Common © UTS inCommon Errors in English Paul Hancock Penguin Quick Guides Series Editors: Andy Hopkins and Jocelyn Potter PENGUIN ENGLISHPearson Education Limited Edinburgh Gate Harlow Essex CM20 2JE, England and Associated Companies throughout the world, ISBN 978-0-582-46894-8 First published 2001 791086 Copyright © Paul Hancock 2001 The moral right of the author has been asserted. Produced for the publisher by Bluestone Press, Charlbury, UK. Designed and typeset by White Horse Graphics, Charlbury, UK. Illustrations by Anthony Maher (Graham-Cameron Illustration). Photography by Patrick Ellis. Printed and bound in China EPC/06 All rights reserved; no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the Publishers. Published by Pearson Education Limited in association with Penguin Books Ltd, both companies being subsidiaries of Pearson ple. For a complete list of the titles available from Penguin English visit our website at www.penguinenglish.com, or please write to your local Pearson Education office or to: Penguin English Marketing Department, Pearson Education, Edinburgh Gate, Harlow, Essex CM20 2JE. Contents Getting started 7 1 Moving around i Away from home stranger/foreigner + usual/common strange/foreign Travel travel/travelling + journey/voyage/flight + tour/trip street/road Here and there bring/take + come back/go back Outside world nature/the country + landscape/scenery camping/campsite + shadow/shade Small words by/with my car + by/on foot « in/to Spain arrive to/in/at + opposite/in front of School and work 25 Education student/child/pupil + teacher/professor learn/teach + class/classroom Work and jobs work as/like + work/job/occupation Companies chief/manager + labourer/worker work in/for + personal/personnel Money pay/buy + wage/salary * rise/raise price/cost of living Words that go together make + do + take * have3 Home life 37 Family am/was born ¢ grow up/grow « parents/relatives strong/strict Home and away rest/stay * house/home arrive/return/get/come home Guests for dinner kitchen/food + cooker/cook + clean/tidy Meals plate/dish + food/meal + desert/dessert eat/have breakfast Small words care about/take care of + married with/to good in/at + look for/after People 49 Character relations/relationship + how is she?/ what’s she like? + sympathetic/nice + know/get to know Describing people high/tall + small/short + hairs/hair she has 16 years/she is 16 Clothes trouser/trousers * match/suit/fit + cloth/clothes Communication watch/see « say/tell + explain hear/listen to Small words remind of/about + by/on my own think about/of + shout at/to Problems 61 Losing things steal/rob/burgle + forget/leave remember/remind = lose/waste time Difficult feelings frightened/frightening nervous/bad-tempered * nervous/nerves Life’s difficulties support/put up with can’t suffer/bear/stand ° difficulty/problem make/cause trouble Medical problems wounded/injured ¢ sick/ill + cure/treat receipt/prescription Small words search/search for + throw at/to killed by/with Time 73 When exactly? in/on + next/this + the day after tomorrow Planning time agenda/diary - timetable/schedule/itinerary occupied/busy Periods of time for/during ¢ since/for + before/ago Night time night/evening + yesterday evening/last night goodnight/good evening New and old last/latest + old-fashioned/out of date actual/current + actually/at the moment Linkers 85 Begin and end at first/first + at/in the end ° at last/finally One after another after ... -ing + after/afterwards after/in ¢ after all/in the end Saying more also « furthermore/what’s more Opposite ideas on the other side/hand » although however * despite/in spite of Why? so that/so + for learning/to learn8 Grammar I 99 In the middle? present simple and continuous past simple and continuous = stative verbs Past and present past simple/present perfect present perfect simple and continuous Changing habits used to do/to be used to doing Futures will/going to/present continuous/present simple If... conditionals 9 Grammar II WW You mustn’t get this wrong! don’t have to/mustn’t must/have to * mustn’t be/can’t be Do you or would you? | like/I’d like + prefer/rather To or -ing? 1 stop/remember/try to do/doing + suggest To or -ing? 2 adjectives and verbs followed by to + verb/-ing Word order position of adverbs 10 Grammar Ill 123 Good and well too/very - enough + such/so adjectives and adverbs Good and better comparative and superlative adjectives Much or many? little/few/a few + much/a lot of Aand the articles Too many words! negatives + pronouns * to beHow can this book help you? Everyone who learns English makes the same mistakes at first, and this book shows you examples of these mistakes and how to correct them. Many of the mistakes are illustrated, so you can see exactly what people are really saying when they make them! This helps you to understand why they’re wrong, and to stop making them. What’s in this book? There are ten chapters covering different areas, such as travel, work, education and family. Each chapter has five sections and altogether there are more than 300 examples of typical mistakes, including confused words, prepositions and grammar. There are also Review exercises to give you more practice in noticing mistakes and saying what you want to say correctly. Why is it called a Quick Guide? The explanations of the mistakes are short and simple. Each page can be studied on its own, and because there are not too many examples on one page, you can choose any page and spend a few minutes learning about those mistakes. You'll learn more by doing some quick study like this regularly. Try looking at a few mistakes every day and see how you begin to remember them. How to use the book * Choose a section which interests you. Enjoy the illustration and then read the explanation and the other examples on that page. a od oeThe following symbols are used: X asentence containing an error ! a sentence that is not incorrect but is often used incorrectly VY acorrect sentence. Look at the mistakes again and cover the explanations so that you can’t see them. Can you 3 remember why it’s a mistake and how to correct it? Keep testing yourself like this until you : remember and are ready to move on to another ) section. * Do the Review exercises and check the Answers section at the back of the book. * Go to the Index and write down the examples in your own language. I hope you find the book both useful and amusing!Away. from home * It was interesting to have class discussions with other strangers. Strangers are people you’ve never met before. stranger People of other nationalities are foreigners, but this is often used negatively, so avoid it. foreigner We don’t want foreigners here! v It was interesting to have class usual 5 5 i discussions with people from other common countries. strange ee pe ox John is a very usual name in Britain. foreign For many examples of something, say common, not usual. V John is a very common name in Britain. 1D 8 There were a lot of strange students in the class. X There were a lot of strange students in my class. Something strange is not normal and makes you uncomfortable. Students from other countries are foreign students. V There were a lot of foreign students in my class. 3X The streets between Oxford and Bath are beautiful. Streets are in towns and villages, with houses on them. Between towns, there are roads. V The roads between Oxford and Bath are beautiful. Travel ! Tlove travel. When you are speaking generally, it is more common to say: Did you have V | love travelling. a good voyage? travel journey | X I’m going on a business travel next a week. me Travel is uncountable (without a). You can goon tour or make a journey. If you go and come back after a short time, it’s called a trip. Street | “I’m going on a business trip next road week. flight | ¥ We went ona journey round the city by bus. ! Did you have a good voyage? If you visit a lot of different places by bus, it is Voyage is an old-fashioned word for long journeys by ship. called a tour. V Did you have a good journey/flight? V We went on a bus tour round the city. 14 15¥ TL have to take a lot of books with me when I go back to France. Here and there X I'll have to bring a lot of books with me when I come back to France. This is wrong if you’re in Britain and talking to someone in Britain. You usually come to and bring things to the place ~ where you are speaking. | V1 brought a lot of clothes with me when I came to England. You usually go to and take things to a different place from the place where you are speaking. come (back) bring take go (back)If you're talking to someone about a time when you will be in another place, you can use come and bring. VT have to bring a lot of books with me when I come back to Italy. ¥ You must come and visit me innature the country landscape scenery camping campsite shadow shade 20 Outside world X T love going for walks in nature. Nature is the world of plants and animals that biologists study. If you love fields and trees, you ” go for walks in the country. V1 love going for walks in the country. ! The landscape in the Lake District is very beautiful. Landscape is normally used by artists or geographers. When you go to the country you enjoy the beautiful scenery. WV The scenery in the Lake District is very beautiful. X We found a camping near the town. A place to put a tent is a campsite. V We found a campsite near the town. _ My boyfriend sat in the sun and I sat in the shadow. X I sat outside in the shadow. A shadow is made by your body or your hand and is too small to sit in. If it’s too hot, you sit in the shade (made by something bigger — a building or a tree, for example). I sat outside in the shade.by car on foot come to arrive at in front of opposite Small words X She goes to work with her car. This means that the car accompanies you! You go to work by car (without my, her, etc.). ¥ She goes to work by car. X You can get to the hotel by foot. You go by car, by plane, etc., but on foot. V You can get to the hotel on foot. 'X I hope yowll come in Spain soon. You can come and go in a room or house. You travel to a country or town. WI hope you'll come to Spain soon. X She arrived to the office late. You can never arrive to a place. You can arrive in a town or country, or at other places. V She arrived late at the office in Pisa. There’s a cinema in front of my house. ! There’s a cinema in front of my house. If there’s a cinema on the other side of the road, say: v There’s a cinema opposite my house. 23Review. 1 A Choose the correct answer. UP wre Oa NI Treally love (travel/travelling). T enjoy long train (voyages/ journeys). I'm coming to Rome on a business (trip/ travel). Could you give me a (tour/journey) of the city? I'm in Lyon. I hope you can (go/come) here soon, (Take/ Bring) your family with you. We often have (strangers/foreigners/ people from other countries) staying with us, Those clothes are very (usual/common) in Japan. B Complete these sentences. 1 we 4 Only the English sit in the sun in summer. ° The locals sit in the ..... Are you coming .... car or .... foot? I went .... America last year. They arrived .... the station just in time.student child professor teacher learn teach class classroom 26 Education * When I started school aged seven, there were 20 students in my class. Students are older learners, over 16 and usually at university. In school there are schoolchildren 4 or just children (pupils is more formal). Vv... there were 20 children in my class. % My school professors were friendly. Only universities have professors or lecturers. Schools have teachers. My school teachers were friendly. X My English teacher learnt me a lot. Teachers teach you things and you learn them. V My English teacher taught me a lot. X There are some nice pictures in my class. There are some nice pictures in my class. The class is the group of people learning. The place where you lear is the classroom. V There are some nice pictures in my classroom. aWork and jobs I work like a waitress on Fridays, 28 X I work like a waitress on Fridays. In work like, like means similar to e.g. | work like a slave! To tell someone your position at work, use as. VI work as a waitress on Fridays. X I have a good work. Work is uncountable. You can finish some work and then do some different work. A job (architect, teacher etc.) is the same every day. VI have a good job. X I go to my work by bicycle. You go to work, without my, your, his etc. WI go to work by bicycle. { What’s your occupation, David? Occupation is a formal word, usually used in writing (official forms etc.). Use job. V What's your job?/What do you do? work as work job occupation ooCompanies There are two chiefs in my office. X There are two chiefs in my office. You can have a chief executive, or chief accountant, but a chief is usually the leader of a tribe of American Indians. At work you have a boss or a manager. V There are two managers in my office. 30 X The labourers have asked the managers for more money. In industry, pay and conditions are discussed by workers and management. V The workers have asked the management for more money. X I work in a finance company. Use in to say where exactly you work in a company, ¢.g. in the accounts department. To tell someone about your employer: V | work for a finance company. X I work in the personal department. Personal means connected with your private life, e.g. Can / ask you a personal question? The department that helps individuals at work is the personnel department. VI work in the personnel department. chief manager worker management work in/for personal personnel stMoney If you pay the food, Pil buy the drinks. * If you pay the food, ’ll buy the drinks, You have to pay someone for something when you buy it. (You can pay the bilf and pay tax because you don’t buy these things.) “If you pay for the food, P’ll buy the drinks. 32. X Doctors get a good wage. Some workers, usually doing physical jobs, get a weekly wage. Most people nowadays, especially professionals, get a monthly salary. V Doctors get a good salary. X We'll have to rise the price of this product. A price rises when it increases, but if someone increases a price, they raise the price. V We'll have to raise the price of this product. % The price of living is very high in London. You pay a price in order to have something. To say how expensive a city or country is, we say: V The cost of living is very high in London. pay for wage salary rise raise price cost of livingWords that go together I never do mistakes in English! M4 We don’t do a mistake. We don’t make an exercise. We don’t make an exam. We don’t make an interview. ean We make a mistake. We make a speech. We make a phone call. We do an exercise. We do a job or some work. We do business with somebody. We take an exam. We take a course. We take a day off work. We have an interview. We have a lesson. ’ We have a meeting. make do take haveReview 2 A Choose the correct answer. My geography (professor/ teacher) at school was very nice. She (taught/learnt) us a lot. i What (do you do/are you doing)? — I work (in/ fe a television company. ] Jane has two (jobs/works). She works (like/as) a secretary and in a café, 4 He’s the (chieff boss), but he goes (to his/to) wor! by bicycle. | ‘Teachers get a good (salary/ wage) in Japan, bu the (cost/ price) of living is also higher there. ~ N w un B Complete these with make, take or have. 1 Can you .... this exam without .... any mistakes 2 Ifyou .... that exam, you'll .... an interview to test your spoken English. 3 [can’t ....a phone call now, we're .... a meetin:born grow (up) parent relative strong strict My father was very strong with us as children. Family X Tam born in Madrid. In English we see this only as a past action. WI was born in Madrid. % Your children are much taller — they really have grown up. To grow up means to become an adult and act. like one. 4 WI want to be a nurse when I grow up When children get physically bigger, say: ¥ Your children are much taller — they really have grown. ' oe X My father was very strong with us as children. lf someone is strong, it’s a physical characteristic. A person who makes children follow rules is strict. V My father was very strict with us as children. ® I have many parents in my town. You can only have two parents. Other family members are relatives. “I have many relatives in my town. : 39Home and away I'm resting at my friend’s house all week. X I’m resting at my friend’s house all week. You rest when you’re tired. If you’re living in someone’s house, use stay. V I’m staying at my friend’s house all week. X I’m tired. I want to go to my house. You only say my house if you are choosing, e.g. Shall we go to my house, or to yours? When you are tired, you want to go home. VI’m tired. I want to go home. ! See you later. Pll return home at about eight. Return home and arrive home are formal. Informally you can say: VI’ll be home at about eight. (I'll get home/I’ll come home ...) rest stay house home AtGuests for dinner. love the French T really kitchen. ® X I really love the French kitchen. The kitchen is the room where you cook! You can say French cuisine, but you usually say: V1 love French food. (without the) X My sister is a very good cooker. A cooker is a machine (gas or electric)! A person who cooks is a cook. V My sister is a very good cook. ! The guests will be here soon. I'll just clean the living room. We usually clean using water. You can quickly tidy a room by putting everything in its place. VT’ll just tidy the living room. kitchen food cooker cook clean tidyM eC ql ie } ! Pizza followed by ice-cream — that’s : my favourite food. Food is what you buy and can use to make your favourite meal. A meal can have one, two, three or more courses. Delicious! This is my V Pizza followed by ice-cream — that’s __ plate favourite my favourite meal. dish X Would you like some desert? meal | A desert is a place that’s all sand, e.g. the desert Sahara desert. The sweet thing you eat at the end of a meal is the dessert. dessert VY Would you like some dessert? i 7 have breakfast X We don’t usually eat a breakfast. All meals are without a (breakfast, lunch and ei oe ; dinner). Also, you usually say you have X Delicious! This is my favourite plate! ’ breakfast, not eat it. The thing you put food on is called a : plate. When you cook v i . food in a particular way, it's called a dish. y 0! We don’t usually have breakfast. V This is my favourite dish! & absmall words care about take care of married to good at look for look after Jim’s away, so I’m looking for his houseplants. * When my mother went to work, my aunt cared about us. { To care about someone means to have feelings. for them. If you’re physically responsible for someone you take care of them. Vv... my aunt took care of us. X I didn’t know that Anna was married with Paul. You can live with someone, but you are married to somebody. WI didn’t know that Anna was married to Paul. a " - X Jim’s away, so I’m looking for his houseplants. If you look for something, you try to find it If you are responsible for something, you look after it. v... so I’m looking after his houseplants. X My sister is very good in cooking. People are good or bad at something. V My sister is very good at cooking. atReview 3 Complete the gaps. ' T() .... born in Lisbon. My mother had to leave _ (2) .... very early to go to work and she didn’t (3) .... home until late, so my grandmother looked (4) .... us children during the day. Sometimes we (5) .... at my grandmother’s house for the night, but when I was small, I cried because I wanted to go (6) ..... Later, I enjoyed going to her (7) ...., much more than going to my other (8) .... houses, because although she was quite (9) .... with us when we behaved badly, she was good (10) .... playing with children. When I grew (11) .... and left (12) .... to go to university, my grandmother was very sad. She was very happy when I got married (13) .... a boy who lived near her house! g .X [ve never met your sister — how is she? You only ask How is she? if you know her. The answer might be She’s fine/very well. To ask about the character of someone you don’t know, ask: V... what’s she like? Character T have good relations with my father. X I enjoyed meeting your brother at the party — he’s very sympathetic. A sympathetic person understands your problems and feels sorry for you. A person who is easy to like, is very nice or likeable. V... he’s very nice. % It takes a few days to know new people. First you have to get to know new people. After that, you know them. V It takes a few days to get to know new people. X I have good relations with my father. In politics, countries can have good relations with each other, With family and friends you have a good/bad relationship. VI have a good relationship with my father. 50. = relations relationship what’s she like? sympathetic nice get to know atDescribing people My friend is two metres high! 52 X My friend is two metres high! You can talk about a person's height, but you say someone is two metres tall. V My friend is two metres tall! X Pm very tall, but my mother and father are both quite small. Small is the opposite of big or large. The opposite of tall is short. Vv... my mother and father are both quite short. X I’ve got brown hairs. You only say hairs if you can count them, e.g. There are two hairs in my soup! The hair on your head is usually uncountable. WV T’ve got brown hair. X My daughter has 16 years. You can have years of experience, but you say someone is 16 (years old). V My daughter is 16. high tall small short hairs hairtrousers match suit fit cloth clothes ThopeI can find anice cloth to wear. Clothes X This trouser is nice. You can say a pair of trousers, or these trousers (plural). V These trousers are nice. % That dress really matches you. Your jacket can match your trousers, if the colours are similar. If something you wear looks good on you, it suits you. Vv That dress really suits you. X This is the right size — it suits me perfectly. If something you wear is the right size, you say it fits you. V This is the right size — it fits me perfectly. X [hope I can find a nice cloth to wear. Acloth is a piece of material. People wear clothes, but there is no singular. You have to say a dress, a suit etc. In formal language you can talk about an item of clothing. V [hope I can find some nice clothes to wear.Communication watch see say tell explain hear listen to * I watched a car accident yesterday. To watch also means you decide to give your attention to something for some time. You see something even if you don’t want to. WI saw a car accident yesterday. % He said me that I was wrong. You usually use say without me, you etc.: He said that | was wrong. You can talk about what someone said fo you: He said hello to me. If someone gives you information, you say He told me that | was wrong (without to). ¥ He said that I was wrong./He told me that I was wrong. ! T often hear jazz at home. When you hear something, you don’t decide to, it just comes to your ears. When you decide to give your attention for a longer period of time, you listen to something. V1 often listen to jazz at home. % She explained me the problem. You have to say: V She explained the problem to me. eysmall words Peter reminded me of the chicken in the oven. % Peter reminded me of the chicken in the oven. _ f you are reminded of someone or somethi i ity d ething, you think of it because there’s a similarity, e.g. Peter reminds me of my 4 brother — they have very similar faces. If you want to be sure _ someone doesn’t forget something, you remind them about it V Peter reminded me about the chicken ... X I put the tent up all by my own. If there is nobody to help you, you do things on your own or by yourself. VI put the tent up all on my own. ! Our secretary is thinking about leaving. If you're thinking about something, it is happening in your head at this moment, e.g. You look worried, Steven. What are you thinking about? If you have a plan but you're not sure about it yet, you are thinking of doing it. V Our secretary is thinking of leaving. X That’s my friend on the other side of the street. ’ll shout at him. You shout at someone when you're angry. To attract someone’s attention, you shout to them. V... Pll shout to him. remind me of remind me about on my own think about think of shoutReview. 4. Complete each sentence with these phrases. 1 a good relationship/good relations ‘ a ia a) Britain has .... with Argentina now. @ a b) Barbara has .... with her boss. How is she?/What’s she like? a) I don’t know Jimmy’s wife. .... / b) I'm looking forward to seeing Mary again. .. N < sympathetic/nice a) Trevor listens to your problems — he’s very . b) Jill has many friends — she’s a very .... perso, fits/suits ' ' a) You look good in that jacket. It really .... you b) This shirt is the right size. It .... me perfectly hear/listen to a) I think I .... somebody crying! q b) Jack’s playing piano at the pub this evening and we're going to .... him. 60. Ne urLosing things Someone stole a house in London yesterday. X Someone stole a house in London yesterday. If you steal something, you take it away. Burglars burgle houses, robbers rob banks and thieves steal things from people. v Someone burgled a house yesterday. X I’ve forgotten my lunch at home! You can say /’ve forgotten to bring my lunch! but you leave things in another place. V I’ve left my lunch at home. X Annette remembered me to bring some cups. You remember to do something, but you remind another person to do it. V Annette reminded me to bring some cups. % T hope I will learn a lot because I don’t want to lose my time. If you don’t spend your time usefully, you waste time. Vv... 1 don’t want to waste my time. steal rob burgle forget leave remember remind waste timeDifficult feelings Young children are often frightening. 64 ! Young children are often frightening. If someone or something is frightening, boring, tiring etc., they are causing the feeling. If you are getting the feeling from someone or something, you are frightened, bored, tired etc. V Young children are often frightened. X My boss is difficult to work for — she’s always very nervous. Nervous means worried and lacking confidence (usually before something important, like an exam). If someone a/ways has a difficult character, you can say they are bad-tempered. V My boss is difficult to work for — she’s always very bad-tempered. X His singing is making me nervous! If someone has a bad habit, it can get on your herves or annoy or irritate you. ¥ lis singing is getting on my nerves. frightening frightened nervous bad- tempered get on my nerves 6Life’s. difficulties The people upstairs are a problem, but we just have to support them. ! The people upstairs are a problem, but we just have to support them. i lf you have to live with something you don’t like, you put up 1 it (tolerate is formal). Support means to hold something up. _ v... but we just have to put up with them. ¥ Please don’t invite Robert to the party, I really can’t suffer him. If you dislike someone very strongly, you can’t stand or can’t bear them. V... I really can’t stand him. X They have a big difficulty with their teenage son. You have difficulty or difficulties with something, but you can’t have a difficulty. Use a problem instead. v They have a big problem with their teenage son. X The new system has made many troubles at work. Trouble is usually uncountable, so you can't use it with many. You would say that something has caused a lot of trouble. V The new system has caused a lot of trouble at work. support put up with can’t stand difficulty problem cause trouble! Anna has been sick for three days. If someone has been sick, it usually means they have vomited food from their stomach. When someone is not at work because of Medical problem Tw IL were enieee illness they are off sick, but generally say: in the traffic V Anna has been ill for three days. accident. % The injured were cured at City Hospital. People can be cured of a disease, if the disease disappears completely. But all people in hospital are treated by doctors. Y The injured were treated at City Hospital. X The doctor gave me a receipt and I took it to the pharmacy. You get a receipt when you pay in a shop. A doctor gives you a prescription. Pharmacy is a formal word. We usually say the chemist’s. % Two people were wounded in the traffic accident People are wounded in a Ti i ; ul ight or war, by guns or knives etc. If People’s bodies are damaged in an accident, they are injured. VT ni : ‘ wo people were injured in the traffic accident, V The doctor gave me a prescription 8 and I took it to the chemist’s. wounded injured sick ill cure treat receipt prescription 69Small words are searching the missing teenager. an X The police are searching the missing teenager. To search someone or something means to examine every part of it to look for some- thing, e.g. The customs officer searched the car for drugs. tf something is missing, you search for, or look for it. V The police are searching for the missing teenager. ! We practised throwing the ball at each other. You throw something at someone aggressively, e.g. Never throw stones at people! If you want to be helpful, you can throw something to somebody. V She threw the ball to me. ! The man was killed by a knife. The man was killed with a knife, by the person using it. V The man was killed with a knife. search search for throw at throw to kill by kill with aaReview 5 Choose the correct word(s). I find my work very (1) interested/ interesting so I don’t mind (2) putting up with! supporting the other people in the office. One of my colleagues is a very (3) nervous/ bad-tempered person and another one really (4) gets on my nerves/makes me nervous with his stupid jokes, It’s the boss I really can’t (5) suffer! stand, though, because she’s always (6) making/causing — trouble. Last week her personal assistant was So (7) ill/sick that she ended up being (8) freated/cured in hospital. But the only thing the boss could talk about was what a big (9) difficulty/problem it is when people are off work!X Vl see you in Monday morning. You say in the morning, but on Monday, so you say on Monday morning. When exactly? WT’ll see you on Monday morning. X We're meeting in May 18th. You say in May but on the 18th, so you say on May 18th. V We're meeting on May 18th. X Your grandmother is coming on next Thursday. You don’t use a preposition before next. v Your grandmother is coming next Thursday. ! The conference is next Thursday — the day after tomorrow. If you’re talking about this week, you say this Thursday. Next Thursday is the following week. ‘meeting in May 18th. on Monday in May on May 18th next Thursday the day after tomorrow eePlanning time Pve written my doctor’s appointment in my AGENDA agenda. ‘Skopso’ Production Team Agenda for Meeting 18/2/01 1 January’s Production figures 2 Targets for March 3 New product plans Doctor's appointment Tuesday 345) 4 Any other business X [I've put my doctor’s appointment in my agenda. An agenda is a list of things to be discussed at a meeting. You write your appointments in a diary. WT’ve put the appointment in my diary. 16 X Top managers have busy timetables. Timetables are for buses or trains and schools. People have busy schedules. V Top managers have busy schedules. X We've received the schedule for your tour of Germany. The plan for travelling to many places on a tour is called an itinerary. V We've received the itinerary for your tour of Germany. ! P'm afraid the manager is occupied at the moment. We say a place (e.g. an office) is occupied when people are in it. Occupied is rather formal for people. We say they are busy or unavailable. V1’m afraid the manager is busy at the moment. agenda diary timetable schedule itinerary occupied busy 7Periods of time T usually go skiing for the winter. ! 1 go skiing for the winter. For tells you how long something happens, during/in tells you when it happened. “1 go skiing for two weeks during/in the winter, we X She’s lived here since three years. Use since to say when a present action began, e.g. since 1997, since Monday. To talk about periods of time (how /ong), use for, e.g. for three years, for four days. V She’s lived here for three years. X They went to live in the States before two years. To say how long something happened before now, use ago. v They went to live in the States two years ago. ! David’s been here since six months ago. We don’t usually use since with ago. You can say either of these. V David came here six months ago. V David’s been here since July. for during since ago! What time do you go to bed in the Night time evening? You usually do things in the evening, and go We often go to bed at night. for a meal in V What time do you go to bed at the night. night? night ¥ Did you go out yesterday night? evening: We never say yesterday night or last evening. yesterday We say yesterday evening, which is earlier evening than last night. V Did you go out yesterday evening/ last night last night? goodnight X Goodnight, Mr Stevens. Can I good evening introduce you to my wife? Goodnight means goodbye when you leave someone at night. When you meet someone formally in the evening, you say Good evening. V Good evening, Mr Stevens. Can I introduce you to my wife? : ! We often go for a meal in the night. If something happens in the night, it's when you are sleeping (or it wakes you up). You can go for a meal in the evening (between about 6 pm and 10 pm). W We often go for a meal in the evening. 80X We bought this computer system last year and it’s already old-fashioned. Old-fashioned means belonging to an older period. Something can be quite new, but if it’s not the latest technology, it’s out of date. New and old Of course, Pied V Our computer system is out of date. wants to buy the last : : mobile phone. ! Mr Zapdos is the actual President. Actual means real (not imagined or planned) e.g. They said the bridge would cost £4m, but the actual cost was £6m. The President now is the current or present President. V Mr Zapdos is the current President. ¥ They lived in Rome for a few years, but actually they’re in Pisa. Actually means in fact and is used to correct a wrong idea, e.g. She’s not my wife — she’s my girlfriend, actually. To say what someone is doing now ... _¥... they’re in Pisa at the moment. % Of course, everyone wants to buy the last mobile phone. The mobile phone with the newest developments is the latest mobile phone. v Everyone wants the latest mobile phone. last latest old- fashioned out of date actual current actually at the momentReview 6 Complete each sentence with these words, 1 in/on a) I'll see you .... the morning. b) She’s leaving .... Monday morning. agenda/diary a) [ll check her birthday — it’s in Ty. 4 b) This is important. Put it on the .... for the 4 next meeting. ‘ during/for a) I was in England .... three weeks, b) He learnt to swim .... the summer. nN Ww 4 for/since a) I’ve been working here .... three years. b) He’s lived in France .... 1998. Goodnight/Good evening a) ....and welcome to the Royal Albert Hall. b) ....! Sleep well! wBegin and end At last I will end my talk... % At first we had soup. At first tells you how something begins, but i ] doesn’t finish this way. pease changes V At first it was easy, but then it became difficul ¥ First we had soup. % We spent two hours trying to find the restaurant. At the end we went home. You can only say at the end (or beginning) of something, e.g. a book/film, or a holiday. If a situation changes and ends in an unexpected way, you can use in the end. V We spent two hours trying to find the restaurant. In the end, we went home. ? At last, I will end my talk with some statistics. At last means that you have waited too long for something. V We waited over 25 minutes at the bus stop. At last, a bus came. For the last of a number of actions, use finally. ¥ Finally, I will end my talk with some statistics. at first first at the end in the end at last finallyAfter switching the light on, the computer stopped working. One. after another % After switching the light on, the computer stopped working. You can only use After «ing if the same subject does both actions in the sentence. v After switching the light on, I closed the curtains. after You have to use both subjects if they are .. ing different, and past tenses as usual. V After I switched the light on, the alles tat computer stopped working. afterwards cou % We saw a really good film. After, we went for a pizza. After talking about one action, introduce : another with After that, or Afterwards. “We saw a really good film. Afterwards, we went for a pizza.There were so many problems with booking our holiday. i] % Goodbye. I'll come back again after three weeks. To say how long before something will happen in the future, use in ... (time). V Goodbye, I'll come back again in three weeks’ time. X There were so many problems with booking the holiday. After all, we decided to cancel it. After all means you shouldn't forget this important point: V1 don’t think Daniel should be allowed out late — after all, he’s only 16. If things happen to make you change plans, say: V In the end we decided to cancel it. in... time after all in the end! Sarah speaks German well. She speaks French also. Also usually comes before the verb (but after Saying more Sally’s coming, to be). se v Sarah speaks German well. She es bringing also speaks French. Jane. At the end of a sentence, you can use too or as well. X Great! Sally’s coming to the party. Furthermore, she’s bringing Jane! Furthermore is used in more formal language to introduce another idea. v The proposed bridge would be more efficient. Furthermore, it would have cost advantages. When you're speaking informally, it’s better to use What’s more ... V Great! Sally’s coming to the party. What’s more, she’s bringing Jane! also furthermore what’s moreOpposite ideas Your mother’s starting to look old. On the other side, she’s still beautiful. * Your mother’s starting to look old. On the other side, she’s still beautiful. An argument does have two sides, but we say: V... On the other hand, she’s still beautiful. 1k The film was too long. Although I did enjoy it. Although links opposite ideas in one sentence. V Although the film was too long, I did enjoy it. X It’s a nice car, however it’s expensive. Use but in informal language: /t's a nice car, but it’s expensive. However (more formal) goes with the second opposite idea in another sentence. V We understand your problem. However, we can’t help. ¥ Despite of the problem, we managed to finish on time. Don’t use of after despite. V Despite the problem, we ... Or you can say: V In spite of the problem, we ... on the other hand although however despite in spite ofso that so to do for doing so that I had to wear a different one. So that means to do one thing because you wan another thing to happen. Use so (with a comma (, before it) for a result that perhaps no-one want My mother spilt ketchup on my dress, so I had to wear a different one. X I came here for learning English. If you want to say why you do something, use to j do, not for doing. VI came here to learn English. X This knife is to cut meat. Y This knife is for cutting meat. * My mother spilt ketchup on my dres My mother spilt ketchup on my dress so that I had to wear a different one.Review 7 A Correct the words in italics, if necessary, 1 At first we went to a pub and afterwards we went to a disco. 4 We spent an hour waiting for a bus. At the end 4 we decided to walk. 4 Those are all the practical problems, and at last there is the question of cost. 4 I'm going to France in three weeks’ time. , You shouldn’t expect her English to be good 4 after all, she’s only been learning it for a year, _ B Choose the correct answer. i 1 My PC crashed, (so/so that) I called the helplin 2 3 nN we rs I went to town (for doing/to do) my shopping. This is called a hole-punch, because it’s (to punch holes/for punching holes). 4 Yes, it was cheap, but that wasn’t the reason (offfor) buying it.Review 7 A Correct the words in italics, if necessary. At first we went to a pub and afterwards we went to a disco. We spent an hour waiting for a bus. At the en we decided to walk. Those are all the practical problems, and at la. there is the question of cost. ’ I’m going to France in three weeks’ time. You shouldn’t expect her English to be good after all, she’s only been learning it for a year. © B Choose the correct answer. My PC crashed, (so/so that) I called the helplin 2 I went to town (for doing/to do) my shopping. This is called a hole-punch, because it’s (to punch holes/for punching holes). Yes, it was cheap, but that wasn’t the reason (off for) buying it.In the middle? Present simple and continuous Past simple and continuous Stative verbs a * I work in Scotland this week, q This temporary activity will finish after a Period of time, so use present continuous. a “Tm working in Scotland this week. *Tm understanding this grammar now, To understand something is permanent. Use present simple. VI understand this grammar now, , selling computers. Use past continuous when you need to say that something q P happened in the middle Of the action. “Iwas living in Italy when I met my wife. j For two past actions after each other, use two past simples. dl WI lived in Italy for two years. Then I came here, _ 4 ! What are you doing? — I’m selling computers. The present continuous here describes what is happening at the moment. For permanent routines, e.g. someone's job, use present simple. V What do you do? — I sell computers. 101Past simple/present perfect Present perfect simple and continuous % I’ve been in London yesterday. To talk about a particular time in the past, use past simple, WI was in London yesterday. ! How long are you in Cambridge? ~ Since May, 7 {f you say How Jong are you in Cambridge? you are talking about time that includes the future, ¢.9. Unti! May. For time including the past and present, use present perfect. V How long have you been in Cambridge? — Since May. * I’ve lived here since three years, You say for a period of time and since a point in time. Vv... for three years; ... since 1998, 102 Pve been painting three rooms today. X I’ve been painting three rooms today. To say how much you have done, use present perfect simple. W I’ve painted three rooms today. To describe activity over a period of time, use continuous. I’ve been painting all afternoon. 163! I came to England in 1986. I used to drive on the left. If you used to do something, it’s a past habit that you don’t do any more. | used to drive a French car, but I sold it. If something was once a difficult change, but feels normal now, use to be used to + ing. WI came to England in 1986. I’m used to driving on the left. Changing, habits used to do tobe used to doing ! In Brazil people are used to drinking a lot of coffee. Again, use present simple to talk about people’s usual way of life. V In Brazil people drink a lot of coffee. Use to be used to doing only when there is a change that makes life difficult. VI can’t drink coffee here in England because I'm used to drinking Brazilian coffee. I'm used to driving on the left. 14! Pll visit our Lisbon office next week! If you use will to talk about future plans, it means you are deciding the plan at the moment you are speaking. v The phone’s ringing. Pll get it. For plans you have already made, there are two possibilities: Futures Will, going to and present continuous as future When + present simple WV I’m going to visit our Lisbon office next week. This means you've decided the plan (in your head) but may not have arranged it with the people in Lisbon yet. Vv I’m visiting our Lisbon office next week. This means you've definitely arranged the visit with the people in Lisbon. ¥ When he will arrive tomorrow, I'll speak to him. Use a present tense after when to talk about the future. Use will for the other future action. V When he arrives tomorrow, [ll speak to him. Pl visit our Lisbon office next week! 407X If you phoned me last week, I would told you. imagini i than the When imagining a different past, you need more ) past Sib Use past perfect, and would have (done) in the other part of the sentence. v If you had phoned me last week, I would have told you. if... Conditionals ! When I win the lottery, I'll buy that car, Unless you're extremely optimistic, you probably mean: “If I win the lottery, I'll buy that car, It's not very likely, so you should say: q WV If I won the lottery, ’'d (would) buy that car, X If] will see him, P'll give him your message. You mustn't use will after if. Use a present tense and then use will in the other part of the sentence. WIfI see him, Pll give him your message. z og % If you would come, you would meet him. Don’t use would after if. Use a past tense and would in the q other part of the sentence. “If you came, you would meet him.% You don’t have to take photos in the gallery. If you don’t have to do something, you can choose whether you want to do it or not. V You don’t have to come if you don’t want to. If you can’t choose, say: ¥ You mustn’t/can’t take photos in the gallery. You mustn’t get this wrong! Don’t fe to/musta’t Must/nave to ' Musin’t be/c: vee Ls X I must to go home soon. Don’t use to after must (or other modal verbs, e.g. can’t, should, might). VI must go home soon. X I must go to the doctor’s yesterday. The past of must is had to. [had to go to the doctor’s yesterday. X That mustn’t be Richard — he’s in America. Mustn’t means that something is forbidden. If something is not possible, use can’t. V That can’t be Richard — he’s in America. You mustn’t take photos in the gallery, ie afDo you or would you? Hike/td like Prefer/rather ! Tlike some fruit juice. — Really! How nice. If you like something, it means always, generally. V Do you like fruit juice? — I like apple juice. When offering or asking for something now, use would like. V I'd like some fruit juice, please. - Would you like apple or orange? X I prefer to walk today. | prefer means always, generally. For one particular decision, use would prefer. Wd prefer to walk today. X I prefer milk than cream. When you are comparing two things with prefer, use to. WI prefer milk to cream. X I'd rather prefer to work with Anne. You can’t use rather and prefer together. Vd rather work/I'd prefer to work with Anne. m6The doctor suggested taking exercise. To or -ing? 1 "Stop, remember, try to do/doing Suggest + -ing. Suggest that... X My boss told me I must stop to sleep at work. This means you stop doing another activity, in order to sleep. V1 worked for most of the night — I just stopped — (working) to sleep for two hours. 4 v My boss told me I must stop sleeping at work. — ; — X Please remember locking the door. You remember doing something afterwards. Before, say: V Please remember to lock the door. X The doctor suggested taking exercise. If you suggest doing something, you are one of the people who will do it! v He suggested that I (should) take exercise. X Have you tried to take some aspirin? This means you don’t know if you can do it. If something isX I promised helping him. Some verbs are usually followed by to do: promise, decide, hope, agree, refuse, manage. VI promised to help him. TO or -ing? 2 Adjectives and verbs followed by to + verb/-ing . X I enjoy to swim in the sea. Some verbs are usually followed by doing: enjoy, spend time, finish, keep, avoid, practise. | enjoy swimming in the sea. X I’m interested to take this exam. Interested is followed by in, and prepositions are always followed by doing. V I’m interested in taking this exam. X I’m very happy seeing you. Happy is an adjective. Adjectives are usually followed by to do. I'm very happy to see you. ae ra —_ x She wants that I go. id ey Verbs followed by a person (me, you, him etc.) are followed eS next by to do. V She wants me to go. a |Word order Position of adverbs Adverbs can be of time (today), frequency (often), quantity (very q much) and place (in the garden), They don’t go before to be: They go after fo be: X She@ftenpis\ill. W She is often ill. They don’t go before They go after have and before have + verb: the verb: x IG@evenhave'seen it. WT have never seen it, They don’t go between a They go before or after them verb and object: both: x They'play @ften) V They often play tennis. tennis: V They play tennis often. many X We havein Ibiza ¥ We have many tourists tourists in Ibiza. Chany tourists) x! like Sesatact) W I like dancing very dancing? much. in Ibiza.Review 9 Choose the correct verb form. 1 don’t have to/mustn’t a) You can take this exam if you want, but you b) You... tell anybody about this, it’s a secret, like/would like 1 a) 1.... an ice-cream please. b) 1.... most foreign food, especially Indian. eating/to eat a) I stopped .... meat when I was 21. b) We walked for 4 hours and then we stopped going/to go 4 a) Iremember .... to ballet classes when I was a child. : b) Did you remember .... to the supermarket o1 the way home? { to use/using ( a) Have you tried .... this shampoo? It’s really r b) Try .... your left hand — I know it’s difficult, nN w » 4 onX Your garden is too beautiful. Too + adjective means there’s a problem: This sofa’s too big to go in the room. V Your garden is very beautiful. Good and well Too/very Enough Suchiso : Adjectives and adverbs X He works slow. You say someone is slow — adjectives tell you how someone is, looks, or seems. Adverbs tell you how someone does something. V He works slowly. X Are you enough hungry to eat all this? Enough goes before nouns: enough money, enough chairs. But it goes after adjectives: hungry enough, big enough. V Are you hungry enough to eat all this? X Your house is such tidy. Such + adjective come before the noun they describe. V You have such a tidy house. After nouns, use so + adjective. V Your house is so tidy. Your garden is too beautiful. 128Good and better Comparative and Superlative adjectives X% Everything is more cheap in this shop. To compare short adjectives, e.g. cheap, big, small, say cheaper, bigger, smaller. v Everything is cheaper in this shop. X I prefer this car — it’s comfortabler. With long adjectives, e.g. comfortable, interesting, use more comfortable, more interesting. WI prefer this car — it’s more comfortable. X I need a more smaller car. Don’t use more and -er together. V I need a smaller car. X He’s very taller than J am. Use very with adjectives, e.g. very ali, but much before comparatives. V He’s much taller than I am. 127128 % There were very little people on the train today. Little with plural nouns means small, e.g. Look at those lovely little dogs. Little with uncountable nouns means not much, e.g. !’ve got very little free time today. With countable nouns, the opposite of many is few. v There were very few people on the train today. Much or many? Littlelfewla few Much/a lot of % My new computer has been great — P’ve had a few problems with it. A few means quite a lot. Few means not enough, or less than you expected. V My new computer has been great — P’ve had few problems with it. X He has much money. Don’t use much in positive sentences, use it in negatives and questions. W He hasn’t got much money. Do you have much work to do today? There were very little people on A lot of can be used with negatives, questions and in positive the train sentences. today. VHe has a jot of money.% There’s a programme on TV about the dogs. The dogs means some particular dogs. ATV programme would be about dogs in general, without the. V There’s a programme on TV about dogs. A and the Articles X The life can be difficult sometimes. In English we don’t use the for abstract ideas such as /ife, happiness, love. Use no article. V Life can be difficult sometimes. X Chris’s mother went to prison to visit him. If someone goes to prison, they are a criminal (a student goes to university or to school). If you visit the building but don’t receive the service, you go to the prison (the university or the school). V Chris’s mother went to the prison to visit him. X We had a good weather yesterday. There’s a programme You can’t use a before weather and other common uncountable on TV nouns such as advice, work, information, permission, about the accommodation and furniture. dogs. V We had good weather yesterday.Too many words! Negatives Pronouns Jobe Nobody can’t fly. X Nobody can’t fly. You can’t use two negatives (nobody and can’t) together — it would make a positive! V Nobody can fly. x My brother he ieee football. You don’t need to say he after you've said my brother. U My brother likes football. ¥ Pm agree. Agree is a verb, not an adjective, so you don’t need to be before it. W Lagree. ee ay et EN X This is the book which I bought it. ff you use which to give information about something, you don’t need to say it. V This is the book which I bought.Review 10 A Correct the mistakes in these sentences. 1 I like your house — it’s too big. 2 I can’t believe that you can read so quick. 3 Do you think the room is enough warm? 4 My salary is more higher than it used to be. 5 I’ve got much work to do today. B One word in each sentence is unnecessary. Underline it. The money isn’t the most important thing in life — but it helps! | I'm going to travel for a year before I go to the university. He gave me an advice on buying a car. My parents they never go out. I think you are agree? i Those are the CDs which you lent me them. _ = nN Ho & WwIndex actual /akt{uol/ p83 The actual cost of the bridge was £6m. actually /aktfuoli/ p83 It looks small but actually it’s quite big. after all /a:ftoro:l/ p91 He can’t drive. After all, he’s only 15. after ...ing /a:fta ...in/ p88 After seeing the film, we ate. after that /a:fto det/ pss We saw a film. After that, we ate. afterwards /a:ftowodz/ p88 We had lunch. Afterwards we slept. agenda /ad3endo/ p76 Here’s the agenda for the meeting. ago /agou/ p79 I got this computer six months ago. also /a:lsau/ p93 Ian speaks French. He also speaks Thai. although /o:1d0u/ p95 Although the film was long, I liked it. Index Your language arrive at /oraiv ot/ p22 She arrived at the office at 4 pm. at first /ot fa:st/ p86 At first it was easy, but then it wasn’t. at last /ot la:st/ p87 I waited an hour. At last, a bus came. at the end /at di end/ p87 We went home at the end of the film. at the moment /at d2 moument/ p83 They’re living in Rome at the moment. bad-tempered /bzed tempod/ p65 She’s so angry and bad-tempered. born /bomn/ p38 I was born in Rome. boss /bps/ p30 I work for myself. I’m my own boss! bring /brin/ p16 Pl bring it with me when I come back. burgle /bs:gol/ p62 He burgles houses.Index Your language busy /bizi/ p77 I'm afraid he’s busy. Can you call later? buy /bai/ p32 Pl buy the drinks. by /ba1/ p22 She goes to school by train. camping /kempm/ p20 We went camping in Italy. campsite /kaempsait/ p20 We spent the night at a campsite. can’t stand /kamt staend/ p67 I can’t stand that man! He’s awful! care about /ker obaut/ p46 I care about the environment. cause trouble /ko:z trabal/ p67 The changes have caused a lot of trouble. chief /tfi:f/ p30 She’s the chief executive of a company. child /tfatld/ p26 There are only 16 children in her class. Pa i Index Your language class /kles/ p27 There are ten of us in the English class. classroom /kla:sruzm/ p27 Two new classrooms have been built. clean /kli:n/ p43 I can’t clean the car. There’s no water. cloth /klp@/ p55 Here’s a cloth — clean the windows! clothes /kloudz/ p55 He likes designer clothes. come back /kam beek/ p16 ll come back from the party at ten. come to /kam to/ p17/22 I came to this country with no money. common /kpmen/ p12 John is a very common name. cook /kuk/ p43 I’m quite a good cook. cooker /kuko/ p43 We've got a gas cooker.Index Your language cost of living /kost ov Invin/ p33 The cost of living is very high. cure /kjua/ p69 Those pills have cured me! current /karont/ p83 Kathy Freeman is the current champion. desert /dezat/ p45 The desert is hot and dusty. despite /dispart/ p95 Despite the rain, we had a good time. dessert /dizsit/ p45 No dessert for me — I’m getting fat. diary /datori/ p76 I write in my diary every day. difficulty /diftkolti/ p67 He was having difficulty breathing. dish /dt{/ p44 Delicious! This is my favourite dish! do /du:/ p35 Have you done the washing? Index Your language during /djuorin/ p78 I take two weeks off during August. evening /i:vnin/ p80/81 We often go for a walk in the evening. explain /iksplem/ p56 She explained the problem. finally /famoli/ p87 : Finally, I will end my talk with a joke. first /fs:st/ p86 First we had soup. fit /fit/ p54 It doesn’t fit — it’s a bit big. flight /flait/ p15 Our flight took off late. food /fu:d/ p43 I love Indian food. for /fo:/ p78 I'm going to Bali for two weeks. for doing /fo du:mn/ p96 This knife is for cutting meat.Index Your language foreign /forin/ p13 Oxford has a lot of foreign students. foreigner /formo/ p12 We're all foreigners somewhere, forget /foget/ p63 [ve forgotten to bring my lunch. frightened /frattond/ p65 I get frightened in crowded places. frightening /fraitonm/ p65 I find high mountains very frightening. furthermore /fs:domo:/ p93 It’s expensive. Furthermore it’s ugly, get on my nerves /get pn mai nsivz/ p65 Your singing is getting on my nerves. get to know /get ta nau/ p51 You have to get to know people here. go /gau/ p17 I'm going to France next week. Index Your language go back /gou beaek/ p17 I'm going back to my home town. good at /gud at/ p46 Bob is very good at cooking. good evening /gud rvnin/ p81 Good evening. How are you? goodnight /gud nait/ p81 Goodnight. Sleep well. grow /grou/ p38 You're so tall! How you've grown! grow up /grou ap/ p38 I grew up in Venice. hair /heo/ p53 He’s got blond hair. hairs /heaz/ p53 There are some hairs in my soup! have /haev/ p35 We're having a meeting on Saturday. have breakfast /hzv brekfost/ p45 I have breakfast very early.Index hear /hio/ p57 I heard a bird singing. high /har/ p53 That mountain is 5,000 metres high, home /hovum/ p41 I like coming home after a holiday. house /haus/ p41 My house was built 100 years ago. however /havevo/ p95 I understand. However, I can’t help. ill AI/ poo I’ve been ill for weeks, in front of /m frant ov/ p23 There’s a tree in front of the window. injured /tndgod/ p68 She was injured in the accident, in May /1n mei/ p75 We're on holiday in May. in spite of /in spait ov/ p95 We enjoyed it in spite of the rain. i Index Your language in the end /in 0i end/ p87/91 It was raining. In the end we didn’t go. in ... time /mm ... tam / p91 Pll come back in three weeks’ time. itinerary /attinorori/ p77 Here’s the itinerary for your trip. job /d3pb/ p29 What’s your job? What do you do? journey /d33:ni/ p14 The journey takes two hours by car. kill by /kil bat/ p71 He was killed by a drunk. kill with /krl wi0/ p71 He was killed with a knife. kitchen /kitfon/ p43 We usually eat in the kitchen. landscape /lzndskerp/ p20 He likes to paint landscapes. last /la:st/ p82 We’ve got one left. This is the last one.Index last night /la:st nart/ p81 Where were you last night? latest /lettast/ p82 This is the latest model. It’s just arrived. learn /Is:n/ p26 I learnt a lot from my music teacher. leave /lisv/ p63 Ive left my lunch at home! listen to /lison ta/ p57 I listened to the radio. look after /luk a:fto/ p47 I'l look after the dog when you're away. look for /luk fo/ p47 I'm looking for my dog. Where is he? make /merk/ p35 I never make mistakes, management /mznid3mont/ p31 The management agreed to pay them. manager /mzenid3o/ p30 My manager is younger than me! 146 pa Index Your language married to /meerid to/ p46 Anna’s married to a Frenchman. match /meet{/ p54 My jacket and trousers match. meal /mi:l/ p45 Will you stay for a meal? nature /neit{o/ p20 Pollution is damaging to nature. nervous /ns:ves/ p65 He’s too nervous to drive abroad. next Thursday /nekst @3:zdi/ p75 She’s coming next Thursday. nice /nars/ p51 I like him. He’s nice. night /nait/ p80/81 He often wakes up in the night. occupation /okju:peifan/ p29 What's your occupation? occupied /okju:paid/ p77 Room 4 is occupied at the moment.Index Your language old-fashioned /auld faefond/ p83 Her clothes are so old-fashioned! on May 18th /on mer 6i erti:n@/ p75 The meeting’s on May 18th. on Monday /on mandei/ p75 It starts on Monday. on my own /on mar 9un/ p59 I live on my own. on the other hand /on Oi Ada haend/ p94 I'm old. On the other hand, I’m happy. on /pn/ p22 He goes to work on foot. opposite /ppasit/ p23 My house is opposite the park. out of date /aut ov deit/ p83 This computer is useless. It’s out of date. parent /peorant/ p38 My parents are both from Scotland. a Index Your language pay for /pei fo/ p32 You pay for the food. personal /ps:sonol/ p31 Can I ask you a personal question? personnel /ps:sonel/ p31 She works in the personnel department. plate /pleit/ p44 Be careful — don’t drop those plates! prescription /praskripfan/ p69 Take this prescription to the chemist’s. price /prars/ p33 The price of food is going up. problem /problom/ p67 They have a problem with their son. professor /profesa/ p26 Professor Jones taught me at university. pupil /pjuzpol/ p26 The primary class has about 30 pupils. put up with /put ap w10/ p67 You have to put up with problems.raise /reiz/ p33 I asked my boss to raise my salary. receipt /risi:t/ p69 T’ve paid but I haven’t had a receipt. relations /rilerfenz/ p50 Spain and Italy have good relations. relationship /rilerfanfip/ p50 Ihave a good relationship with Ted. relative /relotrv/ p38 ve got relatives in the US. remember /rimembo/ p63 I remembered to set the video. remind /rimaind/ p63 Remind me to call Josie later. remind me about /rimaind mi obaut/ p58 He reminded me about collecting John. remind me of /rimaind mi ov/ p58 This reminds me of our last holiday. 150 Index { Z Your language i i Index Your language rest /rest/ p41 I was so tired. I just rested all day. rise /ra1z/ p33 Petrol prices are rising daily. road /roud/ p15 The road to Chamonix is closed. rob /rob/ p62 They robbed the bank. salary /szelari/ p33 I get paid a monthly salary. say /se1/ p56 He said that I was wrong. scenery /si:nori/ p20 The scenery in the Alps is wonderful. schedule /fedju:l/ p77 Top managers have busy schedules, search /s3:t{/ p71 The police searched the teenagers. search for /ssitf fo/ p71 : They searched everywhere for their cat. i . 1Index see /si:/ p56 I saw an accident. shade /ferd/ p21 It’s too hot. Let’s sit in the shade. shadow /fzedou/ p21 She sat in the shadow of the house. short /foxt/ p53 She’s quite short — about 1.5 metres. shout /faut/ p59 Stop it! Don’t shout at me! sick /stk/ p69 IT ate something bad and was sick. since /sins/ p79 She’s lived here since 1999. small /smoil/ p53 My car’s quite small. SO /sou/ p96 I got there late, so I missed the start. so that /sav dat/ p96 I went upstairs so that I could be alone. a Your language Your language stay /ste1/ p41 I stayed at my friend’s house last night. steal /sti:l/ p62 They stole £2,000. strange /stremd3/ p13 He’s a bit strange. I don’t like him. stranger /stremd3e/ p12 He’s a stranger. He’s new here. street /stri:t/ p15 The station’s at the end of our street. strict /strikt/ p39 My father’s strict. I have to stay in. strong /stron/ p39 My father was a very strong man. student /stju:dont/ p26 Most students live away from home. suit /sjuit/ p54 That dress looks great. It suits you. support /sopo:t/ p67 Millions support Manchester United.Index I i Index Your language ¢ Your language sympathetic /simpoGettk/ p51 She was very sympathetic about it. take care of /teik ker ov/ p46 He’s my only son — take care of him! take /terk/ p17 I'm taking him to Italy. take /terk/ p35 She’s taking her exams next week. tall /to:l/ p53 : He’s almost two metres tall. teach /ti:t{/ p26 She teaches chemistry at a girls’ school. teacher /tit{a/ p26 He’s a teacher at a secondary school. tell /tel/ p56 He told me that I was wrong. the country /do kantri/ p20 I go for long walks in the country. the day after tomorrow 154 /So det a:fta tamorau/ p75 ll see you the day after tomorrow. think about /O1nk obaut/ p59 I’m thinking about last night’s match. think of /@imk ov/ p59 I'm thinking of changing my job. throw at /®rou ot/ p71 They threw stones at the windows. throw to /6rav te/ p71 Throw the ball to me! tidy /tardi/ p43 What a mess! Can you tidy your room? timetable /tarmterbol/ p77 Have you got a train timetable? to do /ta du:/ p96 I came to England to learn English. tour /tua/ p14 He went on a tour round Oxford. travel /traevol/ p14 I love travelling.Index Your language treat /tri:t/ p69 The doctor’s treating me for back pain. trip /trp/ p14 I'm going to Paris on a business trip. trousers /trauzos/ p54 I think Pll wear my green trousers. usual /juzuol/ p12 Pll have my usual drink, please. wage /werd3/ p33 I get paid weekly, My wage isn’t bad. waste time /weist tarm/ p63 I don’t want to waste my time. watch /wot// p56 We watched the TV last night. what’s more /wots mo:/ p93 It’s cold. What’s more, it’s wet. what’s she like? /wots fi: lark/ p51 Your sister? What's she like? work /w3:k/ p29 I started work at the age of 14. Index Your language work as /wa:k 92/ p29 I work as a waitress in the evenings. work for /ws:k fo/ p31 I work for a computer software company. work in /wa:k in/ p31 I work in the transport department. worker /wsiko/ p31 Workers work and managers manage! wounded /wu:indod/ p68 Five soldiers were shot and wounded. yesterday evening /jestedi invnm/ p81 Did you go out yesterday evening?Answers Review 1 A Itravelling 2journeys 3trip 4tour 5 come/Bring 6 people from other countries 7 common B lshade 2by/on 3to 4at Review 2 A 1 teacher/taught 2 do you do/for 3 jobs/as 4 boss/to 5 salary/cost B 1 take/making 2 take/have 3 make/having Review 3 lwas 2home 3 get/come 4 after 5 stayed 6 home 7house 8 relatives’ strict 10 at 1lup 12 home 13 to Review 4 1 a) good relations b) a good relationship 2 a) What’s she like? b) How is she? 3 a) sympathetic b) nice 4 a) suits b) fits 5 a) hear b) listen to 158 Review 5 linteresting 2 putting up with 3 bad-tempered 4 getsonmynerves 5stand 6causing 7ill 8 treated 9 problem Review 6 1 a)in b)on 2 a) diary b) agenda 3 a) for b) during 4 a) for b) since 5 a) Good evening b) Goodnight! Review 7 A 1 First/afterwards 2In the end 3 finally 4 in three weeks’ time 5 after all B lso 2todo 3 for punching holes 4 for Review 8 11am living 2 I work 3 We saw 4 correct 5 correct 6 I’m meeting 7 you arrive 8 they offered 9 correct Review 9 1 a) don’t have to b) mustn't 2 a) would like b) like 3 a) eating b) to eat 4 a) going b)togo 5 a) using b) to use 198Review 10 AML 2; 3 4 Sy 1 2: Aupw Tlike your house — it’s very big. I can’t believe that you can read so quickly. Do you think the room is warm enough? My salary is higher than it used to be. I've got a lot of work to do today. The money isn’t the most important thing in life — but it helps! : I'm going to travel for a year before I go to the university. He gave me an advice on buying a car. My parents they never go out. I think you are agree? Those are the CDs which you lent me them. Other titles available in Penguin Quick Guides Computer English English Phrasal Verbs Descriptions in English Business English Verbs Business English Words Business English Phrases Making Friends in English Really Useful English Words Really Useful English Verbs Really Useful English Idioms Really Useful English GrammarPENGUIN QUICK GUIDES Penguin Quick Guides are books that make learning English quick and easy. If you really want to improve your English and stop making mistakes, this is the perfect book for you! Common Errors in English explains over 300 of the most frequent errors and shows you how to avoid them. It covers the following, and more: * easily confused words _—* prepositions * sentence linkers * typical grammar mistakes Paul Hancock is a teacher and teacher-trainer. He is the author of Is That What You Mean? from Penguin English. For learning /¥ For work v For travelling / Level: Intermediate Series Editors: Andy Hopkins and Jocelyn Potter www.penguinenglish.com Cover illustration © Mark Davis ISBN 0-582-46894-9 Lead Published and distributed by Pearson Education Limited