@@ -117,9 +117,9 @@ What is ruby?</h3>
117117 the spacing between these Kanji characters is adjusted.
118118 (This happens around the fourth Kanji character in the figure above.)
119119 To avoid variable spacing between the Kanji characters in the example above
120- the hiragana annotations can be styled as a <i> collapsed annotation</i> ,
120+ the hiragana annotations can be styled as a [= collapsed annotation=] ,
121121 which will look more like the group-ruby example earlier.
122- However because the base-annotation pairings are recorded in the ruby structure,
122+ However because the base-annotation [= pairings=] are recorded in the ruby structure,
123123 if the text breaks across lines, the annotation characters will stay
124124 correctly paired with their respective base characters.
125125 </div>
@@ -141,14 +141,14 @@ Ruby Box Model</h2>
141141 one or more <i> ruby base</i> elements representing the base (annotated) text,
142142 associated with one or more levels of <i> ruby annotation</i> elements representing the annotations.
143143 The structure of ruby is similar to that of a table:
144- there are “rows” (the <i lt=" base level"> base text level</i> , each <i> annotation level</i> )
144+ there are “rows” (the [= base text level=] , each [= annotation level=] )
145145 and “columns” (each <i> ruby base</i> and its corresponding <i> ruby annotations</i> ).
146146
147- <p> Consecutive bases and annotations are grouped together into <i> ruby segments</i> .
148- Within a <i> ruby segment</i> , a <i> ruby annotation</i> may span multiple <i> ruby bases</i> .
147+ <p> Consecutive bases and annotations are grouped together into [= ruby segments=] .
148+ Within a [= ruby segment=] , a <i> ruby annotation</i> may span multiple <i> ruby bases</i> .
149149
150- <p class="note"> In HTML, a single <code> <ruby></code> element may contain multiple <i> ruby segments</i> .
151- (In the XHTML Ruby model, a single <code> <ruby></code> element can only contain one <i> ruby segment</i> .)
150+ <p class="note"> In HTML, a single <code> <ruby></code> element may contain multiple [= ruby segments=] .
151+ (In the XHTML Ruby model, a single <code> <ruby></code> element can only contain one [= ruby segment=] .)
152152
153153<h3 id="ruby-display">
154154Ruby-specific 'display' Values</h3>
@@ -298,16 +298,16 @@ Anonymous Ruby Box Generation</h3>
298298 as described below.
299299
300300 <li id="anony-gen-trim-space"><strong> Trim leading/trailing white space:</strong>
301- Any <i> intra-ruby white space</i>
301+ Any [= intra-ruby white space=]
302302 that is not the sole child of its parent
303303 and occurs at the beginning or end of
304304 a <i> ruby container</i> , <i> ruby annotation container</i> , or <i> ruby base container</i>
305305 is removed, as if it had ''display: none''
306306
307307 <li id="anon-gen-discard-space"><strong> Remove inter-level white space:</strong>
308- Any <i> intra-ruby white space</i>
308+ Any [= intra-ruby white space=]
309309 whose immediately adjacent siblings match one of the patterns below
310- is <dfn>inter-level white space</dfn>
310+ is <dfn noexport >inter-level white space</dfn>
311311 and is removed, as if it had ''display: none'' .
312312 <table class="data">
313313 <thead>
@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ Anonymous Ruby Box Generation</h3>
331331 </table>
332332
333333 <li id="anon-gen-interpret-space"><strong> Interpret intra-level white space:</strong>
334- Any <i> intra-ruby white space</i> box
334+ Any [= intra-ruby white space=] box
335335 whose immediately adjacent siblings match one of the patterns below
336336 is assigned the box type and subtype defined in the table below:
337337 <table class="data">
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@ Anonymous Ruby Box Generation</h3>
361361 <td><i> ruby base</i> or <i> ruby base container</i>
362362 </table>
363363 The <dfn>intra-level white space</dfn> boxes defined above are
364- treated specially for pairing and layout. See below.
364+ treated specially for [= pairing=] and layout. See below.
365365
366366 <li id="anon-gen-unbreak"><strong> Suppress line breaks:</strong>
367367 Convert all forced line breaks inside <i> ruby annotations</i> (regardless of 'white-space' value)
@@ -371,10 +371,10 @@ Anonymous Ruby Box Generation</h3>
371371
372372 <li id="anon-gen-anon-containers"><strong> Generate anonymous level containers:</strong>
373373 Any consecutive sequence of <i> ruby bases</i> and <i> inter-base white space</i>
374- (and not <i> inter-segment white space</i> )
374+ (and not [= inter-segment white space=] )
375375 not parented by a <i> ruby base container</i>
376376 is wrapped in an anonymous <i> ruby base container</i> .
377- Similarly, any consecutive sequence of <i> ruby annotations</i> and <i> inter-annotation white space</i>
377+ Similarly, any consecutive sequence of <i> ruby annotations</i> and [= inter-annotation white space=]
378378 not parented by a <i> ruby annotation container</i>
379379 is wrapped in an anonymous <i> ruby annotation container</i> .
380380 </ol>
@@ -386,9 +386,9 @@ Anonymous Ruby Box Generation</h3>
386386
387387 <p class="note">
388388 Note that the UA is not required to create any of these anonymous boxes
389- (or the anonymous empty <i> intra-level white space</i> boxes in the pairing section )
389+ (or the anonymous empty [= intra-level white space=] boxes in [[#ruby- pairing]] )
390390 in its internal structures,
391- as long as pairing and layout behaves as if they existed.
391+ as long as [= pairing=] and layout behaves as if they existed.
392392
393393<h3 id="ruby-pairing">
394394Annotation Pairing</h3>
@@ -397,18 +397,18 @@ Annotation Pairing</h3>
397397 <i> ruby annotations</i> with <i> ruby bases</i> .
398398 Each <i> ruby annotation</i> is associated with one or more <i> ruby bases</i> ,
399399 and is said to <dfn>span</dfn> those bases.
400- (A <i> ruby annotation</i> that <i> spans</i> multiple bases is called
400+ (A <i> ruby annotation</i> that [= spans=] multiple bases is called
401401 a <dfn>spanning annotation</dfn> .)
402402
403403 A <i> ruby base</i> is can be associated with
404- only one <i> ruby annotation</i> per <i> annotation level</i> .
405- However, if there are multiple <i> annotation levels</i> ,
404+ only one <i> ruby annotation</i> per [= annotation level=] .
405+ However, if there are multiple [= annotation levels=] ,
406406 it can be associated with multiple <i> ruby annotations</i> .
407407
408- Once pairing is complete, ruby “column” units are defined,
408+ Once [= pairing=] is complete, ruby “column” units are defined,
409409 each represented by a single <i> ruby base</i>
410410 and one <i> ruby annotation</i> (possibly an empty, anonymous one)
411- from each <i> annotation level</i> in its <i> ruby segment</i> .
411+ from each [= annotation level=] in its [= ruby segment=] .
412412
413413
414414<h4 id="segment-pairing">
@@ -417,12 +417,12 @@ Segment Pairing and Annotation Levels</h4>
417417 <p> A ruby structure is divided into <dfn>ruby segments</dfn> ,
418418 each consisting of a single <i> ruby base container</i>
419419 followed by one or more <i> ruby annotation containers</i> .
420- Each <i> ruby annotation container</i> in a <i> ruby segment</i>
420+ Each <i> ruby annotation container</i> in a [= ruby segment=]
421421 represents one <dfn lt="annotation level | level">level</dfn> of annotation for the base text:
422422 the first one represents the first level of annotation,
423423 the second one represents the second level of annotation,
424424 and so on.
425- The <i> ruby base container</i> represents the <dfn>base level</dfn> .
425+ The <i> ruby base container</i> represents the <dfn lt="base level | base text level" >base level</dfn> .
426426 The <i> ruby base container</i> in each segment is thus paired
427427 with each of the <i> ruby annotation containers</i> in that segment.
428428
@@ -434,20 +434,20 @@ Segment Pairing and Annotation Levels</h4>
434434 anonymous, empty <i> ruby annotation containers</i> are assumed to exist between them.
435435 </ul>
436436
437- <p><i> Inter-segment white space</i> is effectively a <i> ruby segment</i> of its own.
437+ <p><i> Inter-segment white space</i> is effectively a [= ruby segment=] of its own.
438438
439439<h4 id="base-annotation-pairing">
440440Unit Pairing and Spanning Annotations</h4>
441441
442- <p> Within a <i> ruby segment</i> ,
442+ <p> Within a [= ruby segment=] ,
443443 each <i> ruby base</i> in the <i> ruby base container</i>
444444 is paired with one <i> ruby annotation</i>
445- from each <i> ruby annotation container</i> in its <i> ruby segment</i> .
445+ from each <i> ruby annotation container</i> in its [= ruby segment=] .
446446
447447 <p> If a <i> ruby annotation container</i> contains only
448448 a single, anonymous <i> ruby annotation</i> ,
449- then that <i> ruby annotation</i> is paired with (i.e. <i> spans</i> across)
450- all of the <i> ruby bases</i> in its <i> ruby segment</i> .
449+ then that <i> ruby annotation</i> is paired with (i.e. [= spans=] across)
450+ all of the <i> ruby bases</i> in its [= ruby segment=] .
451451
452452 <p> Otherwise, each <i> ruby annotation</i> is paired,
453453 in order, with the corresponding <i> ruby base</i> in that segment</i> .
@@ -460,22 +460,22 @@ Unit Pairing and Spanning Annotations</h4>
460460
461461 <p> If an implementation supports ruby markup with explicit spanning
462462 (e.g. XHTML Complex Ruby Annotations),
463- it must adjust the pairing rules to pair <i> spanning annotations</i>
463+ it must adjust the [= pairing=] rules to pair [= spanning annotations=]
464464 to their bases appropriately.
465465
466- <p><i> Intra-level white space</i> does not participate in standard annotation <i> pairing</i> .
466+ <p><i> Intra-level white space</i> does not participate in standard annotation [= pairing=] .
467467 However, if the immediately-adjacent <i> ruby bases</i> or <i> ruby annotations</i>
468468 are paired
469469 <ul>
470470 <li> with two <i> ruby bases</i> or <i lt="ruby annotations"> annotations</i>
471- that surround corresponding <i> intra-level white space</i> in another level,
472- then the so-corresponding <i> intra-level white space</i> boxes are also paired.
471+ that surround corresponding [= intra-level white space=] in another level,
472+ then the so-corresponding [= intra-level white space=] boxes are also paired.
473473 <li> with a single spanning <i> ruby annotation</i> ,
474- then the <i> intra-level white space</i> is also paired to that <i> ruby annotation</i>
474+ then the [= intra-level white space=] is also paired to that <i> ruby annotation</i>
475475 <li> with two <i> ruby bases</i> or <i lt="ruby annotations"> annotations</i>
476- with no intervening <i> intra-level white space</i> ,
477- then the <i> intra-level white space</i> box pairs with
478- an anonymous empty <i> intra-level white space</i> box assumed to exist between them.
476+ with no intervening [= intra-level white space=] ,
477+ then the [= intra-level white space=] box pairs with
478+ an anonymous empty [= intra-level white space=] box assumed to exist between them.
479479 </ul>
480480
481481 <p class="issue"> Insert diagram</p>
@@ -484,15 +484,15 @@ Unit Pairing and Spanning Annotations</h4>
484484Complex Spanning with Nested Ruby</h4>
485485
486486 <p> When <i> ruby containers</i> are <dfn lt="nested ruby">nested</dfn> ,
487- pairing begins with the deepest <i> ruby container</i> ,
487+ [= pairing=] begins with the deepest <i> ruby container</i> ,
488488 then expands out.
489- From the pairing perspective of the outer <i> ruby container</i> ,
489+ From the [= pairing=] perspective of the outer <i> ruby container</i> ,
490490 each <i> ruby container</i> nested within another <i> ruby container</i>
491491 counts as representing a single <i> ruby base</i> /<i> annotation</i> per level.
492- The outer <i> ruby container</i> ’s <i> ruby annotations</i> paired to the <i> nested ruby</i>
493- are therefore paired with (and <i> span</i> ) all of the nested <i> ruby container</i> ’s <i> ruby bases</i> .
492+ The outer <i> ruby container</i> ’s <i> ruby annotations</i> paired to the [= nested ruby=]
493+ are therefore paired with (and [= span=] ) all of the nested <i> ruby container</i> ’s <i> ruby bases</i> .
494494 Each <i> ruby annotation container</i> in the nested <i> ruby container</i>
495- occupies the same <i> annotation level</i> in the outer <i> ruby container</i>
495+ occupies the same [= annotation level=] in the outer <i> ruby container</i>
496496 as it does in the inner one
497497 and participates in its layout as if it were directly contained in the outer <i> ruby container</i> .
498498
@@ -509,13 +509,13 @@ Autohiding Base-identical Annotations</h3>
509509
510510 <p> If a <i> ruby annotation</i> has the exact same text content as its base,
511511 it is <dfn lt="hidden ruby annotation | hidden annotation">hidden</dfn> .
512- Hiding a <i> ruby annotation</i> does not affect annotation pairing
513- or the block-axis positioning of boxes in other <i> levels</i> .
514- However the <i> hidden annotation</i> is not visible,
512+ Hiding a <i> ruby annotation</i> does not affect annotation [= pairing=]
513+ or the block-axis positioning of boxes in other [= levels=] .
514+ However the [= hidden annotation=] is not visible,
515515 and it has no impact on layout
516516 other than to separate adjacent sequences of <i> ruby annotation boxes</i> within its level,
517517 as if they belonged to separate segments
518- and the <i> hidden annotation</i> ’s base were not a <i> ruby base</i> but an intervening inline.
518+ and the [= hidden annotation=] ’s base were not a <i> ruby base</i> but an intervening inline.
519519
520520 <div class="example">
521521 <p> This is to allow correct inlined display of annotations
@@ -571,12 +571,12 @@ White Space Collapsing</h3>
571571<!-- --></ruby></pre>
572572 </div>
573573
574- <p> Between <i> ruby segments</i> , between <i> ruby bases</i> , and between <i> ruby annotations</i> , however,
574+ <p> Between [= ruby segments=] , between <i> ruby bases</i> , and between <i> ruby annotations</i> , however,
575575 white space is not discarded,
576576 and is maintained for rendering
577- as <i lt=" inter-base white space"> inter-base</i> ,
578- <i lt=" inter-annotation white space"> inter-annotation</i> ,
579- or <i> inter-segment white space</i> .
577+ as [= inter-base white space| inter-base=] ,
578+ [= inter-annotation white space| inter-annotation=] ,
579+ or [= inter-segment white space=] .
580580 (See <a href="#box-fixup">Anonymous Ruby Box Generation</a> , above.)
581581
582582 <div class="example">
@@ -597,7 +597,7 @@ White Space Collapsing</h3>
597597
598598 <p> Where undiscarded white space is <i> collapsible</i> , it will collapse
599599 following the standard <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/css3-text/#white-space-rules">white space processing rules</a> . [[!CSS3TEXT]]
600- For <i> collapsible white space</i> between <i> ruby segments</i> ( <i> inter-segment white space</i> ), however,
600+ For <i> collapsible white space</i> between [= ruby segments=] ( [= inter-segment white space=] ), however,
601601 the contextual text for determining collapsing behavior is given by the <i> ruby bases</i> on either side,
602602 not the text on either side of the white space in source document order.
603603
@@ -625,13 +625,13 @@ White Space Collapsing</h3>
625625Ruby Layout</h2>
626626
627627 <p> When a ruby structure is laid out,
628- its <i> base level</i> is laid out on the line,
628+ its [= base level=] is laid out on the line,
629629 aligned according to its 'vertical-align' property
630630 exactly as if its <i> ruby bases</i> were a regular sequence of inline boxes.
631631 Each <i> ruby base container</i> is sized and positioned
632632 to contain exactly all of its <i> ruby bases</i> ’ margin boxes.
633633
634- <p><i> Ruby annotations</i> associated with the <i> base level</i>
634+ <p><i> Ruby annotations</i> associated with the [= base level=]
635635 are then positioned with respect to their <i> ruby base boxes</i>
636636 according to the applicable 'ruby-position' values.
637637 <i> Ruby annotations</i> within a level (within a single <i> ruby container</i> )
@@ -652,7 +652,7 @@ Ruby Layout</h2>
652652 measures as wide as the content of its widest level.
653653 Similarly, <i> ruby base boxes</i> and <i> ruby annotation boxes</i>
654654 within a ruby “column” have the measure of the widest content in that “column”.
655- In the case of <i> spanning annotations</i>
655+ In the case of [= spanning annotations=]
656656 (whether actually spanning or pretending to span per 'ruby-merge' ),
657657 the measures of the <i> ruby annotation box</i> and
658658 the sum of its associated <i> ruby base boxes</i> must match.
@@ -670,7 +670,7 @@ Inter-character Ruby Layout</h3>
670670 <p> Inter-character annotations have special layout.
671671 When 'ruby-position' indicates ''inter-character'' annotations,
672672 the affected <i> ruby annotation boxes</i>
673- are spliced into and measured as part of the layout of the <i> base level</i> .
673+ are spliced into and measured as part of the layout of the [= base level=] .
674674 The <i> ruby base container</i> must be sized to include both the <i> ruby base boxes</i>
675675 as well as the ''inter-character'' <i> ruby annotation boxes</i> .
676676 The affected <i> ruby annotation container</i> is similarly sized
@@ -733,7 +733,7 @@ Breaking Between Bases</h4>
733733 <p> Whether ruby can break between two adjacent <i> ruby bases</i>
734734 is controlled by normal line-breaking rules for the base text,
735735 exactly as if the <i> ruby bases</i> were adjacent inline boxes.
736- (The annotations are ignored when determining soft wrap opportunities for the <i> base level</i> .)
736+ (The annotations are ignored when determining soft wrap opportunities for the [= base level=] .)
737737
738738 <div class="example">
739739 <p> For example, if two adjacent ruby bases are “蝴” and “蝶”,
@@ -806,7 +806,7 @@ Bidi Reordering</h3>
806806 so authors will need to ensure that the <i> ruby container</i> ’s declared directionality
807807 does indeed match its contents.
808808 <li>
809- During layout, <i> ruby segments</i> are ordered within the <i> ruby container</i>
809+ During layout, [= ruby segments=] are ordered within the <i> ruby container</i>
810810 by the 'direction' property of their <i> ruby container</i> .
811811 <li>
812812 Within a segment, <i> ruby bases</i> and <i> ruby annotations</i>
@@ -1004,7 +1004,7 @@ Sharing Annotation Space: the 'ruby-merge' property</h3>
10041004 <dt> <dfn>collapse</dfn>
10051005 <dd>
10061006 <p>
1007- All <i> ruby annotation boxes</i> within the same <i> ruby segment</i> on the same line are concatenated,
1007+ All <i> ruby annotation boxes</i> within the same [= ruby segment=] on the same line are concatenated,
10081008 and laid out as if their contents belonged to a single <i> ruby annotation box</i>
10091009 spanning all their associated <i> ruby base boxes</i> .
10101010 This style renders similar to “group ruby” in [[JLREQ]] ,
@@ -1139,7 +1139,7 @@ Ruby Text Distribution: the 'ruby-align' property</h3>
11391139 </dd>
11401140 </dl>
11411141
1142- <p class="issue"> Add a paragraph explaining how to distribute space in situations with spanning annotations.
1142+ <p class="issue"> Add a paragraph explaining how to distribute space in situations with [= spanning annotations=] .
11431143<!--
11441144 <p> For a complex ruby with spanning elements, one additional consideration is
11451145 required. If the spanning element spans multiple 'rows' (other rbc or rtc
@@ -1170,7 +1170,7 @@ Ruby Text Decoration</h3>
11701170 with overline and underline decorations applied to the base text.
11711171 In the basic case of consistent font size and baseline alignment,
11721172 an underline or overline is positioned
1173- between the base level and any annotations on that side.
1173+ between the [= base level=] and any annotations on that side.
11741174
11751175 <p class="issue"> This section needs some clarification about
11761176 drawing decorations between the content of adjacent bases/annotations.
@@ -1570,7 +1570,7 @@ Changes since the 5 August 2014 WD</h3>
15701570 <li> Tweak the <a href="#default-stylesheet">default style sheet</a> .
15711571 <li> Add section on <a href="#ruby-text-decoration">text decoration</a> .
15721572 <li> Defer the <css> right</css> and <css> left</css> values of 'ruby-position' to the next level.
1573- <li> Change ruby pairing rules to only operate on anonymous annotations (i.e. content directly contained by an <{rtc}> ).
1573+ <li> Change ruby [= pairing=] rules to only operate on anonymous annotations (i.e. content directly contained by an <{rtc}> ).
15741574 <li> Apply 'ruby-position' to ''::first-line'' .
15751575 (<a href="https://github.com/w3c/csswg-drafts/issues/2998">Issue 2998</a> )
15761576</ul>
@@ -1580,8 +1580,8 @@ Changes since the 19 September 2013 WD</h3>
15801580
15811581 <ul>
15821582 <li> Rewrite anonymous box generation rules and white space handling rules,
1583- defined specialized pairing of anonymous white space boxes.
1584- <li> Take nested ruby handling out of pairing.
1583+ defined specialized [= pairing=] of anonymous white space boxes.
1584+ <li> Take [= nested ruby=] handling out of [= pairing=] .
15851585 (Will be handling it via sizing/layout.)
15861586 <li> Define bidi layout of ruby structures.
15871587 </ul>
@@ -1646,7 +1646,7 @@ Changes since the 19 September 2013 WD</h3>
16461646
16471647 <dt> Wrote anonymous box generation rules
16481648
1649- <dd> And defined pairing of bases and annotations. Should now handle all
1649+ <dd> And defined [= pairing=] of bases and annotations. Should now handle all
16501650 the crazy proposed permutations of HTML ruby markup.
16511651
16521652 <dt> Defined layout of ruby
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