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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"><html lang="en"> <head> <meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="content-type"> <title>Proposals for the future of CSS Paged Media</title> <link href="../default.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-ED.css"> <style type="text/css">.keyword { font-weight: bold;}.equation { padding-top: 2%; padding-right: 2%; padding-bottom: 2%; padding-left: 2%;}table.equation { text-align: center;}td, th { vertical-align: top;}pre { font-size: 1em;}#margin-values { border-collapse: collapse;}#margin-values td, #margin-values th { padding-top: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.2em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.2em; border-top-width: thin; border-right-width: thin; border-bottom-width: thin; border-left-width: thin; border-top-style: solid; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: solid; border-top-color: black; border-right-color: black; 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margin-right: 1in; padding-top: 0.125in; padding-right: 0.125in; padding-bottom: 0.125in; padding-left: 0.125in; background-color: #ffffdd; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-position: 0% 0%;}.editorial:after { content: "Ed.";}.RFC2119 { -epub-text-transform: lowercase; text-transform: lowercase; font-style: italic;}em em.RFC2119 { -epub-text-transform: lowercase; text-transform: lowercase; font-style: normal;}table.page-sizes { border-top-width: thin; border-right-width: thin; border-bottom-width: thin; border-left-width: thin; border-top-style: solid; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: solid; margin-top: 1.5em;}table.page-sizes td { border-top-width: thin; border-right-width: thin; border-bottom-width: thin; border-left-width: thin; border-top-style: solid; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: solid; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-right: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em;}table.page-sizes th { border-top-width: thin; border-right-width: thin; border-bottom-width: thin; border-left-width: thin; border-top-style: solid; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: solid; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-right: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; background-color: #ffffaa; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-position: 0% 0%;}.floating-right-image { float: right; margin-left: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em;}figure { counter-increment: figure-counter; font-style: italic; font-size: smaller;}figure > legend:before { content: "Figure " counter(figure-counter); display: block;}</style> </head> <body class="h-entry"> <div> <div class="head"> <!--logo--> <h1 class="p-name">Proposals for the future of CSS Paged Media</h1> <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="w3c-working">[LONGSTATUS] <span class="dt-updated"><span class="value-title" title="[CDATE]">[DATE]</span></span></h2> <dl> <dt>This version:</dt> <dd><a class="u-url" href="https://drafts.csswg.org/css4-page/">https://drafts.csswg.org/css4-page/</a></dd> <!-- <dd><a class="u-url" href="[VERSION]">https://www.w3.org/TR/[YEAR]/WD-[SHORTNAME]-[CDATE]</a></dd> --> <dt>Latest version:</dt> <dd><a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/css4-page">https://www.w3.org/TR/css4-page</a></dd> <dt>Previous version:</dt> <dd>--</dd> <dt>Issue Tracking:</dt> <dd>TBD <!-- or use the wiki: <dd><a rel="issues" href="http://wiki.csswg.org/spec/css4-page" >http://wiki.csswg.org/spec/css4-page</a></dd>--> </dd> <dt>Feedback:</dt> <dd><a href="mailto:www-style@w3.org?subject=%5Bcss-page%5D%20feedback" >www-style@w3.org</a> with subject line “<kbd>[css-page] <var>… message topic …</var></kbd>” (<a rel="discussion" href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-style/" >archives</a>) <dt>Editor:</dt> <dd>Daniel Glazman, Disruptive Innovations</dd> </dl> <!--copyright--> </div> <hr title="Separator for header"> <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="abstract">Abstract</h2> <p> <span class="p-summary"> This module describes an extension of the page model that partitions a flow into pages. It adds to Paged Media Level 3 features introduced by other modules like CSS Regions or CSS Exclusions and Shapes: content flows, exclusions, more powerful headers and footers, etc. It does not deprecate nor obsolete Paged Media Level 3 but is designed to live gracefully with it.</span> </p> <!-- "Status of this document" --> <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="status">Status of this Document</h2> <!--status--> <nav id="toc"> <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="contents">Table of Contents</h2> <!--begin-toc--> <!--end-toc--> </nav> <!-- "Introduction" --> <h2 id="intro">Introduction</h2> <p>Convergence between electronic books and Open Web Standards requires new features related to pagination and page layouts. If CSS Paged Media Level 3 paved the way, extension of its page model is now needed to provide the industry with solutions more in line with the new usage modes of Web Standards on one hand, better integrated with the state of the art of CSS on the other.</p> <p>This module describes how other CSS modules like Regions, Grid Layout, Exclusions and Shapes can enhance the page model for a better pagination on the Web and on print.</p> <h2 id="conformance">Conformance </h2> <p>All of the text in this specification is normative except sections explicitly marked as non-normative, examples, and notes. The keywords "<em class="RFC2119">MUST</em>", "<em class="RFC2119">SHALL</em>", "<em class="RFC2119">MUST NOT</em>", "<em class="RFC2119">SHALL NOT</em>", "<em class="RFC2119">REQUIRED</em>", "<em class="RFC2119">SHOULD</em>", "<em class="RFC2119">SHOULD NOT</em>", "<em class="RFC2119">RECOMMENDED</em>", "<em class="RFC2119">MAY</em>", and "<em class="RFC2119">OPTIONAL</em>" when used in this document are to be interpreted as described in <cite>RFC 2119</cite> [[!RFC2119]]. However, for readability, these words do not appear in all uppercase letters in this specification.</p> <p>Examples in this specification are introduced with the words "for example" or are set apart from the normative text with <code>class="example"</code>, like this: </p> <div class="example"> <p>This is an example of an informative example.</p> </div> <p>Informative notes begin with the word "Note" and are set apart from the normative text with <code>class="note"</code>, like this: </p> <p class="note">Note, this is an informative note.</p> <h2>The CSS 3 Page Model</h2> <p>This section is informative.</p> <p> </p> The current Page Model, as described in <cite>CSS3 Module: Paged Media </cite>[[!CSS3PAGE]], is the following one: the printable area of a page, the <dfn id="page-box">page box</dfn>, is made of one page box itself divided in four areas: <figure><img alt="CSS 3 Paged Media's page model" src="PageBox.png"><legend>The CSS3 Page Model</legend></figure> <p></p> <ol> <li>the <dfn id="page-margin">page margin</dfn>; that area is itself divided into 16 <dfn id="page-margin-boxes">page-margin boxes</dfn> (@top-left-corner, @top-left, @top-center, etc. ) <figure><img alt="CSS 3 page-margin boxes" src="RightMarginBoxes.png"><legend>The 16 page-margin boxes<br> (with highlight of 3 of them)<br> </legend></figure> </li> <li>the <dfn id="page-border">page border</dfn></li> <li>the <dfn id="page-padding">page padding</dfn></li> <li>and finally the <dfn id="page-area">page area</dfn> containing the boxes generated by the flow of the main contents of the document.</li> </ol> <p>It's is possible to flow content, for instance page headers and footers or footnotes, into a page-margin box using features introduced by the <cite>CSS Generated Content for Paged Media Module </cite>[[!CSS3GCPM]].</p> <p>It is also possible to define multiple page templates for a single document using the <span class="css">@page</span> at-rule that allows to select the first page, left pages, right pages or named pages of a paginated flow.</p> <p>If this page model allowed the publishing industry to adopt HTML and CSS as pivot formats, it starts showing its limits for the following reasons:</p> <ul> <li>the 16 page-margin boxes are an extension of the print features offered by desktop browsers. Desktop browsers usually offer control over 6 page-margin boxes only. Only one desktop browser claims implementation of the page model described above in the fourteen last years. The other desktop browsers' control over the 6 page-margin boxes is then not achieved through the cascade of CSS UA stylesheets.</li> <li>no editing environment available on the market and in particular Wysiwyg text editor (for instance like Microsoft Word) implements such a box model.</li> <li>it's not possible with the current model to position headers and footers (for instance the HTML5 header and footer elements) arbitrarily in the page area.</li> <li>the <span class="css">@page</span> at-rule currently allows nested at-rules only for the definition of page-margin boxes. Similarly, the set of CSS properties applicable to a page box is limited and it is impossible in this model to use <cite>CSS Regions Module Level 3</cite> [[!CSS3-REGIONS]] to flow content into a given predefined area of a page, exclude an area from the page using <cite>CSS 3 Exclusions and Shapes Module</cite> [[!CSS3-EXCLUSIONS]], lay out the page area into a grid using <cite>CSS Grid Layout</cite> [[!CSS3-GRID-LAYOUT]] or using <span class="css">@slot</span> rules that were discussed multiple times by the CSS Working Group in the recent past. The successful electronic book editing environment of Apple Inc., iBooks Author, already allows <span class="css">@pa
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ge</span> rules to specify arbitrary slots, arbitrary exclusions and shapes, and extends the list of applicable properties; most of its advanced layout capabilities are based on these features.</li> <li>the <span class="css">@page</span> rule of <cite>CSS 2.1</cite> [[!CSS21]] is intended for use on print media, not dynamic media. The spread of complex HTML-based slideshows and electronic book viewers has shown that the Page Model should also apply to screen media and alike.</li> <li>++TBD</li> </ul> <ol> </ol> <div> <h2 class="no-num" id="references">References</h2> <h3 class="no-num" id="normative-references">Normative References</h3> <!--normative--> <h3 class="no-num" id="informative-references">Informative References</h3> <!--informative--> </div> </div> </body></html>