test_cssselect.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
    Tests for cssselect
    ===================

    These tests can be run either by py.test or by the standard library's
    unittest. They use plain ``assert`` statements and do little reporting
    themselves in case of failure.

    Use py.test to get fancy error reporting and assert introspection.


    :copyright: (c) 2007-2012 Ian Bicking and contributors.
                See AUTHORS for more details.
    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for more details.

"""

import sys
import unittest

from lxml import etree, html
from cssselect import (parse, GenericTranslator, HTMLTranslator,
                       SelectorSyntaxError, ExpressionError)
from cssselect.parser import (tokenize, parse_series, _unicode,
                              FunctionalPseudoElement)
from cssselect.xpath import _unicode_safe_getattr, XPathExpr


if sys.version_info[0] < 3:
    # Python 2
    def u(text):
        return text.decode('utf8')
else:
    # Python 3
    def u(text):
        return text


class TestCssselect(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_tokenizer(self):
        tokens = [
            _unicode(item) for item in tokenize(
                u(r'E\ é > f [a~="y\"x"]:nth(/* fu /]* */-3.7)'))]
        assert tokens == [
            u("<IDENT 'E é' at 0>"),
            "<S ' ' at 4>",
            "<DELIM '>' at 5>",
            "<S ' ' at 6>",
            # the no-break space is not whitespace in CSS
            u("<IDENT 'f ' at 7>"),  # f\xa0
            "<DELIM '[' at 9>",
            "<IDENT 'a' at 10>",
            "<DELIM '~' at 11>",
            "<DELIM '=' at 12>",
            "<STRING 'y\"x' at 13>",
            "<DELIM ']' at 19>",
            "<DELIM ':' at 20>",
            "<IDENT 'nth' at 21>",
            "<DELIM '(' at 24>",
            "<NUMBER '-3.7' at 37>",
            "<DELIM ')' at 41>",
            "<EOF at 42>",
        ]

    def test_parser(self):
        def repr_parse(css):
            selectors = parse(css)
            for selector in selectors:
                assert selector.pseudo_element is None
            return [repr(selector.parsed_tree).replace("(u'", "('")
                    for selector in selectors]

        def parse_many(first, *others):
            result = repr_parse(first)
            for other in others:
                assert repr_parse(other) == result
            return result

        assert parse_many('*') == ['Element[*]']
        assert parse_many('*|*') == ['Element[*]']
        assert parse_many('*|foo') == ['Element[foo]']
        assert parse_many('foo|*') == ['Element[foo|*]']
        assert parse_many('foo|bar') == ['Element[foo|bar]']
        # This will never match, but it is valid:
        assert parse_many('#foo#bar') == ['Hash[Hash[Element[*]#foo]#bar]']
        assert parse_many(
            'div>.foo',
            'div> .foo',
            'div >.foo',
            'div > .foo',
            'div \n>  \t \t .foo', 'div\r>\n\n\n.foo', 'div\f>\f.foo'
        ) == ['CombinedSelector[Element[div] > Class[Element[*].foo]]']
        assert parse_many('td.foo,.bar',
            'td.foo, .bar',
            'td.foo\t\r\n\f ,\t\r\n\f .bar'
        ) == [
            'Class[Element[td].foo]',
            'Class[Element[*].bar]'
        ]
        assert parse_many('div, td.foo, div.bar span') == [
            'Element[div]',
            'Class[Element[td].foo]',
            'CombinedSelector[Class[Element[div].bar] '
                '<followed> Element[span]]']
        assert parse_many('div > p') == [
            'CombinedSelector[Element[div] > Element[p]]']
        assert parse_many('td:first') == [
            'Pseudo[Element[td]:first]']
        assert parse_many('td:first') == [
            'Pseudo[Element[td]:first]']
        assert parse_many('td :first') == [
            'CombinedSelector[Element[td] '
                '<followed> Pseudo[Element[*]:first]]']
        assert parse_many('td :first') == [
            'CombinedSelector[Element[td] '
                '<followed> Pseudo[Element[*]:first]]']
        assert parse_many('a[name]', 'a[ name\t]') == [
            'Attrib[Element[a][name]]']
        assert parse_many('a [name]') == [
            'CombinedSelector[Element[a] <followed> Attrib[Element[*][name]]]']
        assert parse_many('a[rel="include"]', 'a[rel = include]') == [
            "Attrib[Element[a][rel = 'include']]"]
        assert parse_many("a[hreflang |= 'en']", "a[hreflang|=en]") == [
            "Attrib[Element[a][hreflang |= 'en']]"]
        assert parse_many('div:nth-child(10)') == [
            "Function[Element[div]:nth-child(['10'])]"]
        assert parse_many(':nth-child(2n+2)') == [
            "Function[Element[*]:nth-child(['2', 'n', '+2'])]"]
        assert parse_many('div:nth-of-type(10)') == [
            "Function[Element[div]:nth-of-type(['10'])]"]
        assert parse_many('div div:nth-of-type(10) .aclass') == [
            'CombinedSelector[CombinedSelector[Element[div] <followed> '
                "Function[Element[div]:nth-of-type(['10'])]] "
                '<followed> Class[Element[*].aclass]]']
        assert parse_many('label:only') == [
            'Pseudo[Element[label]:only]']
        assert parse_many('a:lang(fr)') == [
            "Function[Element[a]:lang(['fr'])]"]
        assert parse_many('div:contains("foo")') == [
            "Function[Element[div]:contains(['foo'])]"]
        assert parse_many('div#foobar') == [
            'Hash[Element[div]#foobar]']
        assert parse_many('div:not(div.foo)') == [
            'Negation[Element[div]:not(Class[Element[div].foo])]']
        assert parse_many('td ~ th') == [
            'CombinedSelector[Element[td] ~ Element[th]]']

    def test_pseudo_elements(self):
        def parse_pseudo(css):
            result = []
            for selector in parse(css):
                pseudo = selector.pseudo_element
                pseudo = _unicode(pseudo) if pseudo else pseudo
                # No Symbol here
                assert pseudo is None or type(pseudo) is _unicode
                selector = repr(selector.parsed_tree).replace("(u'", "('")
                result.append((selector, pseudo))
            return result

        def parse_one(css):
            result = parse_pseudo(css)
            assert len(result) == 1
            return result[0]

        assert parse_one('foo') == ('Element[foo]', None)
        assert parse_one('*') == ('Element[*]', None)
        assert parse_one(':empty') == ('Pseudo[Element[*]:empty]', None)

        # Special cases for CSS 2.1 pseudo-elements
        assert parse_one(':BEfore') == ('Element[*]', 'before')
        assert parse_one(':aftER') == ('Element[*]', 'after')
        assert parse_one(':First-Line') == ('Element[*]', 'first-line')
        assert parse_one(':First-Letter') == ('Element[*]', 'first-letter')

        assert parse_one('::befoRE') == ('Element[*]', 'before')
        assert parse_one('::AFter') == ('Element[*]', 'after')
        assert parse_one('::firsT-linE') == ('Element[*]', 'first-line')
        assert parse_one('::firsT-letteR') == ('Element[*]', 'first-letter')

        assert parse_one('::text-content') == ('Element[*]', 'text-content')
        assert parse_one('::attr(name)') == (
            "Element[*]", "FunctionalPseudoElement[::attr(['name'])]")

        assert parse_one('::Selection') == ('Element[*]', 'selection')
        assert parse_one('foo:after') == ('Element[foo]', 'after')
        assert parse_one('foo::selection') == ('Element[foo]', 'selection')
        assert parse_one('lorem#ipsum ~ a#b.c[href]:empty::selection') == (
            'CombinedSelector[Hash[Element[lorem]#ipsum] ~ '
                'Pseudo[Attrib[Class[Hash[Element[a]#b].c][href]]:empty]]',
            'selection')

        parse_pseudo('foo:before, bar, baz:after') == [
            ('Element[foo]', 'before'),
            ('Element[bar]', None),
            ('Element[baz]', 'after')]

        # Special cases for CSS 2.1 pseudo-elements are ignored by default
        for pseudo in ('after', 'before', 'first-line', 'first-letter'):
            selector, = parse('e:%s' % pseudo)
            assert selector.pseudo_element == pseudo
            assert GenericTranslator().selector_to_xpath(selector, prefix='') == "e"

        # Pseudo Elements are ignored by default, but if allowed they are not
        # supported by GenericTranslator
        tr = GenericTranslator()
        selector, = parse('e::foo')
        assert selector.pseudo_element == 'foo'
        assert tr.selector_to_xpath(selector, prefix='') == "e"
        self.assertRaises(ExpressionError, tr.selector_to_xpath, selector,
                          translate_pseudo_elements=True)

    def test_specificity(self):
        def specificity(css):
            selectors = parse(css)
            assert len(selectors) == 1
            return selectors[0].specificity()

        assert specificity('*') == (0, 0, 0)
        assert specificity(' foo') == (0, 0, 1)
        assert specificity(':empty ') == (0, 1, 0)
        assert specificity(':before') == (0, 0, 1)
        assert specificity('*:before') == (0, 0, 1)
        assert specificity(':nth-child(2)') == (0, 1, 0)
        assert specificity('.bar') == (0, 1, 0)
        assert specificity('[baz]') == (0, 1, 0)
        assert specificity('[baz="4"]') == (0, 1, 0)
        assert specificity('[baz^="4"]') == (0, 1, 0)
        assert specificity('#lipsum') == (1, 0, 0)

        assert specificity(':not(*)') == (0, 0, 0)
        assert specificity(':not(foo)') == (0, 0, 1)
        assert specificity(':not(.foo)') == (0, 1, 0)
        assert specificity(':not([foo])') == (0, 1, 0)
        assert specificity(':not(:empty)') == (0, 1, 0)
        assert specificity(':not(#foo)') == (1, 0, 0)

        assert specificity('foo:empty') == (0, 1, 1)
        assert specificity('foo:before') == (0, 0, 2)
        assert specificity('foo::before') == (0, 0, 2)
        assert specificity('foo:empty::before') == (0, 1, 2)

        assert specificity('#lorem + foo#ipsum:first-child > bar:first-line'
            ) == (2, 1, 3)

    def test_parse_errors(self):
        def get_error(css):
            try:
                parse(css)
            except SelectorSyntaxError:
                # Py2, Py3, ...
                return str(sys.exc_info()[1]).replace("(u'", "('")

        assert get_error('attributes(href)/html/body/a') == (
            "Expected selector, got <DELIM '(' at 10>")
        assert get_error('attributes(href)') == (
            "Expected selector, got <DELIM '(' at 10>")
        assert get_error('html/body/a') == (
            "Expected selector, got <DELIM '/' at 4>")
        assert get_error(' ') == (
            "Expected selector, got <EOF at 1>")
        assert get_error('div, ') == (
            "Expected selector, got <EOF at 5>")
        assert get_error(' , div') == (
            "Expected selector, got <DELIM ',' at 1>")
        assert get_error('p, , div') == (
            "Expected selector, got <DELIM ',' at 3>")
        assert get_error('div > ') == (
            "Expected selector, got <EOF at 6>")
        assert get_error('  > div') == (
            "Expected selector, got <DELIM '>' at 2>")
        assert get_error('foo|#bar') == (
            "Expected ident or '*', got <HASH 'bar' at 4>")
        assert get_error('#.foo') == (
            "Expected selector, got <DELIM '#' at 0>")
        assert get_error('.#foo') == (
            "Expected ident, got <HASH 'foo' at 1>")
        assert get_error(':#foo') == (
            "Expected ident, got <HASH 'foo' at 1>")
        assert get_error('[*]') == (
            "Expected '|', got <DELIM ']' at 2>")
        assert get_error('[foo|]') == (
            "Expected ident, got <DELIM ']' at 5>")
        assert get_error('[#]') == (
            "Expected ident or '*', got <DELIM '#' at 1>")
        assert get_error('[foo=#]') == (
            "Expected string or ident, got <DELIM '#' at 5>")
        assert get_error('[href]a') == (
            "Expected selector, got <IDENT 'a' at 6>")
        assert get_error('[rel=stylesheet]') is None
        assert get_error('[rel:stylesheet]') == (
            "Operator expected, got <DELIM ':' at 4>")
        assert get_error('[rel=stylesheet') == (
            "Expected ']', got <EOF at 15>")
        assert get_error(':lang(fr)') is None
        assert get_error(':lang(fr') == (
            "Expected an argument, got <EOF at 8>")
        assert get_error(':contains("foo') == (
            "Unclosed string at 10")
        assert get_error('foo!') == (
            "Expected selector, got <DELIM '!' at 3>")

        # Mis-placed pseudo-elements
        assert get_error('a:before:empty') == (
            "Got pseudo-element ::before not at the end of a selector")
        assert get_error('li:before a') == (
            "Got pseudo-element ::before not at the end of a selector")
        assert get_error(':not(:before)') == (
            "Got pseudo-element ::before inside :not() at 12")
        assert get_error(':not(:not(a))') == (
            "Got nested :not()")

    def test_translation(self):
        def xpath(css):
            return _unicode(GenericTranslator().css_to_xpath(css, prefix=''))

        assert xpath('*') == "*"
        assert xpath('e') == "e"
        assert xpath('*|e') == "e"
        assert xpath('e|f') == "e:f"
        assert xpath('e[foo]') == "e[@foo]"
        assert xpath('e[foo|bar]') == "e[@foo:bar]"
        assert xpath('e[foo="bar"]') == "e[@foo = 'bar']"
        assert xpath('e[foo~="bar"]') == (
            "e[@foo and contains("
               "concat(' ', normalize-space(@foo), ' '), ' bar ')]")
        assert xpath('e[foo^="bar"]') == (
            "e[@foo and starts-with(@foo, 'bar')]")
        assert xpath('e[foo$="bar"]') == (
            "e[@foo and substring(@foo, string-length(@foo)-2) = 'bar']")
        assert xpath('e[foo*="bar"]') == (
            "e[@foo and contains(@foo, 'bar')]")
        assert xpath('e[hreflang|="en"]') == (
            "e[@hreflang and ("
               "@hreflang = 'en' or starts-with(@hreflang, 'en-'))]")

        # --- nth-* and nth-last-* -------------------------------------
        assert xpath('e:nth-child(1)') == (
            "e[count(preceding-sibling::*) = 0]")

        # always true
        assert xpath('e:nth-child(n)') == (
            "e")
        assert xpath('e:nth-child(n+1)') == (
            "e")
        # always true too
        assert xpath('e:nth-child(n-10)') == (
            "e")
        # b=2 is the limit...
        assert xpath('e:nth-child(n+2)') == (
            "e[count(preceding-sibling::*) >= 1]")
        # always false
        assert xpath('e:nth-child(-n)') == (
            "e[0]")
        # equivalent to first child
        assert xpath('e:nth-child(-n+1)') == (
            "e[count(preceding-sibling::*) <= 0]")

        assert xpath('e:nth-child(3n+2)') == (
            "e[count(preceding-sibling::*) >= 1 and "
              "(count(preceding-sibling::*) +2) mod 3 = 0]")
        assert xpath('e:nth-child(3n-2)') == (
            "e[count(preceding-sibling::*) mod 3 = 0]")
        assert xpath('e:nth-child(-n+6)') == (
            "e[count(preceding-sibling::*) <= 5]")

        assert xpath('e:nth-last-child(1)') == (
            "e[count(following-sibling::*) = 0]")
        assert xpath('e:nth-last-child(2n)') == (
            "e[(count(following-sibling::*) +1) mod 2 = 0]")
        assert xpath('e:nth-last-child(2n+1)') == (
            "e[count(following-sibling::*) mod 2 = 0]")
        assert xpath('e:nth-last-child(2n+2)') == (
            "e[count(following-sibling::*) >= 1 and "
              "(count(following-sibling::*) +1) mod 2 = 0]")
        assert xpath('e:nth-last-child(3n+1)') == (
            "e[count(following-sibling::*) mod 3 = 0]")
        # represents the two last e elements
        assert xpath('e:nth-last-child(-n+2)') == (
            "e[count(following-sibling::*) <= 1]")

        assert xpath('e:nth-of-type(1)') == (
            "e[count(preceding-sibling::e) = 0]")
        assert xpath('e:nth-last-of-type(1)') == (
            "e[count(following-sibling::e) = 0]")
        assert xpath('div e:nth-last-of-type(1) .aclass') == (
            "div/descendant-or-self::*/e[count(following-sibling::e) = 0]"
               "/descendant-or-self::*/*[@class and contains("
               "concat(' ', normalize-space(@class), ' '), ' aclass ')]")

        assert xpath('e:first-child') == (
            "e[count(preceding-sibling::*) = 0]")
        assert xpath('e:last-child') == (
            "e[count(following-sibling::*) = 0]")
        assert xpath('e:first-of-type') == (
            "e[count(preceding-sibling::e) = 0]")
        assert xpath('e:last-of-type') == (
            "e[count(following-sibling::e) = 0]")
        assert xpath('e:only-child') == (
            "e[count(parent::*/child::*) = 1]")
        assert xpath('e:only-of-type') == (
            "e[count(parent::*/child::e) = 1]")
        assert xpath('e:empty') == (
            "e[not(*) and not(string-length())]")
        assert xpath('e:EmPTY') == (
            "e[not(*) and not(string-length())]")
        assert xpath('e:root') == (
            "e[not(parent::*)]")
        assert xpath('e:hover') == (
            "e[0]")  # never matches
        assert xpath('e:contains("foo")') == (
            "e[contains(., 'foo')]")
        assert xpath('e:ConTains(foo)') == (
            "e[contains(., 'foo')]")
        assert xpath('e.warning') == (
            "e[@class and contains("
               "concat(' ', normalize-space(@class), ' '), ' warning ')]")
        assert xpath('e#myid') == (
            "e[@id = 'myid']")
        assert xpath('e:not(:nth-child(odd))') == (
            "e[not(count(preceding-sibling::*) mod 2 = 0)]")
        assert xpath('e:nOT(*)') == (
            "e[0]")  # never matches
        assert xpath('e f') == (
            "e/descendant-or-self::*/f")
        assert xpath('e > f') == (
            "e/f")
        assert xpath('e + f') == (
            "e/following-sibling::*[name() = 'f' and (position() = 1)]")
        assert xpath('e ~ f') == (
            "e/following-sibling::f")
        assert xpath('e ~ f:nth-child(3)') == (
            "e/following-sibling::f[count(preceding-sibling::*) = 2]")
        assert xpath('div#container p') == (
            "div[@id = 'container']/descendant-or-self::*/p")

        # Invalid characters in XPath element names
        assert xpath(r'di\a0 v') == (
            u("*[name() = 'di v']"))  # di\xa0v
        assert xpath(r'di\[v') == (
            "*[name() = 'di[v']")
        assert xpath(r'[h\a0 ref]') == (
            u("*[attribute::*[name() = 'h ref']]"))  # h\xa0ref
        assert xpath(r'[h\]ref]') == (
            "*[attribute::*[name() = 'h]ref']]")

        self.assertRaises(ExpressionError, xpath, u(':fİrst-child'))
        self.assertRaises(ExpressionError, xpath, ':first-of-type')
        self.assertRaises(ExpressionError, xpath, ':only-of-type')
        self.assertRaises(ExpressionError, xpath, ':last-of-type')
        self.assertRaises(ExpressionError, xpath, ':nth-of-type(1)')
        self.assertRaises(ExpressionError, xpath, ':nth-last-of-type(1)')
        self.assertRaises(ExpressionError, xpath, ':nth-child(n-)')
        self.assertRaises(ExpressionError, xpath, ':after')
        self.assertRaises(ExpressionError, xpath, ':lorem-ipsum')
        self.assertRaises(ExpressionError, xpath, ':lorem(ipsum)')
        self.assertRaises(ExpressionError, xpath, '::lorem-ipsum')
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, GenericTranslator().css_to_xpath, 4)
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, GenericTranslator().selector_to_xpath,
            'foo')

    def test_unicode(self):
        if sys.version_info[0] < 3:
            css = '.a\xc1b'.decode('ISO-8859-1')
        else:
            css = '.a\xc1b'

        xpath = GenericTranslator().css_to_xpath(css)
        assert css[1:] in xpath
        xpath = xpath.encode('ascii', 'xmlcharrefreplace').decode('ASCII')
        assert xpath == (
            "descendant-or-self::*[@class and contains("
            "concat(' ', normalize-space(@class), ' '), ' a&#193;b ')]")

    def test_quoting(self):
        css_to_xpath = GenericTranslator().css_to_xpath
        assert css_to_xpath('*[aval="\'"]') == (
            '''descendant-or-self::*[@aval = "'"]''')
        assert css_to_xpath('*[aval="\'\'\'"]') == (
            """descendant-or-self::*[@aval = "'''"]""")
        assert css_to_xpath('*[aval=\'"\']') == (
            '''descendant-or-self::*[@aval = '"']''')
        assert css_to_xpath('*[aval=\'"""\']') == (
            '''descendant-or-self::*[@aval = '"""']''')

    def test_unicode_escapes(self):
        # \22 == '"'  \20 == ' '
        css_to_xpath = GenericTranslator().css_to_xpath
        assert css_to_xpath(r'*[aval="\'\22\'"]') == (
            '''descendant-or-self::*[@aval = concat("'",'"',"'")]''')
        assert css_to_xpath(r'*[aval="\'\22 2\'"]') == (
            '''descendant-or-self::*[@aval = concat("'",'"2',"'")]''')
        assert css_to_xpath(r'*[aval="\'\20  \'"]') == (
            '''descendant-or-self::*[@aval = "'  '"]''')
        assert css_to_xpath('*[aval="\'\\20\r\n \'"]') == (
            '''descendant-or-self::*[@aval = "'  '"]''')

    def test_xpath_pseudo_elements(self):
        class CustomTranslator(GenericTranslator):
            def xpath_pseudo_element(self, xpath, pseudo_element):
                if isinstance(pseudo_element, FunctionalPseudoElement):
                    method = 'xpath_%s_functional_pseudo_element' % (
                        pseudo_element.name.replace('-', '_'))
                    method = _unicode_safe_getattr(self, method, None)
                    if not method:
                        raise ExpressionError(
                            "The functional pseudo-element ::%s() is unknown"
                        % pseudo_element.name)
                    xpath = method(xpath, pseudo_element.arguments)
                else:
                    method = 'xpath_%s_simple_pseudo_element' % (
                        pseudo_element.replace('-', '_'))
                    method = _unicode_safe_getattr(self, method, None)
                    if not method:
                        raise ExpressionError(
                            "The pseudo-element ::%s is unknown"
                            % pseudo_element)
                    xpath = method(xpath)
                return xpath

            # functional pseudo-class:
            # elements that have a certain number of attributes
            def xpath_nb_attr_function(self, xpath, function):
                nb_attributes = int(function.arguments[0].value)
                return xpath.add_condition(
                    "count(@*)=%d" % nb_attributes)

            # pseudo-class:
            # elements that have 5 attributes
            def xpath_five_attributes_pseudo(self, xpath):
                return xpath.add_condition("count(@*)=5")

            # functional pseudo-element:
            # element's attribute by name
            def xpath_attr_functional_pseudo_element(self, xpath, arguments):
                attribute_name = arguments[0].value
                other = XPathExpr('@%s' % attribute_name, '', )
                return xpath.join('/', other)

            # pseudo-element:
            # element's text() nodes
            def xpath_text_node_simple_pseudo_element(self, xpath):
                other = XPathExpr('text()', '', )
                return xpath.join('/', other)

            # pseudo-element:
            # element's href attribute
            def xpath_attr_href_simple_pseudo_element(self, xpath):
                other = XPathExpr('@href', '', )
                return xpath.join('/', other)

        def xpath(css):
            return _unicode(CustomTranslator().css_to_xpath(css))

        assert xpath(':five-attributes') == "descendant-or-self::*[count(@*)=5]"
        assert xpath(':nb-attr(3)') == "descendant-or-self::*[count(@*)=3]"
        assert xpath('::attr(href)') == "descendant-or-self::*/@href"
        assert xpath('::text-node') == "descendant-or-self::*/text()"
        assert xpath('::attr-href') == "descendant-or-self::*/@href"
        assert xpath('p img::attr(src)') == (
            "descendant-or-self::p/descendant-or-self::*/img/@src")

    def test_series(self):
        def series(css):
            selector, = parse(':nth-child(%s)' % css)
            args = selector.parsed_tree.arguments
            try:
                return parse_series(args)
            except ValueError:
                return None

        assert series('1n+3') == (1, 3)
        assert series('1n +3') == (1, 3)
        assert series('1n + 3') == (1, 3)
        assert series('1n+ 3') == (1, 3)
        assert series('1n-3') == (1, -3)
        assert series('1n -3') == (1, -3)
        assert series('1n - 3') == (1, -3)
        assert series('1n- 3') == (1, -3)
        assert series('n-5') == (1, -5)
        assert series('odd') == (2, 1)
        assert series('even') == (2, 0)
        assert series('3n') == (3, 0)
        assert series('n') == (1, 0)
        assert series('+n') == (1, 0)
        assert series('-n') == (-1, 0)
        assert series('5') == (0, 5)
        assert series('foo') is None
        assert series('n+') is None

    def test_lang(self):
        document = etree.fromstring(XMLLANG_IDS)
        sort_key = dict(
            (el, count) for count, el in enumerate(document.getiterator())
        ).__getitem__
        css_to_xpath = GenericTranslator().css_to_xpath

        def langid(selector):
            xpath = css_to_xpath(selector)
            items = document.xpath(xpath)
            items.sort(key=sort_key)
            return [element.get('id', 'nil') for element in items]

        assert langid(':lang("EN")') == ['first', 'second', 'third', 'fourth']
        assert langid(':lang("en-us")') == ['second', 'fourth']
        assert langid(':lang(en-nz)') == ['third']
        assert langid(':lang(fr)') == ['fifth']
        assert langid(':lang(ru)') == ['sixth']
        assert langid(":lang('ZH')") == ['eighth']
        assert langid(':lang(de) :lang(zh)') == ['eighth']
        assert langid(':lang(en), :lang(zh)') == [
            'first', 'second', 'third', 'fourth', 'eighth']
        assert langid(':lang(es)') == []

    def test_select(self):
        document = etree.fromstring(HTML_IDS)
        sort_key = dict(
            (el, count) for count, el in enumerate(document.getiterator())
        ).__getitem__
        css_to_xpath = GenericTranslator().css_to_xpath
        html_css_to_xpath = HTMLTranslator().css_to_xpath

        def select_ids(selector, html_only):
            xpath = css_to_xpath(selector)
            items = document.xpath(xpath)
            if html_only:
                assert items == []
                xpath = html_css_to_xpath(selector)
                items = document.xpath(xpath)
            items.sort(key=sort_key)
            return [element.get('id', 'nil') for element in items]

        def pcss(main, *selectors, **kwargs):
            html_only = kwargs.pop('html_only', False)
            result = select_ids(main, html_only)
            for selector in selectors:
                assert select_ids(selector, html_only) == result
            return result

        all_ids = pcss('*')
        assert all_ids[:6] == [
            'html', 'nil', 'link-href', 'link-nohref', 'nil', 'outer-div']
        assert all_ids[-1:] == ['foobar-span']
        assert pcss('div') == ['outer-div', 'li-div', 'foobar-div']
        assert pcss('DIV', html_only=True) == [
            'outer-div', 'li-div', 'foobar-div']  # case-insensitive in HTML
        assert pcss('div div') == ['li-div']
        assert pcss('div, div div') == ['outer-div', 'li-div', 'foobar-div']
        assert pcss('a[name]') == ['name-anchor']
        assert pcss('a[NAme]', html_only=True) == [
            'name-anchor'] # case-insensitive in HTML:
        assert pcss('a[rel]') == ['tag-anchor', 'nofollow-anchor']
        assert pcss('a[rel="tag"]') == ['tag-anchor']
        assert pcss('a[href*="localhost"]') == ['tag-anchor']
        assert pcss('a[href*=""]') == []
        assert pcss('a[href^="http"]') == ['tag-anchor', 'nofollow-anchor']
        assert pcss('a[href^="http:"]') == ['tag-anchor']
        assert pcss('a[href^=""]') == []
        assert pcss('a[href$="org"]') == ['nofollow-anchor']
        assert pcss('a[href$=""]') == []
        assert pcss('div[foobar~="bc"]', 'div[foobar~="cde"]') == [
            'foobar-div']
        assert pcss('[foobar~="ab bc"]',
                    '[foobar~=""]', '[foobar~=" \t"]') == []
        assert pcss('div[foobar~="cd"]') == []
        assert pcss('*[lang|="En"]', '[lang|="En-us"]') == ['second-li']
        # Attribute values are case sensitive
        assert pcss('*[lang|="en"]', '[lang|="en-US"]') == []
        assert pcss('*[lang|="e"]') == []
        # ... :lang() is not.
        assert pcss(':lang("EN")', '*:lang(en-US)', html_only=True) == [
            'second-li', 'li-div']
        assert pcss(':lang("e")', html_only=True) == []

        # --- nth-* and nth-last-* -------------------------------------

        # select nothing
        assert pcss('li:nth-child(-n)') == []
        # select all children
        assert pcss('li:nth-child(n)') == [
            'first-li', 'second-li', 'third-li', 'fourth-li',
            'fifth-li', 'sixth-li', 'seventh-li']

        assert pcss('li:nth-child(3)',
                    '#first-li ~ :nth-child(3)') == ['third-li']
        assert pcss('li:nth-child(10)') == []
        assert pcss('li:nth-child(2n)', 'li:nth-child(even)',
                    'li:nth-child(2n+0)') == [
            'second-li', 'fourth-li', 'sixth-li']
        assert pcss('li:nth-child(+2n+1)', 'li:nth-child(odd)') == [
            'first-li', 'third-li', 'fifth-li', 'seventh-li']
        assert pcss('li:nth-child(2n+4)') == ['fourth-li', 'sixth-li']
        assert pcss('li:nth-child(3n+1)') == [
            'first-li', 'fourth-li', 'seventh-li']
        assert pcss('li:nth-child(-n+3)') == [
            'first-li', 'second-li', 'third-li']
        assert pcss('li:nth-child(-2n+4)') == ['second-li', 'fourth-li']
        assert pcss('li:nth-last-child(0)') == []
        assert pcss('li:nth-last-child(1)') == ['seventh-li']
        assert pcss('li:nth-last-child(2n)', 'li:nth-last-child(even)') == [
            'second-li', 'fourth-li', 'sixth-li']
        assert pcss('li:nth-last-child(2n+1)') == [
            'first-li', 'third-li', 'fifth-li', 'seventh-li']
        assert pcss('li:nth-last-child(2n+2)') == [
            'second-li', 'fourth-li', 'sixth-li']
        assert pcss('li:nth-last-child(3n+1)') == [
            'first-li', 'fourth-li', 'seventh-li']
        assert pcss('ol:first-of-type') == ['first-ol']
        assert pcss('ol:nth-child(1)') == []
        assert pcss('ol:nth-of-type(2)') == ['second-ol']
        assert pcss('ol:nth-last-of-type(1)') == ['second-ol']

        # "+" and "~" tests
        assert pcss('ol#first-ol li + li:nth-child(4)') == ['fourth-li']
        assert pcss('li + li:nth-child(1)') == []
        assert pcss('li ~ li:nth-child(2n+1)') == [
            'third-li', 'fifth-li', 'seventh-li'
        ]   # all but the first
        assert pcss('li ~ li:nth-last-child(2n+1)') == [
            'third-li', 'fifth-li', 'seventh-li'
        ]   # all but the first

        assert pcss('span:only-child') == ['foobar-span']
        assert pcss('li div:only-child') == ['li-div']
        assert pcss('div *:only-child') == ['li-div', 'foobar-span']
        self.assertRaises(ExpressionError, pcss, 'p *:only-of-type')
        assert pcss('p:only-of-type') == ['paragraph']
        assert pcss('a:empty', 'a:EMpty') == ['name-anchor']
        assert pcss('li:empty') == [
            'third-li', 'fourth-li', 'fifth-li', 'sixth-li']
        assert pcss(':root', 'html:root') == ['html']
        assert pcss('li:root', '* :root') == []
        assert pcss('*:contains("link")', ':CONtains("link")') == [
            'html', 'nil', 'outer-div', 'tag-anchor', 'nofollow-anchor']
        assert pcss('*:contains("LInk")') == []  # case sensitive
        assert pcss('*:contains("e")') == [
            'html', 'nil', 'outer-div', 'first-ol', 'first-li',
            'paragraph', 'p-em']
        assert pcss('*:contains("E")') == []  # case-sensitive
        assert pcss('.a', '.b', '*.a', 'ol.a') == ['first-ol']
        assert pcss('.c', '*.c') == ['first-ol', 'third-li', 'fourth-li']
        assert pcss('ol *.c', 'ol li.c', 'li ~ li.c', 'ol > li.c') == [
            'third-li', 'fourth-li']
        assert pcss('#first-li', 'li#first-li', '*#first-li') == ['first-li']
        assert pcss('li div', 'li > div', 'div div') == ['li-div']
        assert pcss('div > div') == []
        assert pcss('div>.c', 'div > .c') == ['first-ol']
        assert pcss('div + div') == ['foobar-div']
        assert pcss('a ~ a') == ['tag-anchor', 'nofollow-anchor']
        assert pcss('a[rel="tag"] ~ a') == ['nofollow-anchor']
        assert pcss('ol#first-ol li:last-child') == ['seventh-li']
        assert pcss('ol#first-ol *:last-child') == ['li-div', 'seventh-li']
        assert pcss('#outer-div:first-child') == ['outer-div']
        assert pcss('#outer-div :first-child') == [
            'name-anchor', 'first-li', 'li-div', 'p-b',
            'checkbox-fieldset-disabled', 'area-href']
        assert pcss('a[href]') == ['tag-anchor', 'nofollow-anchor']
        assert pcss(':not(*)') == []
        assert pcss('a:not([href])') == ['name-anchor']
        assert pcss('ol :Not(li[class])') == [
            'first-li', 'second-li', 'li-div',
            'fifth-li', 'sixth-li', 'seventh-li']
        assert pcss('ol.a.b.c > li.c:nth-child(3)') == ['third-li']

        # Invalid characters in XPath element names, should not crash
        assert pcss(r'di\a0 v', r'div\[') == []
        assert pcss(r'[h\a0 ref]', r'[h\]ref]') == []

        # HTML-specific
        assert pcss(':link', html_only=True) == [
            'link-href', 'tag-anchor', 'nofollow-anchor', 'area-href']
        assert pcss(':visited', html_only=True) == []
        assert pcss(':enabled', html_only=True) == [
            'link-href', 'tag-anchor', 'nofollow-anchor',
            'checkbox-unchecked', 'text-checked', 'checkbox-checked',
            'area-href']
        assert pcss(':disabled', html_only=True) == [
            'checkbox-disabled', 'checkbox-disabled-checked', 'fieldset',
            'checkbox-fieldset-disabled']
        assert pcss(':checked', html_only=True) == [
            'checkbox-checked', 'checkbox-disabled-checked']

    def test_select_shakespeare(self):
        document = html.document_fromstring(HTML_SHAKESPEARE)
        body = document.xpath('//body')[0]
        css_to_xpath = GenericTranslator().css_to_xpath

        try:
            basestring_ = basestring
        except NameError:
            basestring_ = (str, bytes)

        def count(selector):
            xpath = css_to_xpath(selector)
            results = body.xpath(xpath)
            assert not isinstance(results, basestring_)
            found = set()
            for item in results:
                assert item not in found
                found.add(item)
                assert not isinstance(item, basestring_)
            return len(results)

        # Data borrowed from http://mootools.net/slickspeed/

        ## Changed from original; probably because I'm only
        ## searching the body.
        #assert count('*') == 252
        assert count('*') == 246
        assert count('div:contains(CELIA)') == 26
        assert count('div:only-child') == 22 # ?
        assert count('div:nth-child(even)') == 106
        assert count('div:nth-child(2n)') == 106
        assert count('div:nth-child(odd)') == 137
        assert count('div:nth-child(2n+1)') == 137
        assert count('div:nth-child(n)') == 243
        assert count('div:last-child') == 53
        assert count('div:first-child') == 51
        assert count('div > div') == 242
        assert count('div + div') == 190
        assert count('div ~ div') == 190
        assert count('body') == 1
        assert count('body div') == 243
        assert count('div') == 243
        assert count('div div') == 242
        assert count('div div div') == 241
        assert count('div, div, div') == 243
        assert count('div, a, span') == 243
        assert count('.dialog') == 51
        assert count('div.dialog') == 51
        assert count('div .dialog') == 51
        assert count('div.character, div.dialog') == 99
        assert count('div.direction.dialog') == 0
        assert count('div.dialog.direction') == 0
        assert count('div.dialog.scene') == 1
        assert count('div.scene.scene') == 1
        assert count('div.scene .scene') == 0
        assert count('div.direction .dialog ') == 0
        assert count('div .dialog .direction') == 4
        assert count('div.dialog .dialog .direction') == 4
        assert count('#speech5') == 1
        assert count('div#speech5') == 1
        assert count('div #speech5') == 1
        assert count('div.scene div.dialog') == 49
        assert count('div#scene1 div.dialog div') == 142
        assert count('#scene1 #speech1') == 1
        assert count('div[class]') == 103
        assert count('div[class=dialog]') == 50
        assert count('div[class^=dia]') == 51
        assert count('div[class$=log]') == 50
        assert count('div[class*=sce]') == 1
        assert count('div[class|=dialog]') == 50 # ? Seems right
        assert count('div[class!=madeup]') == 243 # ? Seems right
        assert count('div[class~=dialog]') == 51 # ? Seems right

XMLLANG_IDS = '''
<test>
  <a id="first" xml:lang="en">a</a>
  <b id="second" xml:lang="en-US">b</b>
  <c id="third" xml:lang="en-Nz">c</c>
  <d id="fourth" xml:lang="En-us">d</d>
  <e id="fifth" xml:lang="fr">e</e>
  <f id="sixth" xml:lang="ru">f</f>
  <g id="seventh" xml:lang="de">
    <h id="eighth" xml:lang="zh"/>
  </g>
</test>
'''

HTML_IDS = '''
<html id="html"><head>
  <link id="link-href" href="foo" />
  <link id="link-nohref" />
</head><body>
<div id="outer-div">
 <a id="name-anchor" name="foo"></a>
 <a id="tag-anchor" rel="tag" href="http://localhost/foo">link</a>
 <a id="nofollow-anchor" rel="nofollow" href="https://example.org">
    link</a>
 <ol id="first-ol" class="a b c">
   <li id="first-li">content</li>
   <li id="second-li" lang="En-us">
     <div id="li-div">
     </div>
   </li>
   <li id="third-li" class="ab c"></li>
   <li id="fourth-li" class="ab
c"></li>
   <li id="fifth-li"></li>
   <li id="sixth-li"></li>
   <li id="seventh-li">  </li>
 </ol>
 <p id="paragraph">
   <b id="p-b">hi</b> <em id="p-em">there</em>
   <b id="p-b2">guy</b>
   <input type="checkbox" id="checkbox-unchecked" />
   <input type="checkbox" id="checkbox-disabled" disabled="" />
   <input type="text" id="text-checked" checked="checked" />
   <input type="hidden" />
   <input type="hidden" disabled="disabled" />
   <input type="checkbox" id="checkbox-checked" checked="checked" />
   <input type="checkbox" id="checkbox-disabled-checked"
          disabled="disabled" checked="checked" />
   <fieldset id="fieldset" disabled="disabled">
     <input type="checkbox" id="checkbox-fieldset-disabled" />
     <input type="hidden" />
   </fieldset>
 </p>
 <ol id="second-ol">
 </ol>
 <map name="dummymap">
   <area shape="circle" coords="200,250,25" href="foo.html" id="area-href" />
   <area shape="default" id="area-nohref" />
 </map>
</div>
<div id="foobar-div" foobar="ab bc
cde"><span id="foobar-span"></span></div>
</body></html>
'''


HTML_SHAKESPEARE = '''
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
	"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" debug="true">
<head>
	<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
</head>
<body>
	<div id="test">
	<div class="dialog">
	<h2>As You Like It</h2>
	<div id="playwright">
	  by William Shakespeare
	</div>
	<div class="dialog scene thirdClass" id="scene1">
	  <h3>ACT I, SCENE III. A room in the palace.</h3>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div class="direction">Enter CELIA and ROSALIND</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech1" class="character">CELIA</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.1">Why, cousin! why, Rosalind! Cupid have mercy! not a word?</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech2" class="character">ROSALIND</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.2">Not one to throw at a dog.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech3" class="character">CELIA</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.3">No, thy words are too precious to be cast away upon</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.4">curs; throw some of them at me; come, lame me with reasons.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech4" class="character">ROSALIND</div>
	  <div id="speech5" class="character">CELIA</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.8">But is all this for your father?</div>
	  </div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.5">Then there were two cousins laid up; when the one</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.6">should be lamed with reasons and the other mad</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.7">without any.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech6" class="character">ROSALIND</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.9">No, some of it is for my child's father. O, how</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.10">full of briers is this working-day world!</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech7" class="character">CELIA</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.11">They are but burs, cousin, thrown upon thee in</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.12">holiday foolery: if we walk not in the trodden</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.13">paths our very petticoats will catch them.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech8" class="character">ROSALIND</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.14">I could shake them off my coat: these burs are in my heart.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech9" class="character">CELIA</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.15">Hem them away.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech10" class="character">ROSALIND</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.16">I would try, if I could cry 'hem' and have him.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech11" class="character">CELIA</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.17">Come, come, wrestle with thy affections.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech12" class="character">ROSALIND</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.18">O, they take the part of a better wrestler than myself!</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech13" class="character">CELIA</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.19">O, a good wish upon you! you will try in time, in</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.20">despite of a fall. But, turning these jests out of</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.21">service, let us talk in good earnest: is it</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.22">possible, on such a sudden, you should fall into so</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.23">strong a liking with old Sir Rowland's youngest son?</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech14" class="character">ROSALIND</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.24">The duke my father loved his father dearly.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech15" class="character">CELIA</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.25">Doth it therefore ensue that you should love his son</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.26">dearly? By this kind of chase, I should hate him,</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.27">for my father hated his father dearly; yet I hate</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.28">not Orlando.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech16" class="character">ROSALIND</div>
	  <div title="wtf" class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.29">No, faith, hate him not, for my sake.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech17" class="character">CELIA</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.30">Why should I not? doth he not deserve well?</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech18" class="character">ROSALIND</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.31">Let me love him for that, and do you love him</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.32">because I do. Look, here comes the duke.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech19" class="character">CELIA</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.33">With his eyes full of anger.</div>
	  <div class="direction">Enter DUKE FREDERICK, with Lords</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech20" class="character">DUKE FREDERICK</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.34">Mistress, dispatch you with your safest haste</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.35">And get you from our court.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech21" class="character">ROSALIND</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.36">Me, uncle?</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech22" class="character">DUKE FREDERICK</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.37">You, cousin</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.38">Within these ten days if that thou be'st found</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.39">So near our public court as twenty miles,</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.40">Thou diest for it.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech23" class="character">ROSALIND</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.41">                  I do beseech your grace,</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.42">Let me the knowledge of my fault bear with me:</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.43">If with myself I hold intelligence</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.44">Or have acquaintance with mine own desires,</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.45">If that I do not dream or be not frantic,--</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.46">As I do trust I am not--then, dear uncle,</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.47">Never so much as in a thought unborn</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.48">Did I offend your highness.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech24" class="character">DUKE FREDERICK</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.49">Thus do all traitors:</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.50">If their purgation did consist in words,</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.51">They are as innocent as grace itself:</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.52">Let it suffice thee that I trust thee not.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech25" class="character">ROSALIND</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.53">Yet your mistrust cannot make me a traitor:</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.54">Tell me whereon the likelihood depends.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech26" class="character">DUKE FREDERICK</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.55">Thou art thy father's daughter; there's enough.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech27" class="character">ROSALIND</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.56">So was I when your highness took his dukedom;</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.57">So was I when your highness banish'd him:</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.58">Treason is not inherited, my lord;</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.59">Or, if we did derive it from our friends,</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.60">What's that to me? my father was no traitor:</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.61">Then, good my liege, mistake me not so much</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.62">To think my poverty is treacherous.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech28" class="character">CELIA</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.63">Dear sovereign, hear me speak.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech29" class="character">DUKE FREDERICK</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.64">Ay, Celia; we stay'd her for your sake,</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.65">Else had she with her father ranged along.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech30" class="character">CELIA</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.66">I did not then entreat to have her stay;</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.67">It was your pleasure and your own remorse:</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.68">I was too young that time to value her;</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.69">But now I know her: if she be a traitor,</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.70">Why so am I; we still have slept together,</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.71">Rose at an instant, learn'd, play'd, eat together,</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.72">And wheresoever we went, like Juno's swans,</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.73">Still we went coupled and inseparable.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech31" class="character">DUKE FREDERICK</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.74">She is too subtle for thee; and her smoothness,</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.75">Her very silence and her patience</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.76">Speak to the people, and they pity her.</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.77">Thou art a fool: she robs thee of thy name;</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.78">And thou wilt show more bright and seem more virtuous</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.79">When she is gone. Then open not thy lips:</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.80">Firm and irrevocable is my doom</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.81">Which I have pass'd upon her; she is banish'd.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech32" class="character">CELIA</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.82">Pronounce that sentence then on me, my liege:</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.83">I cannot live out of her company.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech33" class="character">DUKE FREDERICK</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.84">You are a fool. You, niece, provide yourself:</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.85">If you outstay the time, upon mine honour,</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.86">And in the greatness of my word, you die.</div>
	  <div class="direction">Exeunt DUKE FREDERICK and Lords</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech34" class="character">CELIA</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.87">O my poor Rosalind, whither wilt thou go?</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.88">Wilt thou change fathers? I will give thee mine.</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.89">I charge thee, be not thou more grieved than I am.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech35" class="character">ROSALIND</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.90">I have more cause.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech36" class="character">CELIA</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.91">                  Thou hast not, cousin;</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.92">Prithee be cheerful: know'st thou not, the duke</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.93">Hath banish'd me, his daughter?</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech37" class="character">ROSALIND</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.94">That he hath not.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech38" class="character">CELIA</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.95">No, hath not? Rosalind lacks then the love</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.96">Which teacheth thee that thou and I am one:</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.97">Shall we be sunder'd? shall we part, sweet girl?</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.98">No: let my father seek another heir.</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.99">Therefore devise with me how we may fly,</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.100">Whither to go and what to bear with us;</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.101">And do not seek to take your change upon you,</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.102">To bear your griefs yourself and leave me out;</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.103">For, by this heaven, now at our sorrows pale,</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.104">Say what thou canst, I'll go along with thee.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech39" class="character">ROSALIND</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.105">Why, whither shall we go?</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech40" class="character">CELIA</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.106">To seek my uncle in the forest of Arden.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech41" class="character">ROSALIND</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.107">Alas, what danger will it be to us,</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.108">Maids as we are, to travel forth so far!</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.109">Beauty provoketh thieves sooner than gold.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech42" class="character">CELIA</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.110">I'll put myself in poor and mean attire</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.111">And with a kind of umber smirch my face;</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.112">The like do you: so shall we pass along</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.113">And never stir assailants.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech43" class="character">ROSALIND</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.114">Were it not better,</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.115">Because that I am more than common tall,</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.116">That I did suit me all points like a man?</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.117">A gallant curtle-axe upon my thigh,</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.118">A boar-spear in my hand; and--in my heart</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.119">Lie there what hidden woman's fear there will--</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.120">We'll have a swashing and a martial outside,</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.121">As many other mannish cowards have</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.122">That do outface it with their semblances.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech44" class="character">CELIA</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.123">What shall I call thee when thou art a man?</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech45" class="character">ROSALIND</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.124">I'll have no worse a name than Jove's own page;</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.125">And therefore look you call me Ganymede.</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.126">But what will you be call'd?</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech46" class="character">CELIA</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.127">Something that hath a reference to my state</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.128">No longer Celia, but Aliena.</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech47" class="character">ROSALIND</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.129">But, cousin, what if we assay'd to steal</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.130">The clownish fool out of your father's court?</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.131">Would he not be a comfort to our travel?</div>
	  </div>
	  <div id="speech48" class="character">CELIA</div>
	  <div class="dialog">
	  <div id="scene1.3.132">He'll go along o'er the wide world with me;</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.133">Leave me alone to woo him. Let's away,</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.134">And get our jewels and our wealth together,</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.135">Devise the fittest time and safest way</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.136">To hide us from pursuit that will be made</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.137">After my flight. Now go we in content</div>
	  <div id="scene1.3.138">To liberty and not to banishment.</div>
	  <div class="direction">Exeunt</div>
	  </div>
	</div>
	</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
'''


if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()