Topic Wise Test Series

Subject Name Topics Test Category Number of Questions Day

Topics
English Essay 1) Social Media 1st Quarter Outline and Intro Paragraph 1
2) Education
Reading Comprehension
A carefully selected passage that is rich in substance but not very technical or discipline-
specific shall be given, followed by five questions, each carrying 4 marks.

Grammar and Vocabulary

Correct usage of Tense, Articles, Prepositions, Conjunctions, Punctuation, Phrasal Verbs,
Synonyms and Antonyms etc.

Sentence Correction
Precis & Composition The sentences shall be given each having a clear structural flaw in terms of grammar or 1st Quarter Half Paper 4
punctuation. The candidates shall be asked to rewrite them with really needed correction
only, without making unnecessary alterations. No two or more sentences should have
exactly the same problem, and 2-3 sentences shall be based on correction of punctuation
marks.

Grouping of Words
A random list of twenty words of moderate standard (neither very easy nor utterly
unfamiliar) shall be given, to be grouped by the candidates in pairs of those having similar
or opposite meaning, as may be clearly directed in the question.
I. Physical Sciences
• Constituents and Structure: -Universe, Galaxy, Light Year, Solar System, Sun,
Earth, Astronomical System of Units.
• Process of Nature: - Solar and Lunar Eclipses, Rotation and Revolution,
Weather Variables (Global Temperature, Pressure, Circulation, Precipitation,
Humidity) and Weather Variations.
• Natural Hazards and Disasters: - Earth Quake, Volcanic Eruption, Tsunami,
Floods, Avalanche, Travelling Cyclone (Tropical Cyclone, Middle Latitude
Cyclone and Tornadoes), Drought, Wildfire, Urban Fire. Disaster Risk
Management.
General Science & Ability 1st Quarter 2 Long Questions 7
• Energy Resources: - Sources of Energy (Renewable i.e. LED Energy, Solar
Energy, Wind Energy and Non-Renewable Energy conservation and its
sustainable use.
• Atomic Structure, Chemical Bonding, Electromagnetic Radiations.
• Modern Materials/Chemicals: - Ceramics, Plastics, Semiconductors. Antibiotics,
Vaccines, Fertilizers, Pesticides.
II. Biological Sciences
• The Basis of Life: - Cell Structures and Functions (Subcellular Organelles such
as Nucleus, Mitochondria and Ribosomes).
• Biomolecules: - Proteins, Lipids, Carbohydrates and Enzymes.
Pakistan's Domestic Landscape
The Evolution of Pakistan's Political System, Constitutional Development, Political Parties and
Party System, Electoral Process, Governance and Administrative Structure, Political
Institutions, Challenges to Democracy, Pakistan's Economic History and Development, Key
Current Affiars 1st Quarter 2 Long Questions 10
Economic Indicators, Economic Policies, Agriculture, Industry, Infrastructure Development,
Financial Sector, Social Welfare, Demographics, Social Stratification, Education, Health, Culture
and Identity, Social Issues, Role of Civil Society.

Foundations of Pakistan

Ideology of Pakistan: Definition, historical context, Muslim rule in the subcontinent, its decline, and efforts
for renaissance. Movements for reforms: Shaikh Ahmad Sarhindi, Shah Waliullah, Sayyid Ahmad
Shaheed, Aligarh, Deoband, Nadwah, Sindh Madrassah, Islamia College Peshawar. Ideology of
Pakistan Affairs 1st Quarter 2 Long Questions 13
Pakistan in the light of Allama Iqbal and Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah's speeches and
statements.
Land and People of Pakistan: Geography, society, natural resources, agriculture, industry, and
education, highlighting characteristics, trends, and problems.

Foundations of Islam
Introduction to Islam: Concept of Islam, Importance of Deen in Human Life, Difference between Deen
and Religion, Distinctive Aspects of Islam, Islamic Beliefs and their Impact on Individuals and Society,
Islamic Studies 1st Quarter 2 Long Questions 16
Fundamentals of Islam.
Islamic Worships: Spiritual, Moral, and Social Impact of Islamic practices.

Topics
English Essay 3) Women Empowerment/ Gender 2nd Quarter Outline and Intro Paragraph 19
4) Global Topics
VI. Pairs of Words
Ten pairs shall be given of seemingly similar words with different meanings, generally
confused in communication, for bringing out the difference in meaning of any five of them by
first explaining them in parenthesis and then using them in sentences.
Precis & Composition 2nd Quarter Half Paper 22
VII. Translation
Ten short Urdu sentences involving structural composition, significant terms and
figurative/idiomatic expressions shall be given, to be accurately translated into English.
II. Biological Sciences
• Plant and Animal Kingdom: - A brief survey of plant and animal kingdom to
pinpoint similarities and diversities in nature.
• A Brief Account of Human Physiology.
• Common Diseases and Epidemics: - Polio, Diarrhea, Malaria, Hepatitis,
Dengue their Causes and Prevention.
• New Model Concept of Producing BIO Fuel Method
III. Environmental Science
• Environment: - The Atmosphere (Layered Structure and Composition),
Hydrosphere (Water Cycle, Major Water Compartments), Biosphere (Major
General Science & Ability 2nd Quarter 2 Long Questions 25
Biomes) and Lithosphere (Minerals and Rocks, Rock Types, Plate Tectonics).
• Atmospheric Pollution: - Types, Sources, Causes and effects of major air
pollutants (COx, Particulate Matter, NOx, SOx, Tropospheric Ozone, Volatile
Organic Compounds, Dioxins). Regional and Global air pollution issues (Acidrain, Ozone Depletion,
Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming). International
agreements on air pollution control (Montreal Protocol and Kyoto Protocol).
• Water Pollution: - Types, sources, causes and effects of major water pollutants
(Synthetic Organic Chemicals, Oxygen Demanding Wastes, Plant Nutrients,
Thermal Pollution, Infectious Agents, Sediments, Radioactivity, Heavy Metals and
Acids). Drinking water quality and standards.
Pakistan's External Relations
Pakistan's relations with its Neighbors (India, China, Afghanistan, Russia), Pakistan's relations
with the Muslim World (Iran, Saudi Arabia, Indonesia, Turkey), Pakistan's relations with the
Current Affiars 2nd Quarter 2 Long Questions 28
United States, Pakistan's relations with Regional and International Organizations (UN, SAARC,
ECO, OIC, WTO, CW).

Pakistan's National Security and Foreign Policy

Nuclear Program of Pakistan:Its safety and security, international concerns.

Regional Economic Cooperation:SAARC, ECO, SCO, and the role of Pakistan.
Civil-Military Relations in Pakistan.
Non-Traditional Security Threats in Pakistan: Role of non-state actors.
Pakistan Affairs 2nd Quarter 2 Long Questions 31
Pakistan's Role in the Region.
Changing Security Dynamics for Pakistan: Challenges to national security.
Pakistan and US War on Terror.
Foreign Policy of Pakistan Post 9/11.
The War in Afghanistan since 1979: Impact on and challenges to Pakistan in the post-2014 era.
Proxy Wars: Role of external elements.
The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) as a Role Model
Study of Seerah (Biography) of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH): Analyzing his life as a role model for
Islamic Studies 2nd Quarter 2 Long Questions 34
individuals, diplomats, educators, military strategists, and peacemakers.

Topics
English Essay 5) Democracy 3rd Quarter Full Essay 37
6) Good Governance
Precis Writing
A careful selected passage with an orientation of generic understanding and enough
Precis & Composition flexibility for compression shall be given for précising and suggesting an appropriate title. 3rd Quarter Half Paper 40
Out of the total 20 marks allocated to this question, 15 shall go to précising the text and 5 to
suggesting the title.
III. Environmental Science
• Land Pollution: - Solid waste management and disposal.
• Role of Remote Sensing and GIS in Environmental Science.
• Population Planning.

IV. Food Science

• Concept of Balance Diet: - Vitamins, Carbohydrates, Protein, Fats and oil,
Minerals, Fiber.
• Quality of Food: - Bioavailability of Nutrients, Appearance, Texture, Flavor,
Quality of Packed and Frozen Food, Food Additives, Preservatives and
General Science & Ability Antioxidants 3rd Quarter 2 Long Questions 43
• Food Deterioration and its Control: - Causes of Food Deterioration,
Adulteration, Food Preservation.

V. Information Technology
• Computer (Hardware & Software Fundamentals); I/O Processing and data
storage, Networking & Internet Standards, Application and business Software,
Social Media Websites. Information Systems. Fundamentals of artificial
intelligence.
• Telecommunications: - Basics of Wireless Communication (Mobile, Satellite,
Surveillance and GPS and Fiber Optic etc
Global Issues
Current Affiars 3rd Quarter
International Security, International Political Economy, Human Rights, Environment: Global Warming, Kyoto Protocol, 2 LongPopulation:
Copenhagen Accord, Questions world population
46 trends, world population policies, Terrorism and Counter Terrorism, Global Energy Politics, Nuclear Proliferation and Nuclear Security, Nuclear Politics in South Asia, International Trade (Doha Development Round and Bali Package), Cooperation and Competition in Arabian Sea, Indian and Pacific Oceans, Millennium Development Goals, Cur

Domestic Challenges and Developments

Political Evolution Since 1971.

Evolution of the Democratic System in Pakistan.
Ethnic Issues and National Integration.
Economic Challenges in Pakistan.
Pakistan Affairs Hydro Politics: Water issues in domestic and regional contexts. 3rd Quarter 2 Long Questions 49
Pakistan's National Interest.
Challenges to Sovereignty.
Pakistan's Energy Problems and their Effects.
Pakistan's Relations with Neighbors excluding India.
Pakistan and India Relations Since 1947.
Kashmir Issue.
Islamic Civilization and Culture
Islamic Studies Human Rights and the Status of Women in Islam: Exploring the Islamic perspective on human dignity, equality,3rdandQuarter
the role of women.2 Long Questions 52
Islamic Civilization and Culture: Meaning and vital elements, role in the development of human personality and communities, distinctions of Islamic Civilization (Tauheed, Spiritualism, Dignity of Man, Equality, Social Justice, Moral Values, Tolerance, Rule of Law).
Topics
English Essay 7) Literature 4th Quarter Full Essay 55
8) Technolog
Precis Writing
A careful selected passage with an orientation of generic understanding and enough
Precis & Composition flexibility for compression shall be given for précising and suggesting an appropriate title. 4th Quarter Half Paper 58
Out of the total 20 marks allocated to this question, 15 shall go to précising the text and 5 to
suggesting the title.
VI. Quantitative Ability/Reasoning
• Basic Mathematical Skills.
• Concepts and ability to reasons quantitatively and solve problems in a
quantitative setting.
• Basic Arithmetic, Algebra and Geometry (Average, Ratios, Rates, Percentage,
Angles, Triangles, Sets, Remainders, Equations, Symbols, Rounding of Numbers
• Random Sampling
VII. Logical Reasoning and Analytical Reasoning/Ability
• Logical Reasoning includes the process of using a rational, systematic series of
General Science & Ability 4th Quarter 2 Long Questions 61
steps based on sound mathematical procedures and given statements to arrive at
a conclusion
• Analytical Reasoning/Ability includes visualizing, articulating and solving both
complex and uncomplicated problems and concepts and making decisions that
are sensible based on available information, including demonstration of the ability
to apply logical thinking to gathering and analyzing information.
VIII. Mental Abilities
• Mental Abilities Scales that measures specific constructs such as verbal,
mechanical, numerical and social ability.
Contemporary Global Issues
Current Affiars Middle East Crisis, Kashmir Issue, Palestine Issue 4th Quarter 2 Long Questions 64

Contemporary Issues and Developments

Economic Conditions of Pakistan: Recent economic surveys, budgets, problems and performance of major economic sectors.
Pakistan Affairs 4th Quarter 2 Long Questions 67
Constitutional and Legal Debates: Recent constitutional amendments, important legislations, legal cases, and the role of higher courts.
Prevailing Social Problems of Pakistan: Strategies to deal with poverty, education, health, and sanitation

Islamic Principles in Contemporary Life

Islam and the World: Impact of Islamic Civilization on the West and vice versa, the role of Islam in the modern world, the Muslim world and contemporary challenges, the rise of extremism.
Islamic Studies 4th Quarter 2 Long Questions 70
Public Administration and Governance in Islam: Concept of Public Administration in Islam, Quranic guidance on good governance, Concept of Governance and its Applications in the light of Quran, Sunnah, and Fiqh, Governance Structure in Islam (Shura, Legislation, Sources of Islamic Law), Governance under Pious Khelifat, Letters of Hazrat Umar (R.A) and Hazrat Ali (R.A) to different authorities, Responsibilities of Civil Servants, System of Accountability in Islam.
Islamic Code of Life: Salient features of Islamic Systems, Social System, Political System, Economic System, Judicial System, Administrative System, Procedure of Ijmah and Ijtehad.
 Subject Name Topics Test Category Number of Questions
Fundamentals and Theories
1. Introduction
- The Definition and Scope of International Relations
- The Nation-State System
- Evolution of International Society
International Relations Paper 1 1st Quarter 2 Questions
2. Theories and Approaches
- The Classical Approaches: Realism and Idealism
- Behavioral Approach, System Approach
- Neo-realism, Neo-liberalism
- Post-modernism, Critical Theory, Feminism, Constructivism
Security and Strategic Approach
3. International Political Security
- Conceptualization of Security in the Twenty-First Century
- Power and Elements of National Power
- Balance of Power
- Foreign Policy: Determinants, Decision Making, and Analysis
International Relations Paper 1 2nd Quarter 2 Questions
- Sovereignty
- National Interest
4. Strategic Approach to International Relations
- War: Causation of War, Total War, Limited War, Asymmetric Warfare, Civil War, Guerilla Warfare
- Strategic Culture: Determinants of Pakistani Strategic Culture
- Deterrence: Theory and Practice with Special Reference to India and Pakistan
Economy and Political Community
5. International Political Economy
- Theories in IPE: Mercantilism, Economic Liberalism, and Neo-Marxism
- Theories of Imperialism, Dependence, and Interdependence Discourse
International Relations Paper 1 3rd Quarter 2 Questions
6. International Political Community
- Nationalism
- Internationalism
- Globalization
Peace and Institutions
7. Approaches to Peace
- Diplomacy
- International Law
- Arms Control/Disarmament and Nuclear Non-Proliferation Regime
International Relations Paper 1 4th Quarter 2 Questions
8. nternational Political Institutions
- United Nations
- International Monetary Fund (IMF)
- World Bank
- International Court of Justice
Historical Developments and Cold War
1. International Relations between Two Wars
- Russian Revolution, Fascism, League of Nations, Second World War
2. Cold War
International Relations Paper 2 1st Quarter 2 Questions
- Decolonization in Asia and Africa
- Rise of United States and Soviet Union
- Era of Tight Bipolarity, Détente and Loose Bipolarity, Revival of Cold War

Post-Cold War and Organizations

3. Post-Cold War
- End of History, Clash of Civilizations, Terrorism, Globalization, Unipolarity (New World Order), and Revival of Multi-
Polarity
International Relations Paper 2 2nd Quarter 2 Questions
4. International and Regional Organizations
- League of Nations, United Nations, Regional Organizations: EU, ASEAN, NAFTA, SAARC, SCO, OIC, ECO, WTO
- Reforms in the United Nations, World Bank, and the IMF

Foreign Policies and South Asia

5. Foreign Policy of Selected Countries
- USA, Russia, China, UK, India, Pakistan, and EU
6. South Asia
- Peace-making and Peace-Building in South Asia: Analytical overview of peace processes
International Relations Paper 2 3rd Quarter 2 Questions
- India and Pakistan: Overview of agreements and accords, Indus Water Treaty, Composite Dialogue, Sir Creek &
Siachen border, Visa and People-to-people contact, Trade, Role of civil society
- Afghanistan: Cold war theatre, Soviet Invasion and Mujahedeen, Geneva Accord, Post Cold War situation (Rise of
Taliban, Al-Qaeda & 9/11), Operation Enduring Freedom, The Bonn Process Withdrawal

Weapons and Contemporary Issues

7. Weapons of Mass Destruction
- Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
- Nuclear Weapon States: Indian-Pakistan Nuclear Doctrines
- Nuclear Non-Proliferation Regime: IAEA, NPT, Nuclear Supplier Group, PTBT, CTBT, FMCT
- Challenges of Non-Proliferation, Cooperation for Nuclear Energy
International Relations Paper 2 - The Missile Defense Systems and their impact on global strategic environment 4th Quarter 2 Questions
- Militarization and Weaponization of Space
8. Contemporary Issues
- Euro-Atlantic vs. Asia Pacific: Great Power Policies
- Kashmir Issue
- Palestine Issue

Fundamentals and State Law

1. Nature, Origin, and Basis of International Law
- The Emergence of International Law, Early European Authors, The Nation-State System
- The Enforcement of International Law, The Effectiveness of International Law, The Weakness of International Law
- The Juridical Basis of International Law, The Future of International Law, Material Sources of International Law
2. Relation between International Law and State Law
International Law 1st Quarter 2 Questions
- Article 38 of the Statute of International Court of Justice
- Primary Sources of International Law, Subsidiary Sources of International Law, International Soft Law
3. State in General and Recognition
- Personality and Statehood in International Law, The Subjects of International Law
- Recognition of State and Government in International Law, Recognition of State and Government in National Law

Treaties, Disputes, and Humanitarian Law

4. The Law and Practice as to Treaties
- The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties
5. The Settlement of International Disputes
- Negotiation, Mediation, and Good Offices, Inquiry
International Law - Settlement by the United Nations, Conciliation, Arbitration, The International Court of Justice 2nd Quarter 2 Questions
6. International Humanitarian Law
- International and Non-International Armed Conflicts, Non-International Armed Conflict
- ‘Combatant’ and ‘Protected Persons’, Protection of Wounded, Sick and Ship-Wrecked Persons, POWs, Civilians
- Limitations on the Conduct of War, Limits on the Choice of Methods and Means of Warfare

Use of Force, Institutions, and Sovereignty

7. The Use of Force

- The Law before the UN Charter, The Law after the Charter
International Law 3rd Quarter 2 Questions
- The Collective Use of Force, The Right of Self-Defense
8. International Institutions
9. State Territorial Sovereignty
 State Responsibility and Miscellaneous Topics
10. State Responsibility
11. State Jurisdiction
12. Succession to Rights and Obligations
13. The State and the Individual
International Law 4th Quarter 2 Questions
14. The State and the Economic Interest
15. Diplomatic Envoys, Consuls, and Other Representatives
16. War, Armed Conflicts, and Other Hostilities
17. Neutrality

Fundamentals of Sociology
1. Individual
- Sociability or the sociality of man
2. Culture
- Meaning and Characteristics (variable, learned, social, shared, transmissive, dynamic, and adaptive)
- Types (Material, Non-material), Functions (transfer of knowledge, define situation, provide behavior pattern, mold
personality)
- Elements of culture (norms, values, beliefs, sanctions, customs)
- Culture and Socialization: formal and non-formal socialization, transmission of culture, cultural relativism
Sociology 1st Quarter 2 Questions
- Sub-cultures, Ethnocentrism, Xenocentrism, Cultural lag, High culture and popular culture, Multiculturalism,
assimilation, and acculturation
3. Society
- Meaning and characteristics
- Community: meaning and characteristics, Individual and society
- Relationship between individual and society
- Two main theories regarding the relationship of man and society: (i) social contract theory (ii) organismic theory
- Social and cultural evolution of society (Hunting and Gathering Society, Herding and Advanced Herding Society,
Horticultural Society, Agrarian Society, Industrial Society, Post-modern Society)
Social Interaction, Control, and Change
4. Social Interaction
- Caste and classes, Forms of social classes, Feudal system in Pakistan
- Social Mobility: nature and determinants in Pakistani society, Culture of poverty
5. Social Control
- Mechanisms of social control: formal and informal means, Anomie, Alienation, Social Integration, Means of social
Sociology integration in Pakistani society 2nd Quarter 2 Questions
6. Social and Cultural Change and Social Policy
- Processes of social and cultural change: discovery, Inhibitions to social and cultural change in Pakistan
- Social planning and directed change, Effects of Industrialization, Urbanization, Modernization, and Communication
on Social Change
7. Public Opinion
- Formation of public opinion, concept of opinion leader, characteristics of opinion leadership
Social Institutions, Community, and Problems in Pakistan

8. Community
- Rural community: traditional characteristics of rural life, The urban community, Rural-Urban convergence,
Urbanism, Future of cities in Pakistan
9. Social Institutions
- The nature and genesis of institutions, The process of institutionalization
Sociology 3rd Quarter 2 Questions
- Functions of social institutions: Family, Religion, Education, Economy, and Politics
10. Social Problems in Pakistan
- High population growth rate, Rural-urban migration, Issues of technical/vocational training
- Deviance and street crime, Unemployment, illiteracy, and school drop-out
- Smuggling, Prostitution, Poverty, Drug addiction, Child labor and abuse, Bonded labor
- Social customs and traditions affecting women, Violence against women, Domestic violence, Issues concerning the
elderly
Sociological Theory and Research Methods
11. Sociological Theory
- Three sociological perspectives: Structural Functionalism, Symbolic Interactionism, Conflict Theory
Sociology - Theorists: Ibn-i-Khaldun, Spencer, August Comte, Emile Durkheim, Max Weber, Karl Marx, Talcott Parsons 4th Quarter 2 Questions
12. Methods of Sociological Research
- Scientific Method, Steps in research, Types of Questionnaire
- Research Design, Surveys, Observation, and Case Studies
Early History and Independence
1. Introduction
- From ancient times to 1492
History of USA - Advent of the Europeans to British supremacy (1492-1606) 1st Quarter 2 Questions
2. USA as a British Colony (1606-1783)
3. USA as an Independent Country (1783-1819)

Expansion, Constitution, and Civil War

4. Expansion of USA: From 13 to 50 States (1820-1949)
History of USA 5. Constitution of the USA: Salient Features 2nd Quarter 2 Questions
6. Civil War between the North and the East (1850-1869)
7. Industrialization and its Emergence as a World Power (1870-1916)
World Wars, Cold War, and International Relations
8. USA’s Role in the Two World Wars (1914-1918 & 1939-1945)
9. Post-1945 World Scenario and Emergence of USA and USSR as Two World Powers
10. American Role in Patronizing UNO and International Organizations (1945-2012)
History of USA 3rd Quarter 2 Questions
11. American Role in Cold War and Emergence as the Sole Super Power (1945-1990)
12. International Concerns of USA: An Overview
13. The War on Terror: The Role of Pakistan and USA (2001-2012)
14. Global Perceptions of the USA
Domestic Affairs, Governance, and Social Movements
15. Progressive Era: Reforms of Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson
16. The Great Depression and the New Deal
17. Civil Rights Movement
History of USA 18. United States' Role in International Conflicts 4th Quarter 2 Questions
19. US Presidential Election
20. The US Congress: Role and Functions
21. Separation of Powers: Checks and Balances

Introduction and Theoretical Foundations

1. Introduction to Gender Studies
- Introduction to Gender Studies
- Difference between Gender and Women Studies
- Multi-disciplinary nature of Gender Studies
- Autonomy vs. Integration Debate in Gender Studies
- Status of Gender Studies in Pakistan
2. Social Construction of Gender
- Historicizing Constructionism
Gender Studies 1st Quarter 2 Questions
- Problematizing the category of “Sex”: Queer Theory
- Is “Sex” socially determined, too?
- Masculinities and Femininity
- Nature versus Culture: A Debate in Gender Development
3. Feminist Theories and Practice
- What is Feminism
- Liberal Feminism, Radical Feminism, Marxist/Socialist Feminism
- Psychoanalytical Feminism, Men’s Feminism, Postmodern Feminism
 Movements and Development Perspectives
4. Feminist Movements
- Feminist Movements in the West: First Wave, Second Wave, Third Wave Feminism
- United Nation Conferences on Women
- Feminist Movements in Pakistan
5. Gender and Development
Gender Studies - Colonial and Capitalistic Perspectives of Gender 2nd Quarter 2 Questions
- Gender Analysis of Development Theories: Modernization Theory, World System Theory, Dependency Theory,
Structural Functionalism
- Gender Approaches to Development: WID, WAD, GAD
- Gender Critique of Structural Adjustment Policies (SAPs)
- Globalization and Gender

Status of Women in Pakistan and Governance

6. Status of Women in Pakistan
- Status of Women’s Health, Education, Employment, and Law in Pakistan
7. Gender and Governance
Gender Studies 3rd Quarter 2 Questions
- Defining Governance
- Suffragist Movement
- Gender Issues in Women as Voters, Candidates, and Representatives
- Impact of Political Quota in Pakistan
Violence, Case Studies, and Global Perspectives
8. Gender-Based Violence
- Defining Gender-Based Violence
- Theories of Violence against Women
- Structural and Direct Forms of Violence
Gender Studies 4th Quarter 2 Questions
- Strategies to Eliminate Violence against Women
9. **Case Studies**
- Mukhtaran Mai
- Malala Yousafzai
- Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy
Introduction to Criminology (25 Marks)
1. **Introduction**
- Basic concepts used in understanding crime, criminality, and criminal behavior.
2. **Understanding Criminology**
- Definition, meaning, and scope of criminology
- Criminology and criminal law
- Crime as a social problem: Deviance, Sin, Vice, Evil, Norms, Values
- Security (Physical, Social, Economic)
Criminology 1st Quarter 2 Questions
3. **Crime and Criminals**
- Occasional criminals, Habitual criminals, Professional criminals
- White-collar crime, Organized crime, Corporate crimes
4. **Crime and Criminality: Theoretical Perspectives**
- Early explanations of criminal behavior
- Biological, Psychological, and Sociological Theories
- Social Disorganization theory, Strain theory, Social Control theory, Learning theory, Labeling theory
- Islamic perspective on deviance and crime
: Juvenile Delinquency and Criminal Justice (25 Marks)
5. **Juvenile Delinquency**
- Meaning, definitions (Behavioral vs. Legal)
- Juvenile delinquent vs. Status offender
- Official statistics of juvenile delinquency
6. **Juvenile Justice System**
- Role of police
- Juvenile court process: Pretrial, Trial, Sentencing
- Role of prosecutor, Defense counsel, Juvenile judge, Juvenile probation officer
Criminology - Juvenile correctional institutions; Probation and non-punitive alternatives 2nd Quarter 2 Questions
7. **The Criminal Justice System**
- Police and its role
- Trial and conviction of offenders
- Agencies: Formal and informal
- Criminal courts: Procedures and problems
- Role of prosecutors
- Prisons, Probation, and Parole
8. **Punitive and Reformative Treatment of Criminals**
- Corporal punishment, Imprisonment, Rehabilitation of criminals
Criminal Investigation and International Policing (25 Marks)
9. **Criminal Investigation**
- Principles of criminal investigation
- Manual of preliminary investigation
- Intelligence operations, Database investigation, Electronic investigation, Forensic investigation
10. **Techniques of Investigations**
- Gathering information from persons
Criminology 3rd Quarter 2 Questions
- Interviewing and interrogation techniques
- Criminal investigation analysis
11. **Legal and Ethical Guidelines for Investigators**
- Stop and frisk operations, Arrest procedures, Search and seizure
12. **International Policing and Criminal Justice Monitoring Organizations**
- UNAFEI, INTERPOL, EUROPOL, UNODC, UNICEF, IPA, etc.

Modern Concepts in Criminology (25 Marks)

13. **Modern Concepts in Contemporary Criminology**
- Terrorism, Radicalism, and War on Terror
- Media’s representation of Crime and the Criminal Justice System
- Modern Law Enforcement and Crime Prevention
- Intelligence-led Policing, Community Policing, Private Public Partnership
Criminology - Gender and Crime in Urban and Rural Pakistan 4th Quarter 2 Questions
- Crime and Urbanization, Organized Crime, White-Collar Crime
- Human Rights Abuses and Protection (Children, Women, and Minorities)
- The role of civil society and NGOs
- Money-laundering
- Cybercrime
- Role of NAB, FIA, ANF
 1. **The French Revolution and Napoleonic Era (1789-1815)**
- The causes of the French Revolution
- The consequences of the Revolution
- Napoleon's rise to power
- Creation of the Empire
- The Continental System
- The fall of Napoleon

2. **The Concert of Europe (1815-1830)**

- The Congress of Vienna
- Metternich’s Era
European History - The Concert of Europe and Congress System 1st Quarter 2 Questions
- Balance of Power

3. **Forces of Continuity and Change in Europe (1815-1848)**

- Nationalism
- Liberalism
- Romanticism
- Socialism
- Industrial Revolution
- Colonialism
- Consequences

4. **The Eastern Question (1804-1856)**

- The nature of the Eastern Question
- The Crimean War
- Russo-Turkish War (1877)
- Consequences

5. **Unification of Italy**
- The effects of the Revolution of 1848
- The obstacles to unification
- Cavour and the unification of Italy
European History 2nd Quarter 2 Questions
- The process of Italian unification (1859-1871)

6. **Unification of Germany**
- The rise of Bismarck
- Diplomatic events
- The Austro-Prussian War (1866)
- The Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871)
- The triumph of Bismarck and process of unification

7. **The Origins of the First World War (1890-1914)**

- Formation of alliances and counter-alliances
- The Balkans War (1912-1913)
- The outbreak of World War I

8. **The First World War and Its Aftermath**

- The War (1914-1918) and peace treaties
- The League of Nations

European History 9. **Dictatorships in Europe** 3rd Quarter 2 Questions

- Fascism in Italy under Mussolini
- Hitler, Nazism, and Germany
- Russia: Marxism Revolution and its working under Stalin
- The Great Depression and its effects on Europe
- Appeasement
- The Arms Race
- The Sudetenland Crisis (1938)
- The destruction of Czechoslovakia (1939)

10. **The Second World War and Its Effects on Europe**

- The main events of the War
- Impact of the War

11. **Post-War Europe**

- The post-war settlements
- The United Nations
- Economic Recovery of Europe, Marshall Plan
- The German Question
- NATO
- Decolonization

12. **Cold War Europe (1955-1991)**

- Effects of the Cold War
European History 4th Quarter 2 Questions
- Warsaw Pact (1955)
- The European Economic Community (EEC)
- Nuclear Non-Proliferation Agreement
- Charles de Gaulle and France
- Spread of communist regimes in Europe

13. **Europe (1991-2012)**

- Gorbachev and the Disintegration of the USSR
- The reunification of Germany
- The Balkan crisis of the 1990s
- The European Union
- Role of Europe in the War against terrorism
- Global Economic Crisis and Europe

I. Management
▪ Defining Organization, Management, and Management in Organizations
▪ Four Management Functions, Management Roles, Management Skills
▪ Organizational Internal-External Environment
▪ Management Planning, Goal Setting, and Decision Making
▪ Strategic Management Process: Strategy Formulation and Implementation
▪ Developing Organizational Structure and Design
▪ Designing Adaptive Organizations
▪ Managing Change and Innovation
▪ Leadership and Motivation
II. HR Management
Business Administration 1st Quarter 2 Questions
▪ Role of Human Resource Management in Organizational Performance
▪ Functions of HRM
▪ Process andMethods of Job Analysis
▪ Planning and Forecasting Personnel Needs
▪ Recruitment and Selection
▪ Training and Development
▪ Performance Management and Appraisal: Methods and Processes
▪ Establishing Strategic Pay Plans
▪ Compensation and Benefits
▪ Ethics, Justice, and Fair Treatment in HR Management
▪ Labor Relations and Collective Bargaining
 III. Financial Management
▪ An overview of Financial Management
Introduction and significance of financial markets, Differentiation between real assets and financial assets,
Types of Financial Markets, Role of capital and money markets ineconomic development, Organizational
goals and shareholder wealth maximization perspective
▪ Time Value of Money
Cost of money and the factors effecting the cost, Interest rate fundamentals and determinants of market
interest rate, Role of Time value of money in finance, Concept of future value and present value, Making
timelines, Annuities, Perpetuities and mixed stream of cash flows, with and without growth, Present value
and future value of cash flow streams, Compounding Interest; discrete and continuous, Loan amortization
▪ Analysis and Interpretation of Financial Statements
Reading the financial statements, Horizontal and vertical analysis including common size, ratio, comparative
and index number trend analysis, Forecasting financials for future decision making, Evaluating credit,
Business Administration 2nd Quarter 2 Questions
management, profitability, risk etc using financial statements
▪ Risk, Return and Introduction to Pricing
Measures of Risks and return, Investment return and expected rate of return, Standalone risk: standard
deviation and coefficient of variation, Risk aversion and required rate of return, Portfolio risk: Diversifiable
vs. Market risk, Security Market Line and CAPM, Calculating WACC, Discounting process for price
determination, Relevant risk and return for valuation
▪ Cash flow and Budgeting
Significance of budgeting, Making cash budgets, Making financial forecasts, Differencebetween profit and
cash flow, Read and analyze Statement of Cash flow.
▪ Capital Budgeting
Significance of Capital budgeting, Cash flow calculations: incremental cash flows, Capital budgeting
decision rules: NPV, IRR, MIRR, Return, Finding optimal capital structure, calculating appropriate discount
rate, Capital Rationing
IV. Operations and Supply Chain Management
a. Operations Management
▪ Operations & Productivity
Operations Management (OM) as one of the Three Core Functions in an Organization. Significance and
contributions of OM in the field of management. Future trends in OM and differences between goods and
services.
▪ Operations Strategy in Global Environment
Developing mission & OM strategies, Critical Success Factors (CSF), Aligning Core Competencies with
CSF
▪ Process Strategy
Four Process Strategies, Process Analysis and Design, Process Mapping, Flow Diagrams, Process
Charts, Service process design, Process Re-engineering
▪ Capacity Planning
Business Administration 3rd Quarter 2 Questions
Design & Effective Capacity, Capacity Cushion, Capacity considerations, Managing demand, Capacity
Planning, Leading vs Lagging Strategies, Single & Multiple Product Break Even Analysis for Capacity
Planning
▪ Location Strategies
Factors Affecting Location Decisions, Methods for Evaluating Location Alternatives, Factor Rating
Method, Load-Distance Methods, Center of Gravity Method, Service location Strategy
▪ Layout Strategies
Types of Layout, Layout Design, Fixed Position Layout, Process- Oriented Layouts, Office Layout,
Retail Layout, Assembly Line Balancing
▪ Inventory Management
Role of Inventory in Operations, ABC analysis, Record accuracy, Cycle counting, Inventory
Models, Fixed Period Systems, Continuous Review Systems, Basic EOQ Inventory Model, Safety
Stock, Service Level
b. Supply Chain Management
▪ Introduction to supply chain management and logistics management
What is supply chain management and logistics management, Objectives,Importance, Examples
of supply chain management and logistics management, Decision phases in supply chains
▪ Supply chain performance
Achieving strategic fit, Challenges in achieving strategic fit, Supply chain cost, Supplychain quality,
Supply chain lead time
▪ Supply chain drivers
Facilities as a driver, Inventory as a driver, Information as a driver, Transportation asa driver,
Sourcing as a driver, Pricing as a driver
▪ Balancing supply and demand
Bullwhip effect, Demand collaboration, Information sharing in supply chains, accurateresponse
strategy
▪ Supply chain coordination
Business Administration Obstacles in coordination, Vendor managed inventory, Collaborative planning forecasting and 4th Quarter 2 Questions
replenishment, Managerial levers to achieve coordination
▪ IT in supply chain management
Role of IT in supply chain management, Customer relationship management, Supplier
relationship management, Risk management in IT, Supply chain IT inpractice
V. Marketing
▪ Introduction to marketing
▪ Developing marketing strategies and plans
▪ Scanning the marketing environment
▪ Analyzing consumer markets
▪ Market segmentation
▪ Managing marketing information
▪ Branding
▪ Product life cycle
▪ Pricing
 ### I. Anthropology
- Definition of anthropology, its historical development, and recent trends

### II. Social Anthropology

- **Definition of Culture:** Characteristics and functions
- **Relationship with Other Social Sciences:** Connections and interdisciplinary aspects
- **Subfields of Anthropology:**
- Biological Anthropology
- Archaeology
- Linguistic Anthropology
- Socio-Cultural Anthropology
- **Institution of Family and Marriage:** Definitions, types, structures, functions, family organization
- **Kinship and Social Organization:** Definitions, types, functions, kinship terminology
- **Economic Organization:**
- Definitions
- Evolution of economic systems
- Substantivism vs. Formalism
Anthropology - Reciprocity, production, consumption, distribution 1st Quarter 2 Questions
- Barter and primitive economic systems
- **Political Organization:**
- Definitions
- Evolution of political systems
- Characteristics of band, tribal, chiefdom, and state societies
- Theories of the origin of state societies: internal conflict theories, external conflict theories, population and irrigation
theories, institutionalization of leadership and the emergence of state, system theories
- Origin of civilization
- Politics of identity, ethnicity, ethnic relations, nationalism, modernism, post-modernism
- **Religion:**
- Definitions
- Evolution of primitive religions
- Functions of religion
- Comparison of divine religions and world religions such as Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism
- **Contemporary Human Problems:** Poverty, social inequality, political instability, population problems, ethnic
violence, and terrorism

### III. Urban Anthropology

- Rural-urban migration, expansion of cities
- Major environmental issues, sanitation problems
- Urbanization and development, establishment of slums and squatter settlements
- Refugees, yankees, betties, gypsies
- Wars and conflicts, conversion of power from feudal to industrialists
- Institutionalization, education system
- Change in the mode of production (agriculture to capitalism)
- Poverty: Theories and remedies
- Management of city life: Psychological, cultural, economic, political, religious, physical, environmental, ecological,
demographical, lingual aspects
- Karl Marx and conflict theory
- Problems created by mechanization and automation
Anthropology 2nd Quarter 2 Questions
### IV. Socio-Cultural Change
- Definitions
- Difference between social and cultural change
- Dimensions of cultural change
- Barriers to cultural change: Cultural, psychological, and political
- Internal and external dynamics for change
- Population increase and change
- Diffusion of innovations
- Socio-religious barriers to accepting innovations and new ideas
- Media and cultural change
- Dynamics of change in Pakistan: Trends and prospects

### V. Ethnicity and Race

- Theories related to ethnicity and race
- Ethnicity and racism
- Nations and nationality
- Ethnic conflict
- Degree of social variation
- Rank societies, caste and class societies, and social stratification
Anthropology 3rd Quarter 2 Questions
### VI. Anthropological Theories
- **Contributors:** Edward Burnett Tylor, Lewis Henry Morgan, James Frazer, Karl Marx, Edmund Leach, Franz Boas,
Margaret Mead, Ruth Benedict, Alfred L. Kroeber, Alfred Reginald Radcliffe-Brown, Bronislaw Malinowski, Clifford
Geertz, Talal Asad, Akbar S. Ahmad, Ibn Khaldun, Shah Waliullah
- **Classical Theories:** Degenerationism, Evolutionism, Neo-Evolutionism, Diffusionism
- **Modern Theories:** Functionalism, Structural-functionalism, Class Struggle, Structuralism, Historical Particularism,
Feminism, Culture and Personality
- **Current Trends in Anthropological Thought:** Post-Modernism, Romanticism, Poetics and Politics of Ethnography
### VII. Anthropological Research Methods
- **Meaning, Definition, Types, and Aims of Anthropological Research**
- **Qualitative and Quantitative Research**
Anthropology - **Purpose of Research:** Research question, variables, hypothesis, research objectives 4th Quarter 2 Questions
- **Research Design:** Sampling, field data collection
- **Tools of Data Collection:** Questionnaire, interview, participant observation
- **Data Classification, Analysis, and Reporting**
 I. History of Environmental Thought
- **Environment and Sustainable Development**
- **History of Environmental Movements**
- **Industrial and Agricultural Revolution**
- **Key Conferences and Documents:**
- United Nations Conference on Human Environment 1972
- Our Common Future 1987
- Rio Summit 1992
- Agenda 21
- World Summit on Sustainable Development 2002
- Rio Summit-II 2012
- Millennium Development Goals

### II. Sustainable Development Issues

- **Population Growth**
- **Poverty**
- **Biodiversity Loss and Conservation**
Environmental Science - **Energy Security:** Energy conservation and alternative energy resources 1st Quarter 2 Questions
- **Urbanization and Sustainable Cities**
- **Carrying Capacity and Ecological Footprint**
- **Food Security and Sustainable Agriculture**
- **Ecological Restoration**

### III. Interdisciplinary Nature of Environmental Science

- **Convergence of Social and Natural Sciences:**
- Environmental Biology
- Environmental Chemistry
- Environmental Physics
- Environmental Microbiology
- Environmental Toxicology
- Environmental Economics
- Environmental Geology
- Environmental Geography
- Environmental Biotechnology
- Environmental Sociology
### IV. Environmental Pollution
- **Types of Pollution:**
- Air Pollution
- Water Pollution
- Soil Pollution
- Noise Pollution
- Solid Waste
- Water Logging & Salinity
Environmental Science 2nd Quarter 2 Questions
- Deforestation
- Desertification
- Eutrophication
- **Global and Regional Air Pollution Problems:**
- Greenhouse Effect
- Global Warming/Climate Change
- Ozone Depletion
- Acid Rain
### V. Climate Change
- **Climate Patterns:** Local, regional, and global scales
- **Types of Climate:** Tropical, mid-latitude, polar climates
- **Climate Change Processes:** Drivers and indicators
- **Effects on Natural and Societal Systems**
- **Carbon Footprint**
- **Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation**
- Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)
- REDD+
- **Global Environmental Politics:** Role of India, China, and USA
- Copenhagen Accord 2009

### VI. Environmental Governance

Environmental Science - **Policy, Legal, and Institutional Frameworks in Pakistan:** 3rd Quarter 2 Questions
- National Conservation Strategy of 1992
- National Environmental Policy Act of Pakistan 2005
- Environmental Protection Act of 1997
- Pak-EPA (Review of IEE/EIA) Regulations 2000
- Hospital Waste Management Rules 2005
- Pollution Charge Rules
- Sample Rules
- Solid Waste Management Plan 2005
- Hazardous Substances Rules 2005
- National Drinking Water Policy 2009
- Sanitation Policy
- National Climate Change Policy 2012

### VII. Global Initiatives

- **Multilateral Environmental Agreements Ratified by Pakistan:**
- Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
- Cartagena Protocol on Bio-safety
- Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES)
- Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat (Ramsar Convention)
- Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species (CMS)
- United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
- Kyoto Protocol to UNFCCC
- Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer
- United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)

Environmental Science VIII. Environmental Assessment and Management 4th Quarter 2 Questions
- **Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)**
- **Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA)**
- **Environmental Management Systems (ISO 14000)**
- **Occupational Health & Safety Management Systems (OHSAS 18000)**
- **Participatory Approaches to Environmental Management**
- **Technological Approaches to Environmental Management**
- **Approaches to Solid Waste Management**
- **Disaster Risk Management**
- **Pollution Control Technologies**
- **Geographic Information System (GIS) & Remote Sensing**
- **Natural Resources Management**

Section 1: Early Modern Britain and Political Developments

The Glorious Revolution (1688)
Causes and Results
William III and Mary II (1689-1702)
Queen Anne (1702-1714)
British History Hanoverian Era (1714-1790) 1st Quarter 2 Questions
Jacobite Rebellions (1715 and 1745)
Robert Walpole and Whig Oligarchy
American War of Independence (1776)
The Union of England and Scotland
The Union of England and Ireland
 Section 2: The Age of Revolutions and Industrial Change
The Old Colonial System
The French Revolution and Napoleonic Wars
Causes
Britain and Napoleonic Wars
Impact on Britain
Industrial and Agricultural Revolution
British History Causes 2nd Quarter 2 Questions
Effects on Political and Social Life of Britain
Party Politics
The Methodist Movement
Socialism
Liberalism
Colonization
Chartist Movement
ection 3: 19th and Early 20th Century Britain
Robert Peel and Return of Tories
Internal Policies
Irish Problem
Victorian Era (1837-1901)
British History 3rd Quarter 2 Questions
Internal Reforms
Liberals
Foreign Policy
Disraeli, Gladstone, and Problems in Ireland
Great Britain and Free Trade
Section 4: Modern Britain and Contemporary Issues
Britain, World War I and its Aftermath
Causes
Britain and Peace Settlement
Effects of War on Britain
League of Nations
The Great Depression
Appeasement and Rearmament
Britain, World War II and its Aftermath
Causes and Events
Churchill, War Conferences
Creation of U.N.O.
Effects of War
Reforms of Labour Government
Great Britain and Cold War
Creation of Commonwealth
NATO
British History 4th Quarter 2 Questions
Decolonization of the British Empire
Internal Policies and EEC
Foreign Policy
Thatcherism to Cameron (1979-2012)
Internal Policy
Society and Culture
Foreign Policy
Falklands War
John Major and His Policies
European Common Market and Great Britain
Formation of EU
Tony Blair “New Labour”
Economic Crunch
War on Terror
Policies
Global Financial Crisis 2008 and Great Britain
Reforms under Cameron
Pre-Islamic Near East: An Overview
Political, Social, Cultural, Religious, and Economic Conditions in the Near East and Arabia before the advent of Islam.
The Dawn of Islam: The Prophetic Age (570-632)
Biography of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH): Key events and chronology of his life.
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) as a Motivator (Daa’i): Major aspects of his mission.
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) as a Military Leader/Strategist
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) as a Political Leader/Head of State
The Pious Caliphate (632-660)
Caliph Abu Bakr (632-34): Apostasy Wars and consolidation of Islam.
Caliph Umar b. Khattab (634-44): Administrative system establishment and expansion of the Muslim empire.
Islamic History and Culture Caliph Uthman b. Affan (644-56): Issues and problems within the Muslim community. 1st Quarter 2 Questions
Caliph Ali b. Talib (656-660): Emergence of factionalism.
Abdication of Imam Hasan and the Establishment of the Umayyad Dynasty (660)
Political System of Islam under the Prophet (PBUH) and the Pious Caliphate
Nature of the Islamic State
Form of Government
Functions of the Islamic State
Sovereignty of God
Caliphate or Vicegerency of Man
Appointment of Caliph
Shura or Consultative Body and its Role
Institutional and Dynastic Developments
Institutional Development of the Muslim Civilization: The Early Phase (622-660)
Development of Law and Judiciary in Early Islam
Administration and State Conduct
Defense in Early Islam
Educational System
Propagation of Islam
Islamic History and Culture 2nd Quarter 2 Questions
Financial Administration
Heritage and Culture
The Umayyads in Power (660-749)
Political History of the Umayyad Dynasty
Statecraft and Administration under the Umayyads
Society and Development of Arabic Literature
Cultural Achievements
The Abbasid Era and Cultural Expansion
The Abbasids of Baghdad (749-1258)
The Abbasid Revolution and Establishment of the Abbasid Dynasty
Administrative Structure under the Abbasids
Development of Scientific Knowledge
Muslim Philosophy
Cultural Achievements
Islamic History and Culture 3rd Quarter 2 Questions
Spain under Muslim Rule
Spain under Arab and Moorish Rule (711-1492)
Political Fragmentation and Fall of Granada (1492)
Muslim Contributions to Culture, Arts, and Architecture
The Crusades against Islam
Major Encounters and Key Actors (1092-1228)
Impact on Muslim-Christian Relations
 The Ottoman Era, Sufism, and Modern Developments
The Ottoman Empire
Rise and Fall of the Ottoman Turks (1299-1923)
State, Society, and Economy under the Ottomans
Treatment of Religious Minorities
Contributions to Culture, Arts, and Architecture
Sufism as an Institution of the Muslim Society
Islamic History and Culture Origin and Development of Sufism 4th Quarter 2 Questions
Contributions of the Sufis to Muslim Civilization
Relationship with State and Political Authorities
Critical Perspectives on Sufism
Islam and Modernity in the Contemporary World
Emergence of Islamic Modernism
Intellectual, Political, Economic, Social, and Educational Aspects
Dissemination of Muslim Learning in the West
Theories and Thinkers in Political Thought
1. Western Political Thought

Ancient and Classical Thinkers:

Plato
Aristotle
Renaissance and Enlightenment Thinkers:
Machiavelli
Montesquieu
Hobbes
Locke
Rousseau
19th and 20th Century Thinkers:
Kant
Mill
Bentham
Hegel
Marx
Lenin
Mao
Gramsci
Karl Popper
Political Science Paper 1 Pierre Bourdieu 1st Quarter 2 Questions
John Rawls
Francis Fukuyama
Foucault
Derrida
Kierkegaard
Jean-Paul Sartre
Rene Descartes
2. Muslim Political Thought

Classical Thinkers:
Al-Farabi
Al-Mawardi
Ibn Rushd
Imam Ghazali
Ibn Taymiyyah
Nizam-ul-Mulk Tusi
Ibn Khaldun
Modern Thinkers:
Shah Waliullah
Allama Muhammad Iqbal
Jamaluddin Afghani
Rashid Rida
Political Systems and Concepts
1. State Systems

The nature and emergence of the modern nation-state system

Islamic concept of state and Ummah
2. Political Concepts (Western and Islamic)

Sovereignty
Political Science Paper 1 2nd Quarter 2 Questions
Justice
Law
Liberty
Freedom
Equality
Rights and Duties
Human Rights
Political Authority and Power
Political Dynamics and Governance
1. Comparative Politics

Political Socialization
Political Culture
Political Development
Political Recruitment
Social Change
Civil Society
Violence and Terrorism in Politics
Gender and Politics
Women Empowerment
2. Political Participation

Political Change and Revolution

Elections
Electoral System
Public Opinion
Propaganda
Political Science Paper 1 Political Parties 3rd Quarter 2 Questions
Pressure Groups and Lobbies
3. Political Institutions and Role of Government

Legislature
Executive
Judiciary
Political Elites
Civil and Military Bureaucracy
4. Forms of Government

Monarchy
Democracy
Dictatorship
Totalitarian/Authoritarian
Unitary
Federal
Confederation
Presidential
Parliamentary
 Political Ideologies and Local Governance
1. Political Ideologies

Capitalism
Marxism
Communism
Socialism
Totalitarianism
Political Science Paper 1 4th Quarter 2 Questions
Fascism
Nationalism
Islamic Political Ideology
2. Local Self-Government

Theory and practice of Local Self-Government with special reference to Pakistan

Comparative analyses of systems of local governance
Public Administration and Public Policy
Comparative Political Systems
1. Comparative and Analytical Study of Political Systems (Part A)

Political System of the U.S.A.

Political System of the U.K.
Political System of France
Political System of Germany
Political Science Paper 2 1st Quarter 2 Questions
2. Comparative and Analytical Study of Political Systems (Part B)

Political System of Turkey

Political System of Iran
Political System of Malaysia
Political System of India
Political System of China
Global and Regional Integration
1. Globalization and Politics

Globalization and Politics: The effects of globalization on national and international politics.
2. Global Civil Society

Global Civil Society: The role and impact of global civil society in international relations.
3. Regional Politico-Economic Integration
Political Science Paper 2 2nd Quarter 2 Questions
Organizational Structure of the European Union: How the EU operates and its role in regional integration.
SAARC: South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation.
ECO: Economic Cooperation Organization.
4. International Financial Regimes

IMF and WTO: Roles and impacts of the International Monetary Fund and World Trade Organization in global
economics.
Political Movements and Governance
1. Political Movements in India (Colonial Period)

Rise of Muslim Nationalism in South Asia

Pakistan Movement: Key figures and their roles:
Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
Allama Muhammad Iqbal
Quaid-i-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah
2. Government and Politics in Pakistan

Constitution Making from 1947-1956

Comparative and Critical Analysis of Constitutions: 1956, 1962, 1973
Political Science Paper 2 3rd Quarter 2 Questions
Constitutional Amendments Up-to-Date
Federal Structure in Pakistan
Central-Provincial Relations after the 18th Amendment
Political Culture of Pakistan
Political Developments and Role of Civil and Military Bureaucracy
Judiciary
Feudalism
Dynastic Politics
Political Parties and Interest Groups
Elections and Voting Behavior
Religion and Politics
Ethnicity and National Integration
International Relations
1. History of International Relations Post-WWII

History of International Relations: Major developments in international relations since World War II.
2. Foreign Policy of Pakistan

National Interests and Major Determinants:

Size/Geography
Economic Development
Security
Advancement in Technology
National Capacity
Political Science Paper 2 Political Parties/Leadership 4th Quarter 2 Questions
Ideology
National Interest
Role of Press/Bureaucracy
Social Structure
Public Opinion
Diplomacy
Foreign Policy-Making Process in Pakistan
External Factors:
International Power Structure
International Organizations
World Public Opinion
Reaction of Other States
 ‫‪ 1‬ﺳﻧڌي ﭔوﻟﻲ َء ﺟﻲ ﻗداﻣت‬
‫ﺳﻧڌي ﭔوﻟﻲ ﺑﺎﺑت ﻋﺎﻟﻣن ﺟﺎ ﻧظرﯾﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﻧڌي ﭔوﻟﻲ ﺟﺎ اھم ﻟﮭﺟﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ 2.‬ﺳﻧڌي ﻟوڪ ادب‬
‫ﻟوڪ ﮔﯾت )ﺳﮭرو‪ ،‬ھو ﺟﻣﺎﻟو‪ ،‬ﻟوﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣورو‪ ،‬وﻏﯾره(‬
‫ﻟوڪ וھﺎﭨﯾون‬
‫ڏور‬
‫ﮘُﺟﮭﺎرت‬
‫ﭘروﻟﻲ‬
‫‪ 3.‬ﺳﻧڌي ادب ﺟﺎ ﻣﺧﺗﻠف دور‪.‬‬
‫ﺳوﻣرا دور‬
‫ﺳﻣﺎ دور‬
‫ارﻏون‪ ،‬ﺗرﺧﺎن ۽ ﻣﻐل دور‬
‫וﻟﮭوڙا دور‬
‫‪՜‬اﻟﭘرن ﺟو دور‬
‫‪Sindhi‬‬ ‫اﻧﮕرﯾز ﺟو دور‬ ‫‪1st Quarter‬‬ ‫‪2 Questions‬‬
‫ﭘﺎוﺳﺗﺎن ﯾﻌﻧﻲ ﻣوﺟوده دور‬
‫‪4.‬וﻻﺳﯽ זل ﺷﺎﻋر‬
‫ﻗﺎﺿﻲ ﻗﺎدن‬
‫ﺷﺎھﮭ וرﯾم‬
‫ﺷﺎھﮭ ﻋﺑداﻟﻠطﯾف ڀ‪՝‬اﺋﻲ‬
‫ﺧواﺟﮭ ﻣﺣﻣد زﻣﺎن ﻟﻧواري‬
‫ﺳﭼل ﺳرﻣﺳت‬
‫ﻋﺑداﻟرﺣﯾم ﮔرھوڙي‬
‫ﺳﺎﻣﻲ‬
‫‪ 5.‬ﺟدﯾد ﺳﻧڌي ﺷﺎﻋرن ﺟون ﺻﻧﻔون‪.‬‬
‫ﻏزل‬
‫ﻧظم‬
‫آزاد ﻧظم‬
‫ﮔﯾت‬
‫ھﺎﺋﯽ זو‬
‫‪ 6‬ﻗدﯾم ﺳﻧڌي ﺷﺎﻋرن ﺟون ﺻﻧﻔون‪.‬‬
‫ﺳورﭠو‬
‫دوھو‬
‫ﺑﯾت‬
‫واﺋﻲ‬
‫וاﻓﻲ‬
‫‪ 7.‬ﺟدﯾد دور ﺟﺎ ﺳﻧڌي ﺷﺎﻋر‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﺑدال זرﯾم ﮔداﺋﻲ‬
‫ﺣﺎﺟﻲ اﺣﻣد ﻣﻼح‬
‫ﺣﯾدر ﺑﺧش ﺟﺗوﺋﻲ‬
‫ﺷﯾﺦ اﯾﺎز‬
‫ﺗﻧوﯾر ﻋﺑﺎﺳﻲ‬
‫اﻣداد ﺣﺳﯾﻧﻲ‬
‫اﺳﺗﺎد ﺑﺧﺎري‬
‫اﯾﺎز ﮔل‬
‫ﺗﺎﺟل ﺑﯾوس‬
‫ﻋﺑداﻟﻐﻔﺎر ﺗﺑﺳم‬
‫ادل ﺳوﻣرو‬
‫ﻧﺻﯾر ﺳوﻣرو‬
‫رﺧﺳﺎﻧﺎ ﭘرﯾت ﭼن֟‬
‫ﻣﺎھﯾن ھﯾﺳﺑﺎﭨﻲ‬
‫‪ 8.‬ﺳﻧڌي ﻧﺛر ﻧﮕﺎر‬
‫וاוو ﭜﯾروﻣل‬
‫ھوﺗﭼﻧد ﻣوﻟﭼﻧد ﮔرﺑﺧﺷﺎﭨﻲ‬
‫ﻣﯾران ﻣﺣﻣد ﺷﺎھﮭ‬
‫ﻣرزا ﻗﻠﯾﭻ ﺑﯾﮓ‬
‫‪Sindhi‬‬ ‫ڊاו‪՝‬ر ﻋﻣر ﺑن داﺋود ﭘو‪՜‬و‬ ‫‪2nd Quarter‬‬ ‫‪2 Questions‬‬
‫ﭘﯾر ﻋﻠﻲ ﻣﺣﻣد راﺷدي‬
‫ﭘﯾر ﺣﺳﺎم اﻟدﯾن راﺷدي‬
‫ﺟﻲ اﯾم ﺳﯾد‬
‫ڊاו‪՝‬ر ﻧﺑﻲ ﺑﺧش ﺧﺎن ﺑﻠوچ‬
‫ڊاו‪՝‬ر ﻏﻼم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻻﻧﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺣﻣد ﻋﺛﻣﺎن ڏﯾﭘﻼﺋﻲ‬
‫ح זﯾم ﻓﺗﺢ ﻣﺣﻣد ﺳﯾوھﺎﭨﻲ‬
‫ڊاו‪՝‬ر ﻓﮭﻣﯾده ﺣﺳﯾن‬
‫ﺗﺎج ﺟوﯾو‬
‫ڊاו‪՝‬ر וﻣﺎل ﭴﺎﻣ֟و‬
‫‪ 9.‬ﺟدﯾد ﻧﺛري ادب‬
‫ﻧﺎول‬
‫اﻓﺳﺎﻧو‬
‫ڊراﻣو‬
‫ﺳﻔرﻧﺎﻣو‬
‫‪0‬ﻧﺎول ﺟﺎ וﺟﮭﮭ اھم ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺎ‬
‫زﯾﻧت ﻣرزا ﻗﻠﯾﭻ ﺑﯾﮓ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻧﮕﮭ֟ ﻣﺣﻣد ﻋﺛﻣﺎن ڏﯾﭘﻼﺋﻲ‬
‫آﻏﺎ ﺳﻠﯾم‬
‫اوڙاھﮭ ﻏﻼم ﻧﺑﻲ ﻣﻐل‬
‫ﭘ֟ﺎڏو ﺳوﺋﻲ س ﺳراج ﻣﯾﻣڻ‬
‫رھﺟﻲ وﯾل ﻣﻧظر طﺎرق ﻋﺎﻟم اﺑ֟و‬
‫ﻻش ﻏﻼم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻻﻧﺎ‬
‫ﻣوﺋن ﺟو دڙو ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﺑﺎ‬
‫ﺧواب ﺧوﺷﺑو ۽ ﮀوוري ﻣﺎھﺗﺎب ﻣﺣﺑوب‬
‫ﭘﯾﺎر ﭘﻧﺎھون ۽ ﮀﺎﻧورا ﻣﺎھﺗﺎب ﻣﺣﺑوب‬
 ‫‪1‬اﻓﺳﺎﻧن ﺟﺎ וﺟﮭﮭ اھم ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺎ‬
‫ﺑﻠو دادا ڊاו‪՝‬ر اﯾﺎز ﻗﺎدري‬
‫ﭘﺷو ﭘﺎﺷﺎ ﻣﺞ ال اﺑ֟و‬
‫آب ﺣﯾﺎت ﻏﻼم رﺑﺎﻧﻲ آﮔرو‬
‫دل ﺟﻲ دﻧﯾﺎ اﻣر ﺟﻠﯾل‬
‫ﺳﻔﯾد وﺣﺷﻲ ﺷﯾﺦ اﯾﺎز‬
‫ﭘﭤر ﺗﻲ ﻟﯽ זو ﻧﺟم ﻋﺑﺎﺳﻲ‬
‫ﭼو‪՜‬ﯾﮭون در ﻧﺳﯾم ﮐرل‬
‫ج ھن ﻣﺎن ﻧﮭ ھوﻧدس اﻣر ﺟﻠﯾل‬
‫ﻗﯾدي َء ﺟﻲ ﻋﯾد ﺳﺗﺎر ڀ‪՝‬ي‬
‫ﺗﺧﻠﯾق ﺟو اﻧت ﻋﺎﺑده ﮔﮭﺎﻧﮕﮭرو‬
‫وﺻﯾت ﻧﺎﻣو اﻧور וاוا‬
‫ﭼن‪ փ‬ﺟﺎ ﺗﻣﻧﺎﺋﻲ آﻏﺎ ﺳﻠﯾم‬
‫ﭼﺎﻧدي ﺟون ﺗﺎرون ﻣﺎھﺗﺎب ﻣﺣﺑوب‬
‫‪12.‬ڊراﻣن ﺟﺎ וﺟﮭﮭ اھم ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺎ‬
‫ﻟﯾﻠﻲ ﻣﺟﻧون ﻣرزا ﻗﻠﯾﭻ ﺑﯾﮓ‬
‫ﺣﺳﻧﺎ دﻟدار ﻣرزا ﻗﻠﯾﭻ ﺑﯾﮓ‬
‫ﺷﮭزادو ﺑﮭرام ﻣرزا ﻗﻠﯾﭻ ﺑﯾﮓ‬
‫‪Sindhi‬‬ ‫ان זواﺋري آﻓﯾﺳر ﻣرزا ﻗﻠﯾﭻ ﺑﯾﮓ‬ ‫‪3rd Quarter‬‬ ‫‪2 Questions‬‬
‫ﺑد ﻧﺻﯾب ﭤري ﻣﺣﻣد اﺳﻣﺎﻋﯾل ﻋرﺳﺎﭨﻲ‬
‫וاڪ ﻣﺣل ﺷﻣﺷﯾر اﻟﺣﯾدري‬
‫آﺧري رات ﻣﻣﺗﺎز ﻣرزا‬
‫ﻟ֟ ﻟ֟ زﻧﺟﯾر ﻗﺎﺿﻲ ﺧﺎدم‬
‫וي ﺟو ﭔﯾﺟل ﭔوﻟﯾو ﺷﯾﺦ اﯾﺎز‬
‫واﭼوڙن ۾ ﻻٽ ﻗﻣر ﺷﮭﺑﺎز‬
‫‪ 13.‬اھم ﺳﻔرﻧﺎﻣﺎ‬
‫ﯾورپ ﺟﻲ ڊاﺋري ﻗﺎﺿﻲ ﻋﺑداﻟﻣﺟﯾد ﻋﺎﺑد‬
‫ﺳﯾر ۽ ﺳﻔر ﺳﯾد ﻏﻼم ﻣﺻطﻔﻲ ﺷﺎھﮭ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺋو ﺟﻲ ﻣل ה ۾ ڊاו‪՝‬ر ﻋﺑداﻟﺟﺑﺎر ﺟوﭨﯾﺟو‬
‫ﻣﻧﮭﻧﺟو ﺳﺎﮔر ﻣﻧﮭﻧﺟو ﺳﺎﺣل اﻟطﺎف ﺷﯾﺦ‬
‫ﺳﮕﮭﺎرو ھﻣﺎﻟﯾﮭ ھﯾﭨﺎ ﻣﺎﭨﮭو ﻓﻘﯾر ﻣﺣﻣد ﻻﺷﺎري‬
‫ﻣون ﻟﯾﻧن ﺟو ڏﯾﮭﮭ ڏﭠو ﺷﯾﺦ ﻋزﯾز‬
‫ﻣﯾﮭ֟ ﮐﺎن ﻣﺎس זو ﻣﺣﺑوب ﺷﯾﺦ‬
‫ڏوري ڏوري ڏﯾﮭﮭ ﺗﻧوﯾر ﻋﺑﺎﺳﻲ‬
‫ﭼﺎر ﮔﮭ֟ﯾون ﭼﯾن ۾ اﺣﻣد ﻋﻠﻲ رﻧد‬
‫ﺳرھﻲ ﺳرھﻲ ﺳﺎر ﻣﺎھﺗﺎب ﻣﺣﺑوب‬
‫ﭘرﯾن ھن ﭘﺎر اﺳﺣﺎق اﻧﺻﺎري‬
‫‪4‬ﺗﯾﺎري ﻻ ِء ﻣددي וﺗﺎب‬
‫‪ 1‬ﺷﺎھﮭ ﺟو رﺳﺎﻟو וﻟﯾﺎڻ آڏواﭨﻲ‬
‫‪ 2‬ﻣﻘدﻣﮭ ﻟطﯾﻔﻲ ڊاו‪՝‬ر ﮔرﺑﺧﺷﺎﭨﻲ‬
‫‪ 3‬ﺳﻧڌي ﭔوﻟﻲ ﺳراج‬
‫‪ 4‬ﭘﯾﻐﺎم ﻟطﯾف ﺟﻲ اﯾم ﺳﯾد‬
‫‪ 5‬ﺷﺎھﮭ ﺟﻲ ﻋواﻣﻲ ﺷﺎﻋري ﺗﻧوﯾر ﻋﺑﺎﺳﻲ‬
‫‪ 6‬ﺳﻧڌي ﭔوﻟﻲ ۽ ادب ﺟﻲ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ڊاו‪՝‬ر ﻧﺑﻲ ﺑﺧش ﺑﻠوچ‬
‫‪ 7‬ﺳﻧڌي ﭔوﻟﻲ ﺟﻲ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﭜﯾروﻣل آڏواﭨﻲ‬
‫‪ 8‬ﺳﻧڌي ﭔوﻟﻲ ﺟو ﺑڻ ﺑﻧﯾﺎد ڊاו‪՝‬ر ﻏﻼم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻻﻧﺎ‬
‫‪ 9‬ﺳﻧڌي ادب ﺟﻲ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ڊاו‪՝‬ر ﻋﺑداﻟﺟﺑﺎر ﺟوﭨﯾﺟو‬
‫ﺟﻠد ‪ 1‬ﭘﺑﻠﺷر‪ :‬ﺳﻧڌي ﻟﺋﻧﮕوﺋﯾﺞ اﭤﺎر‪՜‬ي‪ ،‬ﺣﯾدرآﺑﺎد‬
‫ﺟﻠد ‪2‬‬
‫ﺟﻠد ‪3‬‬
‫ﺷﺎھﮭ וرﯾم ﺟو וﻻم ڊاו‪՝‬ر داﺋود ﭘو‪՜‬و‬
‫‪12‬ﺳﭼل ﺟو וﻻم ﻋﺛﻣﺎن اﻧﺻﺎري‬
‫‪ 13‬ﺳﻧڌي ﺷﺎﻋري ﺟون ﺻﻧﻔون ظﻔر ﻋﺑﺎﺳﻲ‬
‫‪Sindhi‬‬ ‫‪ 14‬ﺳﻧڌي ﭔوﻟﻲ ۽ ادب ﺟﻲ ﻣﺧﺗﺻر ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ طﺎرق ﻋزﯾز ﺷﯾﺦ ﭘﺑﻠﺷر‪ :‬וاﭠﯾﺎواڙ اس‪՝‬ور וراﭼﻲ‬ ‫‪4th Quarter‬‬ ‫‪2 Questions‬‬
‫‪ 15‬ﭼﺎر ﻣﻘﺎﻻ اﺳﻣﺎﻋﯾل ﻋرﺳﺎﭨﻲ‬
‫‪ 16‬ﺳﻧڌي ﻟوڪ ادب ﺟو ﺗﺣﻘﯾﻘﻲ ﺟﺎﺋزو ﻋﺑدا ل זرﯾم ﺳﻧدﯾﻠو‬
‫‪ 17‬ﺳﻧڌي ادب ﺟﻲ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﻣﺧﺗﯾﺎر ﻣﻼح‬
‫‪18‬ﺳﻧڌي ﻟوڪ וھﺎﭨﯾون ڊاו‪՝‬ر ﻧﺑﻲ ﺑﺧش ﺑﻠوچ‬
‫‪ 19‬ھٻ זار )ﻣﺿﻣوﻧن ﺟو וﺗﺎب( ڊاו‪՝‬ر ﻧواز ﻋﻠﻲ ﺷوق‬
‫‪ 20‬ﺳﻧڌي اﻓﺳﺎﻧو ﻣﯾﻣڻ راﻧﺟﮭڻ ﺧﺎن‬
‫‪ 21‬ﺳﻧڌي ﻧﺛر ﺟﻲ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﻣﻧﮕﮭﺎرام ﻣل זاﭨﻲ‬
‫‪22‬ﭼون‪ փ‬ﺳﻧڌي اﻓﺳﺎﻧﺎ ڊاו‪՝‬ر ﻏﻼم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻻﻧﺎ‬
‫‪ 23‬ﺳﭼل ﺳﺎرو ﺳﭻ ﻣرﺗب‪ :‬ڊاו‪՝‬ر ﻧواز ﻋﻠﻲ ﺷوق‬
‫‪24‬וﭼﮭري َء ﺟﺎ ﻣور ڊاו‪՝‬ر וﻣﺎل ﭴﺎﻣ֟و‬
‫‪ 25‬ﺷﺎﻋراﭨو اﭜﯾﺎس ﭘروﻓﯾﺳر ﻣﻧظور ﮐﮭ֟و‬
‫‪26‬ﺷﺎھﮭ ﻋﺑداﻟﻠطﯾف ڀ‪՝‬اﺋﻲ ۽ ﭘﺎוﺳﺗﺎﻧﻲ ﭔوﻟﯾن ﺟﺎ ﺻوﻓﻲ ﺷﺎﻋر‬
‫)וﻣﺎل ﭴﺎﻣ֟و ۽ طﺎرق ﻋزﯾز ﺷﯾﺦ(‬
‫‪) 15.‬اﻟف( ﺳﻧڌي ۾ ڏﻧل ﻣﺿﻣون ﺟو اﻧﮕرﯾزي ۾ ﺗرﺟﻣو‬
‫)ب( اﻧﮕرﯾزي ۾ ڏﻧل ﭘﯾراﮔراف ﺟو ﺳﻧڌي ۾ ﺗرﺟﻣو‬
‫‪10‬ﻗﺎﺿﻲ ﻗﺎدن ﺟو וﻻم ھﯾروٺ זر‬