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<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type">
<title>CSS Basic User Interface Module Level 3 (CSS3 UI)</title>
<meta content="testing" name="csswg-work-status">
<meta content="ED" name="w3c-status">
<link href="../default.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="../csslogo.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon">
<style>
body {
background: url("https://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/logo-ED") top left no-repeat white;
background-attachment: fixed;
color: black;
font-family: sans-serif;
margin: 0 auto;
max-width: 50em;
padding: 2em 1em 2em 70px;
}
:link { color: #00C; background: transparent }
:visited { color: #609; background: transparent }
a[href]:active { color: #C00; background: transparent }
a[href]:hover { background: #ffa }
a[href] img { border-style: none }
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 { text-align: left }
h1, h2, h3 { color: #005A9C; }
h1 { font: 170% sans-serif }
h2 { font: 140% sans-serif }
h3 { font: 120% sans-serif }
h4 { font: bold 100% sans-serif }
h5 { font: italic 100% sans-serif }
h6 { font: small-caps 100% sans-serif }
.hide { display: none }
div.head { margin-bottom: 1em }
div.head h1 { margin-top: 2em; clear: both }
div.head table { margin-left: 2em; margin-top: 2em }
p.copyright { font-size: small }
p.copyright small { font-size: small }
pre { margin-left: 2em }
dt { font-weight: bold }
ul.toc, ol.toc {
list-style: none;
}
</style>
<meta content="Bikeshed 1.0.0" name="generator">
<script defer="" src="//test.csswg.org/harness/annotate.js#css-ui-3_dev/css-ui-3" type="text/javascript"></script>
<style>#awesome-table td {padding:5px}</style>
<style>.highlight .hll { background-color: #ffffcc }
.highlight { background: #ffffff; }
.highlight .c { color: #708090 } /* Comment */
.highlight .k { color: #990055 } /* Keyword */
.highlight .l { color: #669900 } /* Literal */
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.highlight .p { color: #999999 } /* Punctuation */
.highlight .cm { color: #708090 } /* Comment.Multiline */
.highlight .cp { color: #708090 } /* Comment.Preproc */
.highlight .c1 { color: #708090 } /* Comment.Single */
.highlight .cs { color: #708090 } /* Comment.Special */
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.highlight .kd { color: #990055 } /* Keyword.Declaration */
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.highlight .kt { color: #990055 } /* Keyword.Type */
.highlight .ld { color: #669900 } /* Literal.Date */
.highlight .m { color: #990055 } /* Literal.Number */
.highlight .s { color: #669900 } /* Literal.String */
.highlight .na { color: #0077aa } /* Name.Attribute */
.highlight .nc { color: #0077aa } /* Name.Class */
.highlight .no { color: #0077aa } /* Name.Constant */
.highlight .nd { color: #0077aa } /* Name.Decorator */
.highlight .ni { color: #0077aa } /* Name.Entity */
.highlight .ne { color: #0077aa } /* Name.Exception */
.highlight .nf { color: #0077aa } /* Name.Function */
.highlight .nl { color: #0077aa } /* Name.Label */
.highlight .nn { color: #0077aa } /* Name.Namespace */
.highlight .py { color: #0077aa } /* Name.Property */
.highlight .nt { color: #0077aa } /* Name.Tag */
.highlight .nv { color: #0077aa } /* Name.Variable */
.highlight .ow { color: #999999 } /* Operator.Word */
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CD6
Literal.String.Doc */
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pre.highlight { padding: 1em; margin: .5em 0; overflow: auto; }
:not(pre).highlight { padding: .1em; border-radius: .3em; }
</style>
</head>
<body class="h-entry">
<div class="head">
<p data-fill-with="logo"><a class="logo" href="http://www.w3.org/">
<img alt="W3C" height="48" src="https://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home" width="72">
</a>
</p>
<h1 class="p-name no-ref" id="title">CSS Basic User Interface Module Level 3 (CSS3 UI)</h1>
<h2 class="no-num no-toc no-ref heading settled" id="subtitle"><span class="content">Editor’s Draft,
<time class="dt-updated" datetime="2015-07-30">30 July 2015</time></span></h2>
<div data-fill-with="spec-metadata">
<dl>
<dt>This version:
<dd><a class="u-url" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-ui/">http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-ui/</a>
<dt>Latest version:
<dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-ui/">http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-ui/</a>
<dt>Previous Versions:
<dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2015/WD-css3-ui-20150707/" rel="previous">http://www.w3.org/TR/2015/WD-css3-ui-20150707/</a>
<dt>Feedback:
<dd><span><a href="mailto:www-style@w3.org?subject=%5Bcss-ui%5D%20YOUR%20TOPIC%20HERE">www-style@w3.org</a> with subject line “<kbd>[css-ui] <var>… message topic …</var></kbd>” (<a href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-style/" rel="discussion">archives</a>)</span>
<dt>Test Suite:
<dd><a href="http://test.csswg.org/suites/css-ui-3_dev/nightly-unstable/">http://test.csswg.org/suites/css-ui-3_dev/nightly-unstable/</a>
<dt>Issue Tracking:
<dd><a href="https://github.com/w3c/csswg-drafts/issues/">GitHub</a>
<dd><span><a href="https://wiki.csswg.org/spec/css3-ui">https://wiki.csswg.org/spec/css3-ui</a></span>
<dt class="editor">Editors:
<dd class="editor p-author h-card vcard"><a class="p-name fn u-url url" href="http://tantek.com">Tantek Çelik</a> (<a class="p-org org" href="https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/">Mozilla</a>) <a class="u-email email" href="mailto:tantek@cs.stanford.edu">tantek@cs.stanford.edu</a>
<dd class="editor p-author h-card vcard"><a class="p-name fn u-url url" href="http://florian.rivoal.net">Florian Rivoal</a> (<span class="p-org org">Invited Expert</span>) <a class="u-email email" href="mailto:florian@rivoal.net">florian@rivoal.net</a>
</dl>
</div>
<div data-fill-with="warning"></div>
<p class="copyright" data-fill-with="copyright"><a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Copyright">Copyright</a> © 2015 <a href="http://www.w3.org/"><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr></a><sup>®</sup> (<a href="http://www.csail.mit.edu/"><abbr title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</abbr></a>, <a href="http://www.ercim.eu/"><abbr title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</abbr></a>, <a href="http://www.keio.ac.jp/">Keio</a>, <a href="http://ev.buaa.edu.cn/">Beihang</a>). W3C <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Legal_Disclaimer">liability</a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#W3C_Trademarks">trademark</a> and <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/copyright-documents">document use</a> rules apply.
</p>
<hr title="Separator for header">
</div>
<h2 class="no-num no-toc no-ref heading settled" id="abstract"><span class="content">Abstract</span></h2>
<div class="p-summary" data-fill-with="abstract">
<p>This specification describes user interface related
properties and values that are proposed for CSS level 3
to style HTML and XML (including XHTML).
It includes and extends user interface related features from the
properties and values of CSS level 2 revision 1.
It uses various
properties and values to style basic user interface elements in a document.</p>
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS/">CSS</a> is a language for describing the rendering of structured documents
(such as HTML and XML)
on screen, on paper, in speech, etc.</div>
<h2 class="no-num no-toc no-ref heading settled" id="status"><span class="content">Status of this document</span></h2>
<div data-fill-with="status">
<p>
This is a public copy of the editors’ draft.
It is provided for discussion only and may change at any moment.
Its publication here does not imply endorsement of its contents by W3C.
Don’t cite this document other than as work in progress.
</p>
<p>
The (<a href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-style/">archived</a>) public mailing list
<a href="mailto:www-style@w3.org?Subject=%5Bcss-ui%5D%20PUT%20SUBJECT%20HERE">www-style@w3.org</a>
(see <a href="http://www.w3.org/Mail/Request">instructions</a>)
is preferred for discussion of this specification.
When sending e-mail,
please put the text “css-ui” in the subject,
preferably like this:
“[css-ui] <em>…summary of comment…</em>”
</p>
<p>
This document was produced by the <a href="http://www.w3.org/Style/CSS/members">CSS Working Group</a>
(part of the <a href="http://www.w3.org/Style/">Style Activity</a>).
</p>
<p>
This document was produced by a group operating under
the <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/">5 February 2004 W3C Patent Policy</a>.
W3C maintains a <a href="http://www.w3.org/2004/01/pp-impl/32061/status" rel="disclosure">public list of any patent disclosures</a>
made in connection with the deliverables of the group;
that page also includes instructions for disclosing a patent.
An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent which the individual believes contains <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#def-essential">Essential Claim(s)</a>
must disclose the information in accordance with <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#sec-Disclosure">section 6 of the W3C Patent Policy</a>.
</p>
<p>
This document is governed by the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2014/Process-20140801/" id="w3c_process_revision">1 August 2014 W3C Process Document</a>.
</p>
<p>
</p></div>
<div data-fill-with="at-risk">
<p>The following features are at-risk, and may be dropped during the CR period:
</p>
<ul>
<li>The <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="#propdef-caret-color">caret-color</a> property
<li>The <a href="#overflow-string"><string></a> value of the <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="#propdef-text-overflow">text-overflow</a> property
<li>The 2-value syntax of the <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="#propdef-text-overflow">text-overflow</a> property
<li>Constraints on <a href="#negative-offset">negative values</a> of the <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="#propdef-outline-offset">outline-offset</a> property being expressed with MUST rather than with SHOULD
</ul></div>
<h2 class="no-num no-toc no-ref heading settled" id="contents"><span class="content">Table of Contents</span></h2>
<div data-fill-with="table-of-contents" role="navigation">
<ul class="toc" role="directory">
<li><a href="#intro"><span class="secno">1</span> <span class="content">Introduction</span></a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a href="#purpose"><span class="secno">1.1</span> <span class="content">Purpose</span></a>
</ul>
<li><a href="#interaction"><span class="secno">2</span> <span class="content">Module Interactions</span></a>
<li><a href="#box-model"><span class="secno">3</span> <span class="content">Box Model addition</span></a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a href="#box-sizing"><span class="secno">3.1</span> <span class="content"><span class="property">box-sizing</span> property</span></a>
</ul>
<li><a href="#outline-props"><span class="secno">4</span> <span class="content">Outline properties</span></a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a href="#outline"><span class="secno">4.1</span> <span class="content"><span class="property">outline</span> property</span></a>
<li><a href="#outline-width"><span class="secno">4.2</span> <span class="content"><span class="property">outline-width</span> property</span></a>
<li><a href="#outline-style"><span class="secno">4.3</span> <span class="content"><span class="property">outline-style</span> property</span></a>
<li><a href="#outline-color"><span class="secno">4.4</span> <span class="content"><span class="property">outline-color</span> property</span></a>
<li><a href="#outline-offset"><span class="secno">4.5</span> <span class="content"><span class="property">outline-offset</span> property</span></a>
</ul>
<li><a href="#resizing-and-overflow"><span class="secno">5</span> <span class="content">Resizing & Overflow</span></a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a href="#resize"><span class="secno">5.1</span> <span class="content"><span class="property">resize</span> property</span></a>
<li><a href="#text-overflow"><span class="secno">5.2</span> <span class="content">
Overflow Ellipsis: the <span class="property">text-overflow</span> property</span></a>
</ul>
<li><a href="#pointing-keyboard"><span class="secno">6</span> <span class="content">Pointing Devices and Keyboards</span></a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a href="#pointer-interaction"><span class="secno">6.1</span> <span class="content">Pointer interaction</span></a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a href="#cursor"><span class="secno">6.1.1</span> <span class="content"><span class="property">cursor</span> property</span></a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a href="#canvas_cursor"><span class="secno">6.1.1.1</span> <span class="content">Cursor of the canvas</span></a>
</ul>
</ul>
<li><a href="#insertion-caret"><span class="secno">6.2</span> <span class="content">Insertion caret</span></a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a href="#caret-color"><span class="secno">6.2.1</span> <span class="content">Coloring the insertion caret: caret-color</span></a>
</ul>
<li><a href="#keyboard"><span class="secno">6.3</span> <span class="content">Keyboard control</span></a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a href="#nav-dir"><span class="secno">6.3.1</span> <span class="content">Directional focus navigation: the <span class="property">nav-up</span>, <span class="property">nav-right</span>, <span class="property">nav-down</span>, <span class="property">nav-left</span> properties</span></a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a href="#example-positioned-buttons"><span class="secno">6.3.1.1</span> <span class="content">Example: positioned buttons</span></a>
<li><a href="#example-moving-focus-to-inside-a-frame"><span class="secno">6.3.1.2</span> <span class="content">Example: moving focus to inside a frame</span></a>
</ul>
<li><a href="#input-method-editor"><span class="secno">6.3.2</span> <span class="content">Obsolete: the ime-mode property</span></a>
</ul>
</ul>
<li><a href="#acknowledgments"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">Appendix A. Acknowledgments</span></a>
<li><a href="#changes"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">Appendix B. Changes</span></a>
<li><a href="#security-privacy-considerations"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">Appendix C. Considerations for Security and Privacy</span></a>
<li><a href="#default-style-sheet"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">Appendix D. Default style sheet additions for HTML</span></a>
<li><a href="#test-suite"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">Appendix E: Test Suite</span></a>
<li><a href="#conformance"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">
Conformance</span></a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a href="#conventions"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">
Document conventions</span></a>
<li><a href="#conformance-classes"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">
Conformance classes</span></a>
<li><a href="#partial"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">
Partial implementations</span></a>
<li><a href="#experimental"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">
Experimental implementations</span></a>
<li><a href="#testing"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">
Non-experimental implementations</span></a>
</ul>
<li><a href="#index"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">Index</span></a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a href="#index-defined-here"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">Terms defined by this specification</span></a>
<li><a href="#index-defined-elsewhere"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">Terms defined by reference</span></a>
</ul>
<li><a href="#references"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">References</span></a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a href="#normative"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">Normative References</span></a>
<li><a href="#informative"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">Informative References</span></a>
</ul>
<li><a href="#property-index"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">Property Index</span></a>
</ul></div>
<main>
<p></p>
<h2 class="heading settled" data-level="1" id="intro"><span class="secno">1. </span><span class="content">Introduction</span><a class="self-link" href="#intro"></a></h2>
<p>This module describes CSS properties which enable authors
to style user interface related properties and values.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-CSS1#anchor-pseudo-classes">Section 2.1 of CSS1</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-css1">[CSS1]</a>
and <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2/ui.html">Chapter 18 of CSS2</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-css2">[CSS2]</a>
introduced several user interface related properties and values.
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/WD-css3-userint-20000216">User Interface for CSS3 (16 February 2000)</a> introduced several new user interface related features.</p>
<p>This Working Draft incorporates, extends, and supersedes them.</p>
<h3 class="heading settled" data-level="1.1" id="purpose"><span class="secno">1.1. </span><span class="content">Purpose</span><a class="self-link" href="#purpose"></a></h3>
<p>The purpose of this specification is to achieve the following objectives:</p>
<ul>
<li>Extend the user interface features in CSS2.1.
<li>Provide additional CSS mechanisms to augment or replace other
dynamic presentation related features in HTML.
<li>Introduce directional navigation properties to assist in the construction of
user interfaces which make use of a directional navigation model.
</ul>
<h2 class="heading settled" data-level="2" id="interaction"><span class="secno">2. </span><span class="content">Module Interactions</span><a class="self-link" href="#interaction"></a></h2>
<p>This document defines new features not present in earlier specifications.
In addition, it replaces and supersedes the following:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/ui.html#cursor-props">Section 18.1</a>,
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/ui.html#dynamic-outlines">section 18.4</a>,
and Information on the stacking of outlines defined in
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/zindex.html">Appendix E</a>
of Cascading Style Sheets, level 2, revision 1 <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-css21">[CSS21]</a>
<li><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/WD-css3-userint-20000216">User Interface for CSS3 (16 February 2000)</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-cssui">[CSSUI]</a>
</ul>
<h2 class="heading settled" data-level="3" id="box-model"><span class="secno">3. </span><span class="content">Box Model addition</span><a class="self-link" href="#box-model"></a></h2>
<h3 class="heading settled" data-level="3.1" id="box-sizing"><span class="secno">3.1. </span><span class="content"><a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="#propdef-box-sizing">box-sizing</a> property</span><a class="self-link" href="#box-sizing"></a></h3>
<table class="propdef">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Name:
<td><dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-box-sizing">box-sizing<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-box-sizing"></a></dfn>
<tr>
<th>Value:
<td>
content-box |
border-box
<tr>
<th>Initial:
<td>content-box
<tr>
<th>Applies to:
<td>all elements that accept width or height
<tr>
<th>Inherited:
<td>no
<tr>
<th>Percentages:
<td>N/A
<tr>
<th>Media:
<td>visual
<tr>
<th>Computed value:
<td>specified value
<tr>
<th>Animatable:
<td>no
</table>
<dl>
<dt><dfn class="css" data-dfn-for="box-sizing" data-dfn-type="value" data-export="" id="valdef-box-sizing-content-box">content-box<a class="self-link" href="#valdef-box-sizing-content-box"></a></dfn>
<dd>This is the behavior of width and height as specified by CSS2.1.
The specified width and height (and respective min/max properties)
apply to the width and height respectively of the content box of the element.
The padding and border of the element are laid out
and drawn outside the specified width and height.
<dt><dfn class="css" data-dfn-for="box-sizing" data-dfn-type="value" data-export="" id="valdef-box-sizing-border-box">border-box<a class="self-link" href="#valdef-box-sizing-border-box"></a></dfn>
<dd>Length and percentages values for width and height (and respective min/max properties)
on this element determine the border box of the element.
That is, any padding or border specified on the element
is laid out and drawn inside this specified width and height.
The c
7E53
ontent width and height are calculated
by subtracting the border and padding widths of the respective sides
from the specified <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-width">width</a>
and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-height">height</a> properties.
As the content width and height
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/visudet.html#the-width-property">cannot be negative</a> (<a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-css21">[CSS21]</a>, section 10.2),
this computation is floored at 0.
Used values, as exposed for instance through getComputedStyle(), also refer to the border box.
<p class="note" role="note">Note: This is the behavior of width and height as commonly implemented
by legacy HTML user agents for replaced elements and input elements.</p>
</dl>
<p class="note" role="note">Note: In contrast to the length and percentage values,
the <span class="css">auto</span> value of the <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-width">width</a> and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-height">height</a> properties
(as well as other keyword values introduced by later specifications,
unless otherwise specified)
is not influenced by the <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="#propdef-box-sizing">box-sizing</a> property,
and always sets the size of the content box.</p>
<p>The following terms, whose definitions vary based on the computed value of <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="#propdef-box-sizing">box-sizing</a> are introduced:</p>
<table border="1">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>
<th><a class="css" data-link-type="propdesc" href="#propdef-box-sizing">box-sizing: content-box</a>
<th><a class="css" data-link-type="propdesc" href="#propdef-box-sizing">box-sizing: border-box</a>
<tr>
<td><dfn data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport="" id="min-inner-width">min inner width<a class="self-link" href="#min-inner-width"></a></dfn>
<td><a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-min-width">min-width</a>
<td>max(0, <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-min-width">min-width</a> − <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-padding-left">padding-left</a> − <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-padding-right">padding-right</a> − <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-left-width">border-left-width</a> − <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-right-width">border-right-width</a>)
<tr>
<td><dfn data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport="" id="max-inner-width">max inner width<a class="self-link" href="#max-inner-width"></a></dfn>
<td><a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-max-width">max-width</a>
<td>max(0, <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-max-width">max-width</a> − <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-padding-left">padding-left</a> − <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-padding-right">padding-right</a> − <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-left-width">border-left-width</a> − <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-right-width">border-right-width</a>)
<tr>
<td><dfn data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport="" id="min-inner-height">min inner height<a class="self-link" href="#min-inner-height"></a></dfn>
<td><a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-min-height">min-height</a>
<td>max(0, <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-min-height">min-height</a> − <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-padding-top">padding-top</a> − <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-padding-bottom">padding-bottom</a> − <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-top-width">border-top-width</a> − <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-bottom-width">border-bottom-width</a>)
<tr>
<td><dfn data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport="" id="max-inner-height">max inner height<a class="self-link" href="#max-inner-height"></a></dfn>
<td><a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-max-height">max-height</a>
<td>max(0, <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-max-height">max-height</a> − <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-padding-top">padding-top</a> − <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-padding-bottom">padding-bottom</a> − <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-top-width">border-top-width</a> − <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-bottom-width">border-bottom-width</a>)
</table>
<p>The <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/visudet.html">Visual formatting model details</a> of <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-css21">[CSS21]</a> are written assuming <a class="css" data-link-type="propdesc" href="#propdef-box-sizing">box-sizing: content-box</a>. The following disambiguations are made to clarify the behavior for all values of <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="#propdef-box-sizing">box-sizing</a>:</p>
<ol>
<li>In <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/visudet.html#blockwidth">10.3.3</a>, the second <q>width</q> in the following phrase is to be interpreted as <a data-link-type="dfn" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#content-width">content width</a>: <q>If <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-width">width</a> is not <span class="css">auto</span> and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-left-width">border-left-width</a> + <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-padding-left">padding-left</a> + <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-width">width</a> + [...]</q>
<li>In <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/visudet.html#abs-non-replaced-width">10.3.7</a>, <q>width</q> is to be interpreted as <a data-link-type="dfn" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#content-width">content width</a> in the following equation: <q><a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/visuren.html#position-props">left</a> + <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-margin-left">margin-left</a> + <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-left-width">border-left-width</a> + <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-padding-left">padding-left</a> + <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-width">width</a> + [...]</q>
<li>In <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/visudet.html#min-max-widths">10.4</a>, <q>width</q>, <q>height</q>, <q>min-width</q>, <q>max-width</q>, <q>min-height</q> and <q>max-height</q> are respectively to be interpreted as <a data-link-type="dfn" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#content-width">content width</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#content-height">content height</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#min-inner-width">min inner width</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#max-inner-width">max inner width</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#min-inner-height">min inner height</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#max-inner-height">max inner height</a> in the following phrases:
<ol>
<li><q>The tentative used width is calculated [...]</q>
<li><q>If the tentative used width is greater than <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-max-width">max-width</a>, the rules above are applied again, but this time using the computed value of <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-max-width">max-width</a> as the computed value for <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-width">width</a>.</q>
<li><q>If the resulting width is smaller than <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-min-width">min-width</a>, the rules above are applied again, but this time using the value of <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-min-width">min-width</a> as the computed value for <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-width">width</a>.</q>
<li><q>Select from the table the resolved height and width values for the appropriate constraint violation. Take the max-width and max-height as max(min, max) so that min ≤ max holds true. In this table w and h stand for the results of the width and height computations [...]</q>
<li>All instances of these words in the table
<li><q>Then apply the rules under "Calculating widths and margins" above, as if <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-width">width</a> were computed as this value.</q>
</ol>
<li>In <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/visudet.html#abs-non-replaced-height">10.6.4</a>, <q>height</q> is to be interpreted as <a data-link-type="dfn" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#content-height">content height</a> in the following equation: <q><a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/visuren.html#position-props">top</a> + <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-margin-top">margin-top</a> + <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-top-width">border-top-width</a> + <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-padding-top">padding-top</a> + <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-height">height</a> + [...]</q>
<li>In <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/visudet.html#min-max-heights">10.7</a>, <q>width</q>, <q>height</q>, <q>min-height</q> and <q>max-height</q> are respectively to be interpreted as <a data-link-type="dfn" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#content-width">content width</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#content-height">content height</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#min-inner-height">min inner height</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#max-inner-height">max inner height</a> in the following phrases:
<ol>
<li><q>The tentative used height is calculated [...]</q>
<li><q>If this tentative height is greater than <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-max-height">max-height</a>, the rules above are applied again, but this time using the value of <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-max-height">max-height</a> as the computed value for <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-height">height</a>.</q>
<li><q>If the resulting height is smaller than <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-min-height">min-height</a>, the rules above are applied again, but this time using the value of <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-min-height">min-height</a> as the computed value for <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-height">height</a>.</q>
<li><q>[...] use the algorithm under Minimum and maximum widths above to find the used width and height. Then apply the rules under "Computing heights and margins" above, using the resulting width and height as if they were the computed values.</q>
</ol>
</ol>
<div class="example" id="example-ede4dfdf"><a class="self-link" href="#example-ede4dfdf"></a>
<p style="display:none">Example(s):
</p>
<h4 class="no-num no-toc heading settled" id="box-sizing-example"><span class="content">Using box-sizing to evenly share space</span><a class="self-link" href="#box-sizing-example"></a></h4>
<p>This example uses box-sizing to evenly horizontally split
two divs with fixed size borders inside a div container,
which would otherwise require additional markup.</p>
<p>sample CSS:</p>
<pre><code class="lang-css highlight"><span class="nt">div</span><span class="nc">.container</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">width</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="m">38em</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">border</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="m">1em</span> <span class="k">solid</span> <span class="nb">black</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="nt">div</span><span class="nc">.split</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">box</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">sizing</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="k">border</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">box</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">width</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="m">50%</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">border</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="m">1em</span> <span class="nb">silver</span> <span class="k">ridge</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">float</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="k">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span></code></pre>
<p>sample HTML fragment:</p>
<pre><code class="lang-markup highlight"><span class="nt"><div</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"container"</span><span class="nt">></span>
<span class="nt"><div</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"split"</span><span class="nt">></span>This div occupies the left half.<span class="nt"></div></span>
<span class="nt"><div</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"split"</span><span class="nt">></span>This div occupies the right half.<span class="nt"></div></span>
<span class="nt"></div></span></code></pre>
<p>demonstration of sample CSS and HTML:</p>
<div style="width:38em; border:1em solid black">
<div style="box-sizing:border-box; width:50%; border:1em silver ridge; float:left">This div should occupy the left half.</div>
<div style="box-sizing:border-box; width:50%; border:1em silver ridge; float:left">This div should occupy the right half.</div>The two divs above should appear side by side, each (including borders) 50% of the content width of their container. If instead they are stacked one on top of the other then your browser does not support <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="#propdef-box-sizing">box-sizing</a>.
</div>
</div>
<h2 class="heading settled" data-level="4" id="outline-props"><span class="secno">4. </span><span class="content">Outline properties</span><a class="self-link" href="#outline-props"></a></h2>
<p>At times, style sheet authors may want to create outlines around
visual objects such as buttons, active form fields, image maps, etc.,
to make them stand out. Outlines differ from borders in the following
ways:</p>
<ol>
<li>Outlines do not take up space.
<li>Outlines may be non-rectangular.
<li>UAs often render outlines on elements in the :focus state.
</ol>
<p>The outline properties control the style of these dynamic outlines.</p>
<p>The stacking of the rendering of these outlines is explicitly left up to implementations to provide a better user experience per platform. This supersedes the stacking of outlines as defined in CSS 2.1.</p>
<p><strong class="advisement">
Keyboard users,
in particular people with disabilities
who may not be able to interact with the page in any other fashion,
depend on the outline being visible
on elements in the :focus state,
thus authors must not make the outline invisible on such elements
without making sure an alternative highlighting mechanism is provided.
</strong></p>
<p>The rendering of applying transforms to outlines is left explicitly undefined in CSS3-UI.</p>
<h3 class="heading settled" data-level="4.1" id="outline"><span class="secno">4.1. </span><span class="content"><a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="#propdef-outline">outline</a> property</span><a class="self-link" href="#outline"></a></h3>
<table class="propdef">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Name:
<td><dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-outline">outline<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-outline"></a></dfn>
<tr>
<th>Value:
<td>
[ <<a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="#propdef-outline-color">outline-color</a>> || <<a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="#propdef-outline-style">outline-style</a>> ||
<<a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="#propdef-outline-width">outline-width</a>> ]
<tr>
<th>Initial:
<td>see individual properties
<tr>
<th>Applies to:
<td>all elements
<tr>
<th>Inherited:
<td>no
<tr>
<th>Percentages:
<td>N/A
<tr>
<th>Media:
<td>visual
<tr>
<th>Computed value:
<td>see individual properties
<tr>
<th>Animatable:
<td>see individual properties
</table>
<h3 class="heading settled" data-level="4.2" id="outline-width"><span class="secno">4.2. </span><span class="content"><a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="#propdef-outline-width">outline-width</a> property</span><a class="self-link" href="#outline-width"></a></h3>
<table class="propdef">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Name:
<td><dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-outline-width">outline-width<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-outline-width"></a></dfn>
<tr>
<th>Value:
<td><a class="production" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-width"><‘border-width’></a>
<tr>
<th>Initial:
<td>medium
<tr>
<th>Applies to:
<td>all elements
<tr>
<th>Inherited:
<td>no
<tr>
<th>Percentages:
<td>N/A
<tr>
<th>Media:
<td>visual
<tr>
<th>Computed value:
<td>absolute length; <span class="css">0</span> if the outline style is <span class="css">none</span>.
<tr>
<th>Animatable:
<td>as <a href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css3-transitions/#animtype-length">length</a>
</table>
<h3 class="heading settled" data-level="4.3" id="outline-style"><span class="secno">4.3. </span><span class="content"><a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="#propdef-outline-style">outline-style</a> property</span><a class="self-link" href="#outline-style"></a></h3>
<table class="propdef">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Name:
<td><dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-outline-style">outline-style<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-outline-style"></a></dfn>
<tr>
<th>Value:
<td>auto | <a class="production" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-style"><‘border-style’></a>
<tr>
<th>Initial:
<td>none
<tr>
<th>Applies to:
<td>all elements
<tr>
<th>Inherited:
<td>no
<tr>
<th>Percentages:
<td>N/A
<tr>
<th>Media:
<td>visual
<tr>
<th>Computed value:
<td>specified value
<tr>
<th>Animatable:
<td>no
</table>
<h3 class="heading settled" data-level="4.4" id="outline-color"><span class="secno">4.4. </span><span class="content"><a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="#propdef-outline-color">outline-color</a> property</span><a class="self-link" href="#outline-color"></a></h3>
<table class="propdef">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Name:
<td><dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-outline-color">outline-color<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-outline-color"></a></dfn>
<tr>
<th>Value:
<td><a class="production css" data-link-type="type" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-color-3/#valuea-def-color" title="Expands to: steelblue
| skyblue
| salmon
| green
| lightblue
| powderblue
| darkgoldenrod
| grey
| aquamarine
| mintcream
| slategrey
| midnightblue
| paleturquoise
| lightgray
| mediumturquoise
| orchid
| peru
| pink
| slateblue
| dodgerblue
| blueviolet
| cadetblue
| lawngreen
| transparent
| chartreuse
| brown
| yellow
| limegreen
| gray
| black
| blue
| tomato
| silver
| oldlace
| navajowhite
| saddlebrown
| mediumvioletred
| chocolate
| springgreen
| teal
| currentcolor
| ghostwhite
| mediumorchid
| mediumspringgreen
| turquoise
| darkseagreen
| antiquewhite
| blanchedalmond
| darkmagenta
| peachpuff
| firebrick
| lightseagreen
| dimgrey
| cornflowerblue
| navy
| snow
| cornsilk
| lightgrey
| rebeccapurple
| darksalmon
| darkviolet
| lavender
| darkgrey
| olive
| lime
| whitesmoke
| papayawhip
| lightgoldenrodyellow
| darkslategrey
| sandybrown
| darkslateblue
| lightsalmon
| palevioletred
| sienna
| ivory
| darkblue
| lightsteelblue
| crimson
| lightslategray
| gold
| aqua
| darkred
| burlywood
| yellowgreen
| tan
| honeydew
| darkgreen
| mediumpurple
| darkcyan
| lightgreen
| cyan
| forestgreen
| plum
| darkorange
| mediumslateblue
| azure
| coral
| rosybrown
| white
| lightskyblue
| mediumblue
| lightcyan
| moccasin
| fuchsia
| mediumaquamarine
| indianred
| lightcoral
| lemonchiffon
| beige
| seashell
| slategray
| orange
| darkgray
| aliceblue
| goldenrod
| deepskyblue
| olivedrab
| thistle
| darkslategray
| darkorchid
| lightyellow
| royalblue
| lightpink
| mediumseagreen
| mistyrose
| palegreen
| lavenderblush
| gainsboro
| deeppink
| maroon
| khaki
| lightslategrey
| linen
| seagreen
| darkkhaki
| magenta
| indigo
| darkturquoise
| floralwhite
| greenyellow
| dimgray
| red
| palegoldenrod
| bisque
| purple
| orangered
| violet
| darkolivegreen
| wheat
| hotpink
"><color></a> | invert
<tr>
<th>Initial:
<td>invert
<tr>
<th>Applies to:
<td>all elements