---
title: MindsDB SQL Syntax
sidebarTitle: MindsDB SQL Syntax
---

In general, MindsDB SQL attempts to follow the syntax conventions of MySQL and PostgreSQL. The following
sections describe some common conventions of MindsDB SQL.

## Notation

We adopt the following notation to describe our commands:

- Reserved words are capitalized. For example: SELECT
- Square brackets `[]` indicate optional clauses
- Curly brackets `{}` indicate logical or choices with the options separated by `|`. For examples `{x | y | z}`
- Red denotes required clauses, choices, or identifiers. For readability, statements enclosed in red square or curly
brackets are black.
- Square brackets with a separator followed by three ellipses denote repetition of the previous item, separated by the
separator. For example, `identifier [, ...]` denotes a comma separated list of identifiers.

<Note>
    Parentheses `()` are reserved characters of the MindsDB SQL and are not part of the notation. Where present
    parentheses are required unless explicitly wrapped in square brackets.
</Note>

## Single/Double Quotes & Backticks

Identifiers (databases, tables, and column names) with special characters or reserved words must be enclosed with
backticks "`":

```sql
SELECT * FROM `select` WHERE `select`.id > 100;

SELECT * FROM `select-DATABASE` WHERE `select-DATABASE`.id > 100;
```

String values are represented by single and double quotes:

```sql
SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE table_name.column_name = 'string';
SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE table_name.column_name = "string";
```

## Parentheses

SQL statements can be nested with parentheses:

```sql
SELECT * FROM (SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE table_name.column_name = 'string') ;

```