LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

SPECIAL PROGRAM IN ICT 9

COMPUTER SYSTEM SERVICING 9
First Quarter, Week 2

Name of Learner: _____________________________ Date:__________________________

Grade Level /Section: __________________________

Computer Hardware and Software, Input, Processing, Output, and

Storage Devices

BACKGROUND INFORMATION FOR LEARNERS

A Computer Hardware is the physical or tangible parts/components of a computer. Computer
hardware is subdivided into three (3) different groups which are input devices, output devices, and a
system unit. Computer hardware can also be subdivided into two (2) components which are external
components, and internal components.

An Input device is a device which lets you enter information inside the computer system. It can
also let you communicate with other computers. Here are some common examples of input device:
1. Keyboard – a device used to type data and sends it into the computer.
2. Mouse – a device used to hover and click mouse pointer.
3. Joystick/Gamepad – a device used commonly in games.
4. Track ball – an upside-down mouse.
5. Light pen – a device used to draw and write in touch-screen monitor.
6. Scanner – allows user to scan documents and view them into computer.
7. Microphone – a device used to record sound.
8. Bar Code Reader – is a device meant to scan and read bar coded data. Used in grocery
and mall industries for purchasing goods.

An Output device is a device which converts input into human-comprehensible form of

information. It can be text, audio, video, and images. Here are some common examples of an output
device:
 1. Monitor – a device where the information is display for the user to see.
2. Printer – an output device which produces text and graphics on papers.
3. Projector – a device used to display images, text, or videos on projection screens using a
lens system.
4. Speaker – is a type of output device to play sounds which is transmitted by sound card
of a computer.

A System Unit is a part of computer which is responsible for accepting information from an
input device, process the information, and transfers the information to the output device. System Unit is
also a called the computer case, computer chassis, or computer tower. The function of System Unit is to
hold and connect all the components together. The outside case of a system unit typically contains a
user-friendly element like power and reset button, USB ports, optical disk drive, speaker and
microphone plugins, HDMI/VGA ports, and PS/2 ports. (The internal parts of a system unit will be
discussed at Learning Activity Sheet Lesson 5)

A Computer Software is a program/instruction that directs the computer for doing a task and can
be stored electronically. Computer hardware is useless without computer software. Computer software
is divided into two (2) categories:
1. System software – helps the computer to carry out basic operating task. It manages
fundamental operating instructions such as loading programs into a memory, execute
programs, saving data, displaying information in monitor, and transmit data through a
port to a peripheral device. Example of system software are: operating systems, utilities,
and device drivers.
2. Application software – are software or programs which has to be installed in order for a
user to use it in a specific task. Example of application software: Microsoft Office –
Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Publisher.
The Input, Processing, Output, and Storage Devices

The flow of data in a computer requires specific hardware for each phase. This includes hardware
for input, processing, output and storage.

Input devices accept data and instructions from the user. These are of two types namely (1)
keyboard entry and (2) direct entry.
1. Keyboard entry wherein data is inputted to the computer through a keyboard.

An example of keyboard
2. Direct entry is a form of input that does not require data to be keyed in using keyboard and
has three categories.

Categories Devices Function

1. Pointing devices - ➢ Mouse The most common 'pointing
used to move the device' used in PCs.
pointer (cursor) on
screen.

➢ Touch Screen A display screen that is sensitive to

the touch of a finger or stylus.

➢ Light pen A light-sensitive stylus wired to a

video terminal used to draw
pictures or select menu options.
 ➢ Digitizer tablet A graphics drawing tablet used for
sketching new images or tracing
old ones.

2. Scanning Devices- ➢ Image scanner A device that optically scans

can read text or images, printed
illustrations printed text, handwriting or an object and
on paper and converts it to a digital image.
translates the
information into a ➢ Bar code An electronic device that can read
form the computer reader/scanner and output printed barcodes to a
can use. computer.

3. Voice- Input ➢ Microphone Allow users to speak to the

Devices - also computer in order to record a voice
known as speech or message or navigate software.
voice recognition
systems that allows
a user to send audio
signals to a
computer for
processing,
recording, or
carrying out
commands.

Processing devices are the components responsible for the processing of information within the
computer system.

Processing Device Function

1. Motherboard The main circuit board of the computer also known as the
mainboard or logic board that connects all the components
of the computer

2. Central Processing Unit The unit which performs most of the processing inside a
computer. It processes all instructions received by
software running on the PC and by other hardware
components.

3. RAM Very high speed storage that temporarily stores data which
the CPU uses
 4. ROM A type of non-volatile memory used in computers and
other electronic devices.

Output devices are pieces of computer hardware that displays results after the computer has
processed the input data that has been entered.

Output Device Function Examples

1. Computer It displays information in visual CRT LCD LED
Display Monitor form, using text and graphics.

2. Image Projector An optical device that projects an

image (or moving images) onto a
surface, commonly a projection
screen.

3. Smart Board A type of display screen that has a

touch sensitive transparent panel
covering the screen, which is
similar to a touch screen.

4. Printer A device that prints text or illustrations on paper.

Inkjet Laser LCD/LED Printer Line Printer Thermal Printer

5. Speakers Used to play sound

Storage devices are responsible for data that has been processed and stored in permanent or
semi-permanent form to be used for later processing or reading.
 Types of Storage Devices Function
1. Floppy Diskette A random access, removable data storage medium that can
be used with personal computers which can store up to
1.44 megabytes (MB) of data.

2. Optical Disk A nonmagnetic, polished metal disk used to store digital

information also known as compact disk.

3. USB flash drive A plug-and-play portable storage device that uses flash
memory. Has a capacity of 1GB, 2GB, 4GB, 8GB, 16GB,
32GB.

4. Hard disk The main, and usually largest, data storage device in
a computer which can store from 500 gigabytes up to 1
terabyte of data.

5. LS120 A drive which supports a special floppy diskette which can

store up to 120MB of information as well as being
backwards compatible

6. Zip disk A small, portable disk drive used primarily for backing
up and archiving personal computer files.

LEARNING COMPETENCY
Define and describe computer hardware and software.
Define and describe input, processing, output and storage and their devices

ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITIY 1

Directions: Read the following questions below and answer briefly.

1. What is the difference between hardware input to hardware output?

_________________________________________________________________________
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____________________________________________________

2. Based on your own understanding, what gives System Unit a very important component in
a computer?
 _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________

3. Explain why a computer hardware is useless without computer software.

_________________________________________________________________________
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ACTIVITIY 2

Directions: Write the complete terminologies for the following abbreviations

a. CRT __________________________

b. LCD __________________________

c. LED __________________________

d. RAM __________________________

e. ROM __________________________

ACTIVITIY 3

Directions: Identify the devices being defined by the given statement.

____________1. These type of printer would be most suitable for printing a large amount

of high quality black and white printouts.

____________2. The another term for CPU.

____________3. The most suitable input device for inputting short report.

____________4. The most suitable input device for highlighting or selecting an object on

the screen.

____________5. Words and graphics appear on this output device

REFLECTIONS

Cite a real life situation where you can relate the “input-process-output”

____________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
REFERENCES

https://courses.lumenlearning.com/informationliteracy/chapter/computer-
devices/#:~:text=There%20are%20three%20different%20types,%2C%20flash%20drives%2C
%20etc

https://www.thecomputingteacher.com/csc/index.php/sa-d/theory/flow-of-data

Prepared by: VENUS GRACE D. SANTOS

JEROME JOHN J. BAUTO
Name of Writers

Noted by: LABERNE A. LADIGNON, JR

Divisi on ICT Coordinator/ OIC EPS

KEY TO CORRECTIONS

Monitor 5.
Mouse 4.
Keyboard 3.
Processor 2.
Laser printer 1.
Activity 3
Read Only Memory e.
Random Access Memory d.
Light Emitting Diode c.
Liquid Crystal Display b.
Cathode Ray Tube a.
Activity 2