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<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type">
<title>CSS Logical Properties Level 1</title>
<meta content="exploring" name="csswg-work-status">
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</p>
<h1 class="p-name no-ref" id="title">CSS Logical Properties Level 1</h1>
<h2 class="no-num no-toc no-ref heading settled" id="subtitle"><span class="content">Editor’s Draft,
<time class="dt-updated" datetime="2015-07-21">21 July 2015</time></span></h2>
<div data-fill-with="spec-metadata">
<dl>
<dt>This version:
<dd><a class="u-url" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-logical-props/">http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-logical-props/</a>
<dt>Feedback:
<dd><span><a href="mailto:www-style@w3.org?subject=%5Bcss-logical-props%5D%20YOUR%20TOPIC%20HERE">www-style@w3.org</a> with subject line “<kbd>[css-logical-props] <var>… message topic …</var></kbd>” (<a href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-style/" rel="discussion">archives</a>)</span>
<dt>Issue Tracking:
<dd><a href="https://github.com/w3c/csswg-drafts/issues/">GitHub</a>
<dd><a href="#issues-index">Inline In Spec</a>
<dt class="editor">Editors:
<dd class="editor p-author h-card vcard"><a class="p-name fn u-email email" href="mailto:ratan@microsoft.com">Rossen Atanassov</a> (<span class="p-org org">Microsoft</span>)
<dd class="editor p-author h-card vcard"><a class="p-name fn u-url url" href="http://fantasai.inkedblade.net/contact">fantasai</a> (<span class="p-org org">Invited Expert</span>)
</dl>
</div>
<div data-fill-with="warning"></div>
<p class="copyright" data-fill-with="copyright"><a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Copyright">Copyright</a> © 2015 <a href="http://www.w3.org/"><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr></a><sup>®</sup> (<a href="http://www.csail.mit.edu/"><abbr title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</abbr></a>, <a href="http://www.ercim.eu/"><abbr title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</abbr></a>, <a href="http://www.keio.ac.jp/">Keio</a>, <a href="http://ev.buaa.edu.cn/">Beihang</a>). W3C <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Legal_Disclaimer">liability</a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#W3C_Trademarks">trademark</a> and <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/copyright-documents">document use</a> rules apply.
</p>
<hr title="Separator for header">
</div>
<h2 class="no-num no-toc no-ref heading settled" id="abstract"><span class="content">Abstract</span></h2>
<div class="p-summary" data-fill-with="abstract">
<p>This module introduces logical properties and values that provide the author with the ability to control layout through logical, rather than physical, direction and dimension mappings. The module defines logical properties and values for the features defined in [CSS21]. These properties are writing-mode relative equivalents of their corresponding physical properties.</p>
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS/">CSS</a> is a language for describing the rendering of structured documents
(such as HTML and XML)
on screen, on paper, in speech, etc.</div>
<h2 class="no-num no-toc no-ref heading settled" id="status"><span class="content">Status of this document</span></h2>
<div data-fill-with="status">
<p>
This is a public copy of the editors’ draft.
It is provided for discussion only and may change at any moment.
Its publication here does not imply endorsement of its contents by W3C.
Don’t cite this document other than as work in progress.
</p>
<p>
The (<a href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-style/">archived</a>) public mailing list
<a href="mailto:www-style@w3.org?Subject=%5Bcss-logical-props%5D%20PUT%20SUBJECT%20HERE">www-style@w3.org</a>
(see <a href="http://www.w3.org/Mail/Request">instructions</a>)
is preferred for discussion of this specification.
When sending e-mail,
please put the text “css-logical-props” in the subject,
preferably like this:
“[css-logical-props] <em>…summary of comment…</em>”
</p>
<p>
This document was produced by the <a href="http://www.w3.org/Style/CSS/members">CSS Working Group</a>
(part of the <a href="http://www.w3.org/Style/">Style Activity</a>).
</p>
<p>
This document was produced by a group operating under
the <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/">5 February 2004 W3C Patent Policy</a>.
W3C maintains a <a href="http://www.w3.org/2004/01/pp-impl/32061/status" rel="disclosure">public list of any patent disclosures</a>
made in connection with the deliverables of the group;
that page also includes instructions for disclosing a patent.
An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent which the individual believes contains <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#def-essential">Essential Claim(s)</a>
must disclose the information in accordance with <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#sec-Disclosure">section 6 of the W3C Patent Policy</a>.
</p>
<p>
This document is governed by the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2014/Process-20140801/" id="w3c_process_revision">1 August 2014 W3C Process Document</a>.
</p>
<p>
</p></div>
<div data-fill-with="at-risk"></div>
<h2 class="no-num no-toc no-ref heading settled" id="contents"><span class="content">Table of Contents</span></h2>
<div data-fill-with="table-of-contents" role="navigation">
<ul class="toc" role="directory">
<li><a href="#logical-controls"><span class="secno">1</span> <span class="content">
Logical Directional Values: <span class="css">block-start</span>, <span class="css">block-end</span>, <span class="css">inline-start</span>, <span class="css">inline-end</span></span></a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a href="#caption-side"><span class="secno">1.1</span> <span class="content">
Logical Values for the <span class="property">caption-side</span> Property</span></a>
<li><a href="#float-clear"><span class="secno">1.2</span> <span class="content">
Logical Values for the <span class="property">float</span> and <span class="property">clear</span> Properties</span></a>
<li><a href="#text-align"><span class="secno">1.3</span> <span class="content">
Logical Values for the <span class="property">text-align</span> Property</span></a>
<li><a href="#resize"><span class="secno">1.4</span> <span class="content">
Logical Values for the <span class="property">resize</span> Property</span></a>
</ul>
<li><a href="#logical-page"><span class="secno">2</span> <span class="content">
Logical Page Classifications</span></a>
<li><a href="#logical-box-props"><span class="secno">3</span> <span class="content">
Logical Box Model Properties
</span></a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a href="#logical-dimension-properties"><span class="secno">3.1</span> <span class="content">
Logical Height and Logical Width: the <span class="property">block-size</span> and <span class="property">inline-size</span> properties</span></a>
<li><a href="#logical-prop"><span class="secno">3.2</span> <span class="content">
Logical Margins and Offsets:
the margin- and offset- block-start/block-end/inline-start/inline-end properties</span></a>
<li><a href="#border-padding"><span class="secno">3.3</span> <span class="content">
Logical Padding and Border: the padding- and border-<var>*</var>-
block-start/block-end/inline-start/inline-end properties</span></a>
<li><a href="#logical-shorthand-keyword"><span class="secno">3.4</span> <span class="content">
Shorthand Properties with <span class="css">logical</span> Keyword</span></a>
</ul>
<li><a href="#background-and-borders"><span class="secno">4</span> <span class="content">
Logical Background and Border Images</span></a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a href="#background-image-transform-prop"><span class="secno">4.1</span> <span class="content">
Background Image Transform: The <span class="css">background-image-transform</span> property</span></a>
<li><a href="#background-repeat-prop"><span class="secno">4.2</span> <span class="content">
The <span class="property">background-repeat</span> property</span></a>
<li><a href="#border-image-transform-prop"><span class="secno">4.3</span> <span class="content">
Border Image Transform: The <span class="property">border-image-transform</span> property</span></a>
</ul>
<li><a href="#conformance"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">
Conformance</span></a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a href="#conventions"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">
Document conventions</span></a>
<li><a href="#conformance-classes"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">
Conformance classes</span></a>
<li><a href="#partial"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">
Partial implementations</span></a>
<li><a href="#experimental"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">
Experimental implementations</span></a>
<li><a href="#testing"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">
Non-experimental implementations</span></a>
</ul>
<li><a href="#index"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">Index</span></a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a href="#index-defined-here"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">Terms defined by this specification</span></a>
<li><a href="#index-defined-elsewhere"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">Terms defined by reference</span></a>
</ul>
<li><a href="#references"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">References</span></a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a href="#normative"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">Normative References</span></a>
</ul>
<li><a href="#property-index"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">Property Index</span></a>
<li><a href="#issues-index"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">Issues Index</span></a>
</ul></div>
<main>
<h1 id="intro">
Introduction</h1>
<p>See <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-css3-writing-modes">[CSS3-WRITING-MODES]</a> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css-writing-modes-3/#abstract-layout">Abstract Layout</a>
for details on how to map between logical and physical terms.
This mapping controls the interpretation of logical keywords and properties.</p>
<h2 class="heading settled" data-level="1" id="logical-controls"><span class="secno">1. </span><span class="content">
Logical Directional Values: <a class="css" data-link-type="maybe" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-line-grid-1/#valdef-box-snap-block-start">block-start</a>, <a class="css" data-link-type="maybe" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-line-grid-1/#valdef-box-snap-block-end">block-end</a>, <a class="css" data-link-type="maybe" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-page-floats/#valdef-float-inline-start">inline-start</a>, <a class="css" data-link-type="maybe" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-page-floats/#valdef-float-inline-end">inline-end</a></span><a class="self-link" href="#logical-controls"></a></h2>
<p>Properties that accept physical directional keyword values
(<a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-position-3/#propdef-top">top</a>, <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-position-3/#propdef-bottom">bottom</a>, <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-position-3/#propdef-left">left</a>, or <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-position-3/#propdef-right">right</a>) are redefined
to also accept the appropriate logical directional keywords.
In such cases,
the logical values can be used in place of the corresponding physical values.
For properties that take multiple keywords, combinations of logical and
physical values are not allowed (unless otherwise specified in a future specification).</p>
<p>Properties can be either 1-dimensional or 2-dimensional.
When contextually constrained to one dimension,
the logical keywords are shortened.</p>
<h3 class="heading settled" data-level="1.1" id="caption-side"><span class="secno">1.1. </span><span class="content">
Logical Values for the <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/tables.html#propdef-caption-side">caption-side</a> Property</span><a class="self-link" href="#caption-side"></a></h3>
<table class="definition propdef partial" data-link-for-hint="caption-side">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Name:
<td><a class="css" data-link-type="property" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/tables.html#propdef-caption-side">caption-side</a>
<tr class="value">
<th>New values:
<td class="prod">block-start <a data-link-type="grammar" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-values-3/#comb-one">|</a> block-end <a data-link-type="grammar" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-values-3/#comb-one">|</a> inline-start <a data-link-type="grammar" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-values-3/#comb-one">|</a> inline-end</table>
<p>The <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/tables.html#propdef-caption-side">caption-side</a> property is 1-dimensional in CSS2.1,
but was 2-dimensional in CSS2.0,
(and presumably will be 2-dimensional again in the next update to CSS tables).
It therefore accepts the full set of logical directions.
However, the <a class="css" data-link-type="maybe" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-page-floats/#valdef-float-inline-start">inline-start</a> and <a class="css" data-link-type="maybe" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-page-floats/#valdef-float-inline-end">inline-end</a> properties
(which correspond to the behavior of the <a class="css" data-link-type="maybe" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-2d-transforms/#valuedef-left0">left</a> and <a class="css" data-link-type="maybe" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-2d-transforms/#valuedef-right0">right</a> values in CSS2.0)
are only required to be supported by UAs that support <a class="css" data-link-type="maybe" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-2d-transforms/#valuedef-left0">left</a> and <a class="css" data-link-type="maybe" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-2d-transforms/#valuedef-right0">right</a>.</p>
<h3 class="heading settled" data-level="1.2" id="float-clear"><span class="secno">1.2. </span><span class="content">
Logical Values for the <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visuren.html#propdef-float">float</a> and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visuren.html#propdef-clear">clear</a> Properties</span><a class="self-link" href="#float-clear"></a></h3>
<table class="definition propdef partial" data-link-for-hint="float">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Name:
<td><a class="css" data-link-type="property" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visuren.html#propdef-float">float</a>, <a class="css" data-link-type="property" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visuren.html#propdef-clear">clear</a>
<tr class="value">
<th>New values:
<td class="prod">inline-start <a data-link-type="grammar" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-values-3/#comb-one">|</a> inline-end</table>
<p class="issue" id="issue-98c730b0"><a class="self-link" href="#issue-98c730b0"></a> Is this a 2-directional property? Should these just be <a class="css" data-link-type="maybe" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-align-3/#valdef-self-position-start">start</a>/<a class="css" data-link-type="maybe" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-align-3/#valdef-self-position-end">end</a>?</p>
<h3 class="heading settled" data-level="1.3" id="text-align"><span class="secno">1.3. </span><span class="content">
Logical Values for the <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-text-3/#propdef-text-align">text-align</a> Property</span><a class="self-link" href="#text-align"></a></h3>
<table class="definition propdef partial" data-link-for-hint="text-align">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Name:
<td><a class="css" data-link-type="property" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-text-3/#propdef-text-align">text-align</a>
<tr class="value">
<th>New values:
<td class="prod">start <a data-link-type="grammar" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-values-3/#comb-one">|</a> end</table>
<p>These values are normatively defined in <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-css3text">[CSS3TEXT]</a>.</p>
<p class="issue" id="issue-13eba19d"><a class="self-link" href="#issue-13eba19d"></a>
float needs coordination with GCPM where it defines page floats
</p>
<h3 class="heading settled" data-level="1.4" id="resize"><span class="secno">1.4. </span><span class="content">
Logical Values for the <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-ui-3/#propdef-resize">resize</a> Property</span><a class="self-link" href="#resize"></a></h3>
<table class="definition propdef partial" data-link-for-hint="resize">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Name:
<td><a class="css" data-link-type="property" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-ui-3/#propdef-resize">resize</a>
<tr class="value">
<th>New values:
<td class="prod">block <a data-link-type="grammar" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-values-3/#comb-one">|</a> inline</table>
<h2 class="heading settled" data-level="2" id="logical-page"><span class="secno">2. </span><span class="content">
Logical Page Classifications</span><a class="self-link" href="#logical-page"></a></h2>
<p>In CSS, all pages are classified by user agents as either left pages
or right pages. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-css21">[CSS21]</a> Which page is first in a spread, however,
depends on whether the page progression is left-to-right or right-to-left.</p>
<p>To allow control of page breaking to the page that is on the earlier
or later side of a spread, rather than to the left or right side of a
spread, this module introduces the following additional keywords for the
<a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/page.html#propdef-page-break-after">page-break-after</a> and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/page.html#propdef-page-break-before">page-break-before</a> properties <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-css21">[CSS21]</a>:</p>
<dl>
<dt><dfn class="css" data-dfn-for="logical-page" data-dfn-type="value" data-export="" id="valdef-logical-page-recto">recto<a class="self-link" href="#valdef-logical-page-recto"></a></dfn>
<dd>
Equivalent to <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-position-3/#propdef-right">right</a> in left-to-right page progressions
and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-position-3/#propdef-left">left</a> in right-to-left page progressions.
<dt><dfn class="css" data-dfn-for="logical-page" data-dfn-type="value" data-export="" id="valdef-logical-page-verso">verso<a class="self-link" href="#valdef-logical-page-verso"></a></dfn>
<dd>
Equivalent to <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-position-3/#propdef-left">left</a> in left-to-right page progressions
and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-position-3/#propdef-right">right</a> in right-to-left page progressions.
</dl>
<p>These values are further defined in <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-css3-break">[CSS3-BREAK]</a>.</p>
<p>Logical page selectors are also added to support logical page selection.
Authors typically place page numbers using physical placements,
but the contents of headers often follows conventions depending
on which page in the spread is earlier.</p>
<p>Following <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/page.html#page-selectors">page
selectors</a> are added to support this scenario:</p>
<dl>
<dt><dfn class="css" data-dfn-for="logical-page-selector" data-dfn-type="value" data-export="" id="valdef-logical-page-selector-recto">:recto<a class="self-link" href="#valdef-logical-page-selector-recto"></a></dfn>
<dd>
Equivalent to ':right' in left-to-right page progressions
and ':left' in right-to-left page progressions.
<dt><dfn class="css" data-dfn-for="logical-page-selector" data-dfn-type="value" data-export="" id="valdef-logical-page-selector-verso">:verso<a class="self-link" href="#valdef-logical-page-selector-verso"></a></dfn>
<dd>
Equivalent to ':left' in left-to-right page progressions
and ':right' in right-to-left page progressions.
</dl>
<p>The logical page selectors have specificity equal to the ':left'
and ':right' page selectors.</p>
<h2 class="heading settled" data-level="3" id="logical-box-props"><span class="secno">3. </span><span class="content">
Logical Box Model Properties
</span><a class="self-link" href="#logical-box-props"></a></h2>
<p>This specification introduces new CSS properties
that are logical equivalents
of physical box model properties.</p>
<p>The specified values of these properties are separate from
the specified values of the parallel physical properties,
but the logical and physical properties share computed values.
Which pairs of properties share computed values
depends on the computed values of
<a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-writing-mode">writing-mode</a>, <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-text-orientation">text-orientation</a>, and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-direction">direction</a>.
For a summary of these dependencies, see
<a href="https://drafts.csswg.org/css-writing-modes/#logical-to-physical">Abstract-to-Physical Mappings</a>
in <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-css3-writing-modes">[CSS3-WRITING-MODES]</a>.</p>
<p>A computed value that has logical and physical properties
is determined by applying the CSS cascade to declarations of both.
Overriding is not determined by whether a declaration is logical or physical,
but only by the rules of the CSS cascade <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-css3-cascade">[CSS3-CASCADE]</a>.</p>
<p class="note" role="note">
Note that this requires implementations to maintain
relative order of declarations within a CSS declaration block,
which was not previously required for CSS cascading.
</p>
<div class="example" id="example-d5b4fed5"><a class="self-link" href="#example-d5b4fed5"></a>
For example, given the following rule:
<pr
7E54
e class="lang-css highlight"><span class="nt">p</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">margin</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="k">inline</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">start</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="m">1px</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">margin-left</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="m">2px</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">margin</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="k">inline</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">end</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="m">3px</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span></pre>
<p>In a paragraph with computed <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-writing-mode">writing-mode</a> being <a class="css" data-link-type="maybe" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#valdef-writing-mode-horizontal-tb">horizontal-tb</a>
and computed <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-direction">direction</a> being <a class="css" data-link-type="maybe" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#valdef-direction-ltr">ltr</a>,
the computed value of <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-margin-left">margin-left</a> is <span class="css">2px</span>,
since for that <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-writing-mode">writing-mode</a> and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-direction">direction</a>,
<a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="#propdef-margin-inline-start">margin-inline-start</a> and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-margin-left">margin-left</a> share a computed value,
and the declaration of <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-margin-left">margin-left</a>
is after the declaration of <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="#propdef-margin-inline-start">margin-inline-start</a>.
However, if the computed <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-direction">direction</a> were instead <a class="css" data-link-type="maybe" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#valdef-direction-rtl">rtl</a>,
the computed value of <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-margin-left">margin-left</a> is <span class="css">3px</span>,
since <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="#propdef-margin-inline-end">margin-inline-end</a> and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-margin-left">margin-left</a> share a computed value,
and the declaration of <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="#propdef-margin-inline-end">margin-inline-end</a>
is after the declaration of <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-margin-left">margin-left</a>.</p>
</div>
<p class="issue" id="issue-6dde0886"><a class="self-link" href="#issue-6dde0886"></a>
How do computed value APIs, e.g., getComputedStyle() work?
Can they be used with either logical or physical properties,
or only with the physical ones?
</p>
<h3 class="heading settled" data-level="3.1" id="logical-dimension-properties"><span class="secno">3.1. </span><span class="content">
Logical Height and Logical Width: the <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="#propdef-block-size">block-size</a> and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="#propdef-inline-size">inline-size</a> properties</span><a class="self-link" href="#logical-dimension-properties"></a></h3>
<table class="definition propdef" data-link-for-hint="block-size">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Name:
<td><dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-block-size">block-size<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-block-size"></a></dfn>, <dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-inline-size">inline-size<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-inline-size"></a></dfn>
<tr class="value">
<th>Value:
<td class="prod"><a class="production" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-width"><‘width’></a>
<tr>
<th>Initial:
<td>auto
<tr>
<th>Applies to:
<td>same as <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-width">width</a> and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-height">height</a>
<tr>
<th>Inherited:
<td>no
<tr>
<th>Percentages:
<td>block-size/inline-size, respectively, of containing block
<tr>
<th>Media:
<td>visual
<tr>
<th>Computed value:
<td>same as <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-width">width</a> and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-height">height</a>
<tr>
<th>Animatable:
<td>no</table>
<p>These properties correspond to the <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-width">width</a> and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-height">height</a> properties.
The mapping depends on the element’s <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-writing-mode">writing-mode</a>.</p>
<table class="definition propdef" data-link-for-hint="min-block-size">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Name:
<td><dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-min-block-size">min-block-size<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-min-block-size"></a></dfn>, <dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-min-inline-size">min-inline-size<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-min-inline-size"></a></dfn>
<tr class="value">
<th>Value:
<td class="prod"><a class="production" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-min-width"><‘min-width’></a>
<tr>
<th>Initial:
<td>0
<tr>
<th>Applies to:
<td>same as <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-width">width</a> and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-height">height</a>
<tr>
<th>Inherited:
<td>no
<tr>
<th>Percentages:
<td>block-size/inline-size, respectively, of containing block
<tr>
<th>Media:
<td>visual
<tr>
<th>Computed value:
<td>same as <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-min-width">min-width</a> and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-min-height">min-height</a>
<tr>
<th>Animatable:
<td>no</table>
<p>These properties correspond to the <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-min-width">min-width</a> and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-min-height">min-height</a> properties.
The mapping depends on the element’s <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-writing-mode">writing-mode</a>.</p>
<table class="definition propdef" data-link-for-hint="max-block-size">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Name:
<td><dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-max-block-size">max-block-size<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-max-block-size"></a></dfn>, <dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-max-inline-size">max-inline-size<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-max-inline-size"></a></dfn>
<tr class="value">
<th>Value:
<td class="prod"><a class="production" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-max-width"><‘max-width’></a>
<tr>
<th>Initial:
<td>none
<tr>
<th>Applies to:
<td>same as <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-width">width</a> and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-height">height</a>
<tr>
<th>Inherited:
<td>no
<tr>
<th>Percentages:
<td>block-size/inline-size, respectively, of containing block
<tr>
<th>Media:
<td>visual
<tr>
<th>Computed value:
<td>same as <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-max-width">max-width</a> and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-max-height">max-height</a>
<tr>
<th>Animatable:
<td>no</table>
<p>These properties correspond to the <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-max-width">max-width</a> and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/visudet.html#propdef-max-height">max-height</a> properties.
The mapping depends on the element’s <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-writing-mode">writing-mode</a>.</p>
<h3 class="heading settled" data-level="3.2" id="logical-prop"><span class="secno">3.2. </span><span class="content">
Logical Margins and Offsets:
the margin- and offset- block-start/block-end/inline-start/inline-end properties</span><a class="self-link" href="#logical-prop"></a></h3>
<table class="definition propdef" data-link-for-hint="margin-block-start">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Name:
<td><dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-margin-block-start">margin-block-start<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-margin-block-start"></a></dfn>, <dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-margin-block-end">margin-block-end<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-margin-block-end"></a></dfn>, <dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-margin-inline-start">margin-inline-start<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-margin-inline-start"></a></dfn>, <dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-margin-inline-end">margin-inline-end<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-margin-inline-end"></a></dfn>
<tr class="value">
<th>Value:
<td class="prod"><a class="production" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-margin-left"><‘margin-left’></a>
<tr>
<th>Initial:
<td>0
<tr>
<th>Applies to:
<td>same as <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-margin">margin</a>
<tr>
<th>Inherited:
<td>no
<tr>
<th>Percentages:
<td>depends on layout model
<tr>
<th>Media:
<td>visual
<tr>
<th>Computed value:
<td>the percentage as specified or the absolute length or auto (see text)
<tr>
<th>Animatable:
<td>no</table>
<p>These properties correspond to the <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-margin-top">margin-top</a>, <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-margin-bottom">margin-bottom</a>,
<a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-margin-left">margin-left</a>, and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-margin-right">margin-right</a> properties.
The mapping depends on the <em>parent element’s</em> <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-writing-mode">writing-mode</a>,
<a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-direction">direction</a>, and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-text-orientation">text-orientation</a>.</p>
<table class="definition propdef" data-link-for-hint="offset-block-start">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Name:
<td><dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-offset-block-start">offset-block-start<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-offset-block-start"></a></dfn>, <dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-offset-block-end">offset-block-end<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-offset-block-end"></a></dfn>, <dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-offset-inline-start">offset-inline-start<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-offset-inline-start"></a></dfn>, <dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-offset-inline-end">offset-inline-end<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-offset-inline-end"></a></dfn>
<tr class="value">
<th>Value:
<td class="prod"><a class="production" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-position-3/#propdef-left"><‘left’></a>
<tr>
<th>Initial:
<td>auto
<tr>
<th>Applies to:
<td>positioned elements
<tr>
<th>Inherited:
<td>no
<tr>
<th>Percentages:
<td>logical-width, resp. logical-height of containing block
<tr>
<th>Media:
<td>visual
<tr>
<th>Computed value:
<td>same as box offsets: <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-position-3/#propdef-top">top</a>, <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-position-3/#propdef-right">right</a>, <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-position-3/#propdef-bottom">bottom</a>, <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-position-3/#propdef-left">left</a> properties except that directions are logical
<tr>
<th>Animatable:
<td>no</table>
<p>These properties correspond to the <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-position-3/#propdef-top">top</a>, <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-position-3/#propdef-bottom">bottom<
7E54
/a>, <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-position-3/#propdef-left">left</a>, and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-position-3/#propdef-right">right</a>
properties. The mapping depends on the <em>parent element’s</em>
<a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-writing-mode">writing-mode</a>, <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-direction">direction</a>, and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-text-orientation">text-orientation</a>.</p>
<h3 class="heading settled" data-level="3.3" id="border-padding"><span class="secno">3.3. </span><span class="content">
Logical Padding and Border: the padding- and border-<var>*</var>-
block-start/block-end/inline-start/inline-end properties</span><a class="self-link" href="#border-padding"></a></h3>
<table class="definition propdef" data-link-for-hint="padding-block-start">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Name:
<td><dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-padding-block-start">padding-block-start<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-padding-block-start"></a></dfn>, <dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-padding-block-end">padding-block-end<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-padding-block-end"></a></dfn>, <dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-padding-inline-start">padding-inline-start<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-padding-inline-start"></a></dfn>, <dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-padding-inline-end">padding-inline-end<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-padding-inline-end"></a></dfn>
<tr class="value">
<th>Value:
<td class="prod"><a class="production" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-padding-left"><‘padding-left’></a>
<tr>
<th>Initial:
<td>0
<tr>
<th>Applies to:
<td>all elements
<tr>
<th>Inherited:
<td>no
<tr>
<th>Percentages:
<td>logical-width of containing block
<tr>
<th>Media:
<td>visual
<tr>
<th>Computed value:
<td>length (see text)
<tr>
<th>Animatable:
<td>no</table>
<p>These properties correspond to the <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-padding-top">padding-top</a>, <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-padding-bottom">padding-bottom</a>,
<a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-padding-left">padding-left</a>, and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-padding-right">padding-right</a> properties. The mapping depends on the
element’s <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-writing-mode">writing-mode</a>, <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-direction">direction</a>, and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-text-orientation">text-orientation</a>.</p>
<table class="definition propdef" data-link-for-hint="border-block-start-width">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Name:
<td><dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-border-block-start-width">border-block-start-width<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-border-block-start-width"></a></dfn>, <dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-border-block-end-width">border-block-end-width<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-border-block-end-width"></a></dfn>, <dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-border-inline-start-width">border-inline-start-width<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-border-inline-start-width"></a></dfn>, <dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-border-inline-end-width">border-inline-end-width<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-border-inline-end-width"></a></dfn>
<tr class="value">
<th>Value:
<td class="prod">border-width
<tr>
<th>Initial:
<td>medium
<tr>
<th>Applies to:
<td>all elements
<tr>
<th>Inherited:
<td>no
<tr>
<th>Percentages:
<td>logical-width of containing block
<tr>
<th>Media:
<td>visual
<tr>
<th>Computed value:
<td>absolute length; 0 if the border style is none or hidden (see text)
<tr>
<th>Animatable:
<td>no</table>
<p>These properties correspond to the <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-top-width">border-top-width</a>, <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-bottom-width">border-bottom-width</a>,
<a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-left-width">border-left-width</a>, and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-right-width">border-right-width</a> properties. The mapping depends
on the element’s <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-writing-mode">writing-mode</a>, <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-direction">direction</a>, and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-text-orientation">text-orientation</a>.</p>
<table class="definition propdef" data-link-for-hint="border-block-start-style">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Name:
<td><dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-border-block-start-style">border-block-start-style<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-border-block-start-style"></a></dfn>, <dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-border-block-end-style">border-block-end-style<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-border-block-end-style"></a></dfn>, <dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-border-inline-start-style">border-inline-start-style<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-border-inline-start-style"></a></dfn>, <dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-border-inline-end-style">border-inline-end-style<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-border-inline-end-style"></a></dfn>
<tr class="value">
<th>Value:
<td class="prod">border-style
<tr>
<th>Initial:
<td>none
<tr>
<th>Applies to:
<td>all elements
<tr>
<th>Inherited:
<td>no
<tr>
<th>Percentages:
<td>n/a
<tr>
<th>Media:
<td>visual
<tr>
<th>Computed value:
<td>specified value (see text)
<tr>
<th>Animatable:
<td>no</table>
<p>These properties correspond to the <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-top-style">border-top-style</a>, <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-bottom-style">border-bottom-style</a>,
<a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-left-style">border-left-style</a>, and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-right-style">border-right-style</a> properties. The mapping depends
on the element’s <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-writing-mode">writing-mode</a>, <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-direction">direction</a>, and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-text-orientation">text-orientation</a>.</p>
<table class="definition propdef" data-link-for-hint="border-block-start-color">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Name:
<td><dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-border-block-start-color">border-block-start-color<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-border-block-start-color"></a></dfn>, <dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-border-block-end-color">border-block-end-color<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-border-block-end-color"></a></dfn>, <dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-border-inline-start-color">border-inline-start-color<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-border-inline-start-color"></a></dfn>, <dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-border-inline-end-color">border-inline-end-color<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-border-inline-end-color"></a></dfn>
<tr class="value">
<th>Value:
<td class="prod">color
<tr>
<th>Initial:
<td>currentcolor
<tr>
<th>Applies to:
<td>all elements
<tr>
<th>Inherited:
<td>no
<tr>
<th>Percentages:
<td>n/a
<tr>
<th>Media:
<td>visual
<tr>
<th>Computed value:
<td>computed color (see text)
<tr>
<th>Animatable:
<td>no</table>
<p>These properties correspond to the <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-top-color">border-top-color</a>, <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-bottom-color">border-bottom-color</a>,
<a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-left-color">border-left-color</a>, and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-right-color">border-right-color</a> properties. The mapping depends
on the element’s <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-writing-mode">writing-mode</a>, <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-direction">direction</a>, and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-text-orientation">text-orientation</a>.</p>
<table class="definition propdef" data-link-for-hint="border-block-start">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Name:
<td><dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-border-block-start">border-block-start<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-border-block-start"></a></dfn>, <dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-border-block-end">border-block-end<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-border-block-end"></a></dfn>, <dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-border-inline-start">border-inline-start<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-border-inline-start"></a></dfn>, <dfn class="css" data-dfn-type="property" data-export="" id="propdef-border-inline-end">border-inline-end<a class="self-link" href="#propdef-border-inline-end"></a></dfn>
<tr class="value">
<th>Value:
<td class="prod">border-width <a data-link-type="grammar" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-values-3/#comb-any">||</a> border-style <a data-link-type="grammar" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-values-3/#comb-any">||</a> color
<tr>
<th>Initial:
<td>(see individual properties)
<tr>
<th>Applies to:
<td>all elements
<tr>
<th>Inherited:
<td>no
<tr>
<th>Percentages:
<td>see individual properties
<tr>
<th>Media:
<td>visual
<tr>
<th>Computed value:
<td>see individual properties
<tr>
<th>Animatable:
<td>no</table>
<p>These properties correspond to the <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-top">border-top</a>, <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-bottom">border-bottom</a>,
<a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-left">border-left</a>, and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-right">border-right</a> properties. The mapping depends on the
element’s <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-writing-mode">writing-mode</a>, <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-direction">direction</a>, and <a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-writing-modes-3/#propdef-text-orientation">text-orientation</a>.</p>
<h3 class="heading settled" data-level="3.4" id="logical-shorthand-keyword"><span class="secno">3.4. </span><span class="content">
Shorthand Properties with <span class="css">logical</span> Keyword</span><a class="self-link" href="#logical-shorthand-keyword"></a></h3>
<p>The shorthand properties for margin, padding, and border set values
for physical properties by default. But authors can specify the <dfn class="css" data-dfn-for="margin, padding, border-color, border-style, border-width" data-dfn-type="value" data-export="" id="valdef-margin-logical">logical<a class="self-link" href="#valdef-margin-logical"></a></dfn>
keyword at the beginning of the property value to indicate that the values
map to the logical properties instead of the physical ones.</p>
<p class="issue" id="issue-2b4adeb6"><a class="self-link" href="#issue-2b4adeb6"></a>
other candidates of the keyword are: <a class="css" data-link-type="maybe" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-position-3/#valdef-position-relative">relative</a>, <span class="css">script</span>,
<span class="css">writing-mode</span>, <span class="css">beas</span>, or the value itself (e.g., <span class="css">vertical-lr-ltr</span>)
</p>
<p>The following <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-css21">[CSS21]</a> shorthand properties accept the <a class="css" data-link-type="maybe" href="#valdef-margin-logical">logical</a> keyword:</p>
<ul>
<li><a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-margin">margin</a>
<li><a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css2/box.html#propdef-padding">padding</a>
<li><a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-color">border-color</a>
<li><a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-style">border-style</a>
<li><a class="property" data-link-type="propdesc" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-backgrounds-3/#border-width">border-width</a>
</ul>
<p>The syntax for these properties is effectively changed by replacing</p>
<pre class="prod"><<var>value-type</var>><a data-link-type="grammar" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-values-3/#mult-num-range">{1,4}</a></pre>
<p>with</p>
<pre class="prod">logical<a data-link-type="grammar" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-values-3/#mult-opt">?</a> <<var>value-type</var>><a data-link-type="grammar" href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-values-3/#mult-num-range">{1,4}</a></pre>
<p>When the logical keyword is present in the value, the values that follow are
assigned to the logical properties as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li>If only one value is set, the value applies to all four logical sides.
<li>If two values are set, the first is for block-start and block-end,
the second is for inline-start and inline-end.
<li>If three values are set, the first is for block-start,
the second is for inline-start and inline-end,
and the third is for block-end.
<li>If four values are set, they apply to the block-start, inline-end, block-end, and inline-start
sides in that order.
</ul>
<p class="issue" id="issue-5ae45c09"><a class="self-link" href="#issue-5ae45c09"></a>
Should the shorthand also reset the physical properties to their initial
values?
</p>
<div class="example" id="example-1acdff8c"><a class="self-link" href="#example-1acdff8c"></a>
In the following example, the two rules are equivalent:
<pre class="lang-css highlight"><span class="nt">blockquote</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">margin</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="n">logical</span> <span class="m">1em</span> <span class="m">2em</span> <span class="m">3em</span> <span class="m">4em</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="nt">blockquote</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">margin</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="k">block</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">start</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="m">1em</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">margin</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="k">inline</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">end</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="m">2em</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">margin</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="k">block</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">end</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="m">3em</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">margin</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="k">inline</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">start</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="m">4em</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span></pre>