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W3C maintains a <ahref="http://www.w3.org/2004/01/pp-impl/32061/status" rel="disclosure">public list of any patent disclosures</a> made in connection with the deliverables of the group;
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that page also includes instructions for disclosing a patent.
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An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent which the individual believes contains <ahref="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#def-essential">Essential Claim(s)</a> must disclose the information in accordance with <ahref="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#sec-Disclosure">section 6 of the W3C Patent Policy</a>. </p>
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<p> This document is governed by the <ahref="http://www.w3.org/2014/Process-20140801/" id="w3c_process_revision">1 August 2014 W3C Process Document</a>. </p>
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<p> This document is governed by the <ahref="http://www.w3.org/2015/Process-20150901/" id="w3c_process_revision">1 September 2015 W3C Process Document</a>. </p>
<p>A <dfndata-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport="" id="raised-initial">raised initial<aclass="self-link" href="#raised-initial"></a></dfn> (often called a “raised cap” or “stick-up cap”) “sinks” to the first text baseline. Unlike simply increasing the font size, which affects the line spacing below it to make room for potential descenders, it does not sink below that.</p>
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<p>A <dfndata-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport="" id="raised-initial">raised initial<aclass="self-link" href="#raised-initial"></a></dfn> (often called a “raised cap” or “stick-up cap”) “sinks” to the first text baseline.</p>
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<pclass="note" role="note">Note: A proper raised initial has several advantages
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over simply increasing the font size of a first letter.
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The line spacing in the rest of the paragraph
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will not be altered, but text will still be excluded
<p>Initial letters are typically a single letter, which can be selected by the <code>::first-letter</code> pseudo-element, as defined in <adata-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-select">[SELECT]</a>.</p>
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<p>Authors who need more control over which characters are included in an initial letter, or who want to apply initial-letter formatting to replaced elements or multiple words can also apply the <aclass="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="#propdef-initial-letter">initial-letter</a> property to the first inline-level child of a block container. </p>
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<divclass="example" id="example-9394ec8b">
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<aclass="self-link" href="#example-9394ec8b"></a>
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<divclass="example" id="example-bab63235">
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<aclass="self-link" href="#example-bab63235"></a>
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<pre><p>This paragraph has a dropped “T”.
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<p><img alt="H" src="illuminated-h.svg">ere we have an illuminated “H”.
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<p><span>Words may also</span> be given initial letter styling at the beginning of a paragraph.
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</pre>
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<pre>::first-letter, /* style first paragraph’s T */
<aclass="self-link" href="#example-3c97a721"></a> The following code will create a 2-line dropped initial letter at the beginning of each paragraph:
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<pre>p::first-letter { initial-letter: 2; }</pre>
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</div>
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<pclass="issue" id="issue-664624cd"><aclass="self-link" href="#issue-664624cd"></a> Define interaction with Ruby. Easiest is to make it not apply to/within ruby.</p>
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<pclass="issue" id="issue-cf76c839"><aclass="self-link" href="#issue-cf76c839"></a> Define interaction with <adata-link-type="dfn" href="https://drafts.csswg.org/css-ruby-1/#ruby">ruby</a>. Easiest is to make it not apply to/within <adata-link-type="dfn" href="https://drafts.csswg.org/css-ruby-1/#ruby">ruby</a>.</p>
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<p>The <aclass="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="#propdef-initial-letter">initial-letter</a> property does not apply to boxes that are not positioned at the start of the line due to bidi reordering.</p>
<dd>Uses the <adata-link-type="dfn" href="#initial-letter">initial letter box</a>’s <adata-link-type="dfn" href="https://drafts.csswg.org/css-writing-modes-3/#line-over">line-over</a> and <adata-link-type="dfn" href="https://drafts.csswg.org/css-writing-modes-3/#line-under">line-under</a> border edges
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as the <adata-link-type="dfn" href="https://drafts.csswg.org/css-writing-modes-3/#over">over</a> and <adata-link-type="dfn" href="https://drafts.csswg.org/css-writing-modes-3/#under">under</a> alignment points, respectively.
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</dl>
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<pclass="issue" id="issue-67014286"><aclass="self-link" href="#issue-67014286"></a> Bikeshed names of hanging and hebrew alignment points. Are there proper typographic terms for these?</p>
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<divclass="example" id="example-0cc7f40b">
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<aclass="self-link" href="#example-0cc7f40b"></a> The vertical writing mode example from <ahref="#f2">Figure 2</a> could be coded as:
use its <adata-link-type="dfn" href="https://drafts.csswg.org/css-writing-modes-3/#over">over</a> and <adata-link-type="dfn" href="https://drafts.csswg.org/css-writing-modes-3/#under">under</a> content-box edges.
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<li>Else if the <adata-link-type="dfn" href="#initial-letter">initial letter</a> contains any character from the Han, Hangul, Kana, or Yi <adata-link-type="dfn" href="https://drafts.csswg.org/css-text-3/#unicode-script">Unicode scripts</a>,
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use the ideographic character face bottom and top edge baselines.
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<li>Else if the <adata-link-type="dfn" href="#initial-letter">initial letter</a> contains any character from the Devanagari, Bengali, and Gurmukhi <adata-link-type="dfn" href="https://drafts.csswg.org/css-text-3/#unicode-script">Unicode scripts</a>,
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use the hanging and alphabetic baselines.
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<li>Else if the <adata-link-type="dfn" href="#initial-letter">initial letter</a> contains any character from the Hebrew <adata-link-type="dfn" href="https://drafts.csswg.org/css-text-3/#unicode-script">Unicode scripts</a>,
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use the ideographic character face bottom and top edge baselines.
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<li>Else use the alphabetic and cap-height baselines.
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</ol>
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<pclass="issue" id="issue-bf6dbf91"><aclass="self-link" href="#issue-bf6dbf91"></a> What is the proper alignment for South Asian scripts that do not have the explicit hanging baseline, such as Tamil or Telugu?</p>
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<pclass="note" role="note">Note: The ordering of keywords in this property is fixed in case <aclass="css" data-link-type="maybe" href="#valdef-initial-letter-align-border-box">border-box</a> is expanded to <spanclass="css">[ border-box | alphabetic | ideographic | hebrew | hanging ]</span> to allow explicitly specifying the <adata-link-type="dfn" href="#initial-letter">initial letter</a>’s alignment points.</p>
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<h4class="heading settled" data-level="2.4.1" id="initial-letter-align-defaults"><spanclass="secno">2.4.1. </span><spanclass="content"> UA Default Stylesheet for <aclass="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="#propdef-initial-letter-align">initial-letter-align</a></span><aclass="self-link" href="#initial-letter-align-defaults"></a></h4>
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<p>In order to provide the better behavior by default,
<p>In additions to the authors, this specification would not have been possible without the help from: </p>
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<p>David Baron, John Daggett, Stephen Deach, Sujal Parikh, Grzegorz Zygmunt, Chris Wilson, David M Brown, Bobby Tung, Shinyu Murakami, David Hyatt, Sylvain Galineau, Alan Stearns, Ted O’Connor. </p>
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<p>David Baron, John Daggett, Stephen Deach, Sujal Parikh, Grzegorz Zygmunt, Chris Wilson, David M Brown, Bobby Tung, Shinyu Murakami, David Hyatt, Sylvain Galineau, Alan Stearns, Ted O’Connor, Florian Rivoal. </p>
<dd>Elika Etemad; Koji Ishii. <ahref="http://www.w3.org/TR/css-text-3/">CSS Text Module Level 3</a>. 10 October 2013. LCWD. URL: <ahref="http://www.w3.org/TR/css-text-3/">http://www.w3.org/TR/css-text-3/</a>
<divclass="issue">The editors would appreciate any examples of drop initials in non-western scripts, especially Arabic and Indic scripts.<ahref="#issue-f90429eb"> ↵ </a></div>
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<divclass="issue"> Should this be <spanclass="css">initial-letters</span> (plural) as originally discussed?
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Since it can apply to multiple letters.<ahref="#issue-4601aace"> ↵ </a></div>
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<divclass="issue"> Define interaction with Ruby. Easiest is to make it not apply to/within ruby.<ahref="#issue-664624cd"> ↵ </a></div>
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<divclass="issue"> Define interaction with <adata-link-type="dfn" href="https://drafts.csswg.org/css-ruby-1/#ruby">ruby</a>. Easiest is to make it not apply to/within <adata-link-type="dfn" href="https://drafts.csswg.org/css-ruby-1/#ruby">ruby</a>.<ahref="#issue-cf76c839"> ↵ </a></div>
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<divclass="issue"> Add <aclass="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="https://drafts.csswg.org/css2/visudet.html#propdef-width">width</a>/<aclass="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="https://drafts.csswg.org/css2/visudet.html#propdef-height">height</a> as requested by Tantek... need to integrate with model.<ahref="#issue-939d845d"> ↵ </a></div>
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<divclass="issue"> Bikeshed names of hanging and hebrew alignment points. Are there proper typographic terms for these?<ahref="#issue-67014286"> ↵ </a></div>
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<divclass="issue"> What is the proper alignment for South Asian scripts that do not have the explicit hanging baseline, such as Tamil or Telugu?<ahref="#issue-bf6dbf91"> ↵ </a></div>
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<divclass="issue"> We don’t have a way to do subtag selection with attr selectors.
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(It’s a feature of <aclass="css" data-link-type="maybe" href="https://drafts.csswg.org/selectors-4/#lang-pseudo">:lang()</a> in Selectors 4,
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but we don’t want to use that because we want to hit the language root,
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