         }
     }
+
     /**
      * An iterator over the map.
      */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/CellExtractor.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/CellExtractor.java
index 0334b74793..2536d94b19 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/CellExtractor.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/CellExtractor.java
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ public interface CellExtractor extends IndexExtractor {
      */
     @FunctionalInterface
     interface CellPredicate {
+
         /**
          * Performs an operation on the given {@code } pair.
          *
@@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ interface CellPredicate {
      */
     static CellExtractor from(final IndexExtractor indexExtractor) {
         return new CellExtractor() {
+
             /**
              * Class to track cell values in the TreeMap.
              */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/collection/SynchronizedCollection.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/collection/SynchronizedCollection.java
index 820727fed5..dbe9d50d9f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/collection/SynchronizedCollection.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/collection/SynchronizedCollection.java
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ public class SynchronizedCollection implements Collection, Serializable {
     public static  SynchronizedCollection synchronizedCollection(final Collection coll) {
         return new SynchronizedCollection<>(coll);
     }
+
     /** The collection to decorate */
     private final Collection collection;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/comparators/ComparatorChain.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/comparators/ComparatorChain.java
index 6e42f29355..253ddce5b3 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/comparators/ComparatorChain.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/comparators/ComparatorChain.java
@@ -58,8 +58,10 @@ public class ComparatorChain implements Comparator, Serializable {
 
     /** The list of comparators in the chain. */
     private final List> comparatorChain;
+
     /** Order - false (clear) = ascend; true (set) = descend. */
     private final BitSet orderingBits;
+
     /** Whether the chain has been "locked". */
     private boolean isLocked;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/AndPredicate.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/AndPredicate.java
index 40d8896ef9..5c21374510 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/AndPredicate.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/AndPredicate.java
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ public static  Predicate andPredicate(final Predicate predicate
         return new AndPredicate<>(Objects.requireNonNull(predicate1, "predicate1"),
                 Objects.requireNonNull(predicate2, "predicate2"));
     }
+
     /** The array of predicates to call */
     private final Predicate iPredicate1;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/ForClosure.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/ForClosure.java
index 67eb9d0aa8..8fc4f58011 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/ForClosure.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/ForClosure.java
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ public static  Closure forClosure(final int count, final Closure(count, closure);
     }
+
     /** The number of times to loop */
     private final int iCount;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/IfClosure.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/IfClosure.java
index 964f16d900..54072b79bc 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/IfClosure.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/IfClosure.java
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ public class IfClosure implements Closure, Serializable {
     public static  Closure ifClosure(final Predicate predicate, final Closure trueClosure) {
         return IfClosure.ifClosure(predicate, trueClosure, NOPClosure.nopClosure());
     }
+
     /**
      * Factory method that performs validation.
      *
@@ -67,6 +68,7 @@ public static  Closure ifClosure(final Predicate predicate,
                 Objects.requireNonNull(trueClosure, "trueClosure"),
                 Objects.requireNonNull(falseClosure, "falseClosure"));
     }
+
     /** The test */
     private final Predicate iPredicate;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/IfTransformer.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/IfTransformer.java
index 97e0c21716..7743c5337a 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/IfTransformer.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/IfTransformer.java
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ public static  Transformer ifTransformer(final Predicate
                 Objects.requireNonNull(trueTransformer, "trueTransformer"),
                 Objects.requireNonNull(falseTransformer, "falseTransformer"));
     }
+
     /**
      * Factory method that performs validation.
      * 

@@ -71,6 +72,7 @@ public static  Transformer ifTransformer(
         return new IfTransformer<>(Objects.requireNonNull(predicate, "predicate"),
                 Objects.requireNonNull(trueTransformer, "trueTransformer"), NOPTransformer.nopTransformer());
     }
+
     /** The test */
     private final Predicate iPredicate;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/InstantiateFactory.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/InstantiateFactory.java
index cb263f6f15..e8f2d22756 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/InstantiateFactory.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/InstantiateFactory.java
@@ -63,10 +63,13 @@ public static  Factory instantiateFactory(final Class classToInstantiat
         }
         return new InstantiateFactory<>(classToInstantiate, paramTypes, args);
     }
+
     /** The class to create */
     private final Class iClassToInstantiate;
+
     /** The constructor parameter types */
     private final Class[] iParamTypes;
+
     /** The constructor arguments */
     private final Object[] iArgs;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/InstantiateTransformer.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/InstantiateTransformer.java
index e1c3f09869..18361e5c19 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/InstantiateTransformer.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/InstantiateTransformer.java
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ public class InstantiateTransformer implements Transformer
     public static  Transformer, T> instantiateTransformer() {
         return NO_ARG_INSTANCE;
     }
+
     /**
      * Transformer method that performs validation.
      *
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/InvokerTransformer.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/InvokerTransformer.java
index f24cea644e..263a306d09 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/InvokerTransformer.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/InvokerTransformer.java
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ public class InvokerTransformer implements Transformer {
     public static  Transformer invokerTransformer(final String methodName) {
         return new InvokerTransformer<>(Objects.requireNonNull(methodName, "methodName"));
     }
+
     /**
      * Gets an instance of this transformer calling a specific method with specific values.
      *
@@ -76,6 +77,7 @@ public static  Transformer invokerTransformer(final String methodNam
         }
         return new InvokerTransformer<>(methodName, paramTypes, args);
     }
+
     /** The method name to call */
     private final String iMethodName;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/OrPredicate.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/OrPredicate.java
index 4576cc85bb..92572a5831 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/OrPredicate.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/OrPredicate.java
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ public static  Predicate orPredicate(final Predicate predicate1
         return new OrPredicate<>(Objects.requireNonNull(predicate1, "predicate1"),
                 Objects.requireNonNull(predicate2, "predicate2"));
     }
+
     /** The array of predicates to call */
     private final Predicate iPredicate1;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/PrototypeFactory.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/PrototypeFactory.java
index 5333dbec44..5c1fada974 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/PrototypeFactory.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/PrototypeFactory.java
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ static class PrototypeCloneFactory implements Factory {
 
         /** The object to clone each time */
         private final T iPrototype;
+
         /** The method used to clone */
         private transient Method iCloneMethod;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/SwitchClosure.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/SwitchClosure.java
index a63c67c225..2d20c1ad15 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/SwitchClosure.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/SwitchClosure.java
@@ -72,6 +72,7 @@ public static  Closure switchClosure(final Map, Closure> p
         }
         return new SwitchClosure<>(false, preds, closures, defaultClosure);
     }
+
     /**
      * Factory method that performs validation and copies the parameter arrays.
      *
@@ -98,6 +99,7 @@ public static  Closure switchClosure(final Predicate[] predicat
         }
         return new SwitchClosure<>(predicates, closures, defaultClosure);
     }
+
     /** The tests to consider */
     private final Predicate[] iPredicates;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/SwitchTransformer.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/SwitchTransformer.java
index a73a7fe4f0..213d1d5b95 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/SwitchTransformer.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/SwitchTransformer.java
@@ -81,6 +81,7 @@ public static  Transformer switchTransformer(
         }
         return new SwitchTransformer<>(false, preds, transformers, defaultTransformer);
     }
+
     /**
      * Factory method that performs validation and copies the parameter arrays.
      *
@@ -109,6 +110,7 @@ public static  Transformer switchTransformer(final Predicate(predicates, transformers, defaultTransformer);
     }
+
     /** The tests to consider */
     private final Predicate[] iPredicates;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/WhileClosure.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/WhileClosure.java
index 84b235f3b0..cd9f984f58 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/WhileClosure.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/WhileClosure.java
@@ -51,8 +51,10 @@ public static  Closure whileClosure(final Predicate predicate,
         return new WhileClosure<>(Objects.requireNonNull(predicate, "predicate"),
                 Objects.requireNonNull(closure, "closure"), doLoop);
     }
+
     /** The test condition */
     private final Predicate iPredicate;
+
     /** The closure to call */
     private final Closure iClosure;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/ArrayIterator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/ArrayIterator.java
index f972cdf27a..b19a8ec53c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/ArrayIterator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/ArrayIterator.java
@@ -41,10 +41,13 @@ public class ArrayIterator implements ResettableIterator {
 
     /** The array to iterate over */
     final Object array;
+
     /** The start index to loop from */
     final int startIndex;
+
     /** The end index to loop to */
     final int endIndex;
+
     /** The current iterator index */
     int index;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/EnumerationIterator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/EnumerationIterator.java
index 4030569e7e..9a83e7ebfc 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/EnumerationIterator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/EnumerationIterator.java
@@ -31,8 +31,10 @@ public class EnumerationIterator implements Iterator {
 
     /** The collection to remove elements from */
     private final Collection collection;
+
     /** The enumeration being converted */
     private Enumeration enumeration;
+
     /** The last object retrieved */
     private E last;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/ListIteratorWrapper.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/ListIteratorWrapper.java
index 3d227940a8..dbba4b722f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/ListIteratorWrapper.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/ListIteratorWrapper.java
@@ -60,13 +60,16 @@ public class ListIteratorWrapper implements ResettableListIterator {
 
     /** The underlying iterator being decorated. */
     private final Iterator iterator;
+
     /** The list being used to cache the iterator. */
     private final List list = new ArrayList<>();
 
     /** The current index of this iterator. */
     private int currentIndex;
+
     /** The current index of the wrapped iterator. */
     private int wrappedIteratorIndex;
+
     /** Recall whether the wrapped iterator's "cursor" is in such a state as to allow remove() to be called */
     private boolean removeState;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/LoopingIterator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/LoopingIterator.java
index 31fb99dc6c..0bcdea5ee6 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/LoopingIterator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/LoopingIterator.java
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ public class LoopingIterator implements ResettableIterator {
 
     /** The collection to base the iterator on */
     private final Collection collection;
+
     /** The current iterator */
     private Iterator iterator;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/LoopingListIterator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/LoopingListIterator.java
index 0c47deecc9..1f76ddf046 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/LoopingListIterator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/LoopingListIterator.java
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ public class LoopingListIterator implements ResettableListIterator {
 
     /** The list to base the iterator on */
     private final List list;
+
     /** The current list iterator */
     private ListIterator iterator;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/NodeListIterator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/NodeListIterator.java
index 82f4682d9d..916eeab927 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/NodeListIterator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/NodeListIterator.java
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ public class NodeListIterator implements Iterator {
 
     /** The original NodeList instance */
     private final NodeList nodeList;
+
     /** The current iterator index */
     private int index;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/ObjectArrayIterator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/ObjectArrayIterator.java
index c45909d942..2c0d82631f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/ObjectArrayIterator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/ObjectArrayIterator.java
@@ -38,10 +38,13 @@ public class ObjectArrayIterator implements ResettableIterator {
 
     /** The array */
     final E[] array;
+
     /** The start index to loop from */
     final int startIndex;
+
     /** The end index to loop to */
     final int endIndex;
+
     /** The current iterator index */
     int index;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/ObjectGraphIterator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/ObjectGraphIterator.java
index 2cc1f1a195..daae6e426a 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/ObjectGraphIterator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/ObjectGraphIterator.java
@@ -84,17 +84,22 @@ public class ObjectGraphIterator implements Iterator {
 
     /** The stack of iterators */
     private final Deque> stack = new ArrayDeque<>(8);
+
     /** The root object in the tree */
     private E root;
+
     /** The transformer to use */
     private final Transformer transformer;
 
     /** Whether there is another element in the iteration */
     private boolean hasNext;
+
     /** The current iterator */
     private Iterator currentIterator;
+
     /** The current value */
     private E currentValue;
+
     /** The last used iterator, needed for remove() */
     private Iterator lastUsedIterator;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/ReverseListIterator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/ReverseListIterator.java
index 287bdf5b7f..921c66f09a 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/ReverseListIterator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/ReverseListIterator.java
@@ -42,8 +42,10 @@ public class ReverseListIterator implements ResettableListIterator {
 
     /** The list being wrapped. */
     private final List list;
+
     /** The list iterator being wrapped. */
     private ListIterator iterator;
+
     /** Flag to indicate if updating is possible at the moment. */
     private boolean validForUpdate = true;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/SingletonIterator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/SingletonIterator.java
index 87dd8d19d2..49b4fb6872 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/SingletonIterator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/SingletonIterator.java
@@ -32,10 +32,13 @@ public class SingletonIterator
 
     /** Whether remove is allowed */
     private final boolean removeAllowed;
+
     /** Is the cursor before the first element */
     private boolean beforeFirst = true;
+
     /** Has the element been removed */
     private boolean removed;
+
     /** The object */
     private E object;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/TransformIterator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/TransformIterator.java
index 36dc0b9f1c..f7b4113fd7 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/TransformIterator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/TransformIterator.java
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ public class TransformIterator implements Iterator {
 
     /** The iterator being used */
     private Iterator iterator;
+
     /** The transformer being used */
     private Transformer transformer;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/keyvalue/AbstractKeyValue.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/keyvalue/AbstractKeyValue.java
index 24bdd55675..4a602681a4 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/keyvalue/AbstractKeyValue.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/keyvalue/AbstractKeyValue.java
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractKeyValue implements KeyValue {
 
     /** The key */
     private K key;
+
     /** The value */
     private V value;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/AbstractLinkedList.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/AbstractLinkedList.java
index ab18d7b032..fe9e30ea2f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/AbstractLinkedList.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/AbstractLinkedList.java
@@ -438,8 +438,10 @@ protected static class Node {
 
         /** A pointer to the node before this node */
         protected Node previous;
+
         /** A pointer to the node after this node */
         protected Node next;
+
         /** The object contained within this node */
         protected E value;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/AbstractLinkedListJava21.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/AbstractLinkedListJava21.java
index e2a7c52e2a..7a79d4dc3f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/AbstractLinkedListJava21.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/AbstractLinkedListJava21.java
@@ -229,12 +229,16 @@ public void set(final E obj) {
      * @param  the type of elements in this list.
      */
     protected static class LinkedSubList extends AbstractList {
+
         /** The main list */
         AbstractLinkedListJava21 parent;
+
         /** Offset from the main list */
         int offset;
+
         /** Sublist size */
         int size;
+
         /** Sublist modCount */
         int expectedModCount;
 
@@ -437,8 +441,10 @@ protected static class Node {
 
         /** A pointer to the node before this node */
         protected Node previous;
+
         /** A pointer to the node after this node */
         protected Node next;
+
         /** The object contained within this node */
         protected E value;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/CursorableLinkedList.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/CursorableLinkedList.java
index df080a21e5..c8e231b4c4 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/CursorableLinkedList.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/CursorableLinkedList.java
@@ -70,10 +70,13 @@ public class CursorableLinkedList extends AbstractLinkedList implements Se
      * @param  the type of elements in this cursor.
      */
     public static class Cursor extends AbstractLinkedList.LinkedListIterator {
+
         /** Is the cursor valid (not closed) */
         boolean valid = true;
+
         /** Is the next index valid */
         boolean nextIndexValid = true;
+
         /** Flag to indicate if the current element was removed by another object. */
         boolean currentRemovedByAnother;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/TreeList.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/TreeList.java
index 778e936723..a0e1c71450 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/TreeList.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/TreeList.java
@@ -83,18 +83,25 @@ public class TreeList extends AbstractList {
      * 
      */
     static class AVLNode {
+
         /** The left child node or the predecessor if {@link #leftIsPrevious}.*/
         private AVLNode left;
+
         /** Flag indicating that left reference is not a subtree but the predecessor. */
         private boolean leftIsPrevious;
+
         /** The right child node or the successor if {@link #rightIsNext}. */
         private AVLNode right;
+
         /** Flag indicating that right reference is not a subtree but the successor. */
         private boolean rightIsNext;
+
         /** How many levels of left/right are below this one. */
         private int height;
+
         /** The relative position, root holds absolute position. */
         private int relativePosition;
+
         /** The stored element. */
         private E value;
 
@@ -757,25 +764,31 @@ public String toString() {
      * A list iterator over the linked list.
      */
     static class TreeListIterator implements ListIterator, OrderedIterator {
+
         /** The parent list */
         private final TreeList parent;
+
         /**
          * Cache of the next node that will be returned by {@link #next()}.
          */
         private AVLNode next;
+
         /**
          * The index of the next node to be returned.
          */
         private int nextIndex;
+
         /**
          * Cache of the last node that was returned by {@link #next()}
          * or {@link #previous()}.
          */
         private AVLNode current;
+
         /**
          * The index of the last node that was returned.
          */
         private int currentIndex;
+
         /**
          * The modification count that the list is expected to have. If the list
          * doesn't have this count, then a
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/AbstractHashedMap.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/AbstractHashedMap.java
index 683072cc82..aee103d8b7 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/AbstractHashedMap.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/AbstractHashedMap.java
@@ -235,6 +235,7 @@ public String toString() {
             return new StringBuilder().append(getKey()).append('=').append(getValue()).toString();
         }
     }
+
     /**
      * Base Iterator.
      *
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/AbstractLinkedMap.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/AbstractLinkedMap.java
index 4473831a57..4f17657fba 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/AbstractLinkedMap.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/AbstractLinkedMap.java
@@ -140,8 +140,10 @@ public K previous() {
      * @param  the value type.
      */
     protected static class LinkEntry extends HashEntry {
+
         /** The entry before this one in the order */
         protected LinkEntry before;
+
         /** The entry after this one in the order */
         protected LinkEntry after;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/AbstractReferenceMap.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/AbstractReferenceMap.java
index bf10403514..42f84c2942 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/AbstractReferenceMap.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/AbstractReferenceMap.java
@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractReferenceMap extends AbstractHashedMap
      * Base iterator class.
      */
     static class ReferenceBaseIterator {
+
         /** The parent map */
         final AbstractReferenceMap parent;
 
@@ -197,6 +198,7 @@ public void remove() {
      * @since 3.1
      */
     protected static class ReferenceEntry extends HashEntry {
+
         /** The parent map */
         private final AbstractReferenceMap parent;
 
@@ -588,6 +590,7 @@ public V next() {
      * A soft reference holder.
      */
     static class SoftRef extends SoftReference {
+
         /** The hashCode of the key (even if the reference points to a value) */
         private final int hash;
 
@@ -621,6 +624,7 @@ public int hashCode() {
      * A weak reference holder.
      */
     static class WeakRef extends WeakReference {
+
         /** The hashCode of the key (even if the reference points to a value) */
         private final int hash;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/CompositeMap.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/CompositeMap.java
index 9c26db3f33..8161d6cb1f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/CompositeMap.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/CompositeMap.java
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ public class CompositeMap extends AbstractIterableMap implements Ser
      * @param  the type of the values in the map
      */
     public interface MapMutator extends Serializable {
+
         /**
          * Called when the CompositeMap.put() method is invoked.
          *
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/ConcurrentReferenceHashMap.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/ConcurrentReferenceHashMap.java
index 78a5bc9f5b..79e8e40f92 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/ConcurrentReferenceHashMap.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/ConcurrentReferenceHashMap.java
@@ -625,6 +625,7 @@ public int size() {
      * Behavior-changing configuration options for the map
      */
     public enum Option {
+
         /**
          * Indicates that referential-equality (== instead of .equals()) should be used when locating keys. This offers similar behavior to
          * {@link IdentityHashMap}
@@ -636,14 +637,17 @@ public enum Option {
      * An option specifying which Java reference type should be used to refer to a key and/or value.
      */
     public enum ReferenceType {
+
         /**
          * Indicates a normal Java strong reference should be used
          */
         STRONG,
+
         /**
          * Indicates a {@link WeakReference} should be used
          */
         WEAK,
+
         /**
          * Indicates a {@link SoftReference} should be used
          */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/Flat3Map.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/Flat3Map.java
index ec679989e5..1d68fe033a 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/Flat3Map.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/Flat3Map.java
@@ -161,6 +161,7 @@ public int size() {
             return parent.size();
         }
     }
+
     /**
      * EntrySetIterator and MapEntry
      */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/LRUMap.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/LRUMap.java
index 73ae5c539f..feecbe44c8 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/LRUMap.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/LRUMap.java
@@ -68,11 +68,13 @@ public class LRUMap
 
     /** Serialization version */
     private static final long serialVersionUID = -612114643488955218L;
+
     /** Default maximum size */
     protected static final int DEFAULT_MAX_SIZE = 100;
 
     /** Maximum size */
     private transient int maxSize;
+
     /** Scan behavior */
     private final boolean scanUntilRemovable;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/MultiValueMap.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/MultiValueMap.java
index f75d62389a..7d3cd3c8d2 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/MultiValueMap.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/MultiValueMap.java
@@ -135,6 +135,7 @@ public int size() {
             return totalSize();
         }
     }
+
     /**
      * Inner class that provides the values iterator.
      */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/SingletonMap.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/SingletonMap.java
index c8a29a8ae2..a9f3fc8fbd 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/SingletonMap.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/SingletonMap.java
@@ -183,6 +183,7 @@ public int size() {
             return 1;
         }
     }
+
     /** Serialization version */
     private static final long serialVersionUID = -8931271118676803261L;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/TransformedMap.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/TransformedMap.java
index d358f29539..6dcd47d879 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/TransformedMap.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/TransformedMap.java
@@ -84,6 +84,7 @@ public static  TransformedMap transformedMap(final Map map,
         }
         return decorated;
     }
+
     /**
      * Factory method to create a transforming map.
      * 

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/multiset/AbstractMapMultiSet.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/multiset/AbstractMapMultiSet.java
index 317e7d2c5e..0e24a6e167 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/multiset/AbstractMapMultiSet.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/multiset/AbstractMapMultiSet.java
@@ -96,6 +96,7 @@ public void remove() {
             canRemove = false;
         }
     }
+
     /**
      * Inner class iterator for the MultiSet.
      */
@@ -197,6 +198,7 @@ public E getElement() {
      * Mutable integer class for storing the data.
      */
     protected static class MutableInteger {
+
         /** The value of this mutable. */
         protected int value;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/multiset/SynchronizedMultiSet.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/multiset/SynchronizedMultiSet.java
index 9fdc2188fa..ccffd0946d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/multiset/SynchronizedMultiSet.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/multiset/SynchronizedMultiSet.java
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ public class SynchronizedMultiSet extends SynchronizedCollection implement
      * @param  the type held in this Set.
      */
     static class SynchronizedSet extends SynchronizedCollection implements Set {
+
         /** Serialization version */
         private static final long serialVersionUID = 20150629L;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/sequence/SequencesComparator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/sequence/SequencesComparator.java
index fd50612a20..a16ae01ad2 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/sequence/SequencesComparator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/sequence/SequencesComparator.java
@@ -124,6 +124,7 @@ public int getStart() {
 
     /** The equator used for testing object equality. */
     private final Equator equator;
+
     /** Temporary variables. */
     private final int[] vDown;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/splitmap/TransformedSplitMap.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/splitmap/TransformedSplitMap.java
index daea74af85..b1127a37e1 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/splitmap/TransformedSplitMap.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/splitmap/TransformedSplitMap.java
@@ -92,6 +92,7 @@ public static  TransformedSplitMap transformingMap(final
             final Transformer valueTransformer) {
         return new TransformedSplitMap<>(map, keyTransformer, valueTransformer);
     }
+
     /** The transformer to use for the key */
     private final Transformer keyTransformer;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/trie/AbstractPatriciaTrie.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/trie/AbstractPatriciaTrie.java
index 906d3c6200..a8a367c2ca 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/trie/AbstractPatriciaTrie.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/trie/AbstractPatriciaTrie.java
@@ -342,6 +342,7 @@ public int size() {
             return AbstractPatriciaTrie.this.size();
         }
     }
+
     /**
      * This is a key set view of the {@link org.apache.commons.collections4.Trie} as returned by {@link Map#keySet()}.
      */
@@ -384,6 +385,7 @@ public int size() {
             return AbstractPatriciaTrie.this.size();
         }
     }
+
     /**
      * A prefix {@link RangeEntrySet} view of the {@link org.apache.commons.collections4.Trie}.
      */
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/FactoryUtilsTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/FactoryUtilsTest.java
index c35b5b785f..90f020bffd 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/FactoryUtilsTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/FactoryUtilsTest.java
@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@ public int hashCode() { // please Findbugs
     }
 
     public static class Mock2 implements Serializable {
+
         /**
          * Generated serial version ID.
          */
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/AbstractCellExtractorTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/AbstractCellExtractorTest.java
index 2753bd4d68..0e1a95f19a 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/AbstractCellExtractorTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/AbstractCellExtractorTest.java
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractCellExtractorTest extends AbstractIndexExtractorTe
      * A testing CellConsumer that always returns true.
      */
     private static final CellPredicate TRUE_CONSUMER = (i, j) -> true;
+
     /**
      * A testing CellConsumer that always returns false.
      */
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/AbstractIndexExtractorTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/AbstractIndexExtractorTest.java
index fefc54998c..163743c842 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/AbstractIndexExtractorTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/AbstractIndexExtractorTest.java
@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ int[] toArray() {
     private static final IntPredicate TRUE_PREDICATE = i -> true;
 
     private static final IntPredicate FALSE_PREDICATE = i -> false;
+
     /** Flag to indicate the indices are ordered, for example from {@link IndexExtractor#processIndices(IntPredicate)}. */
     protected static final int ORDERED = 0x1;
 
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/LayeredBloomFilterTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/LayeredBloomFilterTest.java
index de5ba276cd..a4eb2a8553 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/LayeredBloomFilterTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/LayeredBloomFilterTest.java
@@ -260,6 +260,7 @@ void testCleanup() {
         f = underTest.get(0);
         assertEquals(3, f.sequence);  // it is a new one.
     }
+
     /**
      * Tests that the estimated union calculations are correct.
      */
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/TestingHashers.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/TestingHashers.java
index 161e2d0ff0..90dce57897 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/TestingHashers.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/bloomfilter/TestingHashers.java
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
  * A collection of methods and statics that represent standard hashers in testing.
  */
 public class TestingHashers {
+
     /**
      * Hasher that increments from 1.
      */
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/collection/CompositeCollectionTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/collection/CompositeCollectionTest.java
index 4a02113a47..b7116edd76 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/collection/CompositeCollectionTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/collection/CompositeCollectionTest.java
@@ -79,6 +79,7 @@ public Collection makeConfirmedCollection() {
     public Collection makeConfirmedFullCollection() {
         return new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(getFullElements()));
     }
+
     /**
      * Full collection consists of 4 collections, each with one element
      */
@@ -93,6 +94,7 @@ public Collection makeFullCollection() {
         }
         return compositeCollection;
     }
+
     /**
      * Empty collection is empty composite
      */
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/AbstractMockPredicateTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/AbstractMockPredicateTest.java
index ad6e28065c..b4bfeca14c 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/AbstractMockPredicateTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/functors/AbstractMockPredicateTest.java
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
  * provides methods to create and verify mock predicates to which to delegate.
  */
 public abstract class AbstractMockPredicateTest {
+
     /**
      * Mock predicates created by a single test case which need to be verified after the test completes.
      */
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/ExtendedIteratorTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/ExtendedIteratorTest.java
index 612bb60629..21ae019073 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/ExtendedIteratorTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/iterators/ExtendedIteratorTest.java
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
 class ExtendedIteratorTest {
+
     /**
      * Collection of {@link Integer}s
      */
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/SetUniqueListTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/SetUniqueListTest.java
index 9cd1b4bd01..2a22a89c6d 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/SetUniqueListTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/SetUniqueListTest.java
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@
 public class SetUniqueListTest extends AbstractListTest {
 
     final class SetUniqueList307 extends SetUniqueList {
+
         /**
          * Generated serial version ID.
          */
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/AbstractMapTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/AbstractMapTest.java
index 1fa6a52203..1c7ee770aa 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/AbstractMapTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/AbstractMapTest.java
@@ -164,6 +164,7 @@ public Map.Entry getEntry(final Iterator> itConfirmed, fin
         }
 
         // Have to implement manually; entrySet doesn't support addAll
+
         /**
          * {@inheritDoc}
          */
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/EmptyMapMutator.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/EmptyMapMutator.java
index a9871f6672..75520d1e9e 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/EmptyMapMutator.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/EmptyMapMutator.java
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
  * class also has to be serialized.
  */
 final class EmptyMapMutator implements CompositeMap.MapMutator {
+
     /** Serialization version */
     private static final long serialVersionUID = -2729718980002476794L;
 

From b9ad3bd7728ed41c1c258ab7d3df4ab8bbaeeb7a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Mon, 12 Jan 2026 10:49:18 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 29/53] Bump github/codeql-action from 4.31.9 to 4.31.10

---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml     | 6 +++---
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index d7e8c4a82c..c4c4c67879 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ jobs:
 
     # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
     - name: Initialize CodeQL
-      uses: github/codeql-action/init@5d4e8d1aca955e8d8589aabd499c5cae939e33c7 # v4.31.9
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@cdefb33c0f6224e58673d9004f47f7cb3e328b89 # v4.31.10
       with:
         languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
         # If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ jobs:
     # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, or Java).
     # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
     - name: Autobuild
-      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@5d4e8d1aca955e8d8589aabd499c5cae939e33c7 # v4.31.9
+      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@cdefb33c0f6224e58673d9004f47f7cb3e328b89 # v4.31.10
 
     # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
     # 📚 https://git.io/JvXDl
@@ -82,4 +82,4 @@ jobs:
     #   make release
 
     - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@5d4e8d1aca955e8d8589aabd499c5cae939e33c7 # v4.31.9
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@cdefb33c0f6224e58673d9004f47f7cb3e328b89 # v4.31.10
diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index ff3a7cfb9b..31cd7488e7 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -64,6 +64,6 @@ jobs:
           retention-days: 5
 
       - name: "Upload to code-scanning"
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@5d4e8d1aca955e8d8589aabd499c5cae939e33c7 # v4.31.9
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@cdefb33c0f6224e58673d9004f47f7cb3e328b89 # v4.31.10
         with:
           sarif_file: results.sarif

From ca3d5dca50e9114f60b8b75b00cec37b23d48576 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Mon, 12 Jan 2026 11:46:59 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 30/53] Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 94 to 95.

---
 pom.xml                 | 2 +-
 src/changes/changes.xml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index d722763157..9cdfa0710c 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
   
     org.apache.commons
     commons-parent
-    94
+    95
   
   4.0.0
   commons-collections4
diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index 2c5cb27791..8f0a8ff792 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
     Add a Maven benchmark profile for JMH.
     Add a Maven benchmark profile for JMH.
     
-    Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 81 to 94 #612, #645, #662, #663.
+    Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 81 to 95 #612, #645, #662, #663.
     Bump com.google.guava:guava-testlib from 33.3.1-jre to 33.5.0-jre #644.
     Bump PMD from 7.8.0 to 7.13.0 (now inherited from parent POM).
     Bump org.easymock:easymock from 5.5.0 to 5.6.0 #617.

From 99c8a4d11823b554ea9a28015d224ae8bdd4224a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Thu, 15 Jan 2026 12:31:44 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 31/53] Move argument check deeper in.

---
 .../commons/collections4/list/TreeList.java   | 25 ++++++++++++++-----
 .../collections4/list/TreeListTest.java       | 12 +++++++++
 2 files changed, 31 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/TreeList.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/TreeList.java
index a0e1c71450..57c15b24ef 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/TreeList.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/TreeList.java
@@ -804,6 +804,7 @@ static class TreeListIterator implements ListIterator, OrderedIterator
          * @param fromIndex  the index to start at
          */
         protected TreeListIterator(final TreeList parent, final int fromIndex) {
+            checkInterval(fromIndex, 0, parent.size(), parent.size());
             this.parent = parent;
             this.expectedModCount = parent.modCount;
             this.next = parent.root == null ? null : parent.root.get(fromIndex);
@@ -916,6 +917,21 @@ public void set(final E obj) {
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Checks whether the index is valid.
+     *
+     * @param index  the index to check.
+     * @param startIndex  the first allowed index.
+     * @param endIndex  the last allowed index.
+     * @param endIndex  the size.
+     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if the index is invalid
+     */
+    private static void checkInterval(final int index, final int startIndex, final int endIndex, final int size) {
+        if (index < startIndex || index > endIndex) {
+            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Invalid index:" + index + ", size=" + size);
+        }
+    }
+
     /** The root node in the AVL tree */
     private AVLNode root;
 
@@ -994,9 +1010,7 @@ public boolean addAll(final Collection c) {
      * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if the index is invalid
      */
     private void checkInterval(final int index, final int startIndex, final int endIndex) {
-        if (index < startIndex || index > endIndex) {
-            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Invalid index:" + index + ", size=" + size());
-        }
+        checkInterval(index, startIndex, endIndex, size());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1072,14 +1086,13 @@ public ListIterator listIterator() {
     /**
      * Gets a ListIterator over the list.
      *
-     * @param fromIndex  the index to start from
-     * @return the new iterator
+     * @param fromIndex  the index to start from.
+     * @return the new iterator.
      */
     @Override
     public ListIterator listIterator(final int fromIndex) {
         // override to go 75% faster
         // cannot use EmptyIterator as iterator.add() must work
-        checkInterval(fromIndex, 0, size());
         return new TreeListIterator<>(this, fromIndex);
     }
 
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/TreeListTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/TreeListTest.java
index ec5b683e66..1f502208e7 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/TreeListTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/TreeListTest.java
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNull;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -100,6 +101,17 @@ public TreeList makeObject() {
         return new TreeList<>();
     }
 
+    @Test
+    void testPreviousNullPointerException() throws Throwable {
+        final TreeList treeList = new TreeList<>();
+        treeList.add("a");
+        treeList.add("b");
+        assertThrows(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> treeList.listIterator(3).previous());
+        assertThrows(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> new TreeList.TreeListIterator(treeList, 3));
+        // Test doesn't get to previous()
+        assertThrows(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> new TreeList.TreeListIterator(treeList, 3).previous());
+    }
+
     @Test
     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
     void testAddMultiple() {

From 5de03cf773b915d0dbea097162996cb018d03009 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Thu, 15 Jan 2026 12:37:15 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 32/53] Rname test

---
 .../collections4/list/TreeListTest.java       | 42 +++++++++----------
 1 file changed, 21 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/TreeListTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/TreeListTest.java
index 1f502208e7..bff75d2bc7 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/TreeListTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/list/TreeListTest.java
@@ -101,17 +101,6 @@ public TreeList makeObject() {
         return new TreeList<>();
     }
 
-    @Test
-    void testPreviousNullPointerException() throws Throwable {
-        final TreeList treeList = new TreeList<>();
-        treeList.add("a");
-        treeList.add("b");
-        assertThrows(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> treeList.listIterator(3).previous());
-        assertThrows(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> new TreeList.TreeListIterator(treeList, 3));
-        // Test doesn't get to previous()
-        assertThrows(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> new TreeList.TreeListIterator(treeList, 3).previous());
-    }
-
     @Test
     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
     void testAddMultiple() {
@@ -214,16 +203,6 @@ void testIndexOf() {
         assertEquals(0, l.indexOf("3"));
     }
 
-//    void testCheck() {
-//        List l = makeEmptyList();
-//        l.add("A1");
-//        l.add("A2");
-//        l.add("A3");
-//        l.add("A4");
-//        l.add("A5");
-//        l.add("A6");
-//    }
-
     @Test
     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
     void testInsertBefore() {
@@ -234,6 +213,16 @@ void testInsertBefore() {
         assertEquals("erna", l.get(1));
     }
 
+//    void testCheck() {
+//        List l = makeEmptyList();
+//        l.add("A1");
+//        l.add("A2");
+//        l.add("A3");
+//        l.add("A4");
+//        l.add("A5");
+//        l.add("A6");
+//    }
+
     @Test
     @SuppressWarnings("boxing") // OK in test code
     void testIterationOrder() {
@@ -338,4 +327,15 @@ void testRemove() {
         assertEquals("harald", l.get(i++));
     }
 
+    @Test
+    void testTreeListIteratorConstruction() throws Throwable {
+        final TreeList treeList = new TreeList<>();
+        treeList.add("a");
+        treeList.add("b");
+        assertThrows(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> treeList.listIterator(3).previous());
+        assertThrows(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> new TreeList.TreeListIterator(treeList, 3));
+        // Test doesn't get to previous()
+        assertThrows(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> new TreeList.TreeListIterator(treeList, 3).previous());
+    }
+
 }

From 76d204c89edb4fac9990876e664185fb0f8011ea Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Thu, 22 Jan 2026 15:39:17 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 33/53] Bump actions/setup-java from 5.1.0 to 5.2.0

---
 .github/workflows/maven.yml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/maven.yml b/.github/workflows/maven.yml
index e522895d12..fec72d7139 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/maven.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/maven.yml
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ jobs:
         restore-keys: |
           ${{ runner.os }}-maven-
     - name: Set up JDK ${{ matrix.java }}
-      uses: actions/setup-java@f2beeb24e141e01a676f977032f5a29d81c9e27e # v5.1.0
+      uses: actions/setup-java@be666c2fcd27ec809703dec50e508c2fdc7f6654 # v5.2.0
       with:
         distribution: 'temurin'
         java-version: ${{ matrix.java }}

From 3d5ba81e85f6105ddbefec1c4dd532acd0e9b495 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Thu, 22 Jan 2026 18:23:48 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 34/53] Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 95 to 96.

---
 pom.xml                 | 2 +-
 src/changes/changes.xml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index 9cdfa0710c..4ff126545e 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
   
     org.apache.commons
     commons-parent
-    95
+    96
   
   4.0.0
   commons-collections4
diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index 8f0a8ff792..1fd4dd97e6 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
     Add a Maven benchmark profile for JMH.
     Add a Maven benchmark profile for JMH.
     
-    Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 81 to 95 #612, #645, #662, #663.
+    Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 81 to 96 #612, #645, #662, #663.
     Bump com.google.guava:guava-testlib from 33.3.1-jre to 33.5.0-jre #644.
     Bump PMD from 7.8.0 to 7.13.0 (now inherited from parent POM).
     Bump org.easymock:easymock from 5.5.0 to 5.6.0 #617.

From fd8490aea221b82dbca26e462f4e7fa161f45e95 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Fri, 23 Jan 2026 07:43:57 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 35/53] Bump actions/checkout from 6.0.1 to 6.0.2

---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml     | 2 +-
 .github/workflows/dependency-review.yml   | 2 +-
 .github/workflows/maven.yml               | 2 +-
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 4 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index c4c4c67879..cc69f53340 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
     - name: Checkout repository
-      uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+      uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       with:
         persist-credentials: false
     - uses: actions/cache@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
diff --git a/.github/workflows/dependency-review.yml b/.github/workflows/dependency-review.yml
index 1df8666044..a04da50909 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/dependency-review.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/dependency-review.yml
@@ -26,6 +26,6 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: 'Checkout Repository'
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: 'Dependency Review PR'
         uses: actions/dependency-review-action@3c4e3dcb1aa7874d2c16be7d79418e9b7efd6261 # v4.8.2
diff --git a/.github/workflows/maven.yml b/.github/workflows/maven.yml
index fec72d7139..6f6d39bd4c 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/maven.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/maven.yml
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ jobs:
               experimental: true
         
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       with:
         persist-credentials: false
     - uses: actions/cache@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index 31cd7488e7..fe272c1a38 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ jobs:
     steps:
 
       - name: "Checkout code"
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
 

From 4907488764038d2bd8d33a4e5ee8aabe95f11e37 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Mon, 26 Jan 2026 09:36:56 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 36/53] Bump github/codeql-action from 4.31.10 to 4.31.11

---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml     | 6 +++---
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index cc69f53340..17321f5dd1 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ jobs:
 
     # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
     - name: Initialize CodeQL
-      uses: github/codeql-action/init@cdefb33c0f6224e58673d9004f47f7cb3e328b89 # v4.31.10
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@19b2f06db2b6f5108140aeb04014ef02b648f789 # v4.31.11
       with:
         languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
         # If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ jobs:
     # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, or Java).
     # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
     - name: Autobuild
-      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@cdefb33c0f6224e58673d9004f47f7cb3e328b89 # v4.31.10
+      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@19b2f06db2b6f5108140aeb04014ef02b648f789 # v4.31.11
 
     # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
     # 📚 https://git.io/JvXDl
@@ -82,4 +82,4 @@ jobs:
     #   make release
 
     - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@cdefb33c0f6224e58673d9004f47f7cb3e328b89 # v4.31.10
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@19b2f06db2b6f5108140aeb04014ef02b648f789 # v4.31.11
diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index fe272c1a38..732fdd6e03 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -64,6 +64,6 @@ jobs:
           retention-days: 5
 
       - name: "Upload to code-scanning"
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@cdefb33c0f6224e58673d9004f47f7cb3e328b89 # v4.31.10
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@19b2f06db2b6f5108140aeb04014ef02b648f789 # v4.31.11
         with:
           sarif_file: results.sarif

From 68d0075256ec676f4fc480c9d925a62994cc205c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Wed, 28 Jan 2026 08:39:04 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 37/53] Update test to match InterruptedException guidelines

---
 .../java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/LRUMapTest.java  | 4 ++++
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/LRUMapTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/LRUMapTest.java
index b15998dbe1..db65f2e2a7 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/LRUMapTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/LRUMapTest.java
@@ -612,6 +612,7 @@ public void run() {
                             map.entrySet().removeIf(entry -> entry.getValue() == this);
                         }
                     } catch (final InterruptedException e) {
+                        interrupt();
                         fail("Unexpected InterruptedException");
                     }
                     if (i > 0) {
@@ -696,6 +697,7 @@ public void run() {
                             }
                         }
                     } catch (final InterruptedException e) {
+                        interrupt();
                         fail("Unexpected InterruptedException");
                     }
                     if (i > 0) {
@@ -780,6 +782,7 @@ public void run() {
                             }
                         }
                     } catch (final InterruptedException e) {
+                        interrupt();
                         fail("Unexpected InterruptedException");
                     }
                     if (i > 0) {
@@ -859,6 +862,7 @@ public void run() {
                             map.values().removeIf(thread1 -> thread1 == this);
                         }
                     } catch (final InterruptedException e) {
+                        interrupt();
                         fail("Unexpected InterruptedException");
                     }
                     if (i > 0) {

From ef212d1f02c73b3336dd7df793ee43adf77e0c81 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Wed, 28 Jan 2026 15:45:10 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 38/53] Bump github/codeql-action from 4.31.11 to 4.32.0

---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml     | 6 +++---
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index 17321f5dd1..658b44aef9 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ jobs:
 
     # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
     - name: Initialize CodeQL
-      uses: github/codeql-action/init@19b2f06db2b6f5108140aeb04014ef02b648f789 # v4.31.11
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@b20883b0cd1f46c72ae0ba6d1090936928f9fa30 # v4.32.0
       with:
         languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
         # If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ jobs:
     # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, or Java).
     # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
     - name: Autobuild
-      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@19b2f06db2b6f5108140aeb04014ef02b648f789 # v4.31.11
+      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@b20883b0cd1f46c72ae0ba6d1090936928f9fa30 # v4.32.0
 
     # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
     # 📚 https://git.io/JvXDl
@@ -82,4 +82,4 @@ jobs:
     #   make release
 
     - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@19b2f06db2b6f5108140aeb04014ef02b648f789 # v4.31.11
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@b20883b0cd1f46c72ae0ba6d1090936928f9fa30 # v4.32.0
diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index 732fdd6e03..9f29f6c5fe 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -64,6 +64,6 @@ jobs:
           retention-days: 5
 
       - name: "Upload to code-scanning"
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@19b2f06db2b6f5108140aeb04014ef02b648f789 # v4.31.11
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@b20883b0cd1f46c72ae0ba6d1090936928f9fa30 # v4.32.0
         with:
           sarif_file: results.sarif

From c08e9a90c1d1fe20ded8399fb67b320840ac935d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Thu, 29 Jan 2026 17:32:27 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 39/53] Bump commons-codec:commons-codec from 1.20.0 to 1.21.0.

---
 pom.xml                 | 2 +-
 src/changes/changes.xml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index 4ff126545e..7cabeb09cc 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@
     
       commons-codec
       commons-codec
-      1.20.0
+      1.21.0
       true
     
     
diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index 1fd4dd97e6..112809f79e 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
     Bump org.easymock:easymock from 5.5.0 to 5.6.0 #617.
     [test] Bump org.apache.commons:commons-lang3 from 3.17.0 to 3.20.0 #625.
     [test] Bump commons-io:commons-io from 2.19.0 to 2.21.0.
-    Bump commons-codec:commons-codec from 1.18.0 to 1.20.0.
+    Bump commons-codec:commons-codec from 1.18.0 to 1.21.0.
   
   
     

From d4319d8c301821e86bfc1bcbebcc138e1ed145dd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2026 12:34:49 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 40/53] Bump github/codeql-action from 4.32.0 to 4.32.2

---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml     | 6 +++---
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index 658b44aef9..3fb81ad790 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ jobs:
 
     # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
     - name: Initialize CodeQL
-      uses: github/codeql-action/init@b20883b0cd1f46c72ae0ba6d1090936928f9fa30 # v4.32.0
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@45cbd0c69e560cd9e7cd7f8c32362050c9b7ded2 # v4.32.2
       with:
         languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
         # If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ jobs:
     # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, or Java).
     # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
     - name: Autobuild
-      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@b20883b0cd1f46c72ae0ba6d1090936928f9fa30 # v4.32.0
+      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@45cbd0c69e560cd9e7cd7f8c32362050c9b7ded2 # v4.32.2
 
     # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
     # 📚 https://git.io/JvXDl
@@ -82,4 +82,4 @@ jobs:
     #   make release
 
     - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@b20883b0cd1f46c72ae0ba6d1090936928f9fa30 # v4.32.0
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@45cbd0c69e560cd9e7cd7f8c32362050c9b7ded2 # v4.32.2
diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index 9f29f6c5fe..e309855360 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -64,6 +64,6 @@ jobs:
           retention-days: 5
 
       - name: "Upload to code-scanning"
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@b20883b0cd1f46c72ae0ba6d1090936928f9fa30 # v4.32.0
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@45cbd0c69e560cd9e7cd7f8c32362050c9b7ded2 # v4.32.2
         with:
           sarif_file: results.sarif

From 7f1374e7a9d240fb5c0ba3ab4076b3c97432a917 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2026 09:23:17 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 41/53] Use 	max-parallel: 20 as asked by Apache Infra

---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml | 1 +
 .github/workflows/maven.yml           | 1 +
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index 3fb81ad790..858b59d146 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ jobs:
       security-events: write
 
     strategy:
+      max-parallel: 20
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         language: [ 'java' ]
diff --git a/.github/workflows/maven.yml b/.github/workflows/maven.yml
index 6f6d39bd4c..24b8dbba83 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/maven.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/maven.yml
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     continue-on-error: ${{ matrix.experimental }}
     strategy:
+      max-parallel: 20
       matrix:
         java: [ 8, 11, 17, 21, 25 ]
         experimental: [false]

From 9555b493b23672f48e1b089db0507590e8619a61 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2026 13:11:30 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 42/53] Bump actions/cache from 5.0.2 to 5.0.3

---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 .github/workflows/maven.yml           | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index 858b59d146..9ccfb03278 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ jobs:
       uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       with:
         persist-credentials: false
-    - uses: actions/cache@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/cache@cdf6c1fa76f9f475f3d7449005a359c84ca0f306 #v5.0.3
       with:
         path: ~/.m2/repository
         key: ${{ runner.os }}-maven-${{ hashFiles('**/pom.xml') }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/maven.yml b/.github/workflows/maven.yml
index 24b8dbba83..70680be10f 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/maven.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/maven.yml
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ jobs:
     - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       with:
         persist-credentials: false
-    - uses: actions/cache@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/cache@cdf6c1fa76f9f475f3d7449005a359c84ca0f306 #v5.0.3
       with:
         path: ~/.m2/repository
         key: ${{ runner.os }}-maven-${{ hashFiles('**/pom.xml') }}

From ba48e2013f589f86b506a312093d12128160e2b6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2026 10:07:46 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 43/53] Normalize Javadoc spelling

---
 RELEASE-NOTES.txt       | 2 +-
 src/changes/changes.xml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/RELEASE-NOTES.txt b/RELEASE-NOTES.txt
index d615e65a9a..473141ccfe 100644
--- a/RELEASE-NOTES.txt
+++ b/RELEASE-NOTES.txt
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ Fixed Bugs
 * COLLECTIONS-836:  Correct test of BidiMap to optionally ignore testing the key set matches the values order.
                  Ordering is not specified for some BidiMaps such as DualHashBidiMaps. Thanks to Anant Dahiya. 
 * COLLECTIONS-737:  Return 0 immediately if the given iterable is null in IterableUtils#size. Update tests. Thanks to Prodigysov. 
-* COLLECTIONS-697:  JavaDoc for FixedSizeList should warn that modifying underlying list is still allowed and is not prevented Thanks to Ranjan George. 
+* COLLECTIONS-697:  Javadoc for FixedSizeList should warn that modifying underlying list is still allowed and is not prevented Thanks to Ranjan George. 
 * Fill in some map test cases #104. Thanks to dota17. 
 * COLLECTIONS-738:  Remove the redundant assertNull in IterableUtilsTest.find and update Javadocs. Thanks to Pengyu Nie. 
 * COLLECTIONS-724:  Simplify two remove-if loops #77. Thanks to Eitan Adler. 
diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index 112809f79e..6c2ee7d99d 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@
       Return 0 immediately if the given iterable is null in IterableUtils#size. Update tests.
     
     
-      JavaDoc for FixedSizeList should warn that modifying underlying list is still allowed and is not prevented
+      Javadoc for FixedSizeList should warn that modifying underlying list is still allowed and is not prevented
     
     
       Fill in some map test cases #104.

From 40c0cb45fd93f33d6168c9c4ad8346528cd6b2ba Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2026 07:41:55 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 44/53] Bump github/codeql-action from 4.32.2 to 4.32.3

---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml     | 6 +++---
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index 9ccfb03278..b1f4f562df 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ jobs:
 
     # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
     - name: Initialize CodeQL
-      uses: github/codeql-action/init@45cbd0c69e560cd9e7cd7f8c32362050c9b7ded2 # v4.32.2
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@9e907b5e64f6b83e7804b09294d44122997950d6 # v4.32.3
       with:
         languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
         # If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ jobs:
     # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, or Java).
     # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
     - name: Autobuild
-      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@45cbd0c69e560cd9e7cd7f8c32362050c9b7ded2 # v4.32.2
+      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@9e907b5e64f6b83e7804b09294d44122997950d6 # v4.32.3
 
     # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
     # 📚 https://git.io/JvXDl
@@ -83,4 +83,4 @@ jobs:
     #   make release
 
     - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@45cbd0c69e560cd9e7cd7f8c32362050c9b7ded2 # v4.32.2
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@9e907b5e64f6b83e7804b09294d44122997950d6 # v4.32.3
diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index e309855360..a455aa276e 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -64,6 +64,6 @@ jobs:
           retention-days: 5
 
       - name: "Upload to code-scanning"
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@45cbd0c69e560cd9e7cd7f8c32362050c9b7ded2 # v4.32.2
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@9e907b5e64f6b83e7804b09294d44122997950d6 # v4.32.3
         with:
           sarif_file: results.sarif

From f42a7af2662546b4a7f8a7166c1c0cbd2b638980 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2026 10:58:31 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 45/53] Bump github/codeql-action from 4.32.0 to 4.32.4

---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml     | 6 +++---
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index b1f4f562df..6c4aa3f571 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ jobs:
 
     # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
     - name: Initialize CodeQL
-      uses: github/codeql-action/init@9e907b5e64f6b83e7804b09294d44122997950d6 # v4.32.3
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@89a39a4e59826350b863aa6b6252a07ad50cf83e # v4.32.4
       with:
         languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
         # If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ jobs:
     # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, or Java).
     # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
     - name: Autobuild
-      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@9e907b5e64f6b83e7804b09294d44122997950d6 # v4.32.3
+      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@89a39a4e59826350b863aa6b6252a07ad50cf83e # v4.32.4
 
     # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
     # 📚 https://git.io/JvXDl
@@ -83,4 +83,4 @@ jobs:
     #   make release
 
     - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@9e907b5e64f6b83e7804b09294d44122997950d6 # v4.32.3
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@89a39a4e59826350b863aa6b6252a07ad50cf83e # v4.32.4
diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index a455aa276e..38bdab4807 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -64,6 +64,6 @@ jobs:
           retention-days: 5
 
       - name: "Upload to code-scanning"
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@9e907b5e64f6b83e7804b09294d44122997950d6 # v4.32.3
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@89a39a4e59826350b863aa6b6252a07ad50cf83e # v4.32.4
         with:
           sarif_file: results.sarif

From b249c17b30d4f71ecb9b659faca57e0b23997a10 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2026 20:43:40 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 46/53] Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 96 to 97.

---
 pom.xml                 | 2 +-
 src/changes/changes.xml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index 7cabeb09cc..df28581c9a 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
   
     org.apache.commons
     commons-parent
-    96
+    97
   
   4.0.0
   commons-collections4
diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index 6c2ee7d99d..70967d8b4f 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
     Add a Maven benchmark profile for JMH.
     Add a Maven benchmark profile for JMH.
     
-    Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 81 to 96 #612, #645, #662, #663.
+    Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 81 to 97 #612, #645, #662, #663.
     Bump com.google.guava:guava-testlib from 33.3.1-jre to 33.5.0-jre #644.
     Bump PMD from 7.8.0 to 7.13.0 (now inherited from parent POM).
     Bump org.easymock:easymock from 5.5.0 to 5.6.0 #617.

From 5aa50717a2ab16b987260c09fe8db9bec26cbaa9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Mon, 2 Mar 2026 08:33:54 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 47/53] Bump github/codeql-action from 4.32.4 to 4.32.5

---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml     | 6 +++---
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index 6c4aa3f571..e2ee451b4e 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ jobs:
 
     # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
     - name: Initialize CodeQL
-      uses: github/codeql-action/init@89a39a4e59826350b863aa6b6252a07ad50cf83e # v4.32.4
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@c793b717bc78562f491db7b0e93a3a178b099162 # v4.32.5
       with:
         languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
         # If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ jobs:
     # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, or Java).
     # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
     - name: Autobuild
-      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@89a39a4e59826350b863aa6b6252a07ad50cf83e # v4.32.4
+      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@c793b717bc78562f491db7b0e93a3a178b099162 # v4.32.5
 
     # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
     # 📚 https://git.io/JvXDl
@@ -83,4 +83,4 @@ jobs:
     #   make release
 
     - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@89a39a4e59826350b863aa6b6252a07ad50cf83e # v4.32.4
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@c793b717bc78562f491db7b0e93a3a178b099162 # v4.32.5
diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index 38bdab4807..39d141fbbe 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -64,6 +64,6 @@ jobs:
           retention-days: 5
 
       - name: "Upload to code-scanning"
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@89a39a4e59826350b863aa6b6252a07ad50cf83e # v4.32.4
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@c793b717bc78562f491db7b0e93a3a178b099162 # v4.32.5
         with:
           sarif_file: results.sarif

From c1d1aa92f46b22879bedcb9cac4d19c413786e36 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Fri, 6 Mar 2026 07:35:48 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 48/53] Bump github/codeql-action from 4.32.5 to 4.32.6

---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml     | 6 +++---
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index e2ee451b4e..4c52d9d27d 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ jobs:
 
     # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
     - name: Initialize CodeQL
-      uses: github/codeql-action/init@c793b717bc78562f491db7b0e93a3a178b099162 # v4.32.5
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@0d579ffd059c29b07949a3cce3983f0780820c98 # v4.32.6
       with:
         languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
         # If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ jobs:
     # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, or Java).
     # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
     - name: Autobuild
-      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@c793b717bc78562f491db7b0e93a3a178b099162 # v4.32.5
+      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@0d579ffd059c29b07949a3cce3983f0780820c98 # v4.32.6
 
     # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
     # 📚 https://git.io/JvXDl
@@ -83,4 +83,4 @@ jobs:
     #   make release
 
     - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@c793b717bc78562f491db7b0e93a3a178b099162 # v4.32.5
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@0d579ffd059c29b07949a3cce3983f0780820c98 # v4.32.6
diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index 39d141fbbe..c0b99d163c 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -64,6 +64,6 @@ jobs:
           retention-days: 5
 
       - name: "Upload to code-scanning"
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@c793b717bc78562f491db7b0e93a3a178b099162 # v4.32.5
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@0d579ffd059c29b07949a3cce3983f0780820c98 # v4.32.6
         with:
           sarif_file: results.sarif

From be6b6e49c2a9facffb534b921a37a3b948fa52ac Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Mon, 9 Mar 2026 08:43:35 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 49/53] Bump actions/upload-artifact from 6.0.0 to 7.0.0

---
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index c0b99d163c..a35bf86eeb 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ jobs:
           publish_results: true
 
       - name: "Upload artifact"
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@b7c566a772e6b6bfb58ed0dc250532a479d7789f    # v6.0.0
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@bbbca2ddaa5d8feaa63e36b76fdaad77386f024f # v7.0.0
         with:
           name: SARIF file
           path: results.sarif

From 6f2ec59aef95b6528d1a2818d381fc19a82c724a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Thu, 19 Mar 2026 19:39:10 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 50/53] Javadpc

---
 .../org/apache/commons/collections4/trie/PatriciaTrieTest.java  | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/trie/PatriciaTrieTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/trie/PatriciaTrieTest.java
index 9da685ef53..d063257417 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/trie/PatriciaTrieTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/trie/PatriciaTrieTest.java
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
 /**
- * JUnit tests for the PatriciaTrie.
+ * Tests {@link PatriciaTrie}.
  *
  * @param  the value type.
  */

From 33930cf1a3c3ca30b25bfe75d15e49de4aaa85cb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Thu, 19 Mar 2026 23:46:29 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 51/53] Add a reference to safe deserlialization

---
 src/site/xdoc/security.xml | 7 ++++++-
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/security.xml b/src/site/xdoc/security.xml
index 01b6c83c50..2764a363bd 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/security.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/security.xml
@@ -110,5 +110,10 @@
         
Please report any errors or omissions to the dev mailing list.
       
-    
+    

+      

+      For information about safe deserialization, please see Safe Deserialization.
+      
+    
+  
 

From 3e713212929fc5e51793203c40006c57eeb0e9bb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Fri, 20 Mar 2026 17:32:04 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 52/53] Bump github/codeql-action from 4.32.6 to 4.34.0

---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml     | 6 +++---
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index 4c52d9d27d..e072e3dd79 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ jobs:
 
     # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
     - name: Initialize CodeQL
-      uses: github/codeql-action/init@0d579ffd059c29b07949a3cce3983f0780820c98 # v4.32.6
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@c6f931105cb2c34c8f901cc885ba1e2e259cf745 # v4.34.0
       with:
         languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
         # If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ jobs:
     # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, or Java).
     # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
     - name: Autobuild
-      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@0d579ffd059c29b07949a3cce3983f0780820c98 # v4.32.6
+      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@c6f931105cb2c34c8f901cc885ba1e2e259cf745 # v4.34.0
 
     # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
     # 📚 https://git.io/JvXDl
@@ -83,4 +83,4 @@ jobs:
     #   make release
 
     - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@0d579ffd059c29b07949a3cce3983f0780820c98 # v4.32.6
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@c6f931105cb2c34c8f901cc885ba1e2e259cf745 # v4.34.0
diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index a35bf86eeb..7182c34001 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -64,6 +64,6 @@ jobs:
           retention-days: 5
 
       - name: "Upload to code-scanning"
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@0d579ffd059c29b07949a3cce3983f0780820c98 # v4.32.6
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@c6f931105cb2c34c8f901cc885ba1e2e259cf745 # v4.34.0
         with:
           sarif_file: results.sarif

From b780c2989ebc3423ead8637c48afd20cbf9f805e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory 
Date: Sun, 22 Mar 2026 22:23:17 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 53/53] Javadoc

---
 .../commons/collections4/map/ConcurrentReferenceHashMap.java  | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/ConcurrentReferenceHashMap.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/ConcurrentReferenceHashMap.java
index 79e8e40f92..c7cdea3950 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/ConcurrentReferenceHashMap.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/collections4/map/ConcurrentReferenceHashMap.java
@@ -622,7 +622,7 @@ public int size() {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Behavior-changing configuration options for the map
+     * Enumerates eehavior-changing configuration options for the map.
      */
     public enum Option {
 
@@ -634,7 +634,7 @@ public enum Option {
     }
 
     /**
-     * An option specifying which Java reference type should be used to refer to a key and/or value.
+     * Enumerates which Java reference type should be used to refer to a key and/or value.
      */
     public enum ReferenceType {