csswg-drafts/css-page-4/Overview.html at 0d0aae6c7d873b06dd981e0ae05514bbe6b2c907 · w3c/csswg-drafts · GitHub

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN">

<html lang=en>
 <head profile="http://dublincore.org/documents/2008/08/04/dc-html/ ">
  <meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv=content-type>
  <title>Proposals for the future of CSS Paged Media</title>

  <link href="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" rel=schema.dcterms>
  <link href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Copyright"
   rel=dcterms.rights>
  <meta content="Proposals for the future of CSS Paged Media"
   name=dcterms.title>
  <meta content=text name=dcterms.type>
  <meta content=2013-03-07 name=dcterms.issued>
  <meta content="Daniel Glazman" name=dcterms.creator>
  <meta content=W3C name=dcterms.publisher>
  <meta content="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/www-style/" name=dcterms.identifier>
  <link href="../default.css" rel=stylesheet type="text/css">
  <link href="http://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-ED.css" rel=stylesheet
   type="text/css">
  <style type="text/css">
.keyword {
  font-weight: bold;
}

.equation {
  padding-top: 2%;
  padding-right: 2%;
  padding-bottom: 2%;
  padding-left: 2%;
}

table.equation {
  text-align: center;
}

td, th {
  vertical-align: top;
}

pre {
  font-size: 1em;
}

#margin-values {
  border-collapse: collapse;
}

#margin-values td, #margin-values th {
  padding-top: 0.2em;
  padding-right: 0.2em;
  padding-bottom: 0.2em;
  padding-left: 0.2em;
  border-top-width: thin;
  border-right-width: thin;
  border-bottom-width: thin;
  border-left-width: thin;
  border-top-style: solid;
  border-right-style: solid;
  border-bottom-style: solid;
  border-left-style: solid;
  border-top-color: black;
  border-right-color: black;
  border-bottom-color: black;
  border-left-color: black;
}

.property-list {
  border-top-width: 1px;
  border-right-width: 1px;
  border-bottom-width: 1px;
  border-left-width: 1px;
  border-top-style: solid;
  border-right-style: solid;
  border-bottom-style: solid;
  border-left-style: solid;
  border-top-color: black;
  border-right-color: black;
  border-bottom-color: black;
  border-left-color: black;
  padding-top: 0.2em;
  padding-right: 0.2em;
  padding-bottom: 0.2em;
  padding-left: 0.2em;
  margin-top: 2em;
}

.property-list td {
  border-top-width: 1px;
  border-right-width: 1px;
  border-bottom-width: 1px;
  border-left-width: 1px;
  border-top-style: solid;
  border-right-style: solid;
  border-bottom-style: solid;
  border-left-style: solid;
  border-top-color: black;
  border-right-color: black;
  border-bottom-color: black;
  border-left-color: black;
  padding-top: 0.1em;
  padding-right: 0.1em;
  padding-bottom: 0.1em;
  padding-left: 0.1em;
}

.editorial {
  display: block;
  font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;
  font-size: 80%;
  margin-left: 0.5in;
  margin-right: 1in;
  padding-top: 0.125in;
  padding-right: 0.125in;
  padding-bottom: 0.125in;
  padding-left: 0.125in;
  background-color: #ffffdd;
  background-image: none;
  background-repeat: repeat;
  background-attachment: scroll;
  background-position: 0% 0%;
}

.editorial:after {
  content: "Ed.";
}

.RFC2119 {  -epub-text-transform: lowercase;
  text-transform: lowercase;
  font-style: italic;
}

em em.RFC2119 {  -epub-text-transform: lowercase;
  text-transform: lowercase;
  font-style: normal;
}

table.page-sizes {
  border-top-width: thin;
  border-right-width: thin;
  border-bottom-width: thin;
  border-left-width: thin;
  border-top-style: solid;
  border-right-style: solid;
  border-bottom-style: solid;
  border-left-style: solid;
  margin-top: 1.5em;
}

table.page-sizes td {
  border-top-width: thin;
  border-right-width: thin;
  border-bottom-width: thin;
  border-left-width: thin;
  border-top-style: solid;
  border-right-style: solid;
  border-bottom-style: solid;
  border-left-style: solid;
  padding-top: 0.5em;
  padding-right: 0.5em;
  padding-bottom: 0.5em;
  padding-left: 0.5em;
}

table.page-sizes th {
  border-top-width: thin;
  border-right-width: thin;
  border-bottom-width: thin;
  border-left-width: thin;
  border-top-style: solid;
  border-right-style: solid;
  border-bottom-style: solid;
  border-left-style: solid;
  padding-top: 0.5em;
  padding-right: 0.5em;
  padding-bottom: 0.5em;
  padding-left: 0.5em;
  background-color: #ffffaa;
  background-image: none;
  background-repeat: repeat;
  background-attachment: scroll;
  background-position: 0% 0%;
}

.floating-right-image {
  float: right;
  margin-left: 1em;
  margin-bottom: 1em;
}

figure {
  counter-increment: figure-counter;
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: smaller;
}

figure > legend:before {
  content: "Figure " counter(figure-counter);
        display: block;
}
</style>

 <body class=h-entry>
   <div class=head> <!--begin-logo-->
    <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img alt=W3C height=48
     src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home" width=72></a> <!--end-logo-->

    <h1 class=p-name>Proposals for the future of CSS Paged Media</h1>

    <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id=w3c-working>Editor's Draft <span
     class=dt-updated><span class=value-title title=20130307> 7 March
     2013</span></span></h2>

    <dl>
     <dt>This version:

     <dd><a class=u-url
      href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css4-page/">http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css4-page/</a></dd>
     <!-- <dd><a class="u-url" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/www-style/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-www-style-20130307</a></dd> -->

     <dt>Latest version:

     <dd><a
      href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css4-page">http://www.w3.org/TR/css4-page</a>

     <dt>Previous version:

     <dd>--

     <dt>Issue Tracking:

     <dd>TBD <!-- or use the wiki:
    <dd><a rel="issues" href="http://wiki.csswg.org/spec/css4-page"           >http://wiki.csswg.org/spec/css4-page</a></dd>-->

  <dt>Feedback:</dt>
    <dd><a href="mailto:www-style@w3.org?subject=%5Bcss-page%5D%20feedback"
         >www-style@w3.org</a>
         with subject line &ldquo;<kbd>[css-page]
         <var>&hellip; message topic &hellip;</var></kbd>&rdquo;
         (<a rel="discussion" href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-style/"
           >archives</a>)

     <dt>Editor:

     <dd>Daniel Glazman, Disruptive Innovations
    </dl>
    <!--begin-copyright-->
    <p class=copyright><a
     href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Copyright"
     rel=license>Copyright</a> © 2013 <a href="http://www.w3.org/"><abbr
     title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr></a><sup>®</sup> (<a
     href="http://www.csail.mit.edu/"><abbr
     title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</abbr></a>, <a
     href="http://www.ercim.eu/"><abbr
     title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</abbr></a>,
     <a href="http://www.keio.ac.jp/">Keio</a>, <a
     href="http://ev.buaa.edu.cn/">Beihang</a>), All Rights Reserved. W3C <a
     href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Legal_Disclaimer">liability</a>,
     <a
     href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#W3C_Trademarks">trademark</a>
     and <a
     href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/copyright-documents">document
     use</a> rules apply.</p>
    <!--end-copyright--></div>

   <hr title="Separator for header">

   <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id=abstract>Abstract</h2>

   <p> <span class=p-summary> This module describes an extension of the page
    model that partitions a flow into pages. It adds to Paged Media Level 3
    features introduced by other modules like CSS Regions or CSS Exclusions
    and Shapes: content flows, exclusions, more powerful headers and footers,
    etc. It does not deprecate nor obsolete Paged Media Level 3 but is
    designed to live gracefully with it.</span></p>
   <!-- "Status of this document" -->
   <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id=status>Status of this Document</h2>
   <!--begin-status-->
   <p>This is a public copy of the editors' draft. It is provided for
    discussion only and may change at any moment. Its publication here does
    not imply endorsement of its contents by W3C. Don't cite this document
    other than as work in progress.

   <p>The (<a
    href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-style/">archived</a>)
    public mailing list <a
    href="mailto:www-style@w3.org?Subject=%5Bwww-style%5D%20PUT%20SUBJECT%20HERE">
    www-style@w3.org</a> (see <a
    href="http://www.w3.org/Mail/Request">instructions</a>) is preferred for
    discussion of this specification. When sending e-mail, please put the
    text “www-style” in the subject, preferably like this:
    “[<!---->www-style<!---->] <em>…summary of comment…</em>”

   <p>This document was produced by the <a href="/Style/CSS/members">CSS
    Working Group</a> (part of the <a href="/Style/">Style Activity</a>).

   <p>This document was produced by a group operating under the <a
    href="/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/">5 February 2004 W3C Patent
    Policy</a>. W3C maintains a <a href="/2004/01/pp-impl/32061/status"
    rel=disclosure>public list of any patent disclosures</a> made in
    connection with the deliverables of the group; that page also includes
    instructions for disclosing a patent. An individual who has actual
    knowledge of a patent which the individual believes contains <a
    href="/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#def-essential">Essential
    Claim(s)</a> must disclose the information in accordance with <a
    href="/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#sec-Disclosure">section 6 of
    the W3C Patent Policy</a>.</p>
   <!--end-status-->
   <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id=contents>Table of Contents</h2>
   <!--begin-toc-->
   <ul class=toc>
    <li><a href="#intro"><span class=secno>1. </span>Introduction</a>

    <li><a href="#conformance"><span class=secno>2. </span>Conformance </a>

    <li><a href="#the-css-3-page-model"><span class=secno>3. </span>The CSS 3
     Page Model</a>

    <li class=no-num><a href="#references">References</a>
     <ul class=toc>
       References</a>

      <li class=no-num><a href="#informative-references">Informative
       References</a>
     </ul>
   </ul>
   <!--end-toc--> <!-- "Introduction" -->
   <h2 id=intro><span class=secno>1. </span>Introduction</h2>

   <p>Convergence between electronic books and Open Web Standards requires
    new features related to pagination and page layouts. If CSS Paged Media
    Level 3 paved the way, extension of its page model is now needed to
    provide the industry with solutions more in line with the new usage modes
    of Web Standards on one hand, better integrated with the state of the art
    of CSS on the other.

   <p>This module describes how other CSS modules like Regions, Grid Layout,
    Exclusions and Shapes can enhance the page model for a better pagination
    on the Web and on print.

   <h2 id=conformance><span class=secno>2. </span>Conformance</h2>

   <p>All of the text in this specification is normative except sections
    explicitly marked as non-normative, examples, and notes. The keywords
    "<em class=RFC2119>MUST</em>", "<em class=RFC2119>SHALL</em>", "<em
    class=RFC2119>MUST NOT</em>", "<em class=RFC2119>SHALL NOT</em>", "<em
    class=RFC2119>REQUIRED</em>", "<em class=RFC2119>SHOULD</em>", "<em
    class=RFC2119>SHOULD NOT</em>", "<em class=RFC2119>RECOMMENDED</em>",
    "<em class=RFC2119>MAY</em>", and "<em class=RFC2119>OPTIONAL</em>" when
    used in this document are to be interpreted as described in <cite>RFC
    2119</cite> <a href="#RFC2119"
    rel=biblioentry>[RFC2119]<!--{{!RFC2119}}--></a>. However, for
    readability, these words do not appear in all uppercase letters in this
    specification.

   <p>Examples in this specification are introduced with the words "for
    example" or are set apart from the normative text with
    <code>class="example"</code>, like this:

   <div class=example>
    <p>This is an example of an informative example.
   </div>

   <p>Informative notes begin with the word "Note" and are set apart from the
    normative text with <code>class="note"</code>, like this:

   <p class=note>Note, this is an informative note.

   <h2 id=the-css-3-page-model><span class=secno>3. </span>The CSS 3 Page
    Model</h2>

   <p>This section is informative.

   <p></p>
   The current Page Model, as described in <cite>CSS3 Module: Paged Media
   </cite><a href="#CSS3PAGE"
   rel=biblioentry>[CSS3PAGE]<!--{{!CSS3PAGE}}--></a>, is the following one:
   the printable area of a page, the <dfn id=page-box>page box</dfn>, is made
   of one page box itself divided in four areas: <figure><img
   alt="CSS 3 Paged Media's page model" src=PageBox.png>
   <legend>The CSS3 Page Model</legend>
   </figure>
   <p>

   <ol>
    <li>the <dfn id=page-margin>page margin</dfn>; that area is itself
     divided into 16 <dfn id=page-margin-boxes>page-margin boxes</dfn>
     (@top-left-corner, @top-left, @top-center, etc. ) <figure><img
     alt="CSS 3 page-margin boxes" src=RightMarginBoxes.png>
     <legend>The 16 page-margin boxes<br>
      (with highlight of 3 of them)<br>
     </legend>
     </figure>

    <li>the <dfn id=page-border>page border</dfn>

    <li>the <dfn id=page-padding>page padding</dfn>

    <li>and finally the <dfn id=page-area>page area</dfn> containing the
     boxes generated by the flow of the main contents of the document.
   </ol>

   <p>It's is possible to flow content, for instance page headers and footers
    or footnotes, into a page-margin box using features introduced by the
    <cite>CSS Generated Content for Paged Media Module </cite><a
    href="#CSS3GCPM" rel=biblioentry>[CSS3GCPM]<!--{{!CSS3GCPM}}--></a>.

   <p>It is also possible to define multiple page templates for a single
    document using the <span class=css>@page</span> at-rule that allows to
    select the first page, left pages, right pages or named pages of a
    paginated flow.

   <p>If this page model allowed the publishing industry to adopt HTML and
    CSS as pivot formats, it starts showing its limits for the following
    reasons:

   <ul>
    <li>the 16 page-margin boxes are an extension of the print features
     offered by desktop browsers. Desktop browsers usually offer control over
     6 page-margin boxes only. Only one desktop browser claims implementation
     of the page model described above in the fourteen last years. The other
     desktop browsers' control over the 6 page-margin boxes is then not
     achieved through the cascade of CSS UA stylesheets.

    <li>no editing environment available on the market and in particular
     Wysiwyg text editor (for instance like Microsoft Word) implements such a
     box model.

    <li>it's not possible with the current model to position headers and
     footers (for instance the HTML5 header and footer elements) arbitrarily
     in the page area.
    <li>the <span class=css>@page</span> at-rule currently allows nested
     at-rules only for the definition of page-margin boxes. Similarly, the
     set of CSS properties applicable to a page box is limited and it is
     impossible in this model to use <cite>CSS Regions Module Level 3</cite>
     <a href="#CSS3-REGIONS"
     rel=biblioentry>[CSS3-REGIONS]<!--{{!CSS3-REGIONS}}--></a> to flow
     content into a given predefined area of a page, exclude an area from the
     page using <cite>CSS 3 Exclusions and Shapes Module</cite> <a
     href="#CSS3-EXCLUSIONS"
     rel=biblioentry>[CSS3-EXCLUSIONS]<!--{{!CSS3-EXCLUSIONS}}--></a>, lay
     out the page area into a grid using <cite>CSS Grid Layout</cite> <a
     href="#CSS3-GRID-LAYOUT"
     rel=biblioentry>[CSS3-GRID-LAYOUT]<!--{{!CSS3-GRID-LAYOUT}}--></a> or
     using <span class=css>@slot</span> rules that were discussed multiple
     times by the CSS Working Group in the recent past. The successful
     electronic book editing environment of Apple Inc., iBooks Author,
     already allows <span class=css>@page</span> rules to specify arbitrary
     slots, arbitrary exclusions and shapes, and extends the list of
     applicable properties; most of its advanced layout capabilities are
     based on these features.

    <li>the <span class=css>@page</span> rule of <cite>CSS 2.1</cite> <a
     href="#CSS21" rel=biblioentry>[CSS21]<!--{{!CSS21}}--></a> is intended
     for use on print media, not dynamic media. The spread of complex
     HTML-based slideshows and electronic book viewers has shown that the
     Page Model should also apply to screen media and alike.

    <li>++TBD
   </ul>

   <ol></ol>

   <div>
    <h2 class=no-num id=references>References</h2>

    <h3 class=no-num id=normative-references>Normative References</h3>
    <!--begin-normative--> <!-- Sorted by label -->
    <dl class=bibliography>
     <dt
      style="display: none"><!-- keeps the doc valid if the DL is empty -->
      <!---->

     <dt id=CSS21>[CSS21]

     <dd>Bert Bos; et al. <a
      href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/REC-CSS2-20110607/"><cite>Cascading
      Style Sheets Level 2 Revision 1 (CSS 2.1) Specification.</cite></a> 7
      June 2011. W3C Recommendation. URL: <a
      href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/REC-CSS2-20110607/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/REC-CSS2-20110607/</a>
     </dd>
     <!---->

     <dt id=CSS3-EXCLUSIONS>[CSS3-EXCLUSIONS]

     <dd>Vincent Hardy; Rossen Atanassov; Alan Stearns. <a
      href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-css3-exclusions-20120503/"><cite>CSS
      Exclusions and Shapes Module Level 3.</cite></a> 3 May 2012. W3C
      Working Draft. (Work in progress.) URL: <a
      href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-css3-exclusions-20120503/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-css3-exclusions-20120503/</a>
     </dd>
     <!---->

     <dt id=CSS3-GRID-LAYOUT>[CSS3-GRID-LAYOUT]

     <dd>Alex Mogilevsky; et al. <a
      href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-css3-grid-layout-20121106/"><cite>CSS
      Grid Layout.</cite></a> 6 November 2012. W3C Working Draft. (Work in
      progress.) URL: <a
      href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-css3-grid-layout-20121106/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-css3-grid-layout-20121106/</a>
     </dd>
     <!---->

     <dt id=CSS3-REGIONS>[CSS3-REGIONS]

     <dd>Vincent Hardy; Alex Mogilevsky; Alan Stearns. <a
      href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-css3-regions-20120823/"><cite>CSS
      Regions Module Level 3.</cite></a> 23 August 2012. W3C Working Draft.
      (Work in progress.) URL: <a
      href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-css3-regions-20120823/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-css3-regions-20120823/</a>
     </dd>
     <!---->

     <dt id=CSS3GCPM>[CSS3GCPM]

     <dd>Håkon Wium Lie. <a
      href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/WD-css3-gcpm-20111129/"><cite>CSS
      Generated Content for Paged Media Module.</cite></a> 29 November 2011.
      W3C Working Draft. (Work in progress.) URL: <a
      href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/WD-css3-gcpm-20111129/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/WD-css3-gcpm-20111129/</a>
     </dd>
     <!---->

     <dt id=CSS3PAGE>[CSS3PAGE]

     <dd>Håkon Wium Lie; Melinda Grant. <a
      href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-css3-page-20061010"><cite>CSS3
      Module: Paged Media.</cite></a> 10 October 2006. W3C Working Draft.
      (Work in progress.) URL: <a
      href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-css3-page-20061010">http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-css3-page-20061010</a>
     </dd>
     <!---->

     <dt id=RFC2119>[RFC2119]

     <dd>S. Bradner. <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt"><cite>Key
      words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels.</cite></a>
      Internet RFC 2119. URL: <a
      href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt</a>
     </dd>
     <!---->
    </dl>
    <!--end-normative-->
    <h3 class=no-num id=informative-references>Informative References</h3>
    <!--begin-informative--> <!-- Sorted by label -->
    <dl class=bibliography>
     <dt
      style="display: none"><!-- keeps the doc valid if the DL is empty -->
      <!---->
    </dl>
    <!--end-informative--></div>
  </div>