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css3-multicol/Overview.html

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<h1>CSS Multi-column Layout Module</h1>
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<h2 class="no-num no-toc" id=w3c-working>Editor's Draft 9 August 2010</h2>
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<h2 class="no-num no-toc" id=w3c-working>Editor's Draft 21 October 2010</h2>
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<dl>
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<dt>This version:
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<dd>
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<!--<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/CR-css3-multicol-20100809">http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/ED-css3-multicol-20100809</a>-->
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<!--<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/CR-css3-multicol-20101021">http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/ED-css3-multicol-20101021</a>-->
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<a
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href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css3-multicol/">http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css3-multicol/</a>
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@@ -272,16 +272,17 @@ <h2 id=introduction><span class=secno>1. </span>Introduction</h2>
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either, or both, properties in one declaration.
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<div class=example>
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<p>In these examples, the number of columes, the width of columns, and
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both the number and widths are set:
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<p>In these examples, the number of columns, the width of columns, and
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both the number and width are set, respectively:
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<pre>
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body { columns: 2 }
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body { columns: 12em }
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body { columns: 2 12em }
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</pre>
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<p>Setting both properties rarely makes sense, as described below.
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<p>However, as described below, setting both the width and number of
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columns rarely makes sense.
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</div>
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<p>Another group of properties introduced in this module describe gaps and
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direction of the multicol element. The <em>column width</em> is the length
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of the column box in the inline direction. The <em>column height</em> is
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the length of the column box in the block direction. All column boxes in a
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multi-column element have the same column width, and all column boxes in a
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row have the same column height. Within each row in the multi-column
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element, adjacent column boxes are separated by a <em>column gap</em>,
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which may contain a <em>column rule</em>. All column gaps in the same row
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are equal. All column rules in the same row are also equal, if they
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appear; column rules only appear between columns that both have content.
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row have the same column width, and all column boxes in a row have the
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same column height. Within each row in the multi-column element, adjacent
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column boxes are separated by a <em>column gap</em>, which may contain a
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<em>column rule</em>. All column gaps in the same row are equal. All
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column rules in the same row are also equal, if they appear; column rules
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only appear between columns that both have content.
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<p>In the simplest case a multicol element will contain only one row of
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columns, and the height of each column will be equivalent to the used
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endpoints at opposing content edges of the multicol element. Column rules
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do not take up space. That is, the presence or thickness of a column rule
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will not alter the placement of anything else. If a column rule is wider
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than its gap, the column rule will overlap adjacent column boxes. Column
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rules are painted just above the background of the multicol element. This
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allows child elements with &lsquo;<code
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class=property>z-index</code>&rsquo; values to be on top of column rules.
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Column rules are only drawn between two columns that both have content.
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than its gap, the column rule will overlap adjacent column boxes, and
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possibly extend outside the box of the multicol element. Column rules are
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painted just above the background of the multicol element. This allows
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child elements with &lsquo;<code class=property>z-index</code>&rsquo;
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values to be on top of column rules. Column rules are only drawn between
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two columns that both have content.
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<h3 id=column-gap><span class=secno>4.1. </span>&lsquo;<a
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href="#column-gap0"><code class=property>column-gap</code></a>&rsquo;</h3>
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<tr>
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<td><em>Applies to:</em>
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<td>static, non-floating elements
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<td>static, non-floating elements,
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<tr>
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<td><em>Inherited:</em>
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<p>An element that spans more than one column is called a <dfn
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id=spanning-element>spanning element</dfn>.
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<p>This property has no effect on elements that no not fit entirely within
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the multicol element. Also, if a setting on this property pushes the
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element outside a multicol element, this property will have no effect.
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<div class=example>
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<p>In this example, an <code>h2</code> element has been added to the
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sample document after the first sentence in the fourth alphabet (i.e.,
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<p>There are two strategies for filling columns: columns can either be
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balanced, or not. If columns are balanced, UAs should minimize the
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variation in column length. Otherwise, columns are filled sequentially and
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will therefore end up having different lengths. In any case, the user
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agent should try to honor the &lsquo;<code
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some columns may end up partially filled, or with no content at all. In
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any case, the user agent should try to honor the &lsquo;<code
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class=property>widows</code>&rsquo; and &lsquo;<code
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class=property>orphans</code>&rsquo; properties.
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<h3 id=overflow-outside-multicol-elements><span class=secno>8.2.
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</span>Overflow outside multicol elements</h3>
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<p>Content that extend outside column boxes at the edges of the
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multi-column element is clipped according to the &lsquo;<code
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<p>Content and column rules that extend outside column boxes at the edges
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of the multi-column element is clipped according to the &lsquo;<code
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class=property>overflow</code>&rsquo; property.
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<p>A multicol element can have more columns than it has room for due to:
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<ul>
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<li>Constrained column height. A declaration that constrains the column
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height (e.g., using &lsquo;<code class=property>height</code>&rsquo;)
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must be honored, if possible. In paged media, the column height is
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constrained by the size of the page.
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<li>a declaration that constrains the column height (e.g., using
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&lsquo;<code class=property>height</code>&rsquo; or &lsquo;<code
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class=property>max-height</code>&rsquo;). In this case, additional column
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boxes are created in the inline direction
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<li>Explicit column breaks. Explicit column breaks may create more columns
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than there is room for inside the multicol element.
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</ul>
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<li>the size of the page. In this case, additional column boxes are moved
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to the next page(s).
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<p>In continuous media, columns that do not fit within the multicol element
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are added in the inline direction.
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<li>explicit column breaks. In this case, additional column boxes are
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created in the inline direction for continous media, and additional
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column boxes are moved to the next page(s) for paged media.
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</ul>
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<div class=example>
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<p>In this example, the height of the multi-column element has been
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</div>
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</div>
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<p>In paged media, columns that do not fit within the page are moved to the
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next page.
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<div class=example>
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<p>In this example, explicit column breaks are generated after paragraphs:
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<h2 class=no-num id=acknowledgments>Acknowledgments</h2>
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<p>This document is based on several older proposals and comments on older
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proposals. Contributors include Øyvind Stenhaug, Sylvain Galineau,
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proposals. Contributors include Øyvind Stenhaug, Sylvain Galineau,
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Giovanni Campagna, David Hyatt, David Singer, David Woolley, Elika Etemad,
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Bj&ouml;rn H&ouml;hrmann, Joost de Valk, Peter-Paul Koch, Till Halbach,
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C&eacute;dric Savarese, Andy Clarke, Robert O'Callahan, Markus Mielke,
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<td>1
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<td>static, non-floating elements
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<td>static, non-floating elements,
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<td>no
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