csswg-drafts/css2/diffs-wd/cover.html at 72acb70bf145f3d455bcac730a1325b69265d827 · w3c/csswg-drafts · GitHub

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN">

<html lang="en">

<title>Cascading Style Sheets Level 2 Revision 1 (CSS&nbsp;2.1) Specification</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style/default.css" type="text/css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-MO.css" type="text/css">
<link rel="next" href="about.html">
<link rel="contents" href="cover.html#minitoc">
<link rel="CSS-properties" href="propidx.html" title="properties">
<link rel="index" href="indexlist.html" title="index">
<link rel="first" href="cover.html">

<body>
<div class="navbar">
<p><a href="about.html">next</a> &nbsp;
<a href="cover.html#minitoc">contents</a> &nbsp;
<a href="propidx.html">properties</a> &nbsp;
<a href="indexlist.html">index</a> &nbsp;
</div>
<hr class="navbar">

<div class="head">
  <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img alt="W3C" height="48"
    src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home" width="72"></a>

  <h1 id="title">Cascading Style Sheets Level 2 Revision 1 (CSS&nbsp;2.1) Specification</h1>
  <h2 id="W3C-doctype">W3C  <del>Candidate Recommendation 08 September 2009</del><ins>Member-only Draft DD MMMMM YYYY</ins></h2>

  <dl>
  <dt>This version:
  <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/YYYY/MO-CSS2-YYYYMMDD">
                <del>http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/CR-CSS2-20090908</del><ins>http://www.w3.org/TR/YYYY/MO-CSS2-YYYYMMDD</ins></a>
  <dt>Latest version:
  <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2">
               http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2</a>
  <dt>Previous versions:
  <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/CR-CSS2-20090908">
                <del>http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/CR-CSS2-20090423</del><ins>http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/CR-CSS2-20090908</ins></a>
  <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-CSS2-20080411/">
               http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-CSS2-20080411/</a>
  <dt>Editors:
  <dd class="vcard"><a class="url fn" lang=nl href="http://www.w3.org/People/Bos/">
               Bert Bos</a>
            &lt;<span class="email">bert&nbsp;@w3.org</span>&gt;</dd>
  <dd class="vcard"><a class="url fn" lang=tr href="http://tantek.com/">
               Tantek &Ccedil;elik</a>
            &lt;<span class="email">tantek&nbsp;@cs.stanford.edu</span>&gt;</dd>
  <dd class="vcard"><a class="url fn" lang=en href="http://ian.hixie.ch/">
               Ian Hickson</a>
               &lt;<span class="email">ian&nbsp;@hixie.ch</span>&gt;&l
6CC9
t;/dd>
  <dd class="vcard"><a class="url fn n" lang=no href="http://people.opera.com/howcome/">
<span class="given-name">H&aring;kon</span> <span class="additional-name">Wium</span> <span class="family-name">Lie</span></a>
               &lt;<span class="email">howcome&nbsp;@opera.com</span>&gt;</dd>
  </dl>

  <p>Please refer to the <a
  href="http://www.w3.org/Style/css2-updates/MO-CSS2-YYYYMMDD-errata.html"><strong>
  errata</strong></a> for this document.

  <p>This document is also available in these non-normative formats:
  <a href="css2.txt">plain text</a>,
  <a href="css2.tgz">gzip'ed tar file</a>,
  <a href="css2.zip">zip file</a>,
  <a href="css2.ps.gz">gzip'ed PostScript</a>,
  <a href="css2.pdf">PDF</a>.
  See also <a
  href="http://www.w3.org/2005/11/Translations/Query?titleMatch=CSS;lang=any;search1=Submit"><strong>
  translations</strong></a>.

  <p class="copyright"><a
  href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Copyright">
  Copyright</a> &copy; 2009 <a href="http://www.w3.org/"><acronym
  title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</acronym></a><sup>&reg;</sup>
  (<a href="http://www.csail.mit.edu/"><acronym title="Massachusetts
  Institute of Technology">MIT</acronym></a>, <a
  href="http://www.ercim.org/"><acronym title="European Research
  Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</acronym></a>, <a
  href="http://www.keio.ac.jp/">Keio</a>), All Rights Reserved. W3C <a
  href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Legal_Disclaimer">
  liability</a>, <a
  href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#W3C_Trademarks">
  trademark</a> and <a
  href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/copyright-documents">
  document use</a> rules apply.

  <hr title="Separator from Header">
</div>

<h2 id=abstract>Abstract</h2>

<p>This specification defines Cascading Style Sheets, level&nbsp;2
revision&nbsp;1 (CSS&nbsp;2.1). CSS&nbsp;2.1 is a style sheet language
that allows
authors and users to attach style (e.g., fonts and spacing) to
structured documents (e.g., HTML documents and XML
applications). By separating the presentation style of documents from
the content of documents, CSS&nbsp;2.1 simplifies Web authoring and
site maintenance.

<P>CSS&nbsp;2.1 builds on CSS2 <a href="refs.html#ref-CSS2" rel="biblioentry" class="noxref"><span class="informref">[CSS2]</span></a> which builds on CSS1 <a href="refs.html#ref-CSS1" rel="biblioentry" class="noxref"><span class="informref">[CSS1]</span></a>.
It supports media-specific style sheets so that authors may tailor the
presentation of their documents to visual browsers, aural devices,
printers, braille devices, handheld devices, etc. It also supports
content positioning, table layout, features for internationalization
and some properties related to user interface.

<p>CSS&nbsp;2.1 corrects a few errors in CSS2 (the most important
being a new definition of the height/width of absolutely positioned
elements, more influence for HTML's "style" attribute and a new
calculation of the 'clip' property), and adds a few highly requested
features which have already been widely implemented.
But most of all CSS&nbsp;2.1
represents a "snapshot" of CSS usage: it consists of all CSS features
that are implemented interoperably at the date of publication of the Recommendation.

<p>CSS&nbsp;2.1 is derived from and is intended to replace CSS2. Some
parts of CSS2 are unchanged in CSS&nbsp;2.1, some parts have been
altered, and some parts removed. The removed portions may be used in a
future CSS3 specification. Future specs should refer to CSS&nbsp;2.1
(unless they need features from CSS2 which have been dropped in
CSS&nbsp;2.1, and then they should only reference CSS2 for those
features, or preferably reference such feature(s) in the respective
CSS3 Module that includes those feature(s)).

<h2 id=status>Status of this document</h2>

<p><em>This section describes the status of this document at the time
of its publication. Other documents may supersede this document. A
list of current W3C publications and the latest revision of this
technical report can be found in the <a
href="http://www.w3.org/TR/">W3C technical reports index at
http://www.w3.org/TR/</a>.</em>

<p>This is a W3C Candidate Recommendation, which means the
specification has been widely reviewed and W3C recommends that it be
implemented. It will remain Candidate Recommendation
<a href="#crec">at least until 23 October 2009.</a> A test suite and
an implementations report will be provided before the document becomes
a Proposed Recommendation.</p>

<p>Publication as a Candidate Recommendation does not imply endorsement
by the W3C Membership. This is a draft document and may be updated,
replaced or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate
to cite this document as other than work in progress.</p>

<p>The (<a
href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-style/">archived</a>)
public mailing list <a
href="mailto:www-style@w3.org?subject=%5bCSS21%5d%20INSERT%20SUMMARY%20HERE">
www-style@w3.org</a> (see <a
href="http://www.w3.org/Mail/Request">instructions</a>) is preferred
for discussion of this specification. When sending e-mail, please put
the text &#8220;[CSS21]&#8221; in the subject, preferably like
this: &#8220;[CSS21] <em>&hellip;summary of
comment&hellip;</em>&#8221;</p>

<p>This document incorporates <a
href="/Style/css2-updates/CR-CSS2-20090423-errata.html"> errata</a>
resulting from implementation experience since the previous
publication. Some of the corrections remove ambiguities or change the
behavior in edge cases, and therefore it is expected that another
Working Draft will (briefly) precede the Proposed Recommendation, in
order to invite more review.

<p>This document was produced by the <a
href="/Style/CSS/members">CSS Working Group</a> (part
of the <a href="/Style/">Style Activity</a>).

<p>This document was produced by a group operating under
the <a href="/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/">5
February 2004 W3C Patent Policy</a>. W3C maintains
a <a rel="disclosure" href="/2004/01/pp-impl/32061/status">public list of any
patent disclosures</a> made in connection with the deliverables of the
group; that page also includes instructions for disclosing a patent.
An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent which the
individual believes
contains <a
href="/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#def-essential">Essential
Claim(s)</a> must disclose the information in accordance
with <a
href="/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#sec-Disclosure">section 6 of
the W3C Patent Policy</a>.</p>


<h3 class="no-num" id="crec">Candidate Recommendation Exit Criteria</h3>

<p>For this specification to exit the CR stage, the following
conditions must be met:</p>
 <ol>
  <li>
   <p>There must be at least two interoperable implementations
   for every feature. For the purposes of this criterion,
   we define the following terms:</p>
   <dl>
    <dt>feature</dt>
    <dd>
     <p>
      A section or subsection of the specification.
     </p>
    </dd>
    <dt>interoperable</dt>
    <dd>
     <p>passing the respective test cases in the test suite, or,
     if the implementation is not a web browser, equivalent tests.
     Every relevant test in the test suite should have an equivalent
     test created if such a UA is to be used to claim interoperability.
     In addition if such a UA is to be used to claim interoperability,
     then there must one or more additional UAs which can also pass
     those equivalent tests in the same way for the purpose of
     interoperability. The equivalent tests must be made publicly
     available for the purposes of peer review.</p>
    </dd>
    <dt>implementation</dt>
    <dd>
     <p>a user agent which:</p>
     <ol>
      <li>implements the feature.</li>
      <li>is available (i.e., publicly downloadable or available
      through some other public point of sale mechanism). This is the
      "show me" requirement.</li>
      <li>is shipping (i.e., development, private or unofficial
      versions are insufficient).</li>
      <li>is not experimental (i.e., is intended for a wide audience
      and could be used on a daily basis).</li>
     </ol>
    </dd>
   </dl>
  </li>
  <li><p>A minimum of six months of the CR period must have elapsed.
  This is to ensure that enough time is given for any remaining major
  errors to be caught.</p></li>
  <li><p>The CR period will be extended if implementations are slow to
  appear.</p></li>
  <li><p>Features that were not in CSS1 will be dropped (thus reducing the
   list of "all" features mentioned above) if two or more
   interoperable implementations of those features are not found by
   the end of the CR period.</p></li>
  <li><p>Features will also be dropped if sufficient and adequate
  tests (by judgment of the working group) have not been produced for
  those features by the end of the CR period.</p></li>
 </ol>

<h3 id=at-risk>Features at risk</h3>

<p>The working group has identified the following features as being
currently poorly implemented by UAs. They are therefore most at risk
of being removed from CSS&nbsp;2.1 when exiting CR. (Any changes of this
nature will still result in the specification being returned to last
call.) Implementors are urged to implement these features, or correct
bugs in their implementations, if they wish to see these features remain
in this specification.</p>
<dl>
 <dt>New 'list-style-type' values</dt>
 <dd>
  <ul>
   <li>'armenian'</li>
   <li>'georgian'</li>
   <li>'lower-greek'</li>
  </ul>
  <p>Implementors are advised to look at CSS3 Lists instead, where these and
  many other new values not found in CSS1 are defined in detail.
  <a href="refs.html#ref-CSS3LIST" rel="biblioentry" class="noxref"><span class="informref">[CSS3LIST]</span></a></p>
 <dt>Support for multiple ID attributes for the ID selector
 <dd>
  <p>Because implementations are not expected to support multiple IDs
  per element soon, this feature may be made informative. The W3C
  Selectors specification will continue to have this feature
  normatively. (<a href="selector.html#id-selectors">Section
  5.9.</a>)
 </dd>
 <dt>Automatic table layout algorithm
 <dd>
  <p>The input to the suggested (non-normative) automatic layout
  algorithm for tables is restricted to (1) the containing block width
  and (2) the content and properties of the table and its
  children. This restriction may be lifted.
 <dt>Quotes
 <dd>
 <p>The <span class="propinst-quotes">'quotes'</span> property and the
 'open-quote', 'close-quote', 'no-open-quote' and 'no-close-quote'
 keywords may be dropped.
 <dt>BODY element in XHTML
 <dd>
 <p>The effect of <a href="visufx.html#overflow">'overflow'</a> and <a
 href="colors.html#background">'background'</a> is different on BODY elements
 in HTML than on other elements. It may be that the exceptional
 handling of BODY in HTML is extended to BODY in XHTML1.
</dl>

<!--NewPage--><!-- this is for html2ps -->
<div class="toc">
<h2><a name="minitoc">Quick Table of Contents</a></h2>
<ul class="toc">
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="about.html" class="tocxref">1 About the CSS&nbsp;2.1 Specification</a>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="intro.html" class="tocxref">2 Introduction to CSS&nbsp;2.1</a>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="conform.html" class="tocxref">3 Conformance: Requirements and Recommendations</a>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="syndata.html&q
6CC9
uot; class="tocxref">4 Syntax and basic data types</a>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="selector.html" class="tocxref">5 Selectors</a>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="cascade.html" class="tocxref">6 Assigning property values, Cascading, and Inheritance</a>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="media.html" class="tocxref">7 Media types</a>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="box.html" class="tocxref">8 Box model</a>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="visuren.html" class="tocxref">9 Visual formatting model</a>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="visudet.html" class="tocxref">10 Visual formatting model details</a>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="visufx.html" class="tocxref">11 Visual effects</a>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="generate.html" class="tocxref">12 Generated <span class="index-def" title="generated content">content</span>, automatic <span class="index-def" title="automatic numbering">numbering</span>, and lists</a>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="page.html" class="tocxref">13 Paged media</a>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="colors.html" class="tocxref">14 Colors and Backgrounds</a>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="fonts.html" class="tocxref">15 Fonts</a>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="text.html" class="tocxref">16 Text</a>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="tables.html" class="tocxref">17 Tables</a>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="ui.html" class="tocxref">18 User interface</a>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="aural.html" class="tocxref">Appendix A. Aural style sheets</a>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="refs.html" class="tocxref">Appendix B. Bibliography</a>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="changes.html" class="tocxref">Appendix C. Changes</a>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="sample.html" class="tocxref">Appendix D. Default style sheet for HTML 4</a>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="zindex.html" class="tocxref">Appendix E. Elaborate description of Stacking Contexts</a>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="propidx.html" class="tocxref">Appendix F. Full property table</a>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="grammar.html" class="tocxref">Appendix G. Grammar of CSS&nbsp;2.1</a>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="indexlist.html" class="tocxref">Appendix I. Index</a>
</ul>
</div>

<!--NewPage--><!-- this is for html2ps -->
<div class="toc">
<h2><a name="toc">Full Table of Contents</a></h2>
<ul class="toc">
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="about.html" class="tocxref">1 About the CSS&nbsp;2.1 Specification</a>
  <ul class="toc">
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="about.html#css2.1-v-css2" class="tocxref">1.1 CSS&nbsp;2.1 vs CSS&nbsp;2</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="about.html#reading" class="tocxref">1.2 Reading the specification</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="about.html#organization" class="tocxref">1.3 How the specification is organized</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="about.html#conventions" class="tocxref">1.4 Conventions</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="about.html#doc-language" class="tocxref">1.4.1 Document language elements and attributes</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="about.html#property-defs" class="tocxref">1.4.2 CSS property definitions</a>
      <ul class="toc">
        <li class="tocline4"><a href="about.html#value-defs" class="tocxref">1.4.2.1 Value</a>
        <li class="tocline4"><a href="about.html#initial-value" class="tocxref">1.4.2.2 Initial</a>
        <li class="tocline4"><a href="about.html#applies-to" class="tocxref">1.4.2.3 Applies to</a>
        <li class="tocline4"><a href="about.html#inherited-prop" class="tocxref">1.4.2.4 Inherited</a>
        <li class="tocline4"><a href="about.html#percentage-wrt" class="tocxref">1.4.2.5 Percentage values</a>
        <li class="tocline4"><a href="about.html#media-applies" class="tocxref">1.4.2.6 Media groups</a>
        <li class="tocline4"><a href="about.html#computed-defs" class="tocxref">1.4.2.7 Computed value</a>
      </ul>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="about.html#shorthand" class="tocxref">1.4.3 Shorthand properties</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="about.html#notes-and-examples" class="tocxref">1.4.4 Notes and examples</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="about.html#images-and-longdesc" class="tocxref">1.4.5 Images and long descriptions</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="about.html#acknowledgements" class="tocxref">1.5 Acknowledgments</a>
  </ul>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="intro.html" class="tocxref">2 Introduction to CSS&nbsp;2.1</a>
  <ul class="toc">
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="intro.html#html-tutorial" class="tocxref">2.1 A brief CSS&nbsp;2.1 tutorial for HTML</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="intro.html#xml-tutorial" class="tocxref">2.2 A brief CSS&nbsp;2.1 tutorial for XML</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="intro.html#processing-model" class="tocxref">2.3 The CSS&nbsp;2.1 processing model</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="intro.html#the-canvas" class="tocxref">2.3.1 The canvas</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="intro.html#addressing" class="tocxref">2.3.2 CSS&nbsp;2.1 addressing model</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="intro.html#design-principles" class="tocxref">2.4 CSS design principles</a>
  </ul>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="conform.html" class="tocxref">3 Conformance: Requirements and Recommendations</a>
  <ul class="toc">
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="conform.html#defs" class="tocxref">3.1 Definitions</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="conform.html#conformance" class="tocxref">3.2 UA Conformance</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="conform.html#errors" class="tocxref">3.3 Error conditions</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="conform.html#text-css" class="tocxref">3.4 <span class="index-def" title="text/css">The text/css content type</span></a>
  </ul>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="syndata.html" class="tocxref">4 Syntax and basic data types</a>
  <ul class="toc">
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="syndata.html#syntax" class="tocxref">4.1 Syntax</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="syndata.html#tokenization" class="tocxref">4.1.1 Tokenization</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="syndata.html#keywords" class="tocxref">4.1.2 Keywords</a>
      <ul class="toc">
        <li class="tocline4"><a href="syndata.html#vendor-keywords" class="tocxref">4.1.2.1 Vendor-specific extensions</a>
        <li class="tocline4"><a href="syndata.html#vendor-keyword-history" class="tocxref">4.1.2.2 Informative Historical Notes</a>
      </ul>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="syndata.html#characters" class="tocxref">4.1.3 Characters and case</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="syndata.html#statements" class="tocxref">4.1.4 Statements</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="syndata.html#at-rules" class="tocxref">4.1.5 <span class="index-def" title="at-rule"> At-rules</span></a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="syndata.html#block" class="tocxref">4.1.6 Blocks</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="syndata.html#rule-sets" class="tocxref">4.1.7 Rule sets, declaration blocks, and selectors</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="syndata.html#declaration" class="tocxref">4.1.8 Declarations and properties</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="syndata.html#comments" class="tocxref">4.1.9 Comments</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="syndata.html#parsing-errors" class="tocxref">4.2 Rules for handling parsing errors</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="syndata.html#values" class="tocxref">4.3 Values</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="syndata.html#numbers" class="tocxref">4.3.1 Integers and real numbers</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="syndata.html#length-units" class="tocxref">4.3.2 Lengths</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="syndata.html#percentage-units" class="tocxref">4.3.3 Percentages</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="syndata.html#uri" class="tocxref">4.3.4 URLs and URIs</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="syndata.html#counter" class="tocxref">4.3.5 Counters</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="syndata.html#color-units" class="tocxref">4.3.6 Colors</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="syndata.html#strings" class="tocxref">4.3.7 Strings</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="syndata.html#unsupported-values" class="tocxref">4.3.8 Unsupported Values</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="syndata.html#charset" class="tocxref">4.4 CSS style sheet representation</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="syndata.html#escaping" class="tocxref">4.4.1 Referring to characters not represented in a character encoding</a>
    </ul>
  </ul>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="selector.html" class="tocxref">5 Selectors</a>
  <ul class="toc">
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="selector.html#pattern-matching" class="tocxref">5.1 Pattern matching</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="selector.html#selector-syntax" class="tocxref">5.2 Selector syntax</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="selector.html#grouping" class="tocxref">5.2.1 Grouping</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="selector.html#universal-selector" class="tocxref">5.3 Universal selector</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="selector.html#type-selectors" class="tocxref">5.4 Type selectors</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="selector.html#descendant-selectors" class="tocxref">5.5 Descendant selectors</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="selector.html#child-selectors" class="tocxref">5.6 Child selectors</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="selector.html#adjacent-selectors" class="tocxref">5.7 Adjacent sibling selectors</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="selector.html#attribute-selectors" class="tocxref">5.8 Attribute selectors</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="selector.html#matching-attrs" class="tocxref">5.8.1 Matching attributes and attribute values</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="selector.html#default-attrs" class="tocxref">5.8.2 Default attribute values in DTDs</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="selector.html#class-html" class="tocxref">5.8.3 Class selectors</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="selector.html#id-selectors" class="tocxref">5.9 ID selectors</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="selector.html#pseudo-elements" class="tocxref">5.10 Pseudo-elements and pseudo-classes</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="selector.html#pseudo-class-selectors" class="tocxref">5.11 Pseudo-classes</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="selector.html#first-child" class="tocxref">5.11.1 :first-child pseudo-class</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="selector.html#link-pseudo-classes" class="tocxref">5.11.2 The link pseudo-classes: <span class="index-def" title="pseudo-classes:::link|:link|link (pseudo-class)">:link</span> and <span class="index-def" title="pseudo-classes:::visited|:visited|visited (pseudo-class)">:visited</span></a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="selector.html#dynamic-pseudo-classes" class="tocxref">5.11.3 The dynamic pseudo-classes: <span class="index-def" title="pseudo-classes:::hover|:hover|hover (pseudo-class)">:hover</span>, <span class="index-def" title="pseudo-classes:::active|:active|active (pseudo-class)">:active</span>, and <span class="index-def" title="pseudo-classes:::focus|:focus|focus (pseudo-class)">:focus</span></a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="selector.html#lang" class="tocxref">5.11.4 The language pseudo-class: <span class="index-def" title="pseudo-classes:::lang|:lang|lang (pseudo-class)">:lang</span></a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="selector.html#pseudo-element-selectors" class="tocxref">5.12 Pseudo-elements</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="selector.html#first-line-pseudo" class="tocxref">5.12.1 The <span class="index-def" title="pseudo-elements:::first-line|:first-line|first-line">:first-line</span> pseudo-element</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="selector.html#first-letter" class="tocxref">5.12.2 The <span class="index-def" title="pseudo-elements:::first-letter|:first-letter|first-letter">:first-letter</span> pseudo-element</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="selector.html#before-and-after" class="tocxref">5.12.3 The <span class="index-def" title="pseudo-elements:::before|:before">:before</span> and <span class="index-def" title="pseudo-elements:::after|:after">:after</span> pseudo-elements</a>
    </ul>
  </ul>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="cascade.html" class="tocxref">6 Assigning property values, Cascading, and Inheritance</a>
  <ul class="toc">
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="cascade.html#value-stages" class="tocxref">6.1 Specified, computed, and actual values</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="cascade.html#specified-value" class="tocxref">6.1.1 <span class="index-def" title="specified value"> Specified values</span></a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="cascade.html#computed-value" class="tocxref">6.1.2 <span class="index-def" title="computed value"> Computed values</span></a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="cascade.html#used-value" class="tocxref">6.1.3 <span class="index-def" title="used value"> Used values</span></a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="cascade.html#actual-value" class="tocxref">6.1.4 <span class="index-def" title="actual value"> Actual values</span></a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="cascade.html#inheritance" class="tocxref">6.2 Inheritance</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="cascade.html#value-def-inherit" class="tocxref">6.2.1 The <span class="index-def" title="inherit, definition of">'inherit'</span> value</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="cascade.html#at-import" class="tocxref">6.3 The @import rule</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="cascade.html#cascade" class="tocxref">6.4 The cascade</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="cascade.html#cascading-order" class="tocxref">6.4.1 Cascading order</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="cascade.html#important-rules" class="tocxref">6.4.2 !important rules</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="cascade.html#specificity" class="tocxref">6.4.3 Calculating a selector's specificity</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="cascade.html#preshint" class="tocxref">6.4.4 Precedence of non-CSS presentational hints</a>
    </ul>
  </ul>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="media.html" class="tocxref">7 Media types</a>
  <ul class="toc">
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="media.html#media-intro" class="tocxref">7.1 Introduction to media types</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="media.html#media-sheets" class="tocxref">7.2 Specifying media-dependent style sheets</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="media.html#at-media-rule" class="tocxref">7.2.1 The @media rule</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="media.html#media-types" class="tocxref">7.3 Recognized media types</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="media.html#media-groups" class="tocxref">7.3.1 Media groups</a>
    </ul>
  </ul>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="box.html" class="tocxref">8 Box model</a>
  <ul class="toc">
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="box.html#box-dimensions" class="tocxref">8.1 Box dimensions</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="box.html#mpb-examples" class="tocxref">8.2 Example of margins, padding, and borders</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="box.html#margin-properties" class="tocxref">8.3 Margin properties: <span class="propinst-margin-top">'margin-top'</span>,  <span class="propinst-margin-right">'margin-right'</span>,  <span class="propinst-margin-bottom">'margin-bottom'</span>, <span class="propinst-margin-left">'margin-left'</span>, and <span class="propinst-margin">'margin'</span></a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="box.html#collapsing-margins" class="tocxref">8.3.1 Collapsing margins</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="box.html#padding-properties" class="tocxref">8.4 Padding properties: <span class="propinst-padding-top">'padding-top'</span>, <span class="propinst-padding-right">'padding-right'</span>, <span class="propinst-padding-bottom">'padding-bottom'</span>, <span class="propinst-padding-left">'padding-left'</span>, and <span class="propinst-padding">'padding'</span></a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="box.html#border-properties" class="tocxref">8.5 Border properties</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="box.html#border-width-properties" class="tocxref">8.5.1 Border width: <span class="propinst-border-top-width">'border-top-width'</span>, <span class="propinst-border-right-width">'border-right-width'</span>, <span class="propinst-border-bottom-width">'border-bottom-width'</span>, <span class="propinst-border-left-width">'border-left-width'</span>, and <span class="propinst-border-width">'border-width'</span></a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="box.html#border-color-properties" class="tocxref">8.5.2 Border color: <span class="propinst-border-top-color">'border-top-color'</span>, <span class="propinst-border-right-color">'border-right-color'</span>, <span class="propinst-border-bottom-color">'border-bottom-color'</span>, <span class="propinst-border-left-color">'border-left-color'</span>, and <span class="propinst-border-color">'border-color'</span></a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="box.html#border-style-properties" class="tocxref">8.5.3 Border style: <span class="propinst-border-top-style">'border-top-style'</span>, <span class="propinst-border-right-style">'border-right-style'</span>, <span class="propinst-border-bottom-style">'border-bottom-style'</span>, <span class="propinst-border-left-style">'border-left-style'</span>, and <span class="propinst-border-style">'border-style'</span></a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="box.html#border-shorthand-properties" class="tocxref">8.5.4 Border shorthand properties: <span class="propinst-border-top">'border-top'</span>, <span class="propinst-border-right">'border-right'</span>, <span class="propinst-border-bottom">'borde
ED5F
r-bottom'</span>, <span class="propinst-border-left">'border-left'</span>, and <span class="propinst-border">'border'</span></a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="box.html#bidi-box-model" class="tocxref">8.6 The box model for inline elements in bidirectional context</a>
  </ul>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="visuren.html" class="tocxref">9 Visual formatting model</a>
  <ul class="toc">
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="visuren.html#visual-model-intro" class="tocxref">9.1 Introduction to the visual formatting model</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visuren.html#viewport" class="tocxref">9.1.1 The viewport</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visuren.html#containing-block" class="tocxref">9.1.2 <span class="index-def" title="containing block"> Containing blocks</span></a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="visuren.html#box-gen" class="tocxref">9.2 Controlling box generation</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visuren.html#block-boxes" class="tocxref">9.2.1 Block-level elements and block boxes</a>
      <ul class="toc">
        <li class="tocline4"><a href="visuren.html#anonymous-block-level" class="tocxref">9.2.1.1 Anonymous block boxes</a>
      </ul>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visuren.html#inline-boxes" class="tocxref">9.2.2 Inline-level elements and inline boxes</a>
      <ul class="toc">
        <li class="tocline4"><a href="visuren.html#anonymous" class="tocxref">9.2.2.1 Anonymous inline boxes</a>
      </ul>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visuren.html#run-in" class="tocxref">9.2.3 Run-in boxes</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visuren.html#display-prop" class="tocxref">9.2.4 The <span class="propinst-display">'display'</span> property</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="visuren.html#positioning-scheme" class="tocxref">9.3 Positioning schemes</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visuren.html#choose-position" class="tocxref">9.3.1 Choosing a positioning scheme: <span class="propinst-position">'position'</span> property</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visuren.html#position-props" class="tocxref">9.3.2 Box offsets: <span class="propinst-top">'top'</span>, <span class="propinst-right">'right'</span>, <span class="propinst-bottom">'bottom'</span>, <span class="propinst-left">'left'</span></a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="visuren.html#normal-flow" class="tocxref">9.4 Normal flow</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visuren.html#block-formatting" class="tocxref">9.4.1 Block formatting contexts</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visuren.html#inline-formatting" class="tocxref">9.4.2 Inline formatting context</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visuren.html#relative-positioning" class="tocxref">9.4.3 Relative positioning</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="visuren.html#floats" class="tocxref">9.5 Floats</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visuren.html#float-position" class="tocxref">9.5.1 Positioning the float: the <span class="propinst-float">'float'</span> property</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visuren.html#flow-control" class="tocxref">9.5.2 Controlling flow next to floats: the <span class="propinst-clear">'clear'</span> property</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="visuren.html#absolute-positioning" class="tocxref">9.6 Absolute positioning</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visuren.html#fixed-positioning" class="tocxref">9.6.1 Fixed positioning</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="visuren.html#dis-pos-flo" class="tocxref">9.7 Relationships between 'display', 'position', and 'float'</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="visuren.html#comparison" class="tocxref">9.8 Comparison of normal flow, floats,   and absolute positioning</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visuren.html#comp-normal-flow" class="tocxref">9.8.1 Normal flow</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visuren.html#comp-relpos" class="tocxref">9.8.2 Relative positioning</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visuren.html#comp-float" class="tocxref">9.8.3 Floating a box</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visuren.html#comp-abspos" class="tocxref">9.8.4 Absolute positioning</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="visuren.html#layers" class="tocxref">9.9 Layered presentation</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visuren.html#z-index" class="tocxref">9.9.1 Specifying the stack level: the <span class="propinst-z-index">'z-index'</span> property</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="visuren.html#direction" class="tocxref">9.10 Text direction: the <span class="propinst-direction">'direction'</span> and <span class="propinst-unicode-bidi">'unicode-bidi'</span> properties</a>
  </ul>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="visudet.html" class="tocxref">10 Visual formatting model details</a>
  <ul class="toc">
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="visudet.html#containing-block-details" class="tocxref">10.1 Definition of "containing block"</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="visudet.html#the-width-property" class="tocxref">10.2 Content width: the <span class="propinst-width">'width'</span> property</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="visudet.html#Computing_widths_and_margins" class="tocxref">10.3 Calculating widths and margins</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visudet.html#inline-width" class="tocxref">10.3.1 Inline, non-replaced elements</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visudet.html#inline-replaced-width" class="tocxref">10.3.2 Inline, replaced elements</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visudet.html#blockwidth" class="tocxref">10.3.3 Block-level, non-replaced elements in normal flow</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visudet.html#block-replaced-width" class="tocxref">10.3.4 Block-level, replaced elements in normal flow</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visudet.html#float-width" class="tocxref">10.3.5 Floating, non-replaced elements</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visudet.html#float-replaced-width" class="tocxref">10.3.6 Floating, replaced elements</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visudet.html#abs-non-replaced-width" class="tocxref">10.3.7 Absolutely positioned, non-replaced elements</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visudet.html#abs-replaced-width" class="tocxref">10.3.8 Absolutely positioned, replaced elements</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visudet.html#inlineblock-width" class="tocxref">10.3.9 'Inline-block', non-replaced elements in normal flow</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visudet.html#inlineblock-replaced-width" class="tocxref">10.3.10 'Inline-block', replaced elements in normal flow</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="visudet.html#min-max-widths" class="tocxref">10.4 Minimum and maximum widths: <span class="propinst-min-width">'min-width'</span> and <span class="propinst-max-width">'max-width'</span></a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="visudet.html#the-height-property" class="tocxref">10.5 Content height: the <span class="propinst-height">'height'</span> property</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="visudet.html#Computing_heights_and_margins" class="tocxref">10.6 Calculating heights and margins</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visudet.html#inline-non-replaced" class="tocxref">10.6.1 Inline, non-replaced elements</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visudet.html#inline-replaced-height" class="tocxref">10.6.2 Inline replaced elements, block-level replaced elements in normal flow, 'inline-block' replaced elements in normal flow and floating replaced elements</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visudet.html#normal-block" class="tocxref">10.6.3 Block-level non-replaced elements in normal flow when 'overflow' computes to 'visible'</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visudet.html#abs-non-replaced-height" class="tocxref">10.6.4 Absolutely positioned, non-replaced elements</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visudet.html#abs-replaced-height" class="tocxref">10.6.5 Absolutely positioned, replaced elements</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visudet.html#block-root-margin" class="tocxref">10.6.6 Complicated cases</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visudet.html#root-height" class="tocxref">10.6.7 'Auto' heights for block formatting context roots</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="visudet.html#min-max-heights" class="tocxref">10.7 Minimum and maximum heights: <span class="propinst-min-height">'min-height'</span> and <span class="propinst-max-height">'max-height'</span></a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="visudet.html#line-height" class="tocxref">10.8 Line height calculations: the <span class="propinst-line-height">'line-height'</span> and <span class="propinst-vertical-align">'vertical-align'</span> properties</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visudet.html#leading" class="tocxref">10.8.1 Leading and half-leading</a>
    </ul>
  </ul>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="visufx.html" class="tocxref">11 Visual effects</a>
  <ul class="toc">
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="visufx.html#overflow-clipping" class="tocxref">11.1 Overflow and clipping</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visufx.html#overflow" class="tocxref">11.1.1 Overflow: the <span class="propinst-overflow">'overflow'</span> property</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="visufx.html#clipping" class="tocxref">11.1.2 Clipping: the <span class="propinst-clip">'clip'</span> property</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="visufx.html#visibility" class="tocxref">11.2 Visibility: the <span class="propinst-visibility">'visibility'</span> property</a>
  </ul>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="generate.html" class="tocxref">12 Generated <span class="index-def" title="generated content">content</span>, automatic <span class="index-def" title="automatic numbering">numbering</span>, and lists</a>
  <ul class="toc">
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="generate.html#before-after-content" class="tocxref">12.1 The <span class="index-def" title=":before|pseudo-elements:::before|before">:before</span> and <span class="index-def" title=":after|pseudo-elements:::after|after">:after</span> pseudo-elements</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="generate.html#content" class="tocxref">12.2 The <span class="propinst-content">'content'</span> property</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="generate.html#quotes" class="tocxref">12.3 Quotation marks</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="generate.html#quotes-specify" class="tocxref">12.3.1 Specifying quotes with the <span class="propinst-quotes">'quotes'</span> property</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="generate.html#quotes-insert" class="tocxref">12.3.2 Inserting quotes with the <span class="propinst-content">'content'</span> property</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="generate.html#counters" class="tocxref">12.4 Automatic <span class="index-def" title="counters">counters</span> and numbering</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="generate.html#scope" class="tocxref">12.4.1 Nested counters and scope</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="generate.html#counter-styles" class="tocxref">12.4.2 Counter styles</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="generate.html#undisplayed-counters" class="tocxref">12.4.3 Counters in elements with 'display: none'</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="generate.html#lists" class="tocxref">12.5 Lists</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="generate.html#list-style" class="tocxref">12.5.1 Lists: the <span class="propinst-list-style-type">'list-style-type'</span>, <span class="propinst-list-style-image">'list-style-image'</span>, <span class="propinst-list-style-position">'list-style-position'</span>, and <span class="propinst-list-style">'list-style'</span> properties</a>
    </ul>
  </ul>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="page.html" class="tocxref">13 Paged media</a>
  <ul class="toc">
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="page.html#page-intro" class="tocxref">13.1 Introduction to paged media</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="page.html#page-box" class="tocxref">13.2 Page boxes: the @page rule</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="page.html#page-margins" class="tocxref">13.2.1 Page margins</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="page.html#page-selectors" class="tocxref">13.2.2 Page selectors: selecting left, right, and first pages</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="page.html#outside-page-box" class="tocxref">13.2.3 Content outside the page box</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="page.html#page-breaks" class="tocxref">13.3 Page breaks</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="page.html#page-break-props" class="tocxref">13.3.1 Page break properties: <span class="propinst-page-break-before">'page-break-before'</span>, <span class="propinst-page-break-after">'page-break-after'</span>, <span class="propinst-page-break-inside">'page-break-inside'</span></a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="page.html#break-inside" class="tocxref">13.3.2 Breaks inside elements: <span class="propinst-orphans">'orphans'</span>, <span class="propinst-widows">'widows'</span></a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="page.html#allowed-page-breaks" class="tocxref">13.3.3 Allowed page breaks</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="page.html#forced" class="tocxref">13.3.4 Forced page breaks</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="page.html#best-page-breaks" class="tocxref">13.3.5 "Best" page breaks</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="page.html#page-cascade" class="tocxref">13.4 Cascading in the page context</a>
  </ul>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="colors.html" class="tocxref">14 Colors and Backgrounds</a>
  <ul class="toc">
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="colors.html#colors" class="tocxref">14.1 Foreground color: the <span class="propinst-color">'color'</span> property</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="colors.html#background" class="tocxref">14.2 The background</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="colors.html#background-properties" class="tocxref">14.2.1 Background properties: <span class="propinst-background-color">'background-color'</span>, <span class="propinst-background-image">'background-image'</span>, <span class="propinst-background-repeat">'background-repeat'</span>, <span class="propinst-background-attachment">'background-attachment'</span>, <span class="propinst-background-position">'background-position'</span>, and <span class="propinst-background">'background'</span></a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="colors.html#gamma-correction" class="tocxref">14.3 Gamma correction</a>
  </ul>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="fonts.html" class="tocxref">15 Fonts</a>
  <ul class="toc">
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="fonts.html#fonts-intro" class="tocxref">15.1 Introduction</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="fonts.html#algorithm" class="tocxref">15.2 Font matching algorithm</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="fonts.html#font-family-prop" class="tocxref">15.3 Font family: the <span class="propinst-font-family">'font-family'</span> property</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="fonts.html#generic-font-families" class="tocxref">15.3.1 Generic font families</a>
      <ul class="toc">
        <li class="tocline4"><a href="fonts.html#serif-def" class="tocxref">15.3.1.1 <span class="index-def" title="serif, definition of"><dfn>serif</dfn></span></a>
        <li class="tocline4"><a href="fonts.html#sans-serif-def" class="tocxref">15.3.1.2 <span class="index-def" title="sans-serif, definition of"> <dfn>sans-serif</dfn></span></a>
        <li class="tocline4"><a href="fonts.html#cursive-def" class="tocxref">15.3.1.3 <span class="index-def" title="cursive, definition of"> <dfn>cursive</dfn></span></a>
        <li class="tocline4"><a href="fonts.html#fantasy-def" class="tocxref">15.3.1.4 <span class="index-def" title="fantasy, definition of"> <dfn>fantasy</dfn></span></a>
        <li class="tocline4"><a href="fonts.html#monospace-def" class="tocxref">15.3.1.5 <span class="index-def" title="monospace, definition of"> <dfn>monospace</dfn></span></a>
      </ul>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="fonts.html#font-styling" class="tocxref"
1E61
;>15.4 Font styling: the <span class="propinst-font-style">'font-style'</span> property</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="fonts.html#small-caps" class="tocxref">15.5 Small-caps: the <span class="propinst-font-variant">'font-variant'</span> property</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="fonts.html#font-boldness" class="tocxref">15.6 Font boldness: the <span class="propinst-font-weight">'font-weight'</span> property</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="fonts.html#font-size-props" class="tocxref">15.7 Font size: the <span class="propinst-font-size">'font-size'</span> property</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="fonts.html#font-shorthand" class="tocxref">15.8 Shorthand font property: the <span class="propinst-font">'font'</span> property</a>
  </ul>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="text.html" class="tocxref">16 Text</a>
  <ul class="toc">
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="text.html#indentation-prop" class="tocxref">16.1 Indentation: the <span class="propinst-text-indent">'text-indent'</span> property</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="text.html#alignment-prop" class="tocxref">16.2 Alignment: the <span class="propinst-text-align">'text-align'</span> property</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="text.html#decoration" class="tocxref">16.3 Decoration</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="text.html#lining-striking-props" class="tocxref">16.3.1 Underlining, overlining, striking, and blinking: the <span class="propinst-text-decoration">'text-decoration'</span> property</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="text.html#spacing-props" class="tocxref">16.4 Letter and word spacing: the <span class="propinst-letter-spacing">'letter-spacing'</span> and <span class="propinst-word-spacing">'word-spacing'</span> properties</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="text.html#caps-prop" class="tocxref">16.5 Capitalization: the <span class="propinst-text-transform">'text-transform'</span> property</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="text.html#white-space-prop" class="tocxref">16.6 White space: the <span class="propinst-white-space">'white-space'</span> property</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="text.html#white-space-model" class="tocxref">16.6.1 The 'white-space' processing model</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="text.html#egbidiwscollapse" class="tocxref">16.6.2 Example of bidirectionality with white space collapsing</a>
8249
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="text.html#ctrlchars" class="tocxref">16.6.3 Control and combining characters' details</a>
    </ul>
  </ul>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="tables.html" class="tocxref">17 Tables</a>
  <ul class="toc">
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="tables.html#tables-intro" class="tocxref">17.1 Introduction to tables</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="tables.html#table-display" class="tocxref">17.2 The CSS table model</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="tables.html#anonymous-boxes" class="tocxref">17.2.1 Anonymous table objects</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="tables.html#columns" class="tocxref">17.3 Columns</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="tables.html#model" class="tocxref">17.4 Tables in the visual formatting model</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="tables.html#caption-position" class="tocxref">17.4.1 Caption position and alignment</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="tables.html#table-layout" class="tocxref">17.5 Visual layout of table contents</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="tables.html#table-layers" class="tocxref">17.5.1 Table layers and transparency</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="tables.html#width-layout" class="tocxref">17.5.2 Table width algorithms: the <span class="propinst-table-layout">'table-layout'</span> property</a>
      <ul class="toc">
        <li class="tocline4"><a href="tables.html#fixed-table-layout" class="tocxref">17.5.2.1 Fixed table layout</a>
        <li class="tocline4"><a href="tables.html#auto-table-layout" class="tocxref">17.5.2.2 Automatic table layout</a>
      </ul>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="tables.html#height-layout" class="tocxref">17.5.3 Table height algorithms</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="tables.html#column-alignment" class="tocxref">17.5.4 Horizontal alignment in a column</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="tables.html#dynamic-effects" class="tocxref">17.5.5 Dynamic row and column effects</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="tables.html#borders" class="tocxref">17.6 Borders</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="tables.html#separated-borders" class="tocxref">17.6.1 The separated borders model</a>
      <ul class="toc">
        <li class="tocline4"><a href="tables.html#empty-cells" class="tocxref">17.6.1.1 Borders and Backgrounds around empty cells: the <span class="propinst-empty-cells">'empty-cells'</span> property</a>
      </ul>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="tables.html#collapsing-borders" class="tocxref">17.6.2 The collapsing border model</a>
      <ul class="toc">
        <li class="tocline4"><a href="tables.html#border-conflict-resolution" class="tocxref">17.6.2.1 Border conflict resolution</a>
      </ul>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="tables.html#table-border-styles" class="tocxref">17.6.3 Border styles</a>
    </ul>
  </ul>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="ui.html" class="tocxref">18 User interface</a>
  <ul class="toc">
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="ui.html#cursor-props" class="tocxref">18.1 Cursors: the <span class="propinst-cursor">'cursor'</span> property</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="ui.html#system-colors" class="tocxref">18.2 System Colors</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="ui.html#system-fonts" class="tocxref">18.3 User preferences for fonts</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="ui.html#dynamic-outlines" class="tocxref">18.4 Dynamic outlines: the <span class="index-def" title="outline">'outline'</span> property</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="ui.html#outline-focus" class="tocxref">18.4.1 Outlines and the focus</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="ui.html#magnification" class="tocxref">18.5 Magnification</a>
  </ul>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="aural.html" class="tocxref">Appendix A. Aural style sheets</a>
  <ul class="toc">
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="aural.html#aural-media-group" class="tocxref">A.1 The media types 'aural' and 'speech'</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="aural.html#aural-intro" class="tocxref">A.2 Introduction to aural style sheets</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="aural.html#angles" class="tocxref">A.2.1 Angles</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="aural.html#times" class="tocxref">A.2.2 Times</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="aural.html#frequencies" class="tocxref">A.2.3 Frequencies</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="aural.html#volume-props" class="tocxref">A.3 Volume properties: <span class="propinst-volume">'volume'</span></a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="aural.html#speaking-props" class="tocxref">A.4 Speaking properties: <span class="propinst-speak">'speak'</span></a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="aural.html#pause-props" class="tocxref">A.5 Pause properties: <span class="propinst-pause-before">'pause-before'</span>, <span class="propinst-pause-after">'pause-after'</span>, and <span class="propinst-pause">'pause'</span></a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="aural.html#cue-props" class="tocxref">A.6 Cue properties: <span class="propinst-cue-before">'cue-before'</span>, <span class="propinst-cue-after">'cue-after'</span>, and <span class="propinst-cue">'cue'</span></a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="aural.html#mixing-props" class="tocxref">A.7 Mixing properties: <span class="propinst-play-during">'play-during'</span></a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="aural.html#spatial-props" class="tocxref">A.8 Spatial properties: <span class="propinst-azimuth">'azimuth'</span> and <span class="propinst-elevation">'elevation'</span></a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="aural.html#voice-char-props" class="tocxref">A.9 Voice characteristic properties: <span class="propinst-speech-rate">'speech-rate'</span>, <span class="propinst-voice-family">'voice-family'</span>, <span class="propinst-pitch">'pitch'</span>, <span class="propinst-pitch-range">'pitch-range'</span>, <span class="propinst-stress">'stress'</span>, and <span class="propinst-richness">'richness'</span></a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="aural.html#speech-props" class="tocxref">A.10 Speech properties: <span class="propinst-speak-punctuation">'speak-punctuation'</span> and <span class="propinst-speak-numeral">'speak-numeral'</span></a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="aural.html#aural-tables" class="tocxref">A.11 Audio rendering of tables</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="aural.html#speak-headers" class="tocxref">A.11.1 Speaking headers: the <span class="propinst-speak-header">'speak-header'</span> property</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="aural.html#sample" class="tocxref">A.12 Sample style sheet for HTML</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="aural.html#Emacspeak" class="tocxref">A.13 Emacspeak</a>
  </ul>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="refs.html" class="tocxref">Appendix B. Bibliography</a>
  <ul class="toc">
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="refs.html#normative" class="tocxref">B.1 Normative references</a>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="refs.html#informative" class="tocxref">B.2 Informative references</a>
  </ul>
  <li class="tocline1"><a href="changes.html" class="tocxref">Appendix C. Changes</a>
  <ul class="toc">
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="changes.html#new" class="tocxref">C.1 Additional property values</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q2" class="tocxref">C.1.1 Section 4.3.6 Colors</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q3" class="tocxref">C.1.2 Section 9.2.4 The 'display' property</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q4" class="tocxref">C.1.3 Section 12.2 The 'content' property</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q5" class="tocxref">C.1.4 Section 16.6 White space: the 'white-space' property</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q6" class="tocxref">C.1.5 Section 18.1 Cursors: the 'cursor' property</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="changes.html#changes" class="tocxref">C.2 Changes</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q8" class="tocxref">C.2.1 Section 1.1 CSS 2.1 vs CSS 2</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q9" class="tocxref">C.2.2 Section 1.2 Reading the specification</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q10" class="tocxref">C.2.3 Section 1.3 How the specification is organized</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q11" class="tocxref">C.2.4 Section 1.4.2.1 Value</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q12" class="tocxref">C.2.5 Section 1.4.2.6 Media groups</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q13" class="tocxref">C.2.6 Section 1.4.2.7 Computed value</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q14" class="tocxref">C.2.7 Section 1.4.4 Notes and examples</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q15" class="tocxref">C.2.8 Section 1.5 Acknowledgments</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q16" class="tocxref">C.2.9 Section 3.2 Conformance</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q17" class="tocxref">C.2.10 Section 3.3 Error Conditions</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q18" class="tocxref">C.2.11 Section 4.1.1 Tokenization</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q19" class="tocxref">C.2.12 Section 4.1.3 Characters and case</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q20" class="tocxref">C.2.13 Section 4.2 Rules for handling parsing errors</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q21" class="tocxref">C.2.14 Section 4.3 Values</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q22" class="tocxref">C.2.15 Section 4.3.2 Lengths</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q23" class="tocxref">C.2.16 Section 4.3.4 URLs and URIs</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q24" class="tocxref">C.2.17 Section 4.3.5 Counters</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q25" class="tocxref">C.2.18 Section 4.3.6 Colors</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q26" class="tocxref">C.2.19 Section 4.3.8 Unsupported Values</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q27" class="tocxref">C.2.20 Section 4.4 CSS style sheet representation</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q28" class="tocxref">C.2.21 Section 5.8.1 Matching attributes and attribute values</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q29" class="tocxref">C.2.22 Section 5.8.3 Class selectors</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q30" class="tocxref">C.2.23 Section 5.9 ID selectors</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q31" class="tocxref">C.2.24 Section 5.10 Pseudo-elements and pseudo-classes</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q32" class="tocxref">C.2.25 Section 5.11.2 The link pseudo-classes: :link and :visited</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q33" class="tocxref">C.2.26 Section 5.11.4 The language pseudo-class: :lang</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q34" class="tocxref">C.2.27 Section 5.12.1 The :first-line pseudo-element</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q35" class="tocxref">C.2.28 Section 5.12.2 The :first-letter pseudo-element</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q36" class="tocxref">C.2.29 Section 6.1 Specified, computed, and actual values</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q37" class="tocxref">C.2.30 Section 6.4.1 Cascading order</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q38" class="tocxref">C.2.31 Section 6.4.3 Calculating a selector's specificity</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q39" class="tocxref">C.2.32 Section 6.4.4 Precedence of non-CSS presentational hints</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q40" class="tocxref">C.2.33 Section 7.3 Recognized Media Types</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q41" class="tocxref">C.2.34 Section 7.3.1 Media Groups</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q42" class="tocxref">C.2.35 Section 8.3 Margin properties</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q43" class="tocxref">C.2.36 Section 8.3.1 Collapsing margins</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q44" class="tocxref">C.2.37 Section 8.4 Padding properties</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q45" class="tocxref">C.2.38 Section 8.5.2 Border color</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q46" class="tocxref">C.2.39 Section 8.5.3 Border style</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q47" class="tocxref">C.2.40 Section 8.6 The box model for inline elements in bidirectional context</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q48" class="tocxref">C.2.41 Section 9.1.2 Containing blocks</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q49" class="tocxref">C.2.42 Section 9.2.1.1 Anonymous block boxes</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q50" class="tocxref">C.2.43 Section 9.2.2.1 Anonymous inline boxes</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q51" class="tocxref">C.2.44 Section 9.2.3 Run-in boxes</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q52" class="tocxref">C.2.45 Section 9.2.4 The 'display' property</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q53" class="tocxref">C.2.46 Section 9.3.1 Choosing a positioning scheme</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q54" class="tocxref">C.2.47 Section 9.3.2 Box offsets</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q55" class="tocxref">C.2.48 Section 9.4.1 Block formatting contexts</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q56" class="tocxref">C.2.49 Section 9.4.2 Inline formatting context</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q57" class="tocxref">C.2.50 Section 9.4.3 Relative positioning</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q58" class="tocxref">C.2.51 Section 9.5 Floats</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q59" class="tocxref">C.2.52 Section 9.5.1 Positioning the float</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q60" class="tocxref">C.2.53 Section 9.5.2 Controlling flow next to floats</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q61" class="tocxref">C.2.54 Section 9.7 Relationships between 'display', 'position', and 'float'</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q62" class="tocxref">C.2.55 Section 9.9 Layered presentation</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q63" class="tocxref">C.2.56 Section 9.10 Text direction</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q64" class="tocxref">C.2.57 Chapter 10 Visual formatting model details</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q65" class="tocxref">C.2.58 Section 10.1 Definition of "containing block"</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q66" class="tocxref">C.2.59 Section 10.2 Content width</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q67" class="tocxref">C.2.60 Section 10.3 Calculating widths and margins</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q68" class="tocxref">C.2.61 Section 10.3.2 Inline, replaced elements</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q69" class="tocxref">C.2.62 Section 10.3.3 Block-level, non-replaced elements in normal flow</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q70" class="tocxref">C.2.63 Section 10.3.4 Block-level, replaced elements in normal flow</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q71" class="tocxref">C.2.64 Section 10.3.5 Floating, non-replaced elements</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q72" class="tocxref">C.2.65 Section 10.3.6 Floating, replaced elements</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q73" class="tocxref">C.2.66 Section 10.3.7 Absolutely positioned, non-replaced elements</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q74" class="tocxref">C.2.67 Section 10.3.8 Absolutely positioned, replaced elements</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q75" class="tocxref">C.2.68 Section 10.4 Minimum and maximum widths</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q76" class="tocxref">C.2.69 Section 10.5 Content height</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q77" class="tocxref">C.2.70 Section 10.6 Calculating heights and margins</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q78" class="tocxref">C.2.71 Section 10.6.1 Inline, non-replaced elements</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q79" class="tocxref">C.2.72 Section 10.6.2 Inline replaced elements, block-level replaced elements in normal flow, 'inline-block' replaced elements in normal flow and floating replaced elements</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q80" class="tocxref">C.2.73 Section 10.6.3 Block-level non-replaced elements in normal flow when 'overflow' computes to 'visible'</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q81" class="tocxref">C.2.74 Section 10.6.4 Absolutely positioned, non-replaced elements</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q82" class="tocxref">C.2.75 Section 10.6.5 Absolutely positioned, replaced elements</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q83" class="tocxref">C.2.76 Section 10.7 Minimum and maximum heights</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q84" class="tocxref">C.2.77 Section 10.8 Line height calculations</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q85" class="tocxref">C.2.78 Section 10.8.1 Leading and half-leading</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q86" class="tocxref">C.2.79 Section 11.1 Overflow and clipping</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q87" class="tocxref">C.2.80 Section 11.1.1 Overflow</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q88" class="tocxref">C.2.81 Section 11.1.2 Clipping: the 'clip' property</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q89" class="tocxref">C.2.82 Section 11.2 Visibility</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q90" class="tocxref">C.2.83 Chapter 12 Generated content, automatic numbering, and lists</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q91" class="tocxref">C.2.84 Section 12.1 The :before and :after pseudo-elements</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q92" class="tocxref">C.2.85 Section 12.2 The 'content' property</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q93" class="tocxref">C.2.86 Section 12.3.2 Inserting quotes with the 'content' property</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q94" class="tocxref">C.2.87 Section 12.4 Automatic counters and numbering</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q95" class="tocxref">C.2.88 Section 12.4.1 Nested counters and scope</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q96" class="tocxref">C.2.89 Section 12.5 Lists</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q97" class="tocxref">C.2.90 Section 12.5.1 Lists</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q98" class="tocxref">C.2.91 Chapter 13 Paged media</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes
8249
.html#q99" class="tocxref">C.2.92 Section 13.2.2 Page selectors</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q100" class="tocxref">C.2.93 Section 13.3.1 Page break properties</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q101" class="tocxref">C.2.94 Section 13.3.3 Allowed page breaks</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q102" class="tocxref">C.2.95 Section 14.2.1 Background properties</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q103" class="tocxref">C.2.96 Section 14.3 Gamma correction</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q104" class="tocxref">C.2.97 Chapter 15 Fonts</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q105" class="tocxref">C.2.98 Section 15.2 Font matching algorithm</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q106" class="tocxref">C.2.99 Section 15.2.2 Font family</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q107" class="tocxref">C.2.100 Section 15.5 Small-caps</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q108" class="tocxref">C.2.101 Section 15.6 Font boldness</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q109" class="tocxref">C.2.102 Section 15.7 Font size</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q110" class="tocxref">C.2.103 Chapter 16 Text</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q111" class="tocxref">C.2.104 Section 16.2 Alignment</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q112" class="tocxref">C.2.105 Section 16.3.1 Underlining, over lining, striking, and blinking</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q113" class="tocxref">C.2.106 Section 16.4 Letter and word spacing</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q114" class="tocxref">C.2.107 Section 16.5 Capitalization</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q115" class="tocxref">C.2.108 Section 16.6 White space</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q116" class="tocxref">C.2.109 Chapter 17 Tables</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q117" class="tocxref">C.2.110 Section 17.2 The CSS table model</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q118" class="tocxref">C.2.111 Section 17.2.1 Anonymous table objects</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q119" class="tocxref">C.2.112 Section 17.4 Tables in the visual formatting model</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q120" class="tocxref">C.2.113 Section 17.4.1 Caption position and alignment</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q121" class="tocxref">C.2.114 Section 17.5 Visual layout of table contents</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q122" class="tocxref">C.2.115 Section 17.5.1 Table layers and transparency</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q123" class="tocxref">C.2.116 Section 17.5.2.1 Fixed table layout</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q124" class="tocxref">C.2.117 Section 17.5.2.2 Automatic table layout</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q125" class="tocxref">C.2.118 Section 17.5.3 Table height algorithms</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q126" class="tocxref">C.2.119 Section 17.5.4 Horizontal alignment in a column</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q127" class="tocxref">C.2.120 Section 17.6 Borders</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q128" class="tocxref">C.2.121 Section 17.6.1 The separated borders model</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q129" class="tocxref">C.2.122 Section 17.6.1.1 Borders and Backgrounds around empty cells</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q130" class="tocxref">C.2.123 Section 17.6.2 The collapsing border model</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q131" class="tocxref">C.2.124 Section 17.6.2.1 Border conflict resolution</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q132" class="tocxref">C.2.125 Section 18.1 Cursors: the 'cursor' property</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q133" class="tocxref">C.2.126 Section 18.4 Dynamic outlines</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q134" class="tocxref">C.2.127 Chapter 12 Generated content, automatic numbering, and lists</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q135" class="tocxref">C.2.128 Appendix A. Aural style sheets</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q136" class="tocxref">C.2.129 Appendix A Section 5 Pause properties</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q137" class="tocxref">C.2.130 Appendix A Section 6 Cue properties</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q138" class="tocxref">C.2.131 Appendix A Section 7 Mixing properties</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q139" class="tocxref">C.2.132 Appendix B Bibliography</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q140" class="tocxref">C.2.133 Other</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="changes.html#known-errors" class="tocxref">C.3 Errors</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q142" class="tocxref">C.3.1 Shorthand properties</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q143" class="tocxref">C.3.2 Applies to</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q144" class="tocxref">C.3.3 Section 4.1.1 (and G2)</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q145" class="tocxref">C.3.4 Section 4.1.3 Characters and case</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q146" class="tocxref">C.3.5 Section 4.3 (Double sign problem)</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q147" class="tocxref">C.3.6 Section 4.3.2 Lengths</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q148" class="tocxref">C.3.7 Section 4.3.3 Percentages</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q149" class="tocxref">C.3.8 Section 4.3.4 URLs and URIs</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q150" class="tocxref">C.3.9 Section 4.3.5 Counters</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q151" class="tocxref">C.3.10 Section 4.3.6 Colors</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q152" class="tocxref">C.3.11 Section 4.3.7 Strings</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q153" class="tocxref">C.3.12 Section 5.10 Pseudo-elements and pseudo-classes</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q154" class="tocxref">C.3.13 Section 6.4 The cascade</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q155" class="tocxref">C.3.14 Section 8.1 Box Dimensions</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q156" class="tocxref">C.3.15 Section 8.2 Example of margins, padding, and borders</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q157" class="tocxref">C.3.16 Section 8.5.4 Border shorthand properties</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q158" class="tocxref">C.3.17 Section 9.2.1 Block-level elements and block boxes</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q159" class="tocxref">C.3.18 Section 9.3.1 Choosing a positioning scheme</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q160" class="tocxref">C.3.19 Section 9.3.2 Box offsets</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q161" class="tocxref">C.3.20 Section 9.4.1 Block formatting contexts</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q162" class="tocxref">C.3.21 Section 9.4.2 Inline formatting context</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q163" class="tocxref">C.3.22 Section 9.4.3 Relative positioning</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q164" class="tocxref">C.3.23 Section 9.5 Floats</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q165" class="tocxref">C.3.24 Section 9.5.1 Positioning the float</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q166" class="tocxref">C.3.25 Section 9.5.2 Controlling flow next to floats</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q167" class="tocxref">C.3.26 Section 9.6 Absolute positioning</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q168" class="tocxref">C.3.27 Section 9.7 Relationships between 'display', 'position', and 'float'</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q169" class="tocxref">C.3.28 Section 9.10 Text direction</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q170" class="tocxref">C.3.29 Section 10.1 Definition of "containing block"</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q171" class="tocxref">C.3.30 Section 10.3.3 Block-level, non-replaced elements in normal flow</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q172" class="tocxref">C.3.31 Section 10.4 Minimum and maximum widths</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q173" class="tocxref">C.3.32 Section 10.6.3 Block-level non-replaced elements in normal flow when 'overflow' computes to 'visible'</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q174" class="tocxref">C.3.33 Section 10.7 Minimum and maximum heights</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q175" class="tocxref">C.3.34 Section 11.1.1 Overflow</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q176" class="tocxref">C.3.35 Section 11.1.2 Clipping: the 'clip' property</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q177" class="tocxref">C.3.36 Section 11.2 Visibility</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q178" class="tocxref">C.3.37 Section 12.4.2 Counter styles</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q179" class="tocxref">C.3.38 Section 12.6.2 Lists</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q180" class="tocxref">C.3.39 Section 14.2 The background</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q181" class="tocxref">C.3.40 Section 14.2.1 Background properties</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q182" class="tocxref">C.3.41 Section 15.2 Font matching algorithm</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q183" class="tocxref">C.3.42 Section 15.7 Font size</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q184" class="tocxref">C.3.43 Section 16.1 Indentation</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q185" class="tocxref">C.3.44 Section 16.2 Alignment</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q186" class="tocxref">C.3.45 Section 17.2 The CSS table model</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q187" class="tocxref">C.3.46 Section 17.2.1 Anonymous table objects </a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q188" class="tocxref">C.3.47 Section 17.4 Tables in the visual formatting model</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q189" class="tocxref">C.3.48 Section 17.5 Visual layout of table contents</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q190" class="tocxref">C.3.49 Section 17.5.1 Table layers and transparency</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q191" class="tocxref">C.3.50 Section 17.6.1 The separated borders model</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q192" class="tocxref">C.3.51 Section 18.2 System Colors</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q193" class="tocxref">C.3.52 Section E.2 Painting order</a>
    </ul>
    <li class="tocline2"><a href="changes.html#clarifications" class="tocxref">C.4 Clarifications</a>
    <ul class="toc">
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q195" class="tocxref">C.4.1 Section 2.1 A brief CSS&nbsp;2.1 tutorial for HTML</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q196" class="tocxref">C.4.2 Section 2.2 A brief CSS&nbsp;2.1 tutorial for XML</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q197" class="tocxref">C.4.3 Section&nbsp;2.3 The CSS&nbsp;2.1 processing model</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q198" class="tocxref">C.4.4 Section 3.1 Definitions</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q199" class="tocxref">C.4.5 Section 4.1 Syntax</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q200" class="tocxref">C.4.6 Section 4.1.1 Tokenization</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q201" class="tocxref">C.4.7 Section 4.1.3 Characters and case</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q202" class="tocxref">C.4.8 Section 4.1.7 Rule sets, declaration blocks, and selectors</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q203" class="tocxref">C.4.9 Section 4.2 Rules for handling parsing errors</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q204" class="tocxref">C.4.10 Section 4.3.1 Integers and real numbers</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q205" class="tocxref">C.4.11 Section 4.3.2 Lengths</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q206" class="tocxref">C.4.12 Section 4.3.4 URLs and URIs</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q207" class="tocxref">C.4.13 Section 5.1 Pattern matching</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q208" class="tocxref">C.4.14 Section 5.7 Adjacent sibling selectors</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q209" class="tocxref">C.4.15 Section 5.8.1 Matching attributes and attribute values</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q210" class="tocxref">C.4.16 Section 5.8.2 Default attribute values in DTDs</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q211" class="tocxref">C.4.17 Section 5.9 ID selectors</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q212" class="tocxref">C.4.18 Section 5.11.3 The dynamic pseudo-classes: :hover, :active, and :focus</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q213" class="tocxref">C.4.19 Section 5.11.4 The language pseudo-class: :lang</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q214" class="tocxref">C.4.20 Section 5.12.2 The :first-letter pseudo-element</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q215" class="tocxref">C.4.21 Section 6.2 Inheritance</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q216" class="tocxref">C.4.22 Section 6.2.1 The 'inherit' value</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q217" class="tocxref">C.4.23 Section 6.3 The @import rule</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q218" class="tocxref">C.4.24 Section 6.4 The Cascade</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q219" class="tocxref">C.4.25 Section 6.4.1 Cascading order</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q220" class="tocxref">C.4.26 Section 6.4.3 Calculating a selector's specificity</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q221" class="tocxref">C.4.27 Section 7.2.1 The @media rule</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q222" class="tocxref">C.4.28 Section 7.3 Recognized media types</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q223" class="tocxref">C.4.29 Section 7.3.1 Media groups</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q224" class="tocxref">C.4.30 Section 8.1 Box dimensions</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q225" class="tocxref">C.4.31 Section 8.3 Margin properties</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q226" class="tocxref">C.4.32 Section 8.3.1 Collapsing margins</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q227" class="tocxref">C.4.33 Section 8.5.3 Border style</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q228" class="tocxref">C.4.34 Section 9.1.1 The viewport</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q229" class="tocxref">C.4.35 Section 9.2.4 The 'display' property</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q230" class="tocxref">C.4.36 Section 9.3.1 Choosing a positioning scheme</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q231" class="tocxref">C.4.37 Section 9.3.2 Box offsets</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q232" class="tocxref">C.4.38 Section 9.4.2 Inline formatting context</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q233" class="tocxref">C.4.39 Section 9.4.3 Relative positioning</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q234" class="tocxref">C.4.40 Section 9.5 Floats</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q235" class="tocxref">C.4.41 Section 9.5.1 Positioning the float</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q236" class="tocxref">C.4.42 Section 9.5.2 Controlling flow next to floats</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q237" class="tocxref">C.4.43 Section 9.8 Comparison of normal flow, floats, and absolute positioning</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q238" class="tocxref">C.4.44 Section 10.1 Definition of "containing block"</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q239" class="tocxref">C.4.45 Section 10.2 Content width</a>
      <li class="tocline3"><a href="changes.html#q240" class="tocxref">C.4.46 Section 10.3.3 Block-level, non-replaced elements in normal flow</a>