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Starting Out With Visual C#, 5th Edition Page 1

Solution Manual for Starting out with Visual C#, 5th Edition,
Tony Gaddis
Download full chapter at: https://testbankbell.com/product/solution-manual-for-
starting-out-with-visual-c-5th-edition-tony-gaddis/

Chapter 1: Answers to the Review Questions

Multiple Choice
1. b
2. a
3. d
4. b
5. c
6. a
7. c
8. b
9. a
10. a
11. d
12. b
13. c
14. b
15. c
16. a
17. b
18. d
19. b
20. b
21 c
22. a
23. d
24. a
25. b
26. b
27. c
28. d
29. b
30. a
31. b
32. d
33. a
34. b
35. a
36. c

Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc.

Starting Out With Visual C#, 5th Edition Page 2

True or False
1. False
2. True
3. True
4. False
5. True
6. False
7. True
8. False
9. False
10. False
11. False
12. True

Short Answer
1. Because without it, the computer could not run software.
2. A bit that is turned on represents 1, and a bit that is turned off represents 0.
3. A digital device
4. Keywords
5. mnemonics
6. A compiler is a program that translates a high-level language program into a separate machine
language program. The machine language program can then be executed any time it is needed.
An interpreter is a program that both translates and executes the instructions in a high-level
language program. As the interpreter reads each individual instruction in the program, it
converts it to a machine language instruction and then immediately executes it. Because
interpreters combine translation and execution, they typically do not create separate machine
language programs.
7. Operating system
8. Pseudocode is an informal language used to write out the steps of an algorithm. A flowchart is a
diagram that graphically depicts the steps of an algorithm.
9. In a text-based environment, such as a command line interface, programs determine the order
in which things happen.
10. A class specifies the data that an object can hold (the object’s fields and properties), and the
actions that an object can perform (the object’s methods).
11. No, because C# provides only the basic keywords and operators that you need to construct a
program. In addition to the C# language, you need the .NET Framework. The .NET Framework is
a collection of classes and other code that can be used, along with a programming language
such as C#, to create programs for the Windows operating system.
12. (1) The Toolbox
(2) The Designer window
(3) The Solution Explorer
(4) The Properties window
13. The Toolbox is a window that allows you to select the controls that you want to use in an
application’s user interface.
14. You can access the documentation for Visual Studio by Clicking Help on the menu bar, and then
selecting View Help. (Or, you can press Ctrl+F1, and then press V on the keyboard.) The MSDN

Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc.

Starting Out With Visual C#, 5th Edition Page 3

library provides complete documentation for Visual C#, as well as the other programming
languages included in Visual Studio.
15. If Visual Studio is already running, you can perform the following steps to open an existing
project:

 Click File on the Visual Studio menu bar, then select Open, then select Project/Solution...
 The Open Project window will appear. Navigate to the desired solution folder, select the
solution file, and click Open.

In Visual C# Express, perform the following steps to open an existing project:

 Click File on the Visual Studio menu bar, then select Open Project...
 The Open Project window will appear. Navigate to the desired solution folder, select the
solution file, and click Open.

16. Right-click Form1.cs in the Solution Explorer, and then click View Designer in the pop-up menu.

Exercises

1. Decimal Binary
11 1011
65 1000001
100 1100100
255 11111111

2. Binary Decimal
1101 13
1000 8
101011 43

3. Here is an example: The ASCII codes for the name Marty are:
M = 77
a = 97
r = 114
t = 226
y = 121

4. a. The three test scores

b. It will add the three test scores, and divide the sum by three.
c. It will display the result of the calculation performed in b.

Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc.

Exploring the Variety of Random
Documents with Different Content
Haly, holy (A.S. hālig)
Hamly, adj. and adv., homely, kindly, in a friendly way
Hansell, s., a present at the commencement, V. 120
Hardis, s., “hards,” or bundles of flax-fibres
Hardnyt, v., p.t., emboldened, urged on, XII. 500
Harnas, armour (O.F. harnois, with dialectal form harnas)
Harnys, brains
Hat, v., p.t., was named;
p.p., Hattyn (A.S., hātan, to be called);
p.p., haten, N.E.
Hat, Hate, Het, adj., hot;
also adv., Hat, hotly
Hawbrekis, hauberks
Hawbryschownys, habergeons
Hawch, s., haugh, low-land, XVI. 336
Hawtane, proud, I. 196 (O.F. haltain, high)
Haym(e), home
He, Hee, Hey, adj., high;
also adv., loud (A.S. hēh)
Hecht, to promise;
to be named (A.S. heht, pret. of hātan;
used as present, N.E. See Hat)
Hede-soyme, the rope attaching the yoke to the waggon, X. 180
Heill, v., cover;
p.t. and p.p., Helit, Helyt, covered, hid (A.S. helan, to cover)
Heirschip, harrying, wasting (A.S. hergian, to ravage with an
army, here)
Helde, v., to incline;
pr. p., Heldand, inclining, V. 153
Heling, s., covering
Helmys, helmets
Hely, adv., highly, loudly
Hendir, behind, past. Cf. Hendirmar, Henmast
Her, master (Skeat, reading doubtful), IX. 640
Herbery, Herbry, s., lodging (A.S. herebeorga, shelter for an
army)
Herbery v. reflex, to “harbour” themselves, take lodging;
p.t. Herberyd, Herbryit
Herbreouris, men sent on to secure lodgings
Herd, adj. and adv., hard
Herrodis, heraulds (O.F. heraut)
Hertit, heartened, encouraged, XVI. 662
Hevede, s., head, V. 11 (A.S. hēafod)
Heych, adj., high;
s., Heycht, Hicht, a height: into the hicht, openly, V. 487
Heyt, p.p., raised “high,” exalted
Hicht, s., a promise
Hicht, v. See Hecht or Heych
Hiddillis, Hyddillis, a hiding-place (sing.), VI. 382 (A.S. hydels, a
den)
Hidwys, adj., hideous;
adv., Hydwisly
Hing, Hyng, to hang
Hint, Hynt, seized, took (A.S. hentan, to seize)
Ho, s., delay, XX. *429. See note
Hobland, tossing about, IV. 447
Hobleris, light horsemen—i.e., riders on unarmoured horses—
(Anglo-Fr. hobeleor—our, derivative of hobin. See next)
Hobynis, light horses not strong enough to wear armour (O.F.
hobin, hobi, apparently of English origin)
Holl, adj., hollow, deep, VIII. 176
Holl, adj., whole, VI. 78
How-gatis, how. See Gat
Howis, holes, XI. 153
Howis, “hoes,” picks on long poles for warlike purposes, XVII.
344 (F. houe, a hoe)
Hoyn, s., delay
Hude, a hood; pl. Hudis, XIX.
332
Hufe, remain, lie in wait;
pr. p., Hufand, Huvande
Humely, Humylly, humbly
Huntand, pr. p., hunting
Husband, a small farmer
Huvande. See Hufe
Hy, s., haste;
v. reflex, to hasten (A.S. higian, to hie)
Hyde, skin, III. 584. II. 511
Hye, adj., high;
adv., loudly;
v., to heighten
Hyne, s., a hind, lad, XII. 460
Hyrcheoune, hedgehog (O.F. heriçon, a hedgehog)

Ic, I
Ik, adv., eke;
also III. 326. See Ek
Ilk, Ilka, same, each. See Grammar for distinction
Ilkan(e), Ilkone, everyone, each one
Inew, adj., enough. See Enew
Inewch, enough
Infair, a house-warming, XVI. 340
Inforcely, adv., with great force
Inforsit, v., p.t., “enforced,” strengthened, IV. 65
Ingrevand, pr. p., “engrieving,” annoying
In-myd, prep., amid
Innouth, prep., within
In-sundir, adv., asunder
Intermelle, mixed up, confusedly, XIV. 215
In-till, prep., in, into
Intwyn, asunder, VIII. 175
Isch, v., to issue;
p.t., Ischyt
Iwiss, adv., certainly, truly, XVI. 154 (A.S. gewis, certain)

Jolely, handsomely, well

Joly, handsome, good; gay, high-spirited, VIII. 446 (F. joli)
Journee, a day’s work, a battle or feat of arms (Fr.)
Jowele, jewel, XVIII. 360
Juntly, close up, XVII. 689
Justing, s., jousting, XIX. 520

Karlis, “churls,” fellows (O.N. karl, a man)

Ken, v., to know, recognize, perceive;
instruct, direct, show;
pres., Kennys, IV. 748;
p.t., Kend;
p.p., Kend
Kendlyt, v., p.p., kindled
Kep, Keip, s., heed: takand na kep, taking no heed, I. 212
Kers, Carse, low land bordering a river
Kest, v., p.t., cast
Kinrik, Kynrik, kingdom
Knaf, Knave, a boy: knaiff child, a male child
Knawyng, s., knowledge
Ky, pl. of cow (A.S. cū, cȳ)
Kyndly, adj., of nature, IV. 721, etc.
Kyne, s., kind: na kyn(e), of no kind
Kynrik, kingdom, royal power
Kyrnaill, s., a battlement (O.F. crenelle)
Kyt, a wooden vessel or pail

Ladis, s., loads

Lafe, Laif(f), Layff, Lave, the rest, the remainder (A.S. lāf)
Landar (E., Lavender), Layndar, a laundress
Land-brist, surf
Lang, long. Cf. Langar
Lansit, Lansyt, bounded, dashed forward (O.F. lancier, throw
forward;
the O.Nor.F. form lancher has been adopted as “Launch”)
Lans, s., rush, leap, X. 414
Lap, v., p.t., leapt
Lardener, a larder. V. 410
Larg(e), liberal (O.F. large)
Larges, bounty, liberty: at his larges, to the full, VII. 378
Lasair, Lasare, Laser, Laseir, leisure
Lat, s., let, hindrance, XII. 516
Lat, v., let
Lat, Layt, adj., late
Late, s., manner, behaviour, VII. 127 (O.N. læte, manners)
Lauchand, laughing
Laute, Lawte, Leawte, loyalty, truth (O.F. leaute)
Law, Lawch, low: compar., Lawer
Lawchtane, dull coloured, dark (Gaelic lachdunn = Irish lachtna,
N.E.D.), XIX. 672
Lawit, v., lowered
Layd-men, s., “load-men,” the men in charge of the pack-
horses, VIII. 466
Lechis, doctors
Lechyng, s., healing
Leddir, a ladder
Lege, full, free: in lege poustè, “in health and full possession of
one’s faculties” (N.E.D.), V. 165
Leif, v. and s., leave: but leif, without leave, XVII. 863
Leis, v., lose;
p.t. and p.p., Lesit (A.S. lēosan, to lose)
Leit, think, consider (A.S. lǣtan)
Leit, v., let, XVII. 850. See Lat
Lele, Leile, Leyle, adj., leal, faithful;
 also adv., Lely, Lelely, Lelyly
Lendit. See Leynd
Lenteryne, Lent, the spring
Lenye, “lean”
Lesing. s., lying (A.S. lēasung, falsehood)
Lesit, Lessit, Lesyt, v., lost
Lest, List, imper. v., it pleases, VII. 314 (A.S. lystan, to please)
Let, Letting, s., hindrance;
adv. Letless, without hindrance XVI. 568
Let, v., to hinder, allay, prevent;
p.t., Letit, Lettyt
Leve, to leave, to remain
Levir, rather
Levit, Levit: war levit of, had taken their leave of, XX. 577
Leyme, flame, XI. 191 (A.S. lēoma, a ray of light)
Leynd, to remain, wait
Leysch, leash
Libbard, leopard
Licht, Lycht, light
Lichtit, v., p.t., alighted
Lift, s., sky, XVI. 692 (A.S. lyft, air)
Lik, v., to please
Lisnyt, v., p.t., listened
Losengeour, a traitor, IV. 108 (O.F., losengier, a flatterer, a
traitor)
Lovit, v., p.t. and p.p., praised;
and s., Loving, praise
Low, flame
Lownyt, sheltered, XV. 276;
v., Lown, to become calm, to shelter (N.E. and Scots)
Lowp, v., to leap
Lows, v., to loose;
p.p., Lowsyt
Lowtit, Lowtyt, bowed before or to
Luff, s. and v., love
Lufre, “livery,” gift (O.F. livrée; Anglo-Fr. liveré)
Lurdane, s., rascal (O.F. lourdin, a heavy [lourd], i.e., stupid
fellow)
Lusumly, “lovesomely,” pleasantly
Lychtyt, v., p.t. and p.p., lightened
Lyknyt, v., p.p., likened, compared
Lyng, a line
Lynyng, linen, XIII. 422
Lypnyng, s., trust

Ma, v., to make;

pres., Mais, Mays
Ma, May, adj., more. Comp. Ma(i)r, Ma([i.])st
Magre, s., ill-will, XVII. 60 (O.F. mal grè, ill-will);
also as prep., in spite of: magre his, in spite of him;
magre thairis, in spite of them
Maill-eiss, Male-ess, disease (F. mal aise)
Maistri, s., “mastery,” strength
Maistris, arts, XIX. 182
Man, v., must, VII. 137;
also Mon
Manauce, Mannasyng, s., “menace,” threatening
Manausyt, Mannausit, v., p.t., menaced
Mandment, commandment
Manhede, Manheid, “manhood,” valour
Mankynd, s., manliness, IV. 530
Manrent, homage
Manteme, Ma(y)nteym, maintain
Marcheand, pr. p., “marching with,” bordering. See next
Marchis, marches, borders (A.S. mearc, a boundary)
Marras, morass
Martirdome, slaughter
Martymes, Martinmas (Nov. 11)
Mas, s., plur. maces
Mastrice, mastery, superiority;
“masterly” skill, VI. 566 (O.F. maistrise)
Mastry, “mastery,” skill;
 force, VII. 354 (O.F. maistrie, skill)
Mate, dull, dispirited (O.F. mat, dull)
Maturite, s., deliberation XI, 583
Maucht, might
Mavite, wickedness, guile (O.F. mauvitie for malvaistié)
Mawch, kinsman, especially, as here, by marriage, XV. 274 (A.S.
maeg)
Mayn(e), s., “moan,” lamentation
Mekill, much, large (A.S. micel)
Melland, v., pr. p., mixing (O.F. meller, to mix);
p.p., Mellit
Melle (two syllables), a mixture, whence, a battle, etc.
Mellyng, Mellyne, s., encounter;
mixture, V. 406
Menand, v., moaning (A.S. mǣnan);
p.t. Menit, Menyt
Mengit, v., p.t., mixed (A.S. mengian)
Menyhe, Mengne, host, company
Menounys, “minnows,” small fish
Mensk, honour, dignity (O.N. mennska, humanity)
Menskfully, honourably
Menyng, s., lamentation
Menyng, s., remembrance, IV. 326. See Meyn
Menys, think, XII. 269 (A.S. mǣnan, to think on). See Meyn
Merdale, camp-followers, IX. 249
Merk-schot, XII. 33. See note
Mesour, Mesur, s., “measure,” moderation: our mesur, beyond
measure;
at all mesure, in every proportion, X. 281
Mesurabill, adj., moderate
Meyn, v., to think of, be mindful of;
mention, X. 736
Meyne, v., to moan, lament, XV. 237
Misteir, Mister, trade, craft (O.F. mestier; F. métier)
Mister, Myster, need (as above);
also v., Mysteir, be necessary, XVII. 215;
adj., needful
Mocht, Moucht, v., might
Mody, adj. See Mude, Mudy
Mon, v., must
Mone, to remember, bear in mind (O.N. muna, to remember)
Mony, many
Monyst, admonished, XII. 379
Mot, v., may be, IV. 26
Mow, a heap of corn, IV. 117
Mowence, mutation, change, I. 134 (O.F. muance)
Mubill, “movable” property, V. 275 (F. meuble, furniture)
Mude, mood, XX. 203;
 courage, XIX. 622 (A.S. mōd);
adj., Mudy
Murnyn(g), s., mourning
Muryt, blocked up, IV. 164 (F. mur, a wall)
Mut, make mention, XIII. 60
Mycht, s., might: at thar mychtis, as much as they could, III.
190;
that all mychtis may, that is able to do all things, III. 366
Mydlike, adv., moderately, III. 71
Mydwart, s., midway, III. 682
Myrk, Merk, dark;
s., Myrknes, darkness
Myschieff, misfortune, danger, loss;
evil fate, XIX. 71 (O.F. meschief)
Mystrowing, suspicion;
v., Mystrowit, suspected, X. 327
Myt, s., “mite,” a bit

Na, adj., no;

conj., nor: na thay war, but they were, V. 372;
na (ne) war, were it not
Nakit, adj., naked, bare, XIII. 459;
generally, however = without armour on
Nakyn, of no kind: nakyn wis, in no wise
Namly, especially
Nanys, For the, for the nonce, X. 58
Nave, fist;
pl., Nevis, Nevys
Navyn, s., shipping, III. 393
Nedlyngis, adj., necessarily
Neid-way, adv., of necessity
Neist, Neyst, nearest, next
Neuth, prep., beneath
Nevo, nephew
Newlyngis, adv., newly
Nigramansy, s., necromancy, IV. 747
Noblay, nobility
Nocht, not
Nocht-for-the, adv., nevertheless
Nouthir, conj., neither;
adv., not, VI. 522
Novelreis, novelties, XIX. 394
Noy, annoy, hurt (O.F. nuire, to injure)
Noyn(e), noon
Noyus, disagreeable, XIX. 742
Nynt, ninth
Nysste, “nicety,” folly
Nychtbur, Nychtbour, s., neighbour
Nygramansour, necromancer, IV. 242
Nyt, v., p.t., denied, I. 52 (O.F. noier, neier, to deny)

Obeiss, to obey;
pr. p. as adj., Obeysand
Oblesteris, “arblasteris,” crossbow-men, XVII. 236
Occisioune, slaughter, XIV. 220
Ocht, aught, III. 282
Off lyve, alive, I. 293
Of-new, anew
Oftsis, often (“oftsithes,” oft-times, A.S. sīth, a time)
Oftymis, adv., oft-times
On-ane, anon, immediately
Ony, adj., any
Oost, Ost, host, army
Otow, prep., beyond
Oucht, Owcht, adv., at all;
very, XV. 428
Ouirmair, Owyr-mar, farther away
Our, prep., over
Our, Owyr, adv., too, very;
over, across;
also in compounds: e.g., Our-drawyn, etc.
Ourdriff, “drive over,” survive
Our-ga, “go over,” overcome
Our-hy, v., “hie or hasten over,” overtake
Ourta(k), overtake;
manage, VIII. 190;
cover, XI. 125;
p.p. Ourtane, “done for,” condemned, XIX. 55
Ourthwort, adv., “overthwart,” beyond on each side
Ourtummyllit, “over-tumbled,” upset
Outane, Outtak, Outaken, Outakin, besides, except
Out-our, prep., across, beyond, over
Outraying, s., harm, injury, XVIII. 182
Owk, week (still an Aberdeenshire word)
Owth, prep. and adv., above, outside;
beyond, XIV. 352.
Oysis, v., uses, are used;
p.t. and p.p., Oysit (O.F. user, to be in the habit);
Oys, s., use

Pailyhownys, Palyheonis, etc., pavilions, tents

Panch, s., paunch
Par, for (O.F. par): e.g., par cheryte, for charity
Parage, rank, lineage, I. 102, 276
Paramouris, adv., as a mistress
Paske (in comps), Pasche, Easter
Pautener, adj., low, rascally (O.F. pautonier, vagabond)
Peill, a fort with stockade and ditch. O.F. pel; Late Lat. pelum
(acc.), a stake, X. 137
Peir, v., to equal, match
Pennystane, a flat stone used as a quoit, XIII. 581 (E and H,
see note)
Percas, adv., by chance (O.F. per cas)
Perde = par dieu (F.), an expletive, truly, etc. See next
Perfay, “by my faith,” truly (O.F. per fei, by my faith)
Perfornyst, performed, XII. 61 (O.F. parformir)
Perquer, by heart, thoroughly (O.F. per quer (cuer), by heart)
Peth, path, pass
Petwisly, Pitwysly, piteously
Pik, s., pitch, XVII. 611
Planer, full, I. 624
Play, s., pleasure, V. 73;
tricks, XIX. 364
Plenyhe, v., to complain
Plewch, plough
Pollis, pools, XII. 395, 404
Portrait, v., p.p., painted, X. 743;
formed, shaped, X. 281
Pouerale, “poor-folk,” camp-followers (O.F. pouraille, poor folk)
Poustè, Powstè, power;
for lege poustè, see Lege
Poynt, s., moment, opportunity;
feat of arms, in poynt of weir, XVI. 492, and alone, XVI. 499;
at poynt, in good condition, favourable, III. 702;
in sic poynt, in such array, XII. 93;
into sic point, at such a “point” or crisis, IV. 331
Pray, v., to prey;
also s., with plur. Prayis
Preif, v., to prove;
p.t., Previt
Presand, s., present: in or intill presand, as a present
Prek, Prik, v., prick, wound, spur; Prikand, riding
Prevate, s., “privity,” privacy, secrecy; secret design, X. 161
Pris, Prys, v., to prize, esteem, praise
Proplexite, s., perplexity
Pryme, prime (six o’clock), the first of the “canonical hours”
Pundelan, hero, warrior
Punsoune, a dagger
Punyhe, a skirmish
Pupill, people
Purchas, v., to get, procure (O.F. porchacier, pourchacier, to
follow, to procure)
Purchas, s., effort;
contrivance, plot, XIX. 12
Purvians, “purveyance,” provisions, IV. 397
Pusoune, s., poison
Put againe, push back, repulse
Pyne, pain, suffering, distress (A.S. pin, pining, suffering)

Queyr, choir, XX. 293

Quhar, where;
also in compounds, Quharfor, Quhar-throuch, etc.
Quhedirand, whizzing or roaring. XVII. 684
Quheill, s., wheel
Quhestling, Quhistlyng, s., “whistling,” baying (of a dog), VI. 94,
87
Quhet, s., wheat, V. 398
Quheyn(e), adj., “wheen,” few;
also Quhoyn;
comp. Quhenar
Quhilum, “whilom,” once
Quhyne, whence, VII. 240
Quod, v., “quoth,” said, XVIII. 57
Quyntis, s., “quaint” devices or decorations on the armour or on
flags, XI. 194; XIII. 183
Quytly, securely, X. 548;
freely, completely
Quyrbolle, leather hardened by heating, etc., XII. 22.
See note

Rad, adj., frightened, afraid

Radness, fear
Raid, v., p.t., rode
Rair, Rar, v., to roar
Rais, Rase, s., “race,” strong current
Rais, v., p.t., rose
Raith, Rath, soon
Rakit, v., p.t., moved with speed (A.S. racian)
Randoun, s., onrush, force (O.F. randon, force)
Rangale, Rangald, Rangall, rabble
Range: on range “in rank,” in “Indian file,” X. 379
Rangit, v., p.p., ranged, ranked, XI. 431
Ranyt, v., p.t., rained
Rath, adv., soon
Ratret, Retret, retreat
Raucht, v., p.t., reached, dealt.
See Reik
Raw, s., row
Realtè, Reawtè, royalty, kingdom
Rebaldaill, Rybbaldaill, rabble;
also Rebaldis, rogues
Rebelland, pr. p., as adj., “rebelling,” rebellious
Rebours, at, in great dislike
Reboytit, Rebutyt, repulsed;
also Reboyting, s., repulse (A.F. reboter: O.F. rebouter)
Reconsalit, v., pp., reconciled
Recour, recovery, II. 543
Recryand, recreant, cowardly
Red(e), Reid, s., counsel;
tane to red, come to the conclusion, taken the advice, XII.
389, XVII. 267 (A.S. rǣd, counsel)
Red(e), v., to advise
Red, v., save, IV. 132, XIX. 677
Redyit, v., p.t., got ready, IX. 171
Refe, Reve, v., to take away;
p.t., Reft;
p.p., Revede, reft, V. 12
Refrenyhe, v., to refrain
Regnyt, reigned, XIII. 698
Reif, s., plunder (A.S. rēaf)
Reik, v., reach, XVII. 419;
p.t., Raucht
Reik, Reyk, s., smoke
Releif, s., payment on taking possession of a property, XII. 320
Releyit, p.p., provided with a fresh supply, IV. 456
Relit, Relyt, v., p.t. reeled
Rely, v., to rally;
p.t., Releyt;
p.p., Releit
Renconfort, v., to encourage
Rengye, Renyhe, Reynye, rein
Renk, “rink,” space, II. 365. See note
Renyit, v., p.p., denied (O.F. renier, to deny)
Renyhe, Reynye, s., rein
Repair, s., dwelling, haunt, place of meeting or retreat
Repreif, s., reproof
Reprief, v., to reprove
Rerit, v., p.t., reared
Rescours, rescue (O.F. rescos, rescousse, succour)
Reset, refuge (O.F. recet, place of refuge);
also v., p.p., Resettit, received
Revede. See Reve
Rewis, streets (F. rue)
Riall, Ryoll, adj., royal;
s., Rialtè, royalty, royal power
Richtwisness, righteousness, adj., Rychtwis;
adv., Rychtiously
Rif, v., rive
Rik, kingdom (A.S. rīce, a kingdom, sovereignty)
Rocht, Roucht, v., p.t. See Raucht
Rod, s., road, path
Roucht, v., p.t., I should not reck or care, VII. 24 (A.S. rēcan,
rōhte)
Routit, snored, V. 632
Rownand, Rowning, pr. p., whispering, XII. 360;
as s., Rownyng, XII. 368
Rowt, Rout, s., a blow;
also Rowt, s., a company, troop
Roydly, Ruydly, rudely, fiercely
Rude-evyn, s., Eve of the Exaltation of the Rood or Cross, XVII.
634
Rusche, to rush, drive back, overthrow, repulse;
also Rus, XII. 527;
p.t., Ruschit, Rouschit
Rybbaldy, s., dissipation, I. 341
Ryde, adj., severe, XII. 557
Ryg, ridge
Rymmyll, s., blow
Ryng, v., to reign. See on Language
Ryoll, adj., royal, XIII. 30
Ryot, v., in ryot to, made “riot” in, ravaged
Ryth, adv., “right,” utterly, I. 194
Sa, so
Sa yhe, say ye, VII. 258
Sad, steadfast, XII. 134. See next
Sadly, firmly, compactly, steadfastly, XIII. 374, 494, XVII. 576
(Mid. E. sad = firm, etc., as in Chaucer)
Sair, Sayr, sorely: by sair, pay for dearly, XVIII. 514
Sakless, innocent
Salit, v., p.t., sailed;
pr. p., Saland
Sall, shall
Sals, sauce, III. 540
Salt, s., assault;
also Sawt
Salusit, saluted, IV. 509
Sam(m)yn, adv., together
Sam(m)yn, adj., same
Sanct, s., saint;
v., p.p., sainted
Sanyt. See Sayn
Sar, Sayr, sorely
Sarraly, close together;
also adj. and adv., Sarray, close, closely
Sary, sorry
Saucht, v., p.p., reconciled, X. 300 (cf. A.S. saht, peace)
Sauf, Sawff, v., to save
Saufly, safely
Sauftè, Savitè, safety
Savourit, scented, XVI. 70
Sawin, v., p.p., sown, IV. 685
Sawt, s., assault: also Salt
Sayn, v., s., bless;
p.t., Sanyt (O.F. seignier, to bless with the sign of the cross;
Lat. signare)
Saynd, a message, V. 196 (A.S. sand, a sending)
Scaffatis, scaffolds
Scaill, s., a scattered company, men in loose order
Scale, Scaill, v., to scatter, separate;
p.t. Scalit;
p.p. Scalit;
also Skalyt
Scarsly, scarcely
Scath, s., harm: also v., to harm
Scathfull, Scathless, harmfull, unharmed
Schar, Schair, Schare, cut, carved;
p.t. of Scher
Schavalduris, vagrants, V. 205. See note
Schaw, v., show;
p.t. Schew, X. 161, or Schawit
Schaw, s., thicket, grove
Schawdest, adj., super., shallowest, IX. 354
Sched, clove, divided
Schent, v., p.p., shamed
Scher, v., to shear, cut up
Schiltrum, a close-packed body of men: so in E;
C has childrome (A.S. scild, a shield, truma, a troop)
Schipfar, s., a journey in a ship
Schir, s., sir
Schire, adj., bright;
also adv., Schyre (A.S. scīr, bright)
Scho, pron., she
Schoir, Schore, adj., sheer, steep
Schonand, shunning, V. 201
Schop, v., prepare;
more usual Schap, XVI. 573
Schore, adj., “sheer,” steep
Schoyne, “shoon,” shoes, II. 510
Schoyr, loud threats (cf. Withoutin outher bray, or bost, or
schore.—King Hart)
Schup(e), “shaped,” purposed, attempted;
p.t. of Schap
Schynand, v., pr. p., shining
Scowking, s., “skulking,” cowardice
Scowryt, v., p.p., scoured
Scrymmyng, s., skirmishing, XIX. 521 (O.F. escrimer, to fence)
Se, v., to see, watch over
Segis, seats (F. siege, a seat): astrological term as “mansions”
Seik, adj., sick
Seir, Ser, various, separate
Sekir, safe, sure, firm, steadfast
Sekirly, Sekyrly, certainly
Sekirnis, security, certainty
Sekkis, s., sacks
Sembland, “semblance,” show
Semble, s., assembly, body of men, II. 380
Sen, since
Send, v., p.t. of Send;
p.p., Send, Sent
Sent, s., scent
Sentens, meaning, IV. 260
Senyhory, Senyhoury, sovereignty, lordship, rule
Sermonyng, s., speech, explanation, IV. 278
Sesand, v., pr. p., seizing
Sesing, s., possession, VI. 496
Setis, snares, III. 479
Seyle, s., good, I. 303 (A.S. sǣl). Cf. adj. Sely (silly) (A.S. sǣlig)
Schawis, v., shows
Shraf, v., p.t., shrived, XI. 377
Sib, related, kin
Sib-man, relative
Sic, Sik, such
Sich, v., to sigh
Sith, Syth, times, unaltered plur;
also Sis, Sythis (A.S. sīth, a time).
See Grammar
Skaith, scath, hurt, injury. See Scath
Skalyt. See Scalit
Skill, reason
Skunnyrrit, v., p.t., avoided in dislike
Sla, v., slay;
pr. p., Slayand
Slaid, v., slid
Slak, s., a hollow
Sle, sly, crafty, skilled. Cf. Slear, Sleast;
adv., Slely
Sleuch, v., p.t., slew
Sleuth, slot, track (O.N. sloth, a track)
Slew, v., p.t., struck in slew fyre (A.S. slean, to strike)
Slike, Slyk, mud, slime. For first Skeat gives “slick,” rapidly (?),
VI. 78
Slop, a gap, opening;
pl., Sloppis.
Cf. slaps and stiles in “Tam o’ Shanter”
Smat, v., p.t., smote
Snell, biting, sharp, severe (A.S. snell, quick, sharp)
Snuk(e), a promontory, I. 188 IV 556
Socht, Soucht, v., p.t., sought
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