Css Manual
Css Manual
Institute,………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Client Side Scripting languages (22519) for the academic year ..................... to
Seal of Institution
Client Side Scripting Languages (22519 ) Prepared By-Mrs. S.S. kadam
PO 3.Experiments and practice: Plan to perform experiments and practices to use the results to
solve broad-based Computer engineering problems.
PO 4.Engineering tools: Apply relevant Computer technologies and tools with an understanding
of the limitations.
PO 5.The engineer and society: Assess societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the
consequent responsibilities relevant to practice in field of Computer engineering.
PO 7. Ethics: Apply ethical principles for commitment to professional ethics, responsibilities and
norms of the practice also in the field of Computer engineering.
PO 8.Individual and team work: Function effectively as a leader and team member in diverse/
multidisciplinary teams.
PO 10.Life-long learning: Engage in independent and life-long learning activities in the context
of technological changes in the Computer engineering field and allied industry.
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Content Page
Total
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o simple syntax
JavaScript How To
– The HTML <script> tag is used to insert a JavaScript into an HTML page
<script type=“text/javascript”>
</script>
o Optional; required when you want to put multiple statements on a single line
JavaScript can be inserted within the head, the body, or use external JavaScript file
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<script type=“text/javascript”>
<!—
document.write(“Hello World!”)
// -->
</script>
JavaScript Variables
<html>
<script language="JavaScript">
Prepared By-Miss.P.S.Dungarwal 6
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alert("Hello World!");
</script>
</html>
<html>
<script language="JavaScript">
varans = 0;
varfirstnum = 0;
varsecondnum = 0;
document.write(ans);
</script>
</html>
Questions:
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1. The if Statement
Use the if statement to specify a block of JavaScript code to be executed if a condition is true.
Syntax
if (condition) {
// block of code to be executed if the condition is true
}
Syntax
if (condition) {
// block of code to be executed if the condition is true
} else {
// block of code to be executed if the condition is false
}
Syntax
if (condition1) {
// block of code to be executed if condition1 is true
} else if (condition2) {
// block of code to be executed if the condition1 is false and condition2 is true
} else {
// block of code to be executed if the condition1 is false and condition2 is false
}
4. TheSwitch Statement
Use the switch statement to select one of many code blocks to be executed.
Syntax
switch(expression) {
case x:
// code block
break;
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case y:
// code block
break;
default:
// code block
}
JavaScript Loops
1. for loop
Loops are handy, if you want to run the same code over and over again, each time with a different value.
Syntax:-
for (initialization condition; testing condition; increment/decrement)
{
statement(s)
}
Or for objects
for (variableName in Object)
{
statement(s)
}
2. do while:
do while loop is similar to while loop with only difference that it checks for condition after executing the
statements, and therefore is an example of Exit Control Loop.
Syntax:
do
{
statements..
}while (condition);
3. While loop
A while loop is a control flow statement that allows code to be executed repeatedly based on a given
Boolean condition. The while loop can be thought of as a repeating if statement.
Syntax :
while (boolean condition)
{
loop statements...
}
Programs:
1.for loop
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< /script>
2. for..in loop
// creating an Object
varlanguages = { first : "C", second : "Java",
third : "Python", fourth : "PHP",
fifth : "JavaScript"};
< /script>
3. do ..while loop
varx = 21;
do
{
// The line while be printer even
// if the condition is false
document.write("Value of x:"+ x + "<br />");
x++;
} while(x < 20);
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< /script>
4. while loop
varx = 1;
< /script>
5. if…else
vari = 10;
< /script>
6. switch case
vari = 9;
switch(i)
{
case0:
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document.write("i is zero.");
break;
case1:
document.write("i is one.");
break;
case2:
document.write("i is two.");
break;
default:
document.write("i is greater than 2.");
}
</script>
Questions
1. Is JavaScript case sensitive? Give an example?
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Creating an Array
Using an array literal is the easiest way to create a JavaScript Array.
Syntax:
var array_name = [item1, item2, ...];
Eg :-1
<html>
<body>
<script>
var i;
varemp = new Array();
emp[0] = "Arun";
emp[1] = "Varun";
emp[2] = "John";
for (i=0;i<emp.length;i++){
document.write(emp[i] + "<br>");
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
2.
<html>
<body>
<script>
varemp=["Sonoo","Vimal","Ratan"];
for (i=0;i<emp.length;i++){
document.write(emp[i] + "<br/>");
}
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</script>
</body>
</html>
find() It returns the value of the first element in the given array that satisfies the specified
condition.
findIndex() It returns the index value of the first element in the given array that satisfies the
specified condition.
indexOf() It searches the specified element in the given array and returns the index of the first
match.
lastIndexOf() It searches the specified element in the given array and returns the index of the last
match.
pop() It removes and returns the last element of an array.
push() It adds one or more elements to the end of an array.
reverse() It reverses the elements of given array.
shift() It removes and returns the first element of an array.
sort() It returns the element of the given array in a sorted order.
Questions:
1. What is array?
2. How to defined array?
3. Write a JavaScript code to demonstrate Array Literals.
4. Write a JavaScript code to sort array elements in ascending order.
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JavaScript functions are used to perform operations. We can call JavaScript function many times to
reuse the code.
Example
<html>
<body>
<script>
functionmsg()
{
alert("hello! this is message");
}
</script>
<input type="button" onclick="msg()" value="call function"/>
</body>
</html>
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<form>
<input type="button" value="click" onclick="getcube(4)"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
Questions:
1. Define term “Function”. Write syntax to create function in JavaScript.
2. Write a JavaScript code to demonstrate function
3. Write a JavaScript code to demonstrate function calling another function .
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JavaScript String
The JavaScript string is an object that represents a sequence of characters.
There are 2 ways to create string in JavaScript
1. By string literal
2. By string object (using new keyword)
1) By string literal
The string literal is created using double quotes. The syntax of creating string using string literal is given
below:
var stringname="string value";
Example:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<script>
varstr="This is string literal";
document.write(str);
</script>
</body>
</html>
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<script>
varstringname=new String("hello javascript string");
document.write(stringname);
</script>
</body>
</html>
lastIndexOf() It provides the position of a char value present in the given string by searching a
character from the last position.
search() It searches a specified regular expression in a given string and returns its position if a
match occurs.
match() It searches a specified regular expression in a given string and returns that regular
expression if a match occurs.
replace() It replaces a given string with the specified replacement.
substr() It is used to fetch the part of the given string on the basis of the specified starting
position and length.
substring() It is used to fetch the part of the given string on the basis of the specified index.
toLowerCase() It converts the given string into lowercase letter.
toUpperCase() It converts the given string into uppercase letter.
toString() It provides a string representing the particular object.
valueOf() It provides the primitive value of string object.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<script>
varstr="javascript";
document.write(str.charAt(2));
var s1="javascript ";
var s2="concat example";
var s3=s1.concat(s2);
document.write(s3);
var s1="javascript from javatpointindexof";
var n=s1.indexOf("from");
document.write(n);
var s1="javascript from javatpointindexof";
var n=s1.lastIndexOf("java");
document.write(n);
var s1="JavaScript toLowerCase Example";
var s2=s1.toLowerCase();
document.write(s2);
var s1="JavaScript toUpperCase Example";
var s2=s1.toUpperCase();
document.write(s2);
</script>
</body>
</html>
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Questions:
1. Write a JavaScript code to retrieve character at specified position from string.
2. Write a JavaScript code to find out first and last index of given character from string.
3. Write a JavaScript code to display all characters from string in uppercase.
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Text input
A text field:
<input type="text" name="textfield" value="with an initial value" />
A password field:
<input type="password" name="textfield3" value="secret" />
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Buttons
A submit button:send data
<input type="submit" name="Submit" value="Submit" />
A reset button:restore all form elements to their initial state
<input type="reset" name="Submit2" value="Reset" />
A plain button:take some action as specified by JavaScript
<input type="button" name="Submit3" value="Push Me" />
Radio buttons
Radio buttons:<br>
<input type="radio" name="radiobutton" value="myValue1" />male<br>
<input type="radio" name="radiobutton" value="myValue2” checked="checked" />female
If two or more radio buttons have the same name, the user can only select one of them at a time. This is
how you make a radio button “group”.
If you ask for the value of that name, you will get the value specified for the selected radio buttonas
with checkboxes, radio buttons do not contain any text.
Labels
A label tag will bind the text to the control
<label><input type="radio" name="gender" value="m" />male</label>
Checkboxes
A checkbox: <input type="checkbox" name="checkbox" value="checkbox" checked="checked">
type: "checkbox"
name: used to reference this form element from JavaScript
value: value to be returned when element is checked
Additional arguments:
size: the number of items visible in the list (default is "1")
multiple
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if set to "true" (or just about anything else), any number of items may be selected
if omitted, only one item may be selected
if set to "false", behavior depends on the particular browser
Example
<html><body>
<form action="">
User name:<br>
<input type="text" name="userid"><br>
User password:<br>
<input type="password" name="psw"><br>
<input type="submit" value="Submit"><br>
<input type="reset"><br>
<input type="radio" name="gender" value="male" checked> Male
<input type="radio" name="gender" value="female"> Female
<input type="radio" name="gender" value="other">Other<br>
<input type="checkbox" name="vehicle1" value="Bike"> I have a bike
<input type="checkbox" name="vehicle2" value="Car"> I have a car <br>
</form>
</body></html>
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Questions:
1. What is form? Give uses of form.
2. Explain building blocks of form.
3. Explain form tag with all its attributes.
4. Create a web page of registration using form elements.
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What is an Event?
JavaScript's interaction with HTML is handled through events that occur when the user or the browser
manipulates a page.
When the page loads, it is called an event. When the user clicks a button, that click too is an event. Other
examples include events like pressing any key, closing a window, resizing a window, etc.
Developers can use these events to execute JavaScript coded responses, which cause buttons to close
windows, messages to be displayed to users, data to be validated, and virtually any other type of
response imaginable.
HTML allows event handler attributes, with JavaScript code, to be added to HTML elements.
With single quotes:
<element event='some JavaScript'>
With double quotes:
<element event="some JavaScript">
Event &Event handlers for Form Elements.
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Examples
Click Events:-
1. onclick Event
<html>
<head>
<script type = "text/javascript">
functionsayHello()
{
alert("Hello World")
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form><input type = "button" onclick = "sayHello()" value = "Say Hello" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
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2. ondblclick event
<html>
<head>
<script>
functionmyFunction() {
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = "Hello World";
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<p ondblclick="myFunction()">
Doubleclick this paragraph to trigger a function.</p>
<p id="demo"></p>
</body>
</html>
onmouseout event
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h1 onmouseover="style.color='red'" onmouseout="style.color='black'">Mouse over this text</h1>
</body>
</html>
2.onmouseup&onmousedown event
<html>
<head>
<script>
functionmyFunction(elmnt, clr)
{ elmnt.style.color = clr;
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<p onmousedown="myFunction(this,'red')" onmouseup="myFunction(this,'green')">
hi how r u?
</p>
</body>
</html>
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Questions:
1.what is Event? List various form events.
2. Describe onblur & onfocus function with example.
3. Write a JavaScript code to implement onmouseover and onmouseout Events.
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Load Events:-
1.onload event
<html>
<head>
<script>
functionmyFunction() {
alert("Page is loaded");
}
</script>
</head>
<body onload="myFunction()">
<h2>Hello World!</h2>
</body>
</html>
2.unload event
<html>
<head>
<script>
functionmyFunction()
{
alert("Thank you for visiting My page!");
}
</script>
</head>
<body onunload="myFunction()">
</body>
</html>
Key Events
1.onkeypress event
<html>
<head>
<script>
functionmyFunction() {
alert("You pressed a key inside the input field");
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<input type="text" onkeypress="myFunction()">
</body>
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</html>
2. onkeyup event
<html>
<head>
<script>
functionmyFunction() {
var x = document.getElementById("fname");
x.value = x.value.toUpperCase();
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
Enter your name: <input type="text" id="fname" onkeyup="myFunction()">
</body>
</html>
3. onkeydown event
<html>
<head>
<script>
functionmyFunction() {
alert("You pressed a key inside the input field");
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<input type="text" onkeydown="myFunction()">
</body>
</html>
Other Events
1.onchange event
<html>
<head>
<script>
functionmyFunction() {
var x = document.getElementById("fname");
x.value = x.value.toUpperCase();
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
Enter your name: <input type="text" id="fname" onchange="myFunction()">
</body>
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</html>
2. onselect event
<html>
<head>
<script>
functionmyFunction()
{
document.write("selected some text");
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
Some text: <input type="text" value="Hello world!" onselect="myFunction()">
</body>
</html>
3. onfocus event
<html>
<head>
<script>
functionmyFunction(x)
{
x.style.background = "yellow";
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
Enter your name: <input type="text" onfocus="myFunction(this)">
</body>
</html>
4. onblur event
<html>
<head>
<script>
functionmyFunction()
{
var x = document.getElementById("fname");
x.value = x.value.toUpperCase();
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
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5. onreset event
<html>
<head>
<script>
function message() {
alert("This alert box was triggered by the onreset event handler");
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form onreset="message()">
Enter your name: <input type="text" size="20">
<input type="reset">
</form>
</body>
</html>
6. onsubmit event
<html>
<head>
<script>
functionconfirmInput()
{
fname = document.forms[0].fname.value;
alert("Hello " + fname + "! You will now be redirected to My Page");
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form onsubmit="confirmInput()" action="https://google.com/">
Enter your name: <input id="fname" type="text" size="20">
<input type="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>
Question:
1. Explain various key events with example
2. Design a form using different types of events.
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Intrinsic Functions
Intrinsic functions means the built in functions that are provided by JavaScript.
The JavaScript provides the intrinsic functions for Submit or Reset button. One can use
these functionalities while submitting the form or resetting the form fields.
The submit() method of the form object can be used to send the form to the server in
exactly same way as if the user has pressed the Submit button.
JavaScript Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<form name=”myform”>
Roll Number:<input type=”text” name=”roll”/>
<br/> <br/>
Name :<input type=”text” name=”name”/>
<br/><br/>
<img src =”submit.gif” onlclik=”javascript:document.forms.myform.submit()”/>
<br/><br/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
Disabling Elements
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}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form name=”myform”>
Username:<input type=”text” name=”name”/>
<br/> <br/>
<input type=”button” value=”Disable Name Field” onclick=” DisableFunction()”/>
<br/><br/>
<input type=”button” value=”Enable Name Field” onclick=” EnableFunction()”/>
</form> </body> </html>
Read-Only Elements
Sometimes we need to set some value to a field which user should not change.to restrict user
from changing the value of perticular field we make that element readonly by setting
readonly=true.
If the readonly attribute is set false ,then anyone ,including the user entering information into the
form ,can change the value of the elemet.
Following example illustrates the use of readonly element
JavaScript Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<script type =”text/javascript”>
Function ReadOnlyFunction()
{ document.forms.myform.name.readOnly=true
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form name=”myform”>
Username: <input type=”text” name=”name”/>
<br/> <br/>
<input type=”button” value=”Read-only Name Field” onclick=” ReadOnlyFunction())”/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
Questions:
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A cookie is a piece of data that is stored on your computer to be accessed by your browser. You also
might have enjoyed the benefits of cookies knowingly or unknowingly.Cookies are data, stored in small
text files, on your computer.
How It Works ?
Your server sends some data to the visitor's browser in the form of a cookie. The browser may accept
the cookie. If it does, it is stored as a plain text record on the visitor's hard drive. Now, when the visitor
arrives at another page on your site, the browser sends the same cookie to the server for retrieval. Once
retrieved, your server knows/remembers what was stored earlier.
Cookies are a plain text data record of 5 variable-length fields −
Expires − The date the cookie will expire. If this is blank, the cookie will expire when the visitor
quits the browser.
Domain − The domain name of your site.
Path − The path to the directory or web page that set the cookie. This may be blank if you want
to retrieve the cookie from any directory or page.
Secure − If this field contains the word "secure", then the cookie may only be retrieved with a
secure server. If this field is blank, no such restriction exists.
Name=Value − Cookies are set and retrieved in the form of key-value pairs
Create a Cookie with JavaScript
You can create cookies using document.cookie property.
document.cookie = "cookiename=cookievalue"
You can even add expiry date to your cookie so that the particular cookie will be removed from the
computer on the specified date. The expiry date should be set in the UTC/GMT format. If you do not set
the expiry date, the cookie will be removed when the user closes the browser.
Storing Cookies
The simplest way to create a cookie is to assign a string value to the document.cookie object, which
looks like this.
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Note − Cookie values may not include semicolons, commas, or whitespace. For this reason, you may want
to use the JavaScript escape() function to encode the value before storing it in the cookie. If you do this,
you will also have to use the corresponding unescape() function when you read the cookie value.
Example
<html>
<head>
<script type = "text/javascript">
functionWriteCookie() {
if(document.myform.customer.value == "" )
{
alert("Enter some value!");
return;
}
cookievalue = escape(document.myform.customer.value) + ";";
document.cookie = "name=" + cookievalue;
document.write ("Setting Cookies : " + "name=" + cookievalue );
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form name = "myform" >
Enter name: <input type = "text" name = "customer"/>
<input type = "button" value = "Set Cookie" onclick = "WriteCookie();"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
You can access the cookie like this which will return all the cookies saved for the current domain
var x = document.cookie
Reading a cookie is just as simple as writing one, because the value of the document.cookie object is the
cookie. So you can use this string whenever you want to access the cookie. The document.cookie string
will keep a list of name=value pairs separated by semicolons, where name is the name of a cookie and
value is its string value.You can use strings' split() function to break a string into key and values
Example
<html>
<head>
<script type = "text/javascript">
functionReadCookie() {
varallcookies = document.cookie;
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Example
<html>
<head>
<script type = "text/javascript">
functionWriteCookie() {
var now = new Date();
now.setMonth(now.getMonth() + 1 );
cookievalue = escape(document.myform.customer.value) + ";"
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</html>
To delete a cookie, you just need to set the value of the cookie to empty and set the value of expires to
a passed date.
Example
<html>
<head>
<script type = "text/javascript">
functionWriteCookie() {
var now = new Date();
now.setMonth(now.getMonth() - 1 );
cookievalue = escape(document.myform.customer.value) + ";"
</head>
<body>
<form name = "myform" action = "">
Enter name: <input type = "text" name = "customer"/>
<input type = "button" value = "Set Cookie" onclick = "WriteCookie()"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
Questions:
1. What is cookies?
2. State and explain types of cookies?
3. How to create a cookies? Explain with example.
4. Write a Javascript code to read and write cookie value.
5. Write a Javascript code to delete the cookie.
6. Write JavaScript code to set expiration date of cookie.
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Practical No.11.Develop a webpage for placing the window on the screen and
working with child window.
Window Object
The window object represents an open window in a browser. If a document contain frames (< iframe >
tags), the browser creates one window object for the HTML document, and one additional window
object for each frame.
Syntax
window.open(URL, name, specs, replace)
Parameter Description
URL Optional. Specifies the URL of the page to open. If no URL is specified, a new window/tab with
about:blank is opened
name Optional. Specifies the target attribute or the name of the window. The following values are
supported:
_blank - URL is loaded into a new window, or tab. This is default
_parent - URL is loaded into the parent frame
_self - URL replaces the current page
_top - URL replaces any framesets that may be loaded
name - The name of the window
specs Optional. A comma-separated list of items, no whitespaces. The following values are supported:
channelmode=yes|no|1|0 Whether or not to display the window in theater mode. Default is no. IE
only
directories=yes|no|1|0 Obsolete. Whether or not to add directory buttons. Default is yes. IE
only
fullscreen=yes|no|1|0 Whether or not to display the browser in full-screen mode. Default is
no. A window in full-screen mode must also be in theater mode. IE only
height=pixels The height of the window. Min. value is 100
left=pixels The left position of the window. Negative values not allowed
location=yes|no|1|0 Whether or not to display the address field. Opera only
menubar=yes|no|1|0 Whether or not to display the menu bar
resizable=yes|no|1|0 Whether or not the window is resizable. IE only
scrollbars=yes|no|1|0 Whether or not to display scroll bars. IE, Firefox & Opera only
status=yes|no|1|0 Whether or not to add a status bar
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titlebar=yes|no|1|0 Whether or not to display the title bar. Ignored unless the calling
application is an HTML Application or a trusted dialog box
toolbar=yes|no|1|0 Whether or not to display the browser toolbar. IE and Firefox only
top=pixels The top position of the window. Negative values not allowed
width=pixels The width of the window. Min. value is 100
replace Optional. Specifies whether the URL creates a new entry or replaces the current entry in the
history list. The following values are supported:
true - URL replaces the current document in the history list
false - URL creates a new entry in the history list
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>Click the button to open an about:blank page in a new browser window that is 200px wide and
100px tall.</p>
<button onclick="myFunction()">Try it</button>
<script>
function myFunction() {
var myWindow = window.open("", "", "width=200,height=100");
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
Window.close()
This method is used to close the window which are opened by window.open() method.
Syntax
window.close()
Window print() Method
The print() method prints the contents of the current window.The print() method opens the Print Dialog
Box, which lets the user to select preferred printing options.
window.print();
The resizeBy() method resizes a window by the specified amount, relative to its current size.
Syntax:
resizeBy(width, height)
The moveBy() method moves a window a specified number of pixels relative to its current
coordinates.
Syntax:
window.moveBy(x, y)
The resizeTo() method resizes a window to the specified width and height.
Syntax:
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window.resizeTo(width, height)
The scrollBy() method scrolls the document by the specified number of pixels.
Syntax
window.scrollBy(xnum, ynum)
The setInterval() method calls a function or evaluates an expression at specified intervals (in
milliseconds).The setInterval() method will continue calling the function until clearInterval() is
called, or the window is closed.The ID value returned by setInterval() is used as the parameter
for the clearInterval() method.
Tip: 1000 ms = 1 second.
Tip: To execute a function only once, after a specified number of milliseconds, use the setTimeout()
method.
Syntax:
setInterval(function, milliseconds, param1, param2, ...)
Parameter Description
function Required. The function that will be executed
milliseconds Required. The intervals (in milliseconds) on how often to execute the code. If
the value is less than 10, the value 10 is used
param1, param2, ... Optional. Additional parameters to pass to the function
The setTimeout() method calls a function or evaluates an expression after a specified number of
milliseconds.
Syntax:
setTimeout(function, milliseconds, param1, param2, ...)
Parameter Values
Parameter Description
function Required. The function that will be executed
milliseconds Optional. The number of milliseconds to wait before executing the code. If
omitted, the value 0 is used
param1, param2, ... Optional. Additional parameters to pass to the function
Example
<html>
<body>
<p>Click the button to open a new window and close the window after three seconds (3000
milliseconds)</p>
<button onclick="openWin()">Open "myWindow"</button>
<script>
function openWin() {
var myWindow = window.open("", "myWindow", "width=200, height=100");
myWindow.document.write("<p>This is 'myWindow'</p>");
setTimeout(function(){ myWindow.close() }, 3000);
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
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Questions:
1. How to open window. Describe various style of window.
2. Write a JavaScript to set the window position.
3. How to close a window? Explain with example.
4. What is difference between scrollTo() and scrollBy()
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Practical No.12. Develop a web page for validation of form fields using regular
expressions.
Syntax
/pattern/modifiers;
Example
var patt = /w3schools/i;
Example explained:
/w3schools/i is a regular expression.
w3schools is a pattern (to be used in a search).
i is a modifier (modifies the search to be case-insensitive).
Example
Use a string to do a search for "W3schools" in a string:
var str = "Visit W3Schools!";
var n = str.search("W3Schools");
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Quantifiers
Quantifier Description
n+ Matches any string that contains at least one n
n* Matches any string that contains zero or more occurrences of n
n? Matches any string that contains zero or one occurrences of n
n{X} Matches any string that contains a sequence of X n's
n{X,Y} Matches any string that contains a sequence of X to Y n's
n{X,} Matches any string that contains a sequence of at least X n's
n$ Matches any string with n at the end of it
^n Matches any string with n at the beginning of it
?=n Matches any string that is followed by a specific string n
?!n Matches any string that is not followed by a specific string n
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Using test()
The following example searches a string for the character "e":
Example
var patt = /e/;
patt.test("The best things in life are free!");
Since there is an "e" in the string, the output of the code above will be:
true
You don't have to put the regular expression in a variable first. The two lines above can be shortened to
one:
/e/.test("The best things in life are free!");
Using exec()
The exec() method is a RegExp expression method.
It searches a string for a specified pattern, and returns the found text as an object.
If no match is found, it returns an empty (null) object.
The following example searches a string for the character "e":
Example 1
/e/.exec("The best things in life are free!");
Questions:
1.What is regular expression?
2. Develop a web page for validation of form fields using regular expressions.
3.Explain the use of RegExp functions in regular expression.
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Rollover means a webpage changes when the user moves his or her mouse over an object on the
page. It is often used in advertising. There are two ways to create rollover, using plain HTML or using a
mixture of JavaScript and HTML. We will demonstrate the creation of rollovers using both methods.
We create a rollover effect that can change the color of its text using the style attribute.
<p
onmouseover=”this.style.color=’red'”
onmouseout=”this.style.color=’blue'”>
Move the mouse over this text to change its color to red. Move the mouse away to
change the text color to blue.
</p>
This example shows how to create rollover effect that involves text and images. When the user places
his or her mouse pointer over a book title, the corresponding book image appears.
<html>
<head>
<title>Rollover Effect</title>
</head>
<body>
<table>
<tbody>
<trvalign=”top”>
<td width=”50″>
<a><imgsrc=”vb2010book.jpg” name=”book”></a>
</td>
<td><img height=”1″ width=”10″></td>
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Questions:
1.What is rollover? How to create text rollover? Explain with example
2.Write a Javascript code for text rollover.
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The <select> element is used to create a drop-down list. The <option> tags inside the <select> element
define the available options in the list.
Example
<html>
<body>
<select>
<option value="volvo">Volvo</option>
<option value="saab">Saab</option>
<option value="opel">Opel</option>
<option value="audi">Audi</option>
</select>
</body>
</html>
To create an interdependent select list, where selecting the options of one select element changes the
options of another with corresponding content.
Example
<html>
<head>
<script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">
function dynamicdropdown(listindex)
{
switch (listindex)
{
case "manual" :
document.getElementById("status").options[0]=new Option("Select status","");
document.getElementById("status").options[1]=new Option("OPEN","open");
document.getElementById("status").options[2]=new Option("DELIVERED","delivered");
break;
case "online" :
document.getElementById("status").options[0]=new Option("Select status","");
document.getElementById("status").options[1]=new Option("OPEN","open");
document.getElementById("status").options[2]=new Option("DELIVERED","delivered");
document.getElementById("status").options[3]=new Option("SHIPPED","shipped");
break;
}
return true;
}
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</script>
</head>
<title>Dynamic Drop Down List</title>
<body>
<div class="category_div" id="category_div">Source:
<select id="source" name="source" onchange="javascript:
dynamicdropdown(this.options[this.selectedIndex].value);">
<option value="">Select source</option>
<option value="manual">MANUAL</option>
<option value="online">ONLINE</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="sub_category_div" id="sub_category_div">Status:
<script type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript">
document.write('<select name="status" id="status"><option value="">Select
status</option></select>')
</script>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Questions:
1.What is menu? Explain with example.
2.What is pull down menu? Explain with example.
3. Develop a web page which validating menu Selection.
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Practical.No.15. Develop a webpage for implementing Status bars and web page
protection.
JavaScript gives you the ability to modify the status bar. For example it can be useful to display
information about a link, when the user moves his mouse over it or you can display a small amount of
information about the page the user is on in the status bar. You can also trick people into clicking a link,
so be careful how you use it. If you play too many tricks on your visitors, they might not come back.
<html>
<head>
</body>
</html>
onLoad tells the browser that as soon as your page finished loading, it will display in your current
window’s status bar (window.status) the message “Welcome!”. The return true is necessary because
without, it won’t work.
<html>
<head>
<title>JavaScript Status Bar</title></head>
<body>
<a href="http://www.htmlcenter.com"
onMouseOver="window.status='HTMLcenter';return true"
onMouseOut="window.status='';return true">
HTMLcenter
</a>
</body>
</html>
Our second script listening shows how to modify the status bar using onMouseOver and onMouseOut
with links. When the user moves his mouse over the link, it will display “HTMLcenter” in the status bar.
When he moves his mouse away from the link the status bar will display nothing.
You could also have another message displayed in the status bar, when the user moves his mouse cursor
away from the link. You have to change the onMouseOut statement in the link to for example:
onMouseOut=”window.status=’You moved your cursor away from the link.’;return true”.
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<html>
<head>
<title>Scrolling Text</title>
<script language="JavaScript">
var scrollPos = 0
var maxScroll = 100
var blanks = ""
There are so many ways for users to get around this method of protection that it shouldn't even
really be considered a method of protecting your data. Disable JavaScript. For this to work, JavaScript
must be enabled on the browser. View the source code and locate the image or text they want to copy
in the source code. Drag the image from the browser and drop it into the desktop, file manager, or
another open program. Disable the ability for user to highlight text, copy, and paste it elsewhere.
Example
<html>
<head>
<script language="JavaScript">
function function2() {
alert("This image is copyrighted")
}
</script>
</head>
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<body oncontextmenu="function2()">
<p>Right click in the image.</p>
<img oncontextmenu="function2()"
src="http://www.java2s.com/style/logo.png"
alt="www.java2s.com"
width="99"
height="76">
</body>
</html>
If you want to disable the context menu, add the following code to the <body>:
oncontextmenu="function2(); return false;"
Questions:
1. What is status bar?
2. How to build a static massage in status bar?
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Rotating banners ads comprises several banner images that constantly rotate on a webpage at a
fix time interval. You can create these banner images using standard graphics tools.
<html>
<head>
<script language="Javascript">MyBanners=new
Array('banner1.jpg','banner2.jpg','banner3.jpg','banner4.jpg')
banner=0
function ShowBanners()
{ if (document.images)
{ banner++
if (banner==MyBanners.length) {
banner=0}
document.ChangeBanner.src=MyBanners[banner]
setTimeout("ShowBanners()",5000)
}
}
</script>
<body onload="ShowBanners()">
<center>
<img src="banner1.jpg" width="900" height="120" name="ChangeBanner"/>
</center>
</body>
</html>
Creating rotating banner images will provide the visitor to your webpage with some basic
information. However, if you want the visitor to get more information by clicking on the banner images,
you need to create rotating banner ads that contain URL links.
<html>
<head>
<script language="Javascript">MyBanners=new
Array('banner1.jpg','banner2.jpg','banner3.jpg','banner4.jpg')
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MyBannerLinks=new
Array('http://www.vbtutor.net/','http://www.excelvbatutor.com/','http://onlinebizguide4you.com/','htt
p://javascript-tutor.net/')
banner=0
function ShowLinks(){
document.location.href="http://www."+MyBannerLinks[banner]
}function ShowBanners()
{ if (document.images)
{ banner++
if (banner==MyBanners.length) {
banner=0}
document.ChangeBanner.src=MyBanners[banner]
setTimeout("ShowBanners()",5000)
}
}
</script>
<body onload="ShowBanners()">
<center>
<a href="javascript: ShowLinks()">
<img src="banner1.jpg" width="900" height="120" name="ChangeBanner"/></a>
</center>
</body>
</html>
Slide Show
The JavaScript code for the slideshow is almost similar to the JavaScript code of the rotating
banners but it gives control to the user to choose the banner ads he or she wants to see by clicking on
the forward and backward buttons.
To create the JavaScript slideshow, first of all, you need to create a few banner images using
some graphics tools, or you can snap some photos with your digital camera or your smartphone.
<html >
<head>
<script language=”Javascript”>
MySlides=new Array(‘banner1.jpg’,’banner2.jpg’,’banner3.jpg’,’banner4.jpg’)
Slide=0
function ShowSlides(SlideNumber){
{ Slide=Slide+SlideNumber
if (Slide>MySlides.length-1){
Slide=0
}
if (Slide<0) {
Slide=MySlides.length-1
}
document.DisplaySlide.src=MySlides[Slide]
}
}
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</script>
</head>
<body>
<P align=”center”><img src=”banner1.jpg” name=”DisplaySlide” width=”900″ height=”120″ /><p>
<center>
<table border=0>
<tr>
<td align=center>
<input type=”button” value=”Back” onclick=”ShowSlides(-1)”>
<input type=”button” value=”Forward” onclick=”ShowSlides(1)”>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</center>
</body>
</html>
Questions:
1.What is banner?
2.How to load and display the banner advertisement? Explain with example.
3. Write a JavaScript code to create a slide show.
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