csswg-drafts/css-page-floats/Overview.html at 122f057cd0af17726ec785efdb8ba6ea9d488753 · w3c/csswg-drafts · GitHub

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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">

<html lang=en>
 <head profile="http://dublincore.org/documents/2008/08/04/dc-html/ ">
  <title>CSS Page Floats</title>

  <link href="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" rel=schema.dcterms>
  <link href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Copyright"
   rel=dcterms.rights>
  <meta content="CSS Page Floats" name=dcterms.title>
  <meta content=text name=dcterms.type>
  <meta content=2013-09-24 name=dcterms.date>
  <meta content="Håkon Wium Lie" name=dcterms.creator>
  <meta content=W3C name=dcterms.publisher>
  <meta content="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-page-floats/"
   name=dcterms.identifier>
  <meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv=Content-Type>
  <link href="../default.css" rel=stylesheet type="text/css">
  <link href="http://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-ED.css" rel=stylesheet
   type="text/css">
  <style type="text/css">
.example img { display: block }
.example { background: #ddd }
body { line-height: 1.3 }
.remove, .unimplemented { display: none }

table.string-set-example { font-family: monospace; border-collapse: collapse }
table.string-set-example div.pre {
  width: 12em; white-space: pre;
}
table.string-set-example td {
  padding: 0.3em;
  border: thin solid black
}
</style>

 <body>
  <div class=head> <!--begin-logo-->
   <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img alt=W3C height=48
    src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home" width=72></a> <!--end-logo-->

   <h1>CSS Page Floats</h1>

   <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id=w3c-working>Editor's Draft 24 September 2013</h2>

   <dl>
    <dt>This version:

    <dd><a
     href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-page-floats/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/ED-css3-gcpm-20130924/</a>

    <dt>Latest version:

    <dd><a
     href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-gcpm/">http://www.w3.org/TR/css-page-floats/</a>
     <!--
<dt>Previous version:
<dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/WD-css-page-floats/">
http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/WD-css-page-floats/</a>
-->

    <dt>Feedback:

    <dd><a
     href="mailto:www-style@w3.org?subject=%5Bcss-gcpm%5D%20feedback">www-style@w3.org</a>
     with subject line “<kbd>[css-page-floats] <var>… message topic
     …</var></kbd>” (<a
     href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-style/"
     rel=discussion>archives</a>)

    <dt>Editor:

    <dd>Håkon Wium Lie, Opera Software, howcome@opera.com
   </dl>
   <!--begin-copyright-->
   <p class=copyright><a
    href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Copyright"
    rel=license>Copyright</a> © 2013 <a href="http://www.w3.org/"><abbr
    title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr></a><sup>®</sup> (<a
    href="http://www.csail.mit.edu/"><abbr
    title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</abbr></a>, <a
    href="http://www.ercim.eu/"><abbr
    title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</abbr></a>,
    <a href="http://www.keio.ac.jp/">Keio</a>, <a
    href="http://ev.buaa.edu.cn/">Beihang</a>), All Rights Reserved. W3C <a
    href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Legal_Disclaimer">liability</a>,
    <a
    href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#W3C_Trademarks">trademark</a>
    and <a
    href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/copyright-documents">document
    use</a> rules apply.</p>
   <!--end-copyright-->
   <hr title="Separator for header">
  </div>

  <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id=abstract>Abstract</h2>

  <p>This module describes features often used in printed publications.
   Figures and photos are often moved to the top or bottom of columns and
   pages, along with their captions. Some elements (e.g., call-outs) push
   aside other content in the flow of text, and sometimes one column is given
   a different styling than others. This draft describes how to achieve these
   effects, both on paper and screens.

  <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id=status-of-this-document>Status of this
   document</h2>
  <!--begin-status-->

  <p>This is a public copy of the editors' draft. It is provided for
   discussion only and may change at any moment. Its publication here does
   not imply endorsement of its contents by W3C. Don't cite this document
   other than as work in progress.

  <p>The (<a
   href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-style/">archived</a>) public
   mailing list <a
   href="mailto:www-style@w3.org?Subject=%5Bcss-page-floats%5D%20PUT%20SUBJECT%20HERE">
   www-style@w3.org</a> (see <a
   href="http://www.w3.org/Mail/Request">instructions</a>) is preferred for
   discussion of this specification. When sending e-mail, please put the text
   “css-page-floats” in the subject, preferably like this:
   “[<!---->css-page-floats<!---->] <em>…summary of comment…</em>”

  <p>This document was produced by the <a
   href="http://www.w3.org/Style/CSS/members">CSS Working Group</a> (part of
   the <a href="http://www.w3.org/Style/">Style Activity</a>).

  <p>This document was produced by a group operating under the <a
   href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/">5 February
   2004 W3C Patent Policy</a>. W3C maintains a <a
   href="http://www.w3.org/2004/01/pp-impl/32061/status"
   rel=disclosure>public list of any patent disclosures</a> made in
   connection with the deliverables of the group; that page also includes
   instructions for disclosing a patent. An individual who has actual
   knowledge of a patent which the individual believes contains <a
   href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#def-essential">Essential
   Claim(s)</a> must disclose the information in accordance with <a
   href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#sec-Disclosure">section
   6 of the W3C Patent Policy</a>.</p>
  <!--end-status-->

  <p>This WD contains functionality that the CSS WG finds interesting and
   useful. The described functionality has been split off from <a
   href="#CSS3GCPM" rel=biblioentry>[CSS3GCPM]<!--{{CSS3GCPM}}--></a> draft.

  <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id=table-of-contents><a name=contents>Table of
   contents</a></h2>
  <!--begin-toc-->

  <ul class=toc>
   <li class=no-num><a href="#introduction">Introduction</a>

   <li><a href="#page-floats"><span class=secno>1. </span>Page floats</a>
    <ul class=toc>
     <li><a href="#floating-to-the-topbottom-top-bottom-sna"><span
      class=secno>1.1. </span>Floating to the top/bottom: top, bottom,
      snap</a>

     <li><a href="#spanning-columns"><span class=secno>1.2. </span>Spanning
      columns</a>

     <li><a href="#deferring-floats-float-defer-column-floa"><span
      class=secno>1.3. </span>Deferring floats: float-defer-column,
      float-defer-page</a>
      <ul class=toc>
       <li><a href="#float-defer-column"><span class=secno>1.3.1.
        </span>‘<code class=property>float-defer-column</code>’</a>

       <li><a href="#float-defer-page"><span class=secno>1.3.2.
        </span>‘<code class=property>float-defer-page</code>’</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="#clearing-page-floats"><span class=secno>1.4.
      </span>Clearing page floats</a>

     <li><a href="#floating-inside-and-outside-pages"><span class=secno>1.5.
      </span>Floating inside and outside pages</a>

     <li><a href="#wrapping-around-page-floats"><span class=secno>1.6.
      </span>Wrapping around page floats</a>

     <li><a href="#the-float-offset-property"><span class=secno>1.7.
      </span>The ‘<code class=property>float-offset</code>’ property</a>

     <li><a href="#overconstrained-page-floats"><span class=secno>1.8.
      </span>Overconstrained page floats</a>
    </ul>

   <li><a href="#exclusions"><span class=secno>2. </span>Exclusions</a>
    <ul class=toc>
     <li><a href="#the-clear-side-property"><span class=secno>2.1. </span>The
      ‘<code class=property>clear-side</code>’ property</a>

     <li><a href="#exclusions-based-on-images"><span class=secno>2.2.
      </span>Exclusions based on images</a>

     <li><a href="#exclusions-based-on-rendered-content"><span
      class=secno>2.3. </span>Exclusions based on rendered content</a>

     <li><a href="#exclusions-based-on-shapes"><span class=secno>2.4.
      </span>Exclusions based on shapes</a>
    </ul>

   <li><a href="#regions"><span class=secno>3. </span>Regions</a>

   <li><a href="#regions-and-exclusions-examples"><span class=secno>4.
    </span>Regions and Exclusions examples</a>

   <li><a href="#conformance"><span class=secno>5. </span>Conformance</a>

   <li class=no-num><a href="#acknowledgments">Acknowledgments</a>

   <li class=no-num><a href="#references">References</a>
    <ul class=toc>
     <li class=no-num><a href="#normative-references">Normative
      references</a>

     <li class=no-num><a href="#other-references">Other references</a>
    </ul>

   <li class=no-num><a href="#index">Index</a>

   <li class=no-num><a href="#property-index">Property index</a>
  </ul>
  <!--end-toc-->

  <h2 class=no-num id=introduction>Introduction</h2>

  <p>(This section is not normative.)

  <p>This module describes features often used in printed publications.
   Figures and photos are often moved to the top or bottom of columns and
   pages, along with their captions. Some elements (e.g., call-outs) push
   aside other content in the flow of text, and sometimes one column is given
   a different styling than others. This draft describes how to achieve these
   effects, both on paper and screens.

  <h2 id=page-floats><span class=secno>1. </span>Page floats</h2>

  <p>In page-based layouts, images and figures are often displayed at the top
   or bottom of pages. This specificaton adds new keywords on the ‘<code
   class=property>float</code>’ property to create <em>page floats</em>. A
   page float can float inside its natural column/page, or its placement can
   be deferred to a following column/page with the <em>float-defer</em>
   properties. Page floats can be set to span several columns, thereby
   supporting commonly used newspaper layouts. New values on the ‘<code
   class=property>clear</code>’ property adds further ways of refining
   layouts with page floats.

  <p class=note>Not all multicol elements are constrained by the page box.
   Therefore, a more accurate term for page floats may be <em>column
   floats</em> as all of them are constrained by the column box. However, in
   most cases, page floats seems like a better term.

  <h3 id=floating-to-the-topbottom-top-bottom-sna><span class=secno>1.1.
   </span>Floating to the top/bottom: top, bottom, snap</h3>

  <p>These new keywords on ‘<code class=property>float</code>’ have been
   added:

  <dl>
   <dt>top

   <dd>The float is floated to the top of the column

   <dt>bottom

   <dd>The float is floated to the bottom of the column <!--
<dt>top-corner
<dd>the box is floated to the top of the last column (in the inline direction) that fits inside the multicol element on the same page.

<dt>bottom-corner
<dd>similar to 'top-corner', exept the box is floated to the bottom
-->

   <dt>snap(&lt;length> &lt;length>? [, top | bottom | near ]?)

   <dd>
    <p>Makes the element float to the top or bottom if it naturally appears
     within a certain distance from the top or bottom. The length value(s)
     specifies the maxium distance from the top/bottom that an element must
     be within in order to be floated; one length value specifies the
     distance from both the top and the bottom, two length values specify the
     distance from the top and bottom, respectively.

    <p>The optional keyword value specifies where the element is floated:
     top, bottom, or the nearest of the two. The initial value is ‘<code
     class=property>near</code>’. If ‘<code class=property>near</code>’
     is in effect and the element is within the specified distance both from
     the top and the bottom, bottom wins.

    <p>An element is considered to be a float if it has a snap() value, even
     if the element does not appear within the specified distance. This way,
     it can be determined whether an element is float or not without laying
     out the document.

   <dt>snap

   <dd>same as 
B419
<tt>snap(2em, near)</tt>
  </dl>

  <p>These new keywords only apply in paged media; in continous media
   declarations with these keywords are ignored.

  <p>Elements with any of these new keywords are called ‘<code
   class=css>page floats</code>’. Each page float has a <em>natural
   column</em>, which is the column where the element would have started to
   appears it it was not a float. Also, each page float has a <em>natural
   page</em>, which is the page where the element would have started if the
   was not a float. Unless other constrained by lack of space or other
   float-* properties, page floats should appear in their natural column on
   the natural page.

  <div class=example>
   <p>Float figure to top of natural column:

   <pre>
.figure { float: top }
</pre>
   <img alt="sample rendering" src=7.png></div>

  <div class=example>
   <pre>
.figure { float: top; width: 50% }
</pre>
   <img alt="sample rendering" src=7b.png></div>

  <div class=example>
   <p>In this example, a figure naturally appears close to a column break.
    There is not enough space for the figure in the first column, and it is
    therefore placed in the second column, leaving white space at the bottom
    of the first column.</p>
   <img alt="sample rendering" src=23.png>
   <p>To avoid the white space, the image can be floated to the nearest edge
    (in the block direction):

   <pre>
.figure { float: snap }
</pre>

   <p>In this example, the figure is already at the nearest edge, so it does
    not move. However, page floats allow subsequent content to be displayed
    before the page float and the white space can therefore be filled:</p>
   <img alt="sample rendering" src=7.png></div>

  <div class=example>
   <p>In this example, two figures naturally appear in the text flow:</p>
   <img alt="sample rendering" src=20.png>
   <p>A typographer would typically try to avoid single lines of text
    above/below figures, which can be achieved with:

   <pre>
div.figure { float: snap(1.5em) }
</pre>

   <p>The length value specifies the reach of the snap function; in this
    example the second figure is affected, but not the first.
  </div>

  <div class=example>
   <p>In this example, two figures naturally appear in the text flow:</p>
   <img alt="sample rendering" src=20.png>
   <p>To make the figures snap to the nearest edges, this code can be
    applied:

   <pre>
div.figure { float: snap(2.5em) }
</pre>

   <p>The resultant rendering is:</p>
   <img alt="sample rendering" src=22.png></div>

  <div class=example>
   <p>Float figure to top of the natural column, spanning all columns:

   <pre>
.figure { float: top; column-span: all }
</pre>
   <img alt="sample redering" src=15.png></div>

  <div class=example>
   <p>In this example, tables will snap to the top/bottom if the top/bottom
    of the border box is closer than ‘<code class=css>3em</code>’ from
    the top/bottom of the page/column.

   <pre>
table { float: snap }
table { float: snap(3em) }
table { float: snap(3em, bottom) }
table { float: snap(3em 2em, bottom) }
</pre>
  </div>

  <p class=issue>Do numeric values, to represent line numbers, make sense,
   like for orphans/widows?

  <h3 id=spanning-columns><span class=secno>1.2. </span>Spanning columns</h3>

  <p>The ‘<code class=property>column-span</code>’ property is extended
   with integer values so that elements can span several columns. If the
   specified integer value is equal to, or larger than the number of columns
   in the multicol element, the number of columns spanned will be the same as
   if ‘<code class=css>column-span: all</code>’ had been specified.

  <div class=example>
   <p>In this example, a commonly used newspaper layout is easily described:

   <pre>
body { columns: 3 }
img.A { column-span: 2; width: 100% }  /* image spans two columns */
.one { column-span: 2 }                /* lead paragraph spans two columns */
</pre>
   <img alt="sample rendering" src=regions.png></div>

  <p>Further, the ‘<code class=property>page</code>’ value is added to
   ‘<code class=property>column-span</code>’ so that the page (and not
   the column or element) becomes the reference.

  <div class=example>
   <p>In this example, the footer is floated to the bottom of the last page
    (and not the bottom of the article element):

   <pre>
footer { float: bottom; column-span: page }

&lt;article>
  ...
  &lt;footer>...&lt;.footer>
&lt;/article>
</pre>
  </div>

  <p class=issue>An alternative way to express this would be to add a
   separate propertye, e.g., <code>float-reference: column | multicol |
   page</code>

  <h3 id=deferring-floats-float-defer-column-floa><span class=secno>1.3.
   </span>Deferring floats: float-defer-column, float-defer-page</h3>

  <p>A page float can be deferred to a following column/page with these new
   properties:

  <h4 id=float-defer-column><span class=secno>1.3.1. </span>‘<a
   href="#float-defer-column0"><code
   class=property>float-defer-column</code></a>’</h4>

  <table class=propdef>
   <tbody>
    <tr>
     <td><em>Name:</em>

     <td><dfn id=float-defer-column0>float-defer-column</dfn>

    <tr>
     <td><em>Value:</em>

     <td>&ltinteger> | last | none

    <tr>
     <td><em>Initial:</em>

     <td>none

    <tr>
     <td><em>Applies to:</em>

     <td>page floats

    <tr>
     <td><em>Inherited:</em>

     <td>no

    <tr>
     <td><em>Percentages:</em>

     <td>N/A

    <tr>
     <td><em>Media:</em>

     <td>visual

    <tr>
     <td><em>Computed value:</em>

     <td>specified value
  </table>

  <h4 id=float-defer-page><span class=secno>1.3.2. </span>‘<a
   href="#float-defer-page0"><code
   class=property>float-defer-page</code></a>’</h4>

  <table class=propdef>
   <tbody>
    <tr>

     <td><dfn id=float-defer-page0>float-defer-page</dfn>

    <tr>
     <td><em>Value:</em>

     <td>&ltinteger> | last | none

    <tr>
     <td><em>Initial:</em>

     <td>none

    <tr>
     <td><em>Applies to:</em>

     <td>page floats

    <tr>
     <td><em>Inherited:</em>

     <td>no

    <tr>
     <td><em>Percentages:</em>

     <td>N/A

    <tr>
     <td><em>Media:</em>

     <td>visual

    <tr>
     <td><em>Computed value:</em>

     <td>specified value
  </table>

  <p>These properties specify whether page floats should appear in their
   natural column/page, or in a following column/page. Values are:

  <dl>
   <dt>none

   <dd>the page float appears in the natural column/page

   <dt>&lt;integer>

   <dd>A positive integer value indicates that the page float should be
    displayed in a following column/page. A negative integer value indicates
    that the page float should be displayed in a following column/page,
    counted from the last column/page. When counting columns, the starting
    point is the last column of the multicol element on the natural page.
    When counting pages, the starting point is the last page of the multicol
    element.
  </dl>

  <div class=example>
   <p>Float figure to the top of the column that follows the natural column:

   <pre>
.figure { float: top }
.figure { float-defer-column: 1 }
</pre>
  </div>

  <div class=example>
   <p>Float figure to the top of the next-to-last column:

   <pre>
.figure { float: top; float-defer-column: -1 }
</pre>
   <img alt="sample rendering" src=7.png></div>

  <div class=example>
   <p>Float figure to top of the last column of the multicol element on the
    current page:

   <pre>
.figure { float: top; float-defer-column: last }
</pre>
   <img alt="sample rendering" src=6.png></div>

  <div class=example>
   <p>In combination with ‘<code class=property>column-span</code>’, the
    figure is floated to the top corner of the multicol element on that page:

   <pre>
.figure { float: top; column-span: 2; float-defer-column: last; width: 100% }
</pre>
   <img alt="sample rendering" src=8.png></div>

  <div class=example>
   <p>Float figure to the top of the second column, spanning two columns:

   <pre>
.figure {
  float: top; column-span: 2;
  float-defer-column: 1;
}
</pre>
   <img alt="sample rendering" src=18.png></div>

  <div class=example>
   <p>Float figure to the top right, leaving one full column:

   <pre>
.figure {
  float: top; column-span: 2;
  float-defer-column: -1;
}
</pre>
   <img alt="sample rendering" src=18.png>
   <p>Given that there are four columnn, the same layout would be achived
    with this code:

   <pre>
.figure {
  float: top; column-span: 2;
  float-defer-column: 1;
}
</pre>
  </div>

  <div class=example>
   <p>Float figure to the top of the first column on the next-to-last page:

   <pre>
.figure { float: top }
.figure { float-defer-page: -1 }
</pre>
  </div>

  <div class=example>
   <p>Float figure to the top of the next-to-last column on the next-to-last
    page:

   <pre>
.figure { float: top }
.figure { float-defer-column: -1 }
.figure { float-defer-page: -1 }
</pre>
  </div>

  <dl>
   <dt>last

   <dd>The page float should be displayed in the last colum, or on the last
    page.
    <div class=example>
     <p>Float figure to the top of the last column on the natural page:

     <pre>
.figure { float: top }
.figure { float-defer-column: last }
</pre>
     <img alt="sample rendering" src=6.png></div>

    <div class=example>
     <p>Float figure to the last column on the last page:

     <pre>
.figure { float: top }
.figure { float-defer-column: last }
.figure { float-defer-page: last }
</pre>
    </div>

   <dt>none

   <dd>The page floats should appear in their natural column/page, if
    possible.
  </dl>

  <p>Zero is not a legal value.

  <h3 id=clearing-page-floats><span class=secno>1.4. </span>Clearing page
   floats</h3>

  <p>Page floats may request to not be stacked, or to be the only page float
   on a page/column through new values on the ‘<code
   class=property>clear</code>’ property:

  <dl>
   <dt>top/bottom

   <dd>The page float requests to be the only page float at the top/bottom of
    the column. If there is already a page float at the requested position,
    the page float is moved to the next column which does not have a page
    float in the requested position.

   <dt>column

   <dd>The page float requests to be the only page float in the column. If
    there is already another page float on the page, the page float is moved
    to the next page which does not have a page float.

   <dt>page

   <dd>The page float requests to be the only page float on the page. If
    there is already another page float on the page, the page float is moved
    to the next page which does not have a page float.
  </dl>

  <div class=example>
   <p>In this example, the two figures may appear in the same column:

   <pre>
.figure { float: bottom; clear: none }

&ltdiv class=figure>&lt;/div>
&ltdiv class=figure>&lt;/div>
</pre>
   <img src=16.png></div>

  <div class=example>
   <p>In this example, the two figures will appear in different columns:

   <pre>
.figure { float: bottom; clear: column }

&ltdiv class=figure>&lt;/div>
&ltdiv class=figure>&lt;/div>
</pre>
   <img src=17.png></div>

  <div class=example>
   <p>In this example, the two figures may appear at the bottom of the same
    column due to clearing only at the top:

   <pre>
.figure { float: bottom; clear: top }

&ltdiv class=figure>&lt;/div>
&ltdiv class=figure>&lt;/div>
</pre>
   <img src=16.png></div>

  <div class=example>
   <p>In this example, the two figures will appear in different columns due
    to clearing at the bottom:

   <pre>
.figure { float: bottom; clear: bottom }

&ltdiv class=figure>&lt;/div>
&ltdiv class=figure>&lt;/div>
</pre>
   <img src=17.png></div>

  <div class=example>
   <p>In this example, the two figures end up the top corner of two different
    pages:

   <pre>
.figure { float: top; float-defer-column: last; clear: page }

&ltdiv class=figure>&lt;/div>
&ltdiv class=figure>&lt;/div>
</pre>
  </div>

  <div class=example>
   <p>In this example, the two figures request different positions, and they
    may therefore end up in the same column:

   <pre>
.figure.one { float: top; clear: top }
.figure.two { float: bottom; clear: bottom }

&ltdiv class="figure one">&lt;/div>
&ltdiv class="figure two">&lt;/div>
</pre>
  </div>

  <h3 id=floating-inside-and-outside-pages><span class=secno>1.5.
   </span>Floating inside and outside pages</h3>

  <p>Two allow content to flow to the inside and outside of a page, these
   keywords are added to the ‘<code class=property>float</code>’
   property:

  <dl>
   <dt>inside

   <dd>On a right page, this value is synonymous with ‘<code
    class=property>left</code>’. On a left page, this value is synonymous
    with ‘<code class=property>right</code>’.

   <dt>outside

   <dd>On a left page, this value is synonymous with ‘<code
    class=property>left</code>’, On a right page, this value is synonymous
    with ‘<code class=property>right</code>’.
  </dl>

  <p>These new values do not create page floats, the are simply aliases for
   ‘<code class=property>left</code>’ and ‘<code
   class=property>right</code>’.

  <div class=example>
   <pre>
.figure { float: outside }
</pre>
  </div>

  <p class=issue>Should there be a way to combine float: top/bottom with
   left/right?

  <p class=issue>Should there be a way to delete page floats that end up
   lonesome on pages?

  <h3 id=wrapping-around-page-floats><span class=secno>1.6. </span>Wrapping
   around page floats</h3>

  <table class=propdef>
   <tbody>
    <tr>
     <td><em>Name:</em>

     <td><dfn id=float-wrap>float-wrap</dfn>

    <tr>
     <td><em>Value:</em>

     <td>none | wrap

    <tr>
     <td><em>Initial:</em>

     <td>none

    <tr>
     <td><em>Applies to:</em>

     <td>page floats

    <tr>
     <td><em>Inherited:</em>

     <td>no

    <tr>
     <td><em>Percentages:</em>

     <td>N/A

    <tr>
     <td><em>Media:</em>

     <td>visual

    <tr>
     <td><em>Computed value:</em>

     <td>specified value
  </table>

  <p>This property indicates whether other content may wrap around a page
   float:

  <dl>
   <dt>none

   <dd>other content may not wrap around the page float

   <dt>wrap

   <dd>other content may wrap around the page float
  </dl>

  <p>The ‘<code class=property>intrude</code>’ value only works in
   combination with one of these keywords: ‘<code
   class=property>left</code>’/‘<code
   class=property>right</code>’/‘<code
   class=property>top</code>’/‘<code
   class=property>bottom</code>’/‘<code
   class=property>top-corner</code>’/‘<code
   class=property>bottom-corner</code>’.

  <div class=example>
   <pre class=css>
img { float: top; column-span: 2; float-wrap: wrap; width: 120%;  }
</pre>

   <p>In this example, the image is wider than the column and will therefore
    intrude into the neighboring column. At the bottom of the middle column
    is a long word that is clipped in the middle of the column gap. <img
    alt="sample rendering" src=1.png>
  </div>

  <h3 id=the-float-offset-property><span class=secno>1.7. </span>The ‘<a
   href="#float-offset"><code class=property>float-offset</code></a>’
   property</h3>

  <table class=propdef>
   <tbody>
    <tr>
     <td><em>Name:</em>

     <td><dfn id=float-offset>float-offset</dfn>

    <tr>
     <td><em>Value:</em>

     <td>&lt;length> &lt;length> ?

    <tr>
     <td><em>Initial:</em>

     <td>0 0

    <tr>
     <td><em>Applies to:</em>

     <td>floated elements

    <tr>
     <td><em>Inherited:</em>

     <td>no

    <tr>
     <td><em>Percentages:</em>

     <td>see prose

    <tr>
     <td><em>Media:</em>

     <td>visual, paged

    <tr>
     <td><em>Computed value:</em>

     <td>one or two absolute lengths
  </table>

  <p>This property pushes a float in opposite direction of the where it has
   been floated with ‘<code class=property>float</code>’. If one value is
   specified, it is the horizontal offset. If two values are specified, the
   first is the horizontal and the second is the vertical offset. If no
   vertical value has been specified, the vertical offset is set to zero.

  <p>This property can only influence a float along an axis it has been
   floated.

  <div class=example>
   <pre>
img {
  float: left;
  float-offset: 2em 3em;
}
</pre>

   <p>In this example, the image is floated to the left. Therefore, ‘<a
    href="#float-offset"><code class=property>float-offset</code></a>’ may
    only push the element in the horizontal direction, and the vertical value
    is ignored.
  </div>

  <p>Negative values are allowed; a negative values will push the float in
   the same direction as it has been floated with ‘<code
   class=property>float</code>’

  <p>This property may move floats into other column than where they
   naturally appear.

  <div class=example>
   <pre>img {
  float: right;
  float-offset: 5px;
}
</pre>
   <img alt="sample rendering" src=14.png></div>

  <p>Percentage values are computed according to this formula:

  <pre>
  (containing-block-width - float-width) * percentage
  (containing-block-height - float-height) * percentage
</pre>

  <div class=example> Pull quotes are often centered in a column. In this
   example, the pull quote is floated to the right, and then pushed back into
   the center. <img src="exclusion_wrap_side_left.png" width=213>
   <pre>
.pullquote {
  float: right;
  float-offset: 50%; /* 50% centers the box */
}
</pre>
  </div>

  <p>When negative values are set on this property, the column gap is also
   part of the calculation:

  <pre>
  ((containing-block-width + 2 * column-gap) - float-width) * percentage
</pre>