CSS Snapshot 2015
CSS Snapshot 2015
CSS Snapshot 2015
W3C Working Group Note, 13 October 2015
This version:
http://www.w3.org/TR/2015/NOTEcss201520151013/
Latest version:
https://www.w3.org/TR/css2015/
Editor's Draft:
https://drafts.csswg.org/css2015/
Feedback:
wwwstyle@w3.org with subject line “[css‐2015] … message topic …” (archives)
Editors:
Tab Atkins Jr. (Google)
Elika J. Etemad / fantasai (Invited Expert)
Florian Rivoal (Invited Expert) florian@rivoal.net
Copyright © 2015 W3C® (MIT, ERCIM, Keio, Beihang). W3C liability, trademark and document use rules apply.
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Abstract
This document collects together into one definition all the specs that together form the current state of Cascading Style
Sheets (CSS) as of 2015. The primary audience is CSS implementers, not CSS authors, as this definition includes modules
by specification stability, not Web browser adoption rate.
CSS is a language for describing the rendering of structured documents (such as HTML and XML) on screen, on paper, in
speech, etc.
Status of this document
This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. Other documents may supersede this
document. A list of current W3C publications and the latest revision of this technical report can be found in the W3C technical
reports index at http://www.w3.org/TR/.
Publication as a Working Group Note does not imply endorsement by the W3C Membership. This is a draft document and
may be updated, replaced or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to cite this document as other than
work in progress.
The document was produced by the CSS Working Group (part of the Style Activity).
This document is governed by the 1 September 2015 W3C Process Document.
This document was produced by a group operating under the 5 February 2004 W3C Patent Policy. W3C maintains a public
list of any patent disclosures made in connection with the deliverables of the group; that page also includes instructions for
disclosing a patent. An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent which the individual believes contains Essential
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Claim(s) must disclose the information in accordance with section 6 of the W3C Patent Policy.
The (archived) public mailing list wwwstyle@w3.org (see instructions) is preferred for discussion of this document. When
sending email, please put the text “css2010” in the subject, preferably like this: “[css2010] …summary of comment…”
This document represents the state of CSS as of 2015. New snapshots will be published at http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS/ as
CSS advances.
Table of Contents
1 Introduction
1.1 Background: The W3C Process and CSS
2 Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) — The Official Definition
2.1 CSS Levels
2.2 CSS Profiles
3 Requirements for Responsible Implementation of CSS
3.1 Partial Implementations
3.2 Implementations of Unstable and Proprietary Features
3.2.1 Experimentation and Unstable Features
3.2.2 Proprietary and Nonstandardized Features
3.2.3 Market Pressure and De Facto Standards
3.3 Implementations of CRlevel Features
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4 Indices
5 Acknowledgements
Index
Terms defined by this specification
References
Normative References
Informative References
Issues Index
§ 1. Introduction
When the first CSS specification was published, all of CSS was contained in one document that defined CSS Level 1. CSS
Level 2 was defined also by a single, multichapter document. However for CSS beyond Level 2, the CSS Working Group
chose to adopt a modular approach, where each module defines a part of CSS, rather than to define a single monolithic
specification. This breaks the specification into more manageable chunks and allows more immediate, incremental
improvement to CSS.
Since different CSS modules are at different levels of stability, the CSS Working Group has chosen to publish this profile to
define the current scope and state of Cascading Style Sheets as of late 2015. This profile includes only specifications that we
consider stable and for which we have enough implementation experience that we are sure of that stability.
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Note: This is not intended to be a CSS Desktop Browser Profile: inclusion in this profile is based on feature stability only
and not on expected use or Web browser adoption. This profile defines CSS in its most complete form.
Note: Although we don’t anticipate significant changes to the specifications that form this snapshot, their inclusion does
not mean they are frozen. The Working Group will continue to address problems as they are found in these specs.
Implementers should monitor wwwstyle and/or the CSS Working Group Blog for any resulting changes, corrections, or
clarifications.
§ 1.1. Background: The W3C Process and CSS
This section is nonnormative.
In the W3C Process, a Recommendationtrack document passes through three levels of stability, summarized below:
Working Draft (WD)
This is the design phase of a W3C spec. The WG iterates the spec in response to internal and external feedback.
The first official Working Draft is designated the “First Public Working Draft” (FPWD). In the CSSWG, publishing FPWD
indicates that the Working Group as a whole has agreed to work on the module, roughly as scoped out and proposed in
the editor’s draft.
The transition to the next stage is sometimes called “Last Call Working Draft” (LCWD) phase. The CSSWG transitions
Working Drafts once we have resolved all known issues, and can make no further progress without feedback from
building tests and implementations.
This ”Last Call for Comments” sets a deadline for reporting any outstanding issues, and requires the WG to specially
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track and address incoming feedback. The commenttracking document is the Disposition of Comments (DoC). It is
submitted along with an updated draft for the Director’s approval, to demonstrate wide review and acceptance.
Candidate Recommendation (CR)
This is the testing phase of a W3C spec. Notably, this phase is about using tests and implementations to test the
specification: it is not about testing the implementations. This process often reveals more problems with the spec, and so
a Candidate Recommendation will morph over time in response to implementation and testing feedback, though usually
less so than during the design phase (WD).
Demonstration of two correct, independent implementations of each feature is required to exit CR, so in this phase the
WG builds a test suite and generates implementation reports.
The transition to the next stage is “Proposed Recommendation” (PR). During this phase the W3C Advisory Committee
must approve the transition to REC.
Recommendation (REC)
This is the completed state of a W3C spec and represents a maintainance phase. At this point the WG only maintains an
errata document and occasionally publishes an updated edition that incorporates the errata back into the spec.
An Editor’s Draft is effectively a live copy of the editors’ own working copy. It may or may not reflect Working Group
consensus, and can at times be in a selfinconsistent state. (Because the publishing process at W3C is timeconsuming and
onerous, the Editor’s Draft is usually the best (most uptodate) reference for a spec. Efforts are currently underway to reduce
the friction of publishing, so that official drafts will be regularly uptodate and Editor’s Drafts can return to their original
function as scratch space.)
§ 2. Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) — The Official Definition
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As of 2015, Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is defined by the following specifications.
CSS Level 2, latest revision (including errata) [CSS2]
This defines the core of CSS, parts of which are overridden by later specifications. We recommend in particular reading
Chapter 2, which introduces some of the basic concepts of CSS and its design principles.
CSS Syntax Level 3 [CSSSYNTAX3]
Replaces CSS2§4.1, CSS2§4.1, CSS2§4.2, CSS2§4.4, and CSS2§G, defining how CSS is parsed.
CSS Style Attributes [CSSSTYLEATTR]
Defines how CSS declarations can be embedded in markup attributes.
Media Queries Level 3 [CSS3MEDIAQUERIES]
Replaces CSS2§7.3 and expands on the syntax for mediaspecific styles.
CSS Conditional Rules Level 3 [CSS3CONDITIONAL]
Replaces CSS2§7.2, updating the definition of ‘@media’ rules to allow nesting, and introduces ‘@supports’ rules for
featuresupport queries.
CSS Namespaces [CSS3NAMESPACE]
Introduces an ‘@namespace’ rule to allow namespaceprefixed selectors.
Selectors Level 3 [SELECT]
Replaces CSS2§5 and CSS2§6.4.3, defining an extended range of selectors.
CSS Cascading and Inheritance Level 3 [CSSCASCADE3]
Replaces CSS2§1.4.3 and CSS2§6
CSS Values and Units Level 3 [CSSVALUES3]
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Replaces CSS2§1.4.2.1, CSS2§4.3, and CSS2§A.2.1–3, defining CSS’s property definition syntax and expanding its set
of units.
CSS Color Level 3 [CSS3COLOR]
Replaces CSS2§4.3.6, CSS2§14.1, and CSS2§18.2, defining an extended range of color values. Also introduces the
‘opacity’ property.
CSS Backgrounds and Borders Level 3 [CSS3BACKGROUND]
Replaces CSS2§8.5 and CSS2§14.2, providing more control of backgrounds and borders, including layered background
images, image borders, and drop shadows.
CSS Image Values and Replaced Content Level 3 [CSS3IMAGES]
Provides a new foundation text for the sizing of replaced elements (such as images), adds additional controls to their
sizing and orientation, and introduces syntax for gradients as images in CSS.
CSS Fonts Level 3 [CSSFONTS3]
Replaces CSS2§15 and provides more control over font choice and feature selection.
CSS Multicolumn Layout Level 1 [CSS3MULTICOL]
Introduces multicolumn flows to CSS layout.
CSS User Interface Module Level 3 [CSSUI3]
Replaces CSS2§18.1 and CSS2§18.4, defining ‘cursor’, ‘outline’, and several new CSS features that also enhance the
user interface.
CSS Compositing and Blending Level 1 [COMPOSITING]
Defines the compositing and blending of overlaid content and introduces features to control their modes.
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ISSUE 1 Add willchange once it’s pushed to CR
The following modules are widely deployed with rough interoperability, but the details are not fully worked out and they
need more testing and bugfixing.
CSS Transitions Level 1 [CSS3TRANSITIONS] and CSS Animations Level 1 [CSS3ANIMATIONS]
Define mechanisms for transitioning the computed values of CSS properties over time.
CSS Flexible Box Module Level 1 [CSSFLEXBOX1]
Introduces a flexible linear layout model for CSS.
CSS Transforms Level 1 [CSS3TRANSFORMS]
Introduces graphical transformations to CSS.
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The following modules have completed design work, and are fairly stable, but have not received much testing and
implementation experience yet:
CSS Counter Styles Level 3 [CSSCOUNTERSTYLES3]
Expands the possible values of <counterstyle> and provides an ‘@counterstyle’ syntax for customized counter
styles.
CSS Masking Level 1 [CSSMASKING1]
Replaces CSS2§11.1.2 and introduces more powerful ways of clipping and masking content.
CSS Shapes Module Level 1 [CSSSHAPES1]
Extends floats to effect nonrectangular wrapping shapes.
CSS Text Decoration Level 3 [CSSTEXTDECOR3]
Replaces CSS2§16.3, providing more control over text decoration lines and adding the ability to specify text
emphasis marks and text shadows.
CSS Speech Module Level 1 [CSS3SPEECH]
Replaces CSS2§A, overhauling the (nonnormative) speech rendering chapter.
We hope to incorporate them into a future snapshot.
A list of all CSS modules, stable and inprogress, and their statuses can be found at the CSS Current Work page.
§ 2.1. CSS Levels
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Cascading Style Sheets does not have versions in the traditional sense; instead it has levels. Each level of CSS builds on the
previous, refining definitions and adding features. The feature set of each higher level is a superset of any lower level, and
the behavior allowed for a given feature in a higher level is a subset of that allowed in the lower levels. A user agent
conforming to a higher level of CSS is thus also conformant to all lower levels.
CSS Level 1
The CSS Working Group considers the CSS1 specification to be obsolete. CSS Level 1 is defined as all the features
defined in the CSS1 specification (properties, values, atrules, etc), but using the syntax and definitions in the CSS2.1
specification. CSS Style Attributes defines its inclusion in elementspecific style attributes.
CSS Level 2
Although the CSS2 specification is technically a W3C Recommendation, it passed into the Recommendation stage
before the W3C had defined the Candidate Recommendation stage. Over time implementation experience and further
review has brought to light many problems in the CSS2 specification, so instead of expanding an already unwieldy errata
list, the CSS Working Group chose to define CSS Level 2 Revision 1 (CSS2.1). In case of any conflict between the two
specs CSS2.1 contains the definitive definition.
Once CSS2.1 became Candidate Recommendation—effectively though not officially the same level of stability as CSS2
—obsoleted the CSS2 Recommendation. Features in CSS2 that were dropped from CSS2.1 should be considered to be
at the Candidate Recommendation stage, but note that many of these have been or will be pulled into a CSS Level 3
working draft, in which case that specification will, once it reaches CR, obsolete the definitions in CSS2.
The CSS2.1 specification defines CSS Level 2 and the CSS Style Attributes specification defines its inclusion in element
specific style attributes.
CSS Level 3
CSS Level 3 builds on CSS Level 2 module by module, using the CSS2.1 specification as its core. Each module adds
functionality and/or replaces part of the CSS2.1 specification. The CSS Working Group intends that the new CSS
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modules will not contradict the CSS2.1 specification: only that they will add functionality and refine definitions. As each
module is completed, it will be plugged in to the existing system of CSS2.1 plus previouslycompleted modules.
From this level on modules are levelled independently: for example Selectors Level 4 may well be completed before CSS
Line Module Level 3. Modules with no CSS Level 2 equivalent start at Level 1; modules that update features that existed
in CSS Level 2 start at Level 3.
§ 2.2. CSS Profiles
Not all implementations will implement all functionality defined in CSS. For example, an implementation may choose to
implement only the functionality required by a CSS Profile. Profiles define a subset of CSS considered fundamental for a
specific class of CSS implementations. The W3C CSS Working Group defines the following CSS profiles:
CSS Mobile Profile 2.0
CSS Print Profile 1.0
CSS TV Profile 1.0
Note: Partial implementations of CSS, even if that subset is an official profile, must follow the forwardcompatible parsing
rules for partial implementations.
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§ 3. Requirements for Responsible Implementation of CSS
The following sections define several conformance requirements for implementing CSS responsibly, in a way that promotes
interoperability in the present and future.
§ 3.1. Partial Implementations
So that authors can exploit the forwardcompatible parsing rules to assign fallback values, CSS renderers must treat as
invalid (and ignore as appropriate) any atrules, properties, property values, keywords, and other syntactic
constructs for which they have no usable level of support. In particular, user agents must not selectively ignore
unsupported property values and honor supported values in a single multivalue property declaration: if any value is
considered invalid (as unsupported values must be), CSS requires that the entire declaration be ignored.
§ 3.2. Implementations of Unstable and Proprietary Features
To avoid clashes with future stable CSS features, the CSSWG recommends the following best practices for the
implementation of unstable features and proprietary extensions to CSS:
§ 3.2.1. Experimentation and Unstable Features
Implementations of unstable features that are described in W3C specifications but are not interoperable should not be
released broadly for general use; but may be released for limited, experimental use in controlled environments.
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Why?
EXAMPLE 1
For example, a UA could release an unstable features for experimentation through beta or other testingstage builds;
behind a hidden configuration flag; behind a switch enabled only for specific testing partners; or through some other
means of limiting dependent use.
A CSS feature is considered unstable until its specification has reached the Candidate Recommendation (CR) stage in the
W3C process. In exceptional cases, the CSSWG may additionally, by an officiallyrecorded resolution, add preCR features to
the set that are considered safe to release for broad use.
Note: Vendors should consult the WG explicitly and not make assumptions on this point, as a preCR spec that hasn’t
changed in awhile is usually more outofdate than stable.
§ 3.2.2. Proprietary and Nonstandardized Features
To avoid clashes with future CSS features, the CSS2.1 specification reserves a prefixed syntax [CSS21] for proprietary and
experimental extensions to CSS. A CSS feature is a proprietary extension if it is meant for use in a closed environment
accessible only to a single vendor’s user agent(s). A UA should support such proprietary extensions only through a vendor
prefixed syntax and not expose them to open (multiUA) environments such as the World Wide Web.
Why?
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EXAMPLE 2
For example, Firefox’s XULbased UI, Apple’s iTunes UI, and Microsoft’s Universal Windows Platform app use extensions
to CSS implemented by their respective UAs. So long as these UAs do not allow Web content to access these features,
they do not provide an opportunity for such content to become dependent on their proprietary extensions.
Even if a feature is intended to eventually be used in the Web, if it hasn’t yet been standardized it should still not be exposed
to the Web.
§ 3.2.3. Market Pressure and De Facto Standards
If a feature is unstable (i.e. the spec has not stabilized yet), yet
at least three UAs implement the feature (or a UA has broken the other rules and shipped for broad use an unstable
or otherwise nonstandard feature in a production release),
and the implementations have rough interoperability,
and the CSS Working Group has recorded consensus that this feature should exist and be released,
implementers may ship that feature unprefixed in broadrelease builds. Rough interoperability is satisfied by a subjective
judgment that even though there may be differences, the implementations are sufficiently similar to be used in production
websites for a substantial number of use cases.
Note that the CSSWG must still be consulted to ensure coordination across vendors and to ensure sanity review by the
CSS experts from each vendor. Note also that rough interoperability still usually means painful lack of interop in edge (or
notsoedge) cases, particularly because details have not been ironed out through the standards review process.
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Why?
§ 3.2.3.1. Vendorprefixing Unstable Features
When exposing such a standardstrack unstable feature to the Web in a production release, implementations should support
both vendorprefixed and unprefixed syntaxes for the feature. Once the feature has stabilized and the implementation is
updated to match interoperable behavior, support for the vendorprefixed syntax should be removed.
Why?
Anyone promoting unstable features to authors should document them using their standard unprefixed syntax, and avoid
encouraging the use of the vendorprefixed syntax for any purpose other than working around implementation differences.
§ 3.2.3.2. Preserving the Openness of CSS
In order to preserve the open nature of CSS as a technology, vendors should make it possible for other implementors to
freely implement any features that they do ship. To this end, they should provide specediting and testing resources to
complete standardization of such features, and avoid other obstacles (e.g., platform dependency, licensing restrictions) to
their competitors shipping the feature.
§ 3.3. Implementations of CRlevel Features
Once a specification reaches the Candidate Recommendation stage, implementers should release an unprefixed
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implementation of any CRlevel feature they can demonstrate to be correctly implemented according to spec, and should
avoid exposing a prefixed variant of that feature.
To establish and maintain the interoperability of CSS across implementations, the CSS Working Group requests that non
experimental CSS renderers submit an implementation report (and, if necessary, the testcases used for that implementation
report) to the W3C before releasing an unprefixed implementation of any CSS features. Testcases submitted to W3C are
subject to review and correction by the CSS Working Group.
Further information on submitting testcases and implementation reports can be found from on the CSS Working Group’s
website at http://www.w3.org/Style/CSS/Test/. Questions should be directed to the publiccsstestsuite@w3.org mailing list.
§ 4. Indices
These sections are nonnormative.
§ 4.1. Terms Index
ISSUE 2 Export terms from animations, backgrounds, selectors, styleattr, conditional, namespaces, ui, css21, and
color so we can fully generate this index. Also, republish stuff that doesn’t have a stable link yet so we can link it here.
§ 4.2. Selector Index
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Described in First
Pattern Meaning defined in
section
level
* any element Universal selector 2
E an element of type E Type selector 1
an E element whose "foo" attribute value is a list of whitespace
E[foo~="bar"] Attribute selectors 2
separated values, one of which is exactly equal to "bar"
an E element whose "foo" attribute value begins exactly with the
E[foo^="bar"] Attribute selectors 3
string "bar"
an E element whose "foo" attribute value ends exactly with the
E[foo$="bar"] Attribute selectors 3
string "bar"
an E element whose "foo" attribute value contains the substring
E[foo*="bar"] Attribute selectors 3
"bar"
an E element whose "foo" attribute has a hyphenseparated list of
E[foo|="en"] Attribute selectors 2
values beginning (from the left) with "en"
Structural pseudo
E:root an E element, root of the document 3
classes
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Structural pseudo
E:nthchild(n) an E element, the nth child of its parent 3
classes
E:nthlast Structural pseudo
an E element, the nth child of its parent, counting from the last one 3
child(n) classes
E:nthof Structural pseudo
an E element, the nth sibling of its type 3
type(n) classes
E:nthlastof Structural pseudo
an E element, the nth sibling of its type, counting from the last one 3
type(n) classes
Structural pseudo
E:firstchild an E element, first child of its parent 2
classes
Structural pseudo
E:lastchild an E element, last child of its parent 3
classes
Structural pseudo
E:firstoftype an E element, first sibling of its type 3
classes
Structural pseudo
E:lastoftype an E element, last sibling of its type 3
classes
Structural pseudo
E:onlychild an E element, only child of its parent 3
classes
E:onlyof Structural pseudo
an E element, only sibling of its type 3
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type classes
Structural pseudo
E:empty an E element that has no children (including text nodes) 3
classes
E:active
The user action
E:hover an E element during certain user actions 1 and 2
pseudoclasses
E:focus
The target pseudo
E:target an E element being the target of the referring URI 3
class
an element of type E in language "fr" (the document language The :lang() pseudo
E:lang(fr) 2
specifies how language is determined) class
The UI element
E:enabled
a user interface element E which is enabled or disabled states pseudo 3
E:disabled
classes
The UI element
a user interface element E which is checked (for instance a radio
E:checked states pseudo 3
button or checkbox)
classes
The ::firstline
E::firstline the first formatted line of an E element 1
pseudoelement
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The ::firstletter
E::firstletter the first formatted letter of an E element 1
pseudoelement
The ::before
E::before generated content before an E element 2
pseudoelement
The ::after pseudo
E::after generated content after an E element 2
element
an E element whose class is "warning" (the document language
E.warning Class selectors 1
specifies how class is determined).
Negation pseudo
E:not(s) an E element that does not match simple selector s 3
class
Descendant
E F an F element descendant of an E element 1
combinator
Adjacent sibling
E + F an F element immediately preceded by an E element 2
combinator
General sibling
E ~ F an F element preceded by an E element 3
combinator
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§ 4.3. AtRule Index
@charset
@fontface
@import
@media
@page
§ 4.4. Property Index
ISSUE 3 Bikeshed should be amended shortly to allow autogenning the propdef index.
§ 4.5. Values Index
ISSUE 4 Crosslinking from CSS Backgrounds and Borders is kinda broken atm...
§ 5. Acknowledgements
Special thanks to Florian Rivoal for creating the initial draft of the §3.2.1 Experimentation and Unstable Features
recommendations.
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§ Index
§ Terms defined by this specification
CSS Level 4, in §2.1 Rough interoperability, in §3.2.3
§ Terms defined by reference
[csscolor4] defines the following [cssui3] defines the following
[csscounterstyles3] defines the
terms: terms:
following terms:
opacity cursor
<counterstyle>
outline
[cssconditional3] defines the @counterstyle
following terms:
@media
@supports
§ References
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§ Normative References
¶ [CSS2]
Bert Bos; et al. Cascading Style Sheets Level 2 Revision 1 (CSS 2.1) Specification. 7 June 2011. REC. URL:
http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2
¶ [CSS21]
Bert Bos; et al. Cascading Style Sheets Level 2 Revision 1 (CSS 2.1) Specification. 7 June 2011. REC. URL:
http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2
¶ [SELECT]
Tantek Çelik; et al. Selectors Level 3. 29 September 2011. REC. URL: http://www.w3.org/TR/css3selectors/
¶ [COMPOSITING]
Rik Cabanier; Nikos Andronikos. Compositing and Blending Level 1. 13 January 2015. CR. URL:
http://www.w3.org/TR/compositing1/
¶ [CSSCASCADE3]
Elika Etemad; Tab Atkins Jr.. CSS Cascading and Inheritance Level 3. 16 April 2015. CR. URL:
http://www.w3.org/TR/csscascade3/
¶ [CSSCOLOR4]
CSS Color Module Level 4 URL: https://drafts.csswg.org/csscolor4/
¶ [CSSCONDITIONAL3]
CSS Conditional Rules Module Level 3 URL: http://www.w3.org/TR/css3conditional/
¶ [CSSCOUNTERSTYLES3]
Tab Atkins Jr.. CSS Counter Styles Level 3. 11 June 2015. CR. URL: http://www.w3.org/TR/csscounterstyles3/
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¶ [CSSFONTS3]
John Daggett. CSS Fonts Module Level 3. 3 October 2013. CR. URL: http://www.w3.org/TR/cssfonts3/
¶ [CSSSTYLEATTR]
Tantek Çelik; Elika Etemad. CSS Style Attributes. 7 November 2013. REC. URL: http://www.w3.org/TR/cssstyleattr
¶ [CSSSYNTAX3]
Tab Atkins Jr.; Simon Sapin. CSS Syntax Module Level 3. 20 February 2014. CR. URL: http://www.w3.org/TR/css
syntax3/
¶ [CSSUI3]
Tantek Çelik; Florian Rivoal. CSS Basic User Interface Module Level 3 (CSS3 UI). 7 July 2015. CR. URL:
http://www.w3.org/TR/cssui3/
¶ [CSSVALUES]
Tab Atkins Jr.; Elika Etemad. CSS Values and Units Module Level 3. 11 June 2015. CR. URL: http://www.w3.org/TR/css
values/
¶ [CSS3BACKGROUND]
Bert Bos; Elika Etemad; Brad Kemper. CSS Backgrounds and Borders Module Level 3. 9 September 2014. CR. URL:
http://www.w3.org/TR/css3background/
¶ [CSS3COLOR]
Tantek Çelik; Chris Lilley; David Baron. CSS Color Module Level 3. 7 June 2011. REC. URL: http://www.w3.org/TR/css3
color
¶ [CSS3CONDITIONAL]
David Baron. CSS Conditional Rules Module Level 3. 4 April 2013. CR. URL: http://www.w3.org/TR/css3conditional/
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¶ [CSS3IMAGES]
Elika Etemad; Tab Atkins Jr.. CSS Image Values and Replaced Content Module Level 3. 17 April 2012. CR. URL:
http://www.w3.org/TR/css3images/
¶ [CSS3MEDIAQUERIES]
Florian Rivoal; et al. Media Queries. 19 June 2012. REC. URL: http://www.w3.org/TR/css3mediaqueries/
¶ [CSS3MULTICOL]
Håkon Wium Lie. CSS Multicolumn Layout Module. 12 April 2011. CR. URL: http://www.w3.org/TR/css3multicol
¶ [CSS3NAMESPACE]
Elika Etemad. CSS Namespaces Module Level 3. 20 March 2014. REC. URL: http://www.w3.org/TR/cssnamespaces3/
§ Informative References
¶ [CSSFLEXBOX1]
Tab Atkins Jr.; Elika Etemad; Rossen Atanassov. CSS Flexible Box Layout Module Level 1. 14 May 2015. LCWD. URL:
http://www.w3.org/TR/cssflexbox1/
¶ [CSSMASKING1]
Dirk Schulze; Brian Birtles; Tab Atkins Jr.. CSS Masking Module Level 1. 26 August 2014. CR. URL:
http://www.w3.org/TR/cssmasking1/
¶ [CSSSHAPES1]
Vincent Hardy; Rossen Atanassov; Alan Stearns. CSS Shapes Module Level 1. 20 March 2014. CR. URL:
http://www.w3.org/TR/cssshapes1/
https://www.w3.org/TR/CSS/#css 26/28
14/05/2016 CSS Snapshot 2015
¶ [CSSTEXTDECOR3]
Elika Etemad; Koji Ishii. CSS Text Decoration Module Level 3. 1 August 2013. CR. URL: http://www.w3.org/TR/csstext
decor3/
¶ [CSS3ANIMATIONS]
Dean Jackson; et al. CSS Animations. 19 February 2013. WD. URL: http://www.w3.org/TR/css3animations/
¶ [CSS3SPEECH]
Daniel Weck. CSS Speech Module. 20 March 2012. CR. URL: http://www.w3.org/TR/css3speech/
¶ [CSS3TRANSFORMS]
Simon Fraser; et al. CSS Transforms Module Level 1. 26 November 2013. WD. URL: http://www.w3.org/TR/css
transforms1/
¶ [CSS3TRANSITIONS]
Dean Jackson; et al. CSS Transitions. 19 November 2013. WD. URL: http://www.w3.org/TR/css3transitions/
§ Issues Index
ISSUE 1 Add willchange once it’s pushed to CR ↵
ISSUE 2 Export terms from animations, backgrounds, selectors, styleattr, conditional, namespaces, ui, css21, and
color so we can fully generate this index. Also, republish stuff that doesn’t have a stable link yet so we can link it here. ↵
https://www.w3.org/TR/CSS/#css 27/28
14/05/2016 CSS Snapshot 2015
ISSUE 3 Bikeshed should be amended shortly to allow autogenning the propdef index. ↵
ISSUE 4 Crosslinking from CSS Backgrounds and Borders is kinda broken atm... ↵
https://www.w3.org/TR/CSS/#css 28/28