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John Daggett
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css3-fonts/Fonts.html

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<h1>CSS Fonts Module Level 3</h1>
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<h2 class="no-num no-toc" id=editors>Editor's Draft 26 March 2010</h2>
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<h2 class="no-num no-toc" id=editors>Editor's Draft 5 April 2010</h2>
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<dl id=authors>
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<dt>This version:
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<dd><a
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href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css3-fonts/">http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css3-fonts/</a>
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<!-- <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/ED-css3-fonts-20100326">http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/ED-css3-fonts-20100326</a> -->
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<!-- <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/ED-css3-fonts-20100405">http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/ED-css3-fonts-20100405</a> -->
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<dt>Latest version:
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the font-kerning property</a>
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<li><a href="#character-transform-prop"><span class=secno>6.2
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</span>Positional character forms: the character-transform property</a>
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</span>Subscript, superscript and ordinal forms: the
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character-transform property</a>
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<li><a href="#font-variant-ligatures-prop"><span class=secno>6.3
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</span>Ligatures: the font-variant-ligatures property</a>
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languages, not just Russian.
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<p>Fonts provide a character map that details the set of characters for
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they have glyphs. If a document contains characters not supported by a
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specified font, a user agent may revert to a system font fallback
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which they have glyphs. If a document contains characters not supported by
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a specified font, a user agent may revert to a system font fallback
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procedure to find glyphs to render these characters correctly. If no font
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can be found, some form of "missing glyph" character is rendered by the
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user agent. Often these are the result of encoding errors caused by
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<pre>body {
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font-family: Helvetica, Verdana, sans-serif;
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}</pre>
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</div>
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<p>If Helvetica is available it will be used when rendering. If neither
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Helvetica or Verdana is present, then the user agent defined sans serif
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font will be used.
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<p>If Helvetica is available it will be used when rendering. If neither
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Helvetica nor Verdana is present, then the user-agent-defined sans serif
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font will be used.</p>
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</div>
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<p>There are two types of font family names:
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class=property><a href="#fantasy">fantasy</a></code>’, and ‘<code
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class=property><a href="#monospace">monospace</a></code>’. These
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keywords can be used as a general fallback mechanism when an author's
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desired font choices are not available. As keywords, they should not be
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desired font choices are not available. As keywords, they must not be
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quoted. Authors are encouraged to append a generic font family as a last
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alternative for improved robustness.
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</dl>
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<p>The following table provides user agent's guideline for the
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absolute-size scaling factor and their mapping to XHTML heading and
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absolute font-sizes. The ‘<code class=property>medium</code>’ value is
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used as the reference middle value. The user agent may fine tune these
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used as the reference middle value. The user agent may fine-tune these
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values for different fonts or different types of display devices.
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<table class=data>
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href="#propdef-font-variant">font-variant</a></code></span> and <span
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class=property><code class=property><a
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href="#descdef-font-weight">font-weight</a></code></span> explicitly,
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so these properties receive their initial values so this property
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receives its initial value (‘<code class=property>normal</code>’).
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Notice that the font family name "new century schoolbook", which contains
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spaces, is enclosed in quotes. The fourth rule sets the <span
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class=property><code class=property><a
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so these properties receive their initial values (‘<code
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class=property>normal</code>’). Notice that the font family name "new
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century schoolbook", which contains spaces, is enclosed in quotes. The
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fourth rule sets the <span class=property><code class=property><a
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href="#descdef-font-weight">font-weight</a></code></span> to ‘<code
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class=property>bold</code>’, the <span class=property><code
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class=property><a
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</table>
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<p>This descriptor specifies the resource containing font data. It is
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required, whether the font is downloadable or locally installed. It's
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value is a prioritized, comma-separated list of external references or
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locally installed font face names. When a font is needed the user agent
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iterates over the set of references listed, using the first one it can
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successfully activate. Fonts containing invalid data are treated as if
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they were not found, the user agent loads the next font in the list.
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required, whether the font is downloadable or locally installed. Its value
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is a prioritized, comma-separated list of external references or locally
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installed font face names. When a font is needed the user agent iterates
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over the set of references listed, using the first one it can successfully
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activate. Fonts containing invalid data are treated as if they were not
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found, the user agent loads the next font in the list.
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<p>External references consist of a URI, followed by an optional hint
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regarding the format of the font resource referenced by that URI. The
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defined in the font name table is used to reference a given face. In cases
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where multiple localizations are supported, the English version is used or
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the first localization when an English fullname is not available. User
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agents that also match other non-English fullnames, matching the Dutch
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name when the current system locale is set to Dutch, are considered
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agents that also match other non-English fullnames, e.g. matching the
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Dutch name when the current system locale is set to Dutch, are considered
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non-conformant. This is done to avoid matching inconsistencies across font
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versions and OS platforms, since font style names (e.g. Bold) are
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frequently localized into many languages and the set of languages
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clipped to the domain of Unicode code points (currently 0 - 10FFFF
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inclusive); a range entirely outside the domain is omitted. Without any
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valid ranges, the descriptor is omitted. User agents may normalize the
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list of ranges into a list that is different but represents the equivalent
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set of character code points.
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list of ranges into a list that is different but represents the same set
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of character code points.
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<p>The character range can be a subset of the full character map of the
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underlying font. The effective unicode-range used when mapping characters
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Japanese font, U+3000-9FFF and U+ff??, does not include U+21E8, so the
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user agent does not download the Japanese font. Next the fallback font is
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considered. The @font-face rule for the fallback font does not define
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unicode-range so it's value defaults to the range of all Unicode code
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unicode-range so its value defaults to the range of all Unicode code
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points. The fallback font is downloaded and used to render the arrow
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character.</p>
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</div>
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<li>If no matching face exists or the matched face does not contain a
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glyph for the character to be rendered, the next family name is selected
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and the previous two steps repeated. If the matched font is defined via
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an @font-face rule, the font resource is downloaded. Otherwise if the
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matched font is defined via @font-face and needs to be downloaded, the
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user agent can either wait until the font is downloaded or render once
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with substituted font metrics and render again once the font is
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downloaded. <!--
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Old wording: The UA may choose to block on this download or may
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choose to proceed to the next step while the font downloads. UAs that
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do not implement font download, or are not connected to a network, or
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where the user preferences have disabled font download, or where the
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requested resource is unavailable for whatever reason, or where the
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downloaded font cannot be used for whatever reason, are considered to
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fail at this step.
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-->
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an @font-face rule, the font resource is downloaded. If the matched font
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is defined via @font-face and needs to be downloaded, the user agent can
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either wait until the font is downloaded or render once with substituted
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font metrics and render again once the font is downloaded.
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<li>If there are no more font families to be evaluated and no matching
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face has been found, then the user agent performs a system font fallback
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or more mutually exclusive values are used together (e.g. ‘<code
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class=property><a href="#common-ligatures">common-ligatures</a></code>
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and ‘<code class=property><a
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href="#no-common-ligatures">no-common-ligatures</a></code>’), the latter
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href="#no-common-ligatures">no-common-ligatures</a></code>’), the last
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value is used when rendering text.
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<p>Like other font properties, font feature properties apply independent of
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adjustments are made after kerning has been applied.</p>
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<!-- prop: character-transform -->
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<h3 id=character-transform-prop><span class=secno>6.2 </span>Positional
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character forms: the <a
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<h3 id=character-transform-prop><span class=secno>6.2 </span>Subscript,
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superscript and ordinal forms: the <a
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href="#propdef-character-transform">character-transform</a> property</h3>
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<table class=propdef id=namecharacter-transform>
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<dt><dfn id=small-caps>small-caps</dfn>
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<dd>Enables display of small capitals (OpenType feature:
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<code>smcp</code>). Small-caps glyphs are typically use the form of
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uppercase letters but are reduced to the size of lowercase letters.
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<code>smcp</code>). Small-caps glyphs typically use the form of uppercase
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letters but are reduced to the size of lowercase letters.
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</dl>
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<div class=featex><img alt="small-caps example" src=smcp.png></div>
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due to this property while a string value defines a specific set of font
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settings to be used when rendering. A null string is equivalent to
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specifying a value of ‘<code class=property>normal</code>’. This
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property only affects font rendering, it's value does not affect font
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property only affects font rendering, its value does not affect font
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selection.
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<p>The string used is specific to the type of font used. For OpenType
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<td>as specified
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</table>
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<p>The value of ‘<code class=property>normal</code>’ implies that the
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when rendering with OpenType fonts the language of the document is used to
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<p>The value of ‘<code class=property>normal</code>’ implies that when
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rendering with OpenType fonts the language of the document is used to
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infer the OpenType language system, used to select language specific
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features when rendering. The value of the &lt;string&gt; is a single
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three-letter OpenType <a
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<li>If the font is defined via an @font-face rule, the font features
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implied by the font-feature-settings descriptor in the @font-face rule.
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<li>Font features implied by the value of ‘<code class=property><a
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<li>Font features implied by the value of the <code class=property><a
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href="#propdef-font-variant">font-variant</a></code>’ property, the
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related font-variant subproperties and any other CSS property that may
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use OpenType features (e.g. the ‘<code class=property><a
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Arabic and Devanagari requires features present only in OpenType or AAT
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fonts. Currently, complex script rendering is supported on Windows and
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Linux using OpenType font features while AAT font features are used under
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Mac OS X. Apple has indicated it intends support complex script rendering
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using OpenType font features in the future.
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Mac OS X. Apple has indicated it intends to support complex script
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rendering using OpenType font features in the future.
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<h2 class=no-num id=font-licensing>Appendix C: Font licensing issues</h2>
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the scope of the font license. Many commercial fonts presently do not
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allow web downloading of their fonts in any form. Font formats often store
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references to the font license within the font data itself. When in doubt,
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it's best to verify with the font designer directly. Vendors that bundle
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it is best to verify with the font designer directly. Vendors that bundle
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fonts with their products are also strongly encouraged to carefully
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explain the license details that covers the fonts they bundle.
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