BIM Wiki

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Last edited 06 Feb 2024

Related articles

Asset information.
Common data environment CDE
Asset information model.

BIM.

BIM object.

BIM Task Group.

Construction Operations Building Information

Exchange (COBie).

CIC BIM Protocol.

C ll b ti ti

Contents

1 Introduction to BIM
2 Introduction to CDE
3 Information management
4 Status levels
5 Typical structure
6 Related articles on Designing Buildings
7 External Resources

Introduction to BIM

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a very broad term that describes the process of creating and managing digital BIM Directory
information about a built asset.

In the UK, the Government Construction Strategy stated that the '...Government will require fully collaborative 3D BIM (with
Building Information
Modelling (BIM)
all project and asset information, documentation and data being electronic) as a minimum by 2016'. This requires the
creation of a managed 3D environment with data attached, but created in separate, distinct discipline models. These
Information Requirements
separate models may originate with the client, architect, structural engineer, building services engineering, contractor, sub-
contractors, suppliers and other consultants. A federated model is an assembly of these distinct models to create a single, Employer's Information Requirements (EIR)
complete model of the building.
Organisational Information Requirements (OIR)

Asset Information Requirements (AIR)

Introduction to CDE
BIM Execution Plan (BEP)
The common data environment (CDE), explained in BS1192-2007 by Mervyn Richards OBE and the BSI publication
BIP2207, is the single source of information used to collect, manage and disseminate documentation, the graphical model
Information Models
and non-graphical data for the whole project team (i.e. all project information whether created in a BIM environment or in a
conventional data format). Creating this single source of information facilitates collaboration between project team members Project Information Model (PIM)
and helps avoid duplication and mistakes.
Asset Information Model (AIM)
Ownership of information within the CDE remains with the originator of that information. Individual models produced by
Collaborative Practices
different project team members do not interact, they have clear authorship and remain separate. This means that the
liabilities of the originators are not changed by the incorporation of their model into the federated model. There may be Common Data Environment (CDE)
complications however where ownership changes as the project progresses, for example replacing design team objects with
Interoperability
specialist sub-contractor objects.
Industry Foundation Classes (IFC)
Generally, a licence is granted to the client to use the information contained in the separate models for the 'permitted
purpose' (i.e. for the purpose for which that level of detail of information was intended). A sub-license from the client enables COBie
project team members to use models prepared by other project team members.
Uniclass 2015

Information management Collaborative Practices

An information manager, appointed by the client, should set up and manage the common data environment. The information Standards
manager is essentially a procedural gate-keeper, policing the common data environment to ensure that it follows the agreed
BIM Standards
protocols and that the data is secure. They are not a BIM co-ordinator and have no design responsibility and no
responsibility for clash detection or model coordination. ISO 19650

The common data environment may include a number of different information environments. It may include a supply-side BS 1192
common data environment used by the project delivery team, and an employer's information environment that provides an
employer-side document and data management system for the receipt, validation and approval of project information
Levels of BIM
delivered by suppliers.
BIM Level 2
Responsibility for supplying and managing the supply-side common data environment should be clearly identified in the
employer's information requirements. BIM Level 3

PAS 1192 2: Specification for information management for the capital/delivery phase of construction projects using building BIM Dimensions
information modelling, suggests that a CDE may use a project server, an extranet, a file-based retrieval system or other
suitable tool set.
Glossary

It proposes that the advantages of a CDE are: Glossary of BIM Terms

'Ownership of information remains with the originator, although it is shared and reused, only the originator shall change
it;
Guide to BIM Level 2
'Shared information reduces the time and cost in producing co-ordinated information, and
'Any number of documents can be generated from different combinations of model files.'
Guide to Using BIM Level 2 on Projects
And that, 'if the procedures for sharing information are consistently used by the design teams, spatial coordination is a by-
product of using the CDE processes, and will deliver production information that is right first time... it provides the ability to
produce traditional drawings or documents as views of multi-authored data within the CDE. It also gives greater control over
the revisions and versions of that data.'

Status levels

Information within the CDE can have a wide variety of status levels. However, there will generally be four main areas of
information, with a sign-off process allowing information to pass from one area to the next:

Work in progress (WIP): this area is used to hold unapproved information for each organisation;
Shared (or client shared) area: this information has been checked, reviewed and approved for sharing with other
organisations, perhaps including the client;
Published: this information has been authorised or accepted by the client or their representative (often the lead supplier
(designer/constructor)), and
Archive: this area is used to create a constant record of progress throughout the lifecycle as well as all transaction and
change orders.

Typical structure

A typical structure is illustrated below.

While this may sound complex, on small projects, the CDE might simply be common folders on a server, or may use a free,
web-based file-sharing application. Even on large projects, where sophisticated software might be used, during the early
stages of the project it might simply be matter of creating four folders in which files are stored, with files named in
accordance with a standard naming protocol such as that outlined in BS 1192:2007 (now replaced by BS EN ISO 19650).

It should be noted that the CDE itself is not a collaboration tool, although it may be used with one or more collaboration tools.

NB Information management according to BS EN ISO 19650, Guidance Part 2: Processes for Project Delivery (third edition),
published by the UK BIM Alliance, the Centre for Digital Built Britain and the British Standards Institute in January 2020,
suggest that:
 'A CDE solution could be software, (such as UsBIM.platform) or it could be another form of tool. If information is
exchanged by a non-digital solution (for example, a postal service) and/or stored in an
organised hard-copy cabinet (which may, for example, be required on a sensitive project
where digital methods are not permitted), then this can also be described as a CDE solution that can be supported by
workflows.' Ref https://www.ukbimalliance.org/project/information_management/

NB Smart Building Overlay to the RIBA Plan of Work, published by the RIBA in 2024, states: ‘A Common Data Environment
(CDE) is a central repository where construction project information is housed. It is the single source of information for the
project. It is used to collect, manage, collaborate, and share project information with the project team. A CDE is updated
throughout the project life cycle. An important distinction to make is that a CDE alone is not a complete Information
Management Platform as described as part of the UK BIM Framework.’

Related articles on Designing Buildings

Asset information.
Asset information model.
BIM.
BIM object.
BIM Task Group.
Construction Operations Building Information Exchange (COBie).
CIC BIM Protocol.
Collaborative practices.
Data drop.
Digital transformation - what does it mean?
Excel and construction.
Geospatial.
Global Unique IDs (GUIDs).
Government Construction Strategy.
Industry Foundation Classes.
Information manager.
ISO/TC 211 Geographic information/Geomatics.
Model-based design.
Native file.
PAS 1192-2:2013.
PAS 1192-3.
Project information model.
Soft landings.
Supplier Information Technology Assessment form.
Underground asset register for Britain.
Uniclass.
UsBIM.platform
Work in progress.

External Resources

Video: What is a Common Data Environment? By The B1M

Comments

The 1st sentance of this article is misleading. BIM (even at Level 2) does not necissarily involve a 3D model, it may be
simply a collection of 2D drawings and/or other project documents stored within a Common Data Environment (CDE) by
various parties.

The second para is a true statement: In the UK, the Government Construction Strategy stated that the '...Government will
require fully collaborative 3D BIM (with all project and asset information, documentation and data being electronic) as a
minimum by 2016'. This represents a minimum requirement for Level 2 BIM on centrally-procured public projects.

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