diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index b75932023c29..5a5742b7eb40 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -13,6 +13,10 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 - _Experimental_: Add `user-valid` and `user-invalid` variants ([#12370](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/12370))
 - _Experimental_: Add `wrap-anywhere`, `wrap-break-word`, and `wrap-normal` utilities ([#12128](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/12128))
 
+### Fixed
+
+- Vite: Don't crash when importing a virtual module in JavaScript that ends in `.css` ([#16780](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/16780))
+
 ## [4.0.8] - 2025-02-21
 
 ### Added
diff --git a/integrations/vite/virtual-modules.test.ts b/integrations/vite/virtual-modules.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..12eadb6c715b
Binary files /dev/null and b/integrations/vite/virtual-modules.test.ts differ
diff --git a/packages/@tailwindcss-vite/src/index.ts b/packages/@tailwindcss-vite/src/index.ts
index 8e3d2348ea16..2a7c933e6340 100644
--- a/packages/@tailwindcss-vite/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/@tailwindcss-vite/src/index.ts
@@ -202,8 +202,9 @@ class Root {
   private candidates: Set<string> = new Set<string>()
 
   // List of all build dependencies (e.g. imported  stylesheets or plugins) and
-  // their last modification timestamp
-  private buildDependencies = new Map<string, number>()
+  // their last modification timestamp. If no mtime can be found, we need to
+  // assume the file has always changed.
+  private buildDependencies = new Map<string, number | null>()
 
   constructor(
     private id: string,
@@ -334,14 +335,22 @@ class Root {
   }
 
   private async addBuildDependency(path: string) {
-    let stat = await fs.stat(path)
-    this.buildDependencies.set(path, stat.mtimeMs)
+    let mtime: number | null = null
+    try {
+      mtime = (await fs.stat(path)).mtimeMs
+    } catch {}
+    this.buildDependencies.set(path, mtime)
   }
 
   private async requiresBuild(): Promise<boolean> {
     for (let [path, mtime] of this.buildDependencies) {
-      let stat = await fs.stat(path)
-      if (stat.mtimeMs > mtime) {
+      if (mtime === null) return true
+      try {
+        let stat = await fs.stat(path)
+        if (stat.mtimeMs > mtime) {
+          return true
+        }
+      } catch {
         return true
       }
     }