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 MASTERING PYTHON
NETWORK AUTOMATION
Automating Container Orchestration,
Configuration, and Networking with
Terraform, Calico, HAProxy, and Istio

Tim Peters
 Content
Preface
Chapter 1: Python Essentials for Networks
Role of Python in Network Programming
Overview
Factors Benefitting Networking
Learn to use Data Types
Numeric Data Types
Boolean Data Type
Sequence Data Types
Mapping Data Types
Set Data Types
Binary Data Types
Exploring Loops
For Loops
While Loops
Working with Functions
Defining Functions
Calling Functions
Default Arguments
Variable-length Arguments
Lambda Functions
Recursion
Global and Local Variables
Function Arguments
Nested Functions
Summary
Chapter 2: File Handling and Modules in Python
File Handling
Opening and Closing Files
Reading from Files
Writing to Files
Appending to Files
With Statement
Exception Handling:
Utilizing Modules
Creating a Module
Importing a Module
Built-In Modules
Creating Packages
Standard Library Modules
My First Python Script
Summary
Chapter 3: Preparing Network Automation Lab
Components of Network Automation Process
Network Devices
Network Emulator
Python Environment
Automation Scripts
Putting It All Together
Benefits of Network Automation Lab
Install NS3 Network Simulator
System Requirements
Install Required Dependencies
Download NS-3
Install Python
 Update System
Install Python
Install pip
Install paramiko, Netmiko and Nornir
Install Virtual Environment
Create Virtual Environment
Activate the Virtual Environment
Install Python Libraries in Virtual Environment
Deactivate the Virtual Environment
Install Visual Studio Code
Download and Install VS Code
Install Python Extension
Configure Python Interpreter
Create Python Project
Write Python Code
Run Python Code
Summary
Chapter 4: Configuring Libraries and Lab Components
Nornir
Architecture of Nornir
Significance of Nornir
Paramiko
Architecture of Paramiko
Significance of Paramiko
Netmiko
Architecture of Netmiko
Significance of Netmiko
PyEZ
Architecture of PyEZ
 Significance of PyEZ
Configure nornir, paramiko, netmiko and pyEZ
Installing and Configuring Nornir
Installing and Configuring Paramiko
Installing and Configuring Netmiko
Installing and Configuring PyEZ
Configure Ports
Configuring Ports on Switches
Configuring Ports on Routers
Configure Hosts
Configuring Hosts on Windows
Configuring Hosts on Linux
Configure Servers
Installing Server Operating System
Configuring Network Settings
Installing and Configuring Server Software
Configure Network Encryption
SSL/TLS
IPsec
SSH
VPN
Testing the Network Automation Environment
Test Connectivity between Hosts
Test Port Connectivity
Test SSH Connectivity
Test Network Automation Libraries
Test NS3 Emulator
Test Network Encryption
Summary
Chapter 5: Code, Test & Validate Network Automation
Understanding Network Automation Scripts
Procedure of Network Automation Scripts
Define Variables for Automation Scripts
Install Required Libraries
Import Libraries
Define Variables
Connect to Device
Send Configuration Commands
Close Connection
Create Script to Use Variables
Run the Script
Write Codes using Python Tools
Install Required Libraries and Tools
Import Libraries
Define Inventory
Define Tasks
Define Playbook
Execute the Script
Test and Validate the Script
Testing Network Automation Scripts
Set Up a Test Environment
Create Test Cases
Run the Code
Document Test Results
Debug Errors
Identify the Error or Issue
Review the Code
Use Print Statements
 Use a Debugger
Fix the Error or Issue
Validate Network Automation Scripts
Prepare the Production Environment
Deploy Code to Production Environment or Devices
Run the Code on Production Environment or Devices
Verify the Output
Summary
Chapter 6: Automation of Configuration Management
Why Configuration Management?
Need of Configuration Management
Role of Python in Configuration Management
Server Provisioning with Terraform
Set up AWS Credentials
Install Terraform
Define Terraform Configuration
Initialize Terraform
Apply Terraform Configuration
Connect to EC2 Instance
Creating Server
Testing Server
Using Python to Automate System Settings
Import Necessary Modules
Define Timezone
Execute Command to Change Timezone
Verify Setting the Timezone
Using Python to Modify Base Configurations
Using Terraform to Modify Base Configurations
Automating System Identification
 Install Terraform Module
Python Script to Retrieve System Information
Using Python to Automate Patches and Updates
Install Necessary Libraries
Check for Available Updates
Upgrade the System
Reboot the System
Schedule Regular Updates
Using Terraform to Roll Patches and Updates
Create Configuration File
Applying Configuration File
Identify Unstable and Non-compliant Configurations
Establish Connection with Device
Retrieve Running Configuration
Search Non-compliant Interfaces
Fixing Non-compliant Configurations
Summary
Chapter 7: Managing Docker and Container Networks
Docker and Containers
Docker & Container Fundmentals
Benefits & Applications
Role of Python in Containerization
Install and Configure Docker
Install Docker
Install Docker Python Module
Create Dockerfile
Build Docker Image
Run Docker Container
Test Docker Container
 Using Python to Build Docker Images
Create DockerFile
Install Dependencies
Define Command
Build Docker Image
Run Container
Running Containers
Automate Running of Containers
Install Docker SDK for Python
Import Docker SDK
Connect to Docker Daemon
Define Container Configuration
Create Container
Start the Container
Stop and Remove Containers
Container Network Management
Overview
Managing Container Networks with Docker SDK
Summary
Chapter 8: Orchestrating Container & Workloads
Container Scheduling and Workload Automation
Network Service Disocvery
Understanding etcd
Service Discovery using etcd
Install etcd
Start etcd
Register Services
Discover Services
Automate Service Discovery
Sample Program to Automate Service Discovery
Kubernetes Load Balancers
Exploring HAProxy
Manage Load Balancer Servers using HAProxy
Import Required Libraries
Define API Endpoint URLs
Define Function to Add or Remove Servers
Call Function
Sample Program to Manage Load Balancer Servers
Automate Add/Manage SSL Certificate
Using Cryptography Library to Automate SSL
Step-by-step Illustration of Sample Program
Manage Container Storage
Sample Program
Step-by-step Illustration of Sample Program
Necessity of Container Performance
Why Container Performance?
Container Performance KPIs
Setting Up Container Performance Monitoring
Install the Required Libraries
Import Required Libraries
Connect to Docker API
Get Container List
Pull Performance Metrics
Print Container Metrics
Automated Rolling of Updates
Get Current Deployment Object
Update Deployment Object
Check Status of Deployment Rollout
 Clean Up Resources
Summary
Chapter 9: Pod Networking
Pods and Pod Networking
What are Pods?
Pods beyond Containers
Networking in Pods
Setting Up Pod Network
Choose a Pod Network Provider
Install Pod Network Provider
Configure Pod Network
Verify the Pod Network
Exploring Calico
Overview
Characteristics of Calico
Getting Started with Calico
Using Calico to Setup Pod Network
Routing Protocols
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS)
Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
Exploring Cilium
Key Features of Cilium
Cilium Architecture
Install Cilium
Automation of Network Policies
Overview
Steps for Network Policies Automation
 Using Calico to Automate Network Policies
Workload Routing
Need of Workload Routing
Istio
Linkerd
Consul
Summary
Chapter 10: Implementing Service Mesh
Service-to-Service Communication
Remote Procedure Calls (RPCs)
Message-based Communication
Need of Service-to-Service
Rise of Service Mesh
Exploring Istio
Overview
Istio’s Capabilities
Installing Istio
Cluster Traffic
NodePort
LoadBalancer
Ingress
Istio Control Plane
Using Istio to Route Traffic
Metrics, Logs and Traces
Metrics
Logs
Traces
Using Grafana to Collect Metrics
Steps to Collect Metrics
Summary
 Preface
With "Mastering Python Network Automation," you can streamline
container orchestration, configuration management, and resilient
networking with Python and its libraries, allowing you to emerge as a
skilled network engineer or a strong DevOps professional.
From the ground up, this guide walks readers through setting up a
network automation lab using the NS3 network simulator and Python
programming. This includes the installation of NS3, as well as python
libraries like nornir, paramiko, netmiko, and PyEZ, as well as the
configuration of ports, hosts, and servers. This book will teach you
the skills to become a proficient automation developer who can test
and fix any bugs in automation scripts. This book examines the
emergence of the service mesh as a solution to the problems
associated with service-to-service communication over time.
This book walks you through automating various container-related
tasks in Python and its libraries, including container orchestration,
service discovery, load balancing, container storage management,
container performance monitoring, and rolling updates. Calico and
Istio are two well-known service mesh tools, and you'll find out how
to set them up and configure them to manage traffic routing,
security, and monitoring.
Additional topics covered in this book include the automation of
network policies, the routing of workloads, and the collection and
monitoring of metrics, logs, and traces. You'll also pick up some tips
and tricks for collecting and visualising Istio metrics with the help of
tools like Grafana.
In this book you will learn how to:
Use of Istio for cluster traffic management, traffic routing,
and service mesh implementation.
Utilizing Cilium and Calico to solve pod networking and
automate network policy and workload routing.
Monitoring and managing Kubernetes clusters with etcd
and HAProxy load balancers and container storage.
Other documents randomly have
different content
 See 10a, 16, 17a, 50, 62, 64.

18. Findley, Sarah, “over 50.” She was mother to one of the house-
girls at Bethlehem, in the Santa Cruz Mountains, an old-time woman
and quite illiterate.

See 146.

19. Forbes, William, over 75. He came from Dry River and was one
of my best story-tellers. He had been song-leader and “Tea-meeting
chairman” for his district and was much respected for his intelligence
and sense of order. He came at several different times and sang or
told stories with equal ease and with a freshness and delight which
was contagious, never failing to bring a small gift from his garden
and never arguing over the pay. He had a very long-shaped head
and beaming eyes.

See 2a, 3, 7, 8, 11b, 24, 25b, 46, 70, 85b, 86a, 101, 140,
141, 142.

20. Ford, May, a young girl. She was of the better class, daughter of
the lodging-house keeper at Newmarket, in Westmoreland.

See 44.

21. Foster, Alexander, aged 40, one of the Maroon story-tellers.

See 88.

22. Gentle, Julia, over 70. She came to me twice at Bethlehem in the
Santa Cruz mountains and recited the stories with great rapidity as if
she knew them by heart in a fixed form, among them some English
ballads of second rate interest.

See 18, 60b, 61, 69b, 77, 112.

23. Hall, Matilda, aged 50, one of the women who came to me at
Harmony Hall, and a good singer and story-teller.

See 57c, 71a, 85b, 148. [293]

24. Harris, William, a young man. He came from a shop at Maggotty

and was scarcely able to speak from bashfulness.

See 73b.

25. Hendricks, Moses, over 60. He was a white man, but lived with
his negro family like one of the race; an excellent story-teller,
dictating some fifteen stories to me at three different visits to his
house.

See 13b, 15, 25a, 26, 29, 35, 48, 69a, 99, 138.

26. Hilton, Elizabeth, aged 41. She was care-taker at Harmony-Hall

and a fine intelligent type. In the evening when her work was done,
she recited to me some thirteen stories learned from her mother
who was brought up at Harmony Hall, and from an old school-
master at Retirement.

See 37a, 40b (1), 84b, 104, 105.

27. Hilton, Norman, aged 13, son to Elizabeth.

See 5.

28. Hilton, James Anderson, aged 33, one of the Maroon men.

See 149.

29. Iron, Adolphus, about 50. A reputed humorist from Golden Grove
near Claremont, but disappointing in frock coat at the lodging house.
 See 20, 37b.

30. Johnson, Emanuel, about 40, from Orange Hill near Brownstown.

See 30c, 97a.

31. Jones, Stanley, aged 27, one of the Claremont group.

See 21c, 133.

32. Macfarlane, Joseph, aged 14. He was a natural clown, long and
loose-jointed. It was in the evening after work at Moneague and he
stood in the middle of the group and acted out the story he was
telling in rapid, unintelligible dialect, and with excellent mimicry of
both speech and gesture. Afterward he recited it to me more slowly,
possibly more in detail.

See 5a, 129.

33. Macfarlane, Rennie, aged 11. He was employed at the hotel in

Mandeville.

See 27b, 38a, 59.

34. Morgan, Richard, about 50. He was an entertainer in the Santa

Cruz district and came over to Falconer’s for two days to give me
these stories.

See 6, 17d, 19, 21a, 34, 45, 52, 54, 55, 57a, 85a (1), 87a, 89,
92b (3), 93, 98, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 136, 137.

35. Morris, Margaret, aged 85. Her memory wandered unless

prompted by her son-in-law, at that time captain of the Maroons.

See 74.
36. Morrison, Vincent, aged 20. He was a Mandeville lad and claimed
to “compose” his stories.

See 94.

37. Parkes, George, over 40. This blind man had lived in different
parts of the island and been over-seas in Africa. He had picked up
stories wherever he went, and he took great pleasure in reciting
them to me. He gave me fifteen at different visits, all very full and
accurate. He was an indifferent singer and made no attempt to act
out the story.

See 1a, 2b, 4, 21b, 22, 23, 30a, 31, 32a, 33, 38b, 65, 87b,
91, 92a, 95.

38. Pottinger, Henry, over 70. We were gathered one evening in his
son’s cottage near Claremont for story-telling when the old man
made his [294]appearance chanting a nonsense line as he came. It
seemed to be a kind of formal prelude to the occasion, but I could
not get the words.

See 103.

39. Pottinger, Richard, over 40. He was son to Henry, with a great
local reputation. A group gathered in his house two evenings after
work and told stories in turn as seemed to be the custom.

See 40a, 78c, 115.

40. Ramtalli, (Mrs.) about 30. She was of the better educated class,
from St. Mary’s parish, and wife of the East Indian school-master at
Maggotty.

See 39, 90.

41. Roach, David. He was at Lacovia with a company of strolling
players at Christmas-time, but he came from Savannah-la-mar.

See 43a, 79.

42. Robinson, Howard, from Retirement.

See 97b.

43. Roden, Mary Jane, over 80. She was bedridden. The cottage had
one room and the floor was partly broken through. Her daughter
was ironing, the little grandchild danced to the songs she crooned.

See 143, 144, 145.

44. Roe, Charles, aged 50, one of the Maroons.

See 28, 125.

45. Roe, Martha, aged 74, also a Maroon.

See 81, 82b.

46. Roe, Richard, aged 55, another Maroon.

See 139.

47. Samuels, Etheline, aged 14, from Claremont.

See 63.

48. Saunders, William, a lad employed at the hotel in Mandeville.

See 17b.
49. Smith, James. He belonged to the group who gathered at
Pottinger’s near Claremont, a younger, better educated man, who
claimed to be a “composer.”

See 113, 127b.

50. Spence, Henry, “over 50.” He was song-leader for the workmen
on the Bog estate in Westmoreland and recited some twenty stories
at two different interviews, all briefly and with wit.

See 10b, 12b, 41, 42, 43b, 47b, 92b (2), 118, 128.

51. Tathum, Clarence, aged 20, from Mandeville.

See 114, 116.

52. Thompson, Charles, aged 18, a Maroon.

See 32c.

53. Tomlinson, Florence, aged 54. She was formerly house-servant

on the Cornwall estate and was accustomed to entertain with stories
and dancing.

See 78b, 87c, 126.

54. Townsend, Alexander, over 65. He was father of the penman at

the Flamstead ranch and was invited up to the house on Christmas
afternoon to sing and tell stories.

See 100.

55. Tulloch, aged 22. He was from Higginstown and acted as

chauffeur at the hotel at St. Ann’s Bay.

See 17c. [295]

56. Vassel, Sarah, a girl employed on the Bog estate.

See 49, 131.

57. Watkins, Susan, aged 23, from Claremont.

See 13a, 147.

56. Watson, Ethel, aged 32. She told stories one morning while
tending her sick child at Roseberry Bush, in the Santa Cruz
Mountains.

See 13c.

59. White, Thomas, about 40. On my first visit to Maroon Town in

the cock-pit country, he was selected as the leading Maroon story-
teller to recite stories for me in the church vestry, where half the
town gathered as audience. Others he gave me at Harmony Hall.
The music he dictated to Miss Roberts at a later visit. He was one of
my best informants, though an adroit padder with an eye to
compensation.

See 5c, 66, 67, 68, 78a, 80, 82a, 83, 87a (note), 93, 96.

60. Williams, Alfred, his friend. He was the Maroon song-leader and,
with White, led the games and sports. A good singer, but an
indifferent story-teller.

See 40b (2), 60a, 72, 73a.

61. Williams, Ezekiel, aged 43. At the time of my first visit to

Harmony Hall, he was head-man on the estate. He was brought up
at Retirement, a big man, very black, timid through superstition, but
full of genuine delight in acting and music.
 See 30b.

62. Williams, Thomas, about 70. He was a good entertainer, a man

of the old type, living near Harmony Hall.

See 56, 58, 107.

63. Witter, Oliver, a lad. He was a school-boy at Bethlehem, and

wrote out for me the text of six stories.

See 71b.

64. Wright, Charles, aged 44. He was one of the group at Harmony
Hall, but not a Maroon.

See 9.

65. Wright, Eliza, aged 30. From Maroon Town.

See 57b (1).

66. Wright, Samuel, aged 28, a Maroon.

See 53.
 Colophon

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Metadata

Title: Jamaica Anansi

stories
Author: Martha Warren Info
Beckwith https://viaf.org/viaf/24768395/
(1871–1959)
Contributor: Helen Heffron Info
Roberts (1888– https://viaf.org/viaf/17466936/
1985)
File generation 2024-01-16
date: 18:31:34 UTC
Language: English
Original 1924
publication
date:

Encoding
To help navigation of this text, links have been added between the
stories and the corresponding notes at the end of the work.

Internal references to the stories have been linked.

The words in the musical scores have been transcribed, and added
below the scores, to enable search and reading them through text-to-
speech processors.

Revision History

2023-11-02 Started.

Corrections

The following corrections have been applied to the text:

Page Source Correction Edit

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N.A. PUBLISHD PUBLISHED 1
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228,
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243,
258,
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285,
293 [Not in source] . 1
xii cummunicating communicating 1
4 ’ ‘ 1
4, 40 [Not in source] ’ 1
6 Si-layna Si-lay-na 1
10 do do’ 1
14 whe who 1
15 Babbit Rabbit 1
16 runing running 1
17 him her 2
17 [Not in source] ‘ 1
19 Ramgoat Ram-goat 1
28 yellou yellow 1
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39, 39 BrudderHawk Brudder Hawk 1
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56 annodder anodder 1
56 repelition repetition 1
60 Saviour Savior 1
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64 it’ it 1
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182 traveling travelling 1
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72 , [Deleted] 1
73 Timon Simon 1
77 The Then 1
88 go’ go 1
91 fisch fish 1
96 jus ’as jus’ as 2
97 An An’ 1
107 ’ , 1
107 “ ” 1
111 heiferborn heifer born 1
112 comming coming 1
114 “ [Deleted] 1
118 poeple people 2
119 Agumme Agumma 1
122 t’-ay t’-day 1
124 comence commence 1
126 Grass-quitt Grass-quit 1
130 Bull-of all-the- Bull-of-all-the-
Land Land 1
131 se she 1
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138 chimmey chimney 1
142 evert’ing everyt’ing 1
143 ane and 1
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186 Querries Queries 1
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215 Welsh-Gipsy Welsh-Gypsy 1
196 tief t’ief 1
198 Welsh-gipsy Welsh-Gypsy 2
206 dogs dog’s 1
207 where were 1
209 kould could 1
210 .” ”. 2
211,
211 : . 1
212 canot cannot 1
213,
226 , . 1
224 Noth North 1
224,
224 Réné René 1/0
224 . , 1
225 Slave-Coast Slave Coast 1
225 and y 3
229 South-Carolina South Carolina 1
231,
235 : ; 1
231 New-Orleans New Orleans 1
233 of or 1
234 ) [Deleted] 1
234 dicussed discussed 1
237 , ; 1
239 beeing being 1
240 victem victim 1
240 ot of 1
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279 Dennet Dennett 1
243 dis covers discovers 1
249 , : 1
256 ; , 1
262 — 1
264 88, 87 87 , 88 2
271 [Not in source] ; 1
273 gir’s girl’s 1
274 girls escape girl escapes 2
283 Crytal Crystal 1
292 85c 85b 1
*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK JAMAICA ANANSI
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