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Viking's Landing Sequence

In this 1976 illustration, the Entry, Descent, and Landing (EDL) sequences for the Viking 1 and 2 landers is shown.

 

The Viking landers touched down on Mars in 1976 using heat shields, parachutes, and retrorockets. Despite using large parachutes, the large Viking landers fired retrorockets at the end to land at a safe speed. This complex combination has been followed by almost every mission since, but subsequent missions have innovated in the landing segment. The 1997 Mars Pathfinder mission added airbags in conjunction with parachutes and retrorockets to safely bounce its way to a landing on the Martian surface. Then three sturdy “petals” ensured the lander was pushed into an upright position after landing on an ancient floodplain. The Opportunity and Spirit missions used a very similar method to place their rovers on the Martian surface in 2004. Phoenix (2008) and Insight (2018) actually utilized Viking-style landings.

 

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Credit: NASA/JPL/MSSS

Image Number: SL69-339

Date: 1976

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Uploaded on August 20, 2024
Taken sometime in 1976