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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
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<title>Standard C Date & Time</title>
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<a href="../index-2.html">cppreference.com</a> > <a href=
"index.html">Standard C Date & Time</a>
</div>
<div class="name-format">
asctime
</div>
<div class="syntax-name-format">
Syntax:
</div>
<pre class="syntax-box">
#include <ctime>
char *asctime( const struct tm *ptr );
</pre>
<p>The function asctime() converts the time in the struct
'ptr' to a character string of the following format:</p>
<pre class="prettyprint">
day month date hours:minutes:seconds year
</pre>
<p>An example:</p>
<pre class="prettyprint">
Mon Jun 26 12:03:53 2000
</pre>
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<hr>
<div class="name-format">
clock
</div>
<div class="syntax-name-format">
Syntax:
</div>
<pre class="syntax-box">
#include <ctime>
clock_t clock( void );
</pre>
<p>The clock() function returns the processor time since the program
started, or -1 if that information is unavailable. To convert the
return value to seconds, divide it by CLOCKS_PER_SEC. (Note: if your
compiler is POSIX compliant, then CLOCKS_PER_SEC is always defined as
1000000.)</p>
<div class="related-name-format">
Related topics:
</div>
<div class="related-content">
<a href="asctime.html">asctime</a><br>
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<hr>
<div class="name-format">
ctime
</div>
<div class="syntax-name-format">
Syntax:
</div>
<pre class="syntax-box">
#include <ctime>
char *ctime( const time_t *time );
</pre>
<p>The ctime() function converts the calendar time time to local time
of the format:</p>
<pre class="prettyprint">
day month date hours:minutes:seconds year
</pre>
<p>using ctime() is equivalent to</p>
<pre class="prettyprint">
asctime( localtime( tp ) );
</pre>
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</div>
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<a href="asctime.html">asctime</a><br>
<a href="clock.html">clock</a><br>
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<hr>
<div class="name-format">
difftime
</div>
<div class="syntax-name-format">
Syntax:
</div>
<pre class="syntax-box">
#include <ctime>
double difftime( time_t time2, time_t time1 );
</pre>
<p>The function difftime() returns <em>time2</em> - <em>time1</em>,
in seconds.</p>
<div class="related-name-format">
Related topics:
</div>
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<a href="asctime.html">asctime</a><br>
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<div class="name-format">
gmtime
</div>
<div class="syntax-name-format">
Syntax:
</div>
<pre class="syntax-box">
#include <ctime>
struct tm *gmtime( const time_t *time );
</pre>
<p>The gmtime() function returns the given <em>time</em> in
Coordinated Universal Time (usually Greenwich mean time), unless
it's not supported by the system, in which case
<strong>NULL</strong> is returned. Watch out for <a href=
"../static_return.html">static return</a>.</p>
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Related topics:
</div>
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<a href="asctime.html">asctime</a><br>
<a href="ctime.html">ctime</a><br>
<a href="difftime.html">difftime</a><br>
<a href="localtime.html">localtime</a><br>
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<hr>
<div class="name-format">
localtime
</div>
<div class="syntax-name-format">
Syntax:
</div>
<pre class="syntax-box">
#include <ctime>
struct tm *localtime( const time_t *time );
</pre>
<p>The function localtime() converts calendar time time into local
time. Watch out for the <a href="../static_return.html">static
return</a>.</p>
<div class="related-name-format">
Related topics:
</div>
<div class="related-content">
<a href="asctime.html">asctime</a><br>
<a href="ctime.html">ctime</a><br>
<a href="difftime.html">difftime</a><br>
<a href="gmtime.html">gmtime</a><br>
<a href="strftime.html">strftime</a><br>
<a href="time.html">time</a>
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<hr>
<div class="name-format">
mktime
</div>
<div class="syntax-name-format">
Syntax:
</div>
<pre class="syntax-box">
#include <ctime>
time_t mktime( struct tm *time );
</pre>
<p>The mktime() function converts the local time in <em>time</em> to
calendar time, and returns it. If there is an error, -1 is
returned.</p>
<div class="related-name-format">
Related topics:
</div>
<div class="related-content">
<a href="asctime.html">asctime</a><br>
<a href="ctime.html">ctime</a><br>
<a href="gmtime.html">gmtime</a><br>
<a href="time.html">time</a>
</div>
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<hr>
<div class="name-format">
setlocale
</div>
<div class="syntax-name-format">
Syntax:
</div>
<pre class="syntax-box">
#include <clocale>
char *setlocale( int category, const char * locale );
</pre>
<p>The setlocale() function is used to set and retrieve the current
locale. If <em>locale</em> is <strong>NULL</strong>, the current
locale is returned. Otherwise, <em>locale</em> is used to set the
locale for the given <em>category</em>.</p>
<p><em>category</em> can have the following values:</p>
<table class="code-table">
<tr>
<th class="code-table-th">Value</th>
<th class="code-table-th">Description</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="code-table-td">LC_ALL</td>
<td class="code-table-td">All of the locale</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="code-table-td">LC_TIME</td>
<td class="code-table-td">Date and time formatting</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="code-table-td">LC_NUMERIC</td>
<td class="code-table-td">Number formatting</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="code-table-td">LC_COLLATE</td>
<td class="code-table-td">String collation and regular expression
matching</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="code-table-td">LC_C<a href=
"../containers.html">TYPE</a></td>
<td class="code-table-td">Regular expression matching,
conversion, case-sensitive comparison, wide character functions,
and character classification.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="code-table-td">LC_MONETARY</td>
<td class="code-table-td">For monetary formatting</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="code-table-td">LC_MESSAGES</td>
<td class="code-table-td">For natural language messages</td>
</tr>
</table>
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(Standard C String and Character) <a href=
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<div class="name-format">
strftime
</div>
<div class="syntax-name-format">
Syntax:
</div>
<pre class="syntax-box">
#include <ctime>
size_t strftime( char *str, size_t maxsize, const char *fmt, struct tm *time );
</pre>
<p>The function strftime() formats date and time information from
<em>time</em> to a format specified by <em>fmt</em>, then stores the
result in <em>str</em> (up to <em>maxsize</em> characters). Certain
codes may be used in <em>fmt</em> to specify different types of
time:</p>
<table class="code-table">
<tr>
<th class="code-table-th">Code</th>
<th class="code-table-th">Meaning</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="code-table-td">%a</td>
<td class="code-table-td">abbreviated weekday name (e.g.
Fri)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="code-table-td">%A</td>
<td class="code-table-td">full weekday name (e.g. Friday)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="code-table-td">%b</td>
<td class="code-table-td">abbreviated month name (e.g. Oct)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="code-table-td">%B</td>
<td class="code-table-td">full month name (e.g. October)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="code-table-td">%c</td>
<td class="code-table-td">the standard date and time string</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="code-table-td">%d</td>
<td class="code-table-td">day of the month, as a number
(1-31)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="code-table-td">%H</td>
<td class="code-table-td">hour, 24 hour format (0-23)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="code-table-td">%I</td>
<td class="code-table-td">hour, 12 hour format (1-12)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="code-table-td">%j</td>
<td class="code-table-td">day of the year, as a number
(1-366)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="code-table-td">%m</td>
<td class="code-table-td">month as a number (1-12). Note: some
versions of Microsoft Visual C++ may use values that range from
0-11.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="code-table-td">%M</td>
<td class="code-table-td">minute as a number (0-59)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="code-table-td">%p</td>
<td class="code-table-td">locale's equivalent of AM or
PM</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="code-table-td">%S</td>
<td class="code-table-td">second as a number (0-59)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="code-table-td">%U</td>
<td class="code-table-td">week of the year, (0-53), where week 1
has the first Sunday</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="code-table-td">%w</td>
<td class="code-table-td">weekday as a decimal (0-6), where
Sunday is 0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="code-table-td">%W</td>
<td class="code-table-td">week of the year, (0-53), where week 1
has the first Monday</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="code-table-td">%x</td>
<td class="code-table-td">standard date string</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="code-table-td">%X</td>
<td class="code-table-td">standard time string</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="code-table-td">%y</td>
<td class="code-table-td">year in decimal, without the century
(0-99)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="code-table-td">%Y</td>
<td class="code-table-td">year in decimal, with the century</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="code-table-td">%Z</td>
<td class="code-table-td">time zone name</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="code-table-td">%%</td>
<td class="code-table-td">a percent sign</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>The strftime() function returns the number of characters put into
<em>str</em>, or zero if an error occurs.</p>
<div class="related-name-format">
Related topics:
</div>
<div class="related-content">
<a href="gmtime.html">gmtime</a><br>
<a href="localtime.html">localtime</a><br>
<a href="time.html">time</a>
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<div class="name-format">
time
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<div class="syntax-name-format">
Syntax:
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<pre class="syntax-box">
#include <ctime>
time_t time( time_t *time );
</pre>
<p>The function time() returns the current time, or -1 if there is an
error. If the argument 'time' is given, then the current time
is stored in 'time'.</p>
<div class="related-name-format">
Related topics:
</div>
<div class="related-content">
<a href="asctime.html">asctime</a><br>
<a href="clock.html">clock</a><br>
<a href="ctime.html">ctime</a><br>
<a href="difftime.html">difftime</a><br>
<a href="gmtime.html">gmtime</a><br>
<a href="localtime.html">localtime</a><br>
<a href="mktime.html">mktime</a><br>
(Other Standard C Functions) <a href=
"../stdother/srand.html">srand</a><br>
<a href="strftime.html">strftime</a>
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