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Python High Performance Programming 1st Edition
Gabriele Lanaro Digital Instant Download
Author(s): Gabriele Lanaro
ISBN(s): 9781783288458, 1783288450
Edition: 1
File Details: PDF, 1.91 MB
Year: 2013
Language: english
Table of Contents
Python High Performance Programming
Credits
About the Author
About the Reviewers
www.PacktPub.com
Support files, eBooks, discount offers and more
Why Subscribe?
Free Access for Packt account holders
Preface
What this book covers
What you need for this book
Who this book is for
Conventions
Reader feedback
Customer support
Downloading the example code
Errata
Piracy
Questions
1. Benchmarking and Profiling
Designing your application
Writing tests and benchmarks
Timing your benchmark
Finding bottlenecks with cProfile
Profile line by line with line_profiler
Optimizing our code
The dis module
Profiling memory usage with memory_profiler
Performance tuning tips for pure Python code
Summary
2. Fast Array Operations with NumPy
Getting started with NumPy
Creating arrays
 Accessing arrays
Broadcasting
Mathematical operations
Calculating the Norm
Rewriting the particle simulator in NumPy
Reaching optimal performance with numexpr
Summary
3. C Performance with Cython
Compiling Cython extensions
Adding static types
Variables
Functions
Classes
Sharing declarations
Working with arrays
C arrays and pointers
NumPy arrays
Typed memoryviews
Particle simulator in Cython
Profiling Cython
Summary
4. Parallel Processing
Introduction to parallel programming
The multiprocessing module
The Process and Pool classes
Monte Carlo approximation of pi
Synchronization and locks
IPython parallel
Direct interface
Task-based interface
Parallel Cython with OpenMP
Summary
Index
Python High Performance
Programming
Python High Performance
Programming
Copyright © 2013 Packt Publishing

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First published: December 2013

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Cover Image by Gagandeep Sharma (<er.gagansharma@gmail.com>)

Credits
Author

Gabriele Lanaro

Reviewers

Daniel Arbuckle

Mike Driscoll

Albert Lukaszewski

Acquisition Editors

Owen Roberts

Harsha Bharwani

Commissioning Editor

Shaon Basu

Technical Editors

Akashdeep Kundu

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Project Coordinator

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Proofreader

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Indexer

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Production Coordinators

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Cover Work

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About the Author
Gabriele Lanaro is a PhD student in Chemistry at the University of
British Columbia, in the field of Molecular Simulation. He writes high
performance Python code to analyze chemical systems in large-
scale simulations. He is the creator of Chemlab—a high performance
visualization software in Python—and emacs-for-python—a
collection of emacs extensions that facilitate working with Python
code in the emacs text editor. This book builds on his experience in
writing scientific Python code for his research and personal projects.

I want to thank my parents for their huge, unconditional love and

support. My gratitude cannot be expressed by words but I hope
that I made them proud of me with this project.

I would also thank the Python community for producing and

maintaining a massive quantity of high-quality resources made
available for free. Their extraordinary supportive and
compassionate attitude really fed my passion for this amazing
technology.

A special thanks goes to Hessam Mehr for reviewing my drafts,

testing the code and providing extremely valuable feedback. I
would also like to thank my roommate Kaveh for being such an
awesome friend and Na for bringing me chocolate bars during
rough times.
About the Reviewers
Dr. Daniel Arbuckle is a published researcher in the fields of
robotics and nanotechnology, as well as a professional Python
programmer. He is the author of Python Testing: Beginner's Guide
from Packt Publishing and one of the authors of Morphogenetic
Engineering from Springer-Verlag.

Mike Driscoll has been programming in Python since Spring 2006.

He enjoys writing about Python on his blog at
http://www.blog.pythonlibrary.org/. Mike also occasionally writes for
the Python Software Foundation, i-Programmer, and Developer
Zone. He enjoys photography and reading a good book. Mike has
also been a technical reviewer for Python 3 Object Oriented
Programming, Python 2.6 Graphics Cookbook, and Tkinter GUI
Application Development Hotshot.

I would like to thank my beautiful wife, Evangeline, for always

supporting me. I would also like to thank friends and family for all
that they do to help me. And I would like to thank Jesus Christ for
saving me.

Albert Lukaszewski is a software consultant and the author of

MySQL for Python. He has programmed computers for nearly 30
years. He specializes in high-performance Python implementations
of network and database services. He has designed and developed
Python solutions for a wide array of industries including media,
mobile, publishing, and cinema. He lives with his family in southeast
Scotland.
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Preface
Python is a programming language renowned for its simplicity,
elegance, and the support of an outstanding community. Thanks to
the impressive amount of high-quality third-party libraries, Python is
used in many domains.

Low-level languages such as C, C++, and Fortran are usually

preferred in performance-critical applications. Programs written in
those languages perform extremely well, but are hard to write and
maintain.

Python is an easier language to deal with and it can be used to

quickly write complex applications. Thanks to its tight integration with
C, Python is able to avoid the performance drop associated with
dynamic languages. You can use blazing fast C extensions for
performance-critical code and retain all the convenience of Python
for the rest of your application.

In this book, you will learn, in a step-by-step method how to find and
speedup the slow parts of your programs using basic and advanced
techniques.

The style of the book is practical; every concept is explained and

illustrated with examples. This book also addresses common
mistakes and teaches how to avoid them. The tools used in this book
are quite popular and battle-tested; you can be sure that they will
stay relevant and well-supported in the future.

This book starts from the basics and builds on them, therefore, I
suggest you to move through the chapters in order.

And don't forget to have fun!

What this book covers
Chapter 1, Benchmarking and Profiling shows you how to find the
parts of your program that need optimization. We will use tools for
different use cases and explain how to analyze and interpret profiling
statistics.

Chapter 2, Fast Array Operations with NumPy is a guide to the

NumPy package. NumPy is a framework for array calculations in
Python. It comes with a clean and concise API, and efficient array
operations.

Chapter 3, C Performance with Cython is a tutorial on Cython: a

language that acts as a bridge between Python and C. Cython can
be used to write code using a superset of the Python syntax and to
compile it to obtain efficient C extensions.

Chapter 4, Parallel Processing is an introduction to parallel

programming. In this chapter, you will learn how parallel
programming is different from serial programming and how to
parallelize simple problems. We will also explain how to use
multiprocessing, IPython.parallel and cython.parallel to write
code for multiple cores.
What you need for this book
This book requires a Python installation. The examples work for both
Python 2.7 and Python 3.3 unless indicated otherwise.

In this book, we will make use of some popular Python packages:

NumPy (Version 1.7.1 or later): This package is downloadable

from the official website
(http://www.scipy.org/scipylib/download.html) and available in
most of the Linux distributions
Cython (Version 0.19.1 or later): Installation instructions are
present in the official website
(http://docs.cython.org/src/quickstart/install.html); notice that you
also need a C compiler, such as GCC (GNU Compiler
Collection), to compile your C extensions
IPython (Version 0.13.2 or later): Installation instructions are
present in the official website (http://ipython.org/install.html)

The book was written and tested on Ubuntu 13.10. The examples
will likely run on Mac OS X with little or no changes.

My suggestion for Windows users is to install the Anaconda Python

distribution (https://store.continuum.io/cshop/anaconda/), which
comes with a complete environment suitable for scientific
programming.

A convenient alternative is to use the free service wakari.io: a cloud-

based Linux and Python environment that includes the required
packages with their tools and utilities. No setup is required.

In Chapter 1, Benchmarking and Profiling, we will use KCachegrind

(http://sourceforge.net/projects/kcachegrind/), which is available for
Linux. KCachegrind has also a port for Windows—QcacheGrind—
which is also installable from source on Mac OS X.
Who this book is for
This book is for intermediate to advanced Python programmers who
develop performance-critical applications. As most of the examples
are taken from scientific applications, the book is a perfect match for
scientists and engineers looking to speed up their numerical codes.

However, the scope of this book is broad and the concepts can be
applied to any domain. Since the book addresses both basic and
advanced topics, it contains useful information for programmers with
different Python proficiency levels.
Conventions
In this book, you will find a number of styles of text that distinguish
between different kinds of information. Here are some examples of
these styles, and an explanation of their meaning.

Code words in text, database table names, folder names, filenames,

file extensions, pathnames, dummy URLs, user input, and Twitter
handles are shown as follows: "The plot function included in
matplotlib can display our particles as points on a Cartesian grid
and the FuncAnimation class can animate the evolution of our
particles over time."

A block of code is set as follows:

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

from matplotlib import animation

def visualize(simulator):

X = [p.x for p in simulator.particles]

Y = [p.y for p in simulator.particles]

When we wish to draw your attention to a particular part of a code

block, the relevant lines or items are set in bold:

In [1]: import purepy

In [2]: %timeit purepy.loop()
100 loops, best of 3: 8.26 ms per loop
In [3]: %timeit purepy.comprehension()
100 loops, best of 3: 5.39 ms per loop
In [4]: %timeit purepy.generator()
100 loops, best of 3: 5.07 ms per loop

Any command-line input or output is written as follows:

$ time python simul.py # Performance Tuned

real 0m0.756s
 user 0m0.714s
sys 0m0.036s

New terms and important words are shown in bold. Words that you
see on the screen, in menus or dialog boxes, for example, appear in
the text like this: "You can navigate to the Call Graph or the Caller
Map tabs by double-clicking on the rectangles."

Note
Warnings or important notes appear in a box like this.

Tip
Tips and tricks appear like this.
Reader feedback
Feedback from our readers is always welcome. Let us know what
you think about this book—what you liked or may have disliked.
Reader feedback is important for us to develop titles that you really
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To send us general feedback, simply send an e-mail to

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Customer support
Now that you are the proud owner of a Packt book, we have a
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Discovering Diverse Content Through
Random Scribd Documents
 There is also noticeable in our communal life, as in American
public life in general, that tendency to self-criticism which often
degenerates into slander—that eternal dissatisfaction with things
accomplished and with present conditions, which implies a sincere
desire to achieve still better results. While this discontent and the
poor opinion which many of us have of the spiritual condition of the
Jews in America are of immense value as incentives to improvement,
it dims the eye of the foreign observer, especially if he comes from a
country where complacency and self-praise are the rule. It may still
be too early to summarize the communal activities of the Jews in
America, or to attempt to indicate how far we have approached the
solution of the most pressing problems. But signs of throbbing life
are visible everywhere, and the interest of the individual Jew in
Jewish affairs is increasing. There is, therefore, every reason to
believe and to hope that the opportunity which is afforded here to
set the Jewish house in order—the best, and perhaps the first, in the
diaspora—will be utilized to its full extent by the future generations
of native American Jews.

We are happy to have no Jewish problem here, in the sense in

which the term is understood in the backward countries of the Old
World. We need not waste a part of our best energies in repelling
attacks from an anti-Semitic press or a Judophobe party, and our
usefulness to ourselves as well as to our neighbors is thereby
enhanced. Members of strange and hostile races and nationalities
get along together in this country much better than anywhere else in
the past or the present time, and their native children emerge from
the “melting pot” united by a patriotism and a desire for improved
conditions and improved relations which characterizes the American.
The secularity of the Government and the diversity of religious
beliefs preclude the spread of the denominational bigotry which is
the real cause of the persecution of the Jews in other countries;
while the liberty and equality which are vouchsafed to every citizen
must themselves be lost before the unfavorable conditions which
prevail elsewhere can confront us here. The Jew can become an
American and at the same time preserve his religious distinctiveness,
which he can lose only by his own negligence or disloyalty. Let us
hope that those who now earnestly work to strengthen and build up
Judaism in America will be successful, and that the fate or Divine
Providence which has preserved us for thousands of years brought
us here to participate under new circumstances in the advancement
to a higher civilization in which the injustices of the older one may
never reappear.
 INDEX.
A
Aaron, Jonas, 76

Aboab, 51

Aboab da Fonseca, Isaac, 38, 39, 40

Aboab, Raphael, 45

Abraham, Noah, 93

Abraham, Pinhas, 61

Abramowitz, Rev. Herman, 384

Abrams family of New Hampshire, 109

Abrams, John, 110

Abrams, William, 110

Abravanel, Don Isaac, 12, 17

Adams, Charles Francis, 225

Adams, Dr., 117

Adee, A. A., 313, 314

Adler, Sergt. Abraham, 163

Adler, Cyrus, 200 (Note), 292, 340, 344, 356, 369, 370, 371, 375

Adler, Dankmar, 151

Adler, Elkan N., 22, 24

Adler, Dr. Felix, 177

Adler, Jacob P., 421

Adler, Rev. Liebman, 151, 155, 208

Adler, Dr. Samuel, 176–77

Adler, Sarah, 421

Adrian. See Hadrian

Agricultural Colonies, 266 ff. (in Canada), 386 (in Argentine), 390

Aguilar, Rabbi Jacob d’, 38, 40

Aguilar, Raphael d’, 38

Alabama, 370, 425

Alamo Monument, 160

Alaska Commercial Co., 157

Albany, N. Y., 175, 253, 426

Album, Rabbi Zebi Simon, 281

Albuquerque, Alphonso d’, 18

Albuquerque, Francisco d’, 18

Alcoran, 23

Aleinikoff, Nicholas, 287

Aleppo, 30

Alexander II., Emperor of Russia, 254

Algeciras, Spain, Conference of, 362

Algiers, Noah as American Consul there, 129

Alliance, N. J., 269

Alperstein, Rabbi Abr. Eliezer, 282, 406

Ambrosius, Moses, 63

American Jewish Committee, 288, 366–72

American Jewish Historical Society, 291

American, Sadie, 296

Amerigo, see Vespucci

Amesbury, Mass., 110

“Am Olam,” 262

Amram, David Werner, 413

Andrade, Salvatore d’, (Note), 65, 67

Andron, S., 376

Anixter, Rabbi Eliezer, 282

Annapolis, Md., Naval Academy of, 333

Anti-Jewish Riots, see “Pogroms”

Apotheker, David, 420

Appel, Major Aaron, 332

Appel, Major Daniel M., 332

“Ararat,” City of Refuge for the Jews on Grand Island, 132

Argentine, 27

Argentine, 387 ff.

Aries, Isaac, 45

Arizona, 370, 425

Arkansas, 328, 370, 425

Aronson, Rabbi Joseph Moses, 406

Arthur, President Chester A., 323, 396

Aryans, 3

Ash, Rabbi Abraham Joseph, 189, 190, 191

Ashinsky, Rabbi Aaron Mordecai, 282

Ashkenazi, Dr. Herbert, 389

Astor, John Jacob, 70

Augusta, Ga., 144

Austria, 331

Autos da fe, 26, 27, 42

Avila, Bishop of, 13

Avilar, Capitein Jacob, 46

B
Bacher, Prof. Wilhelm, 340

Bahia, 34, 35

Baker, E. M., 370

Balatshano, Roumanian Minister, 345

Baltimore, Md., 125 ff., 176, 184, 234, 252, 282, 287, 354, 372, 378,
426

Bamberger, Herman, 152

Bamberger, Leopold, 295

Bamberger, Simon, 140

Barbadoes, 55–57

Baron de Hirsch Fund, 269, 289

Baron de Hirsch Institute, 385

Barondess, Joseph, 299, 371

Barsimson, Jacob, 63 (Note), 66

Basle, Switzerland, 201

Baum, Abba, 190

Bavaria, 243

Bayard, M. L., 269

Bayard, Thomas F., 312

Beaconsfield, Earl of, 227

Beeston, Sir William, Governor of Jamaica, 58

Belasco, David, 399

Belinfante, 60

Belisario, Family, 60

Belleville, Ont., 386

Belmonte, Benvenide, Poetess, 46

Bender, 357

Bender, Canada, 386

Benderly, Dr. S., 372

Bendit, Solomon, 154

Benedict Brothers, 150

Benjamin, Aaron, 93

Benjamin, Abraham, 189

Benjamin, Alfred D., 385

Benjamin, Eugene S., 289

Benjamin, Judah P., 148, 221–28

Benjamin, M. of Surinam, 76

Benjamin, Natalie St. Martin, 222

Benjamin, Philip and Rebeccah de Mendez, 221

Benjamin, Samuel, 383

Benjamin, Rev. Wolf, 107

Bennett, James Gordon, 133

Berenson, Bernhard, 410

Berg, Emanuel M., 155

Berkowitz, Dr. Henry, 295

Berlin, Ont., 386

Bernal, Family, 60

Bernal, physician, 14

Bernays, Consul to Zürich, 205

Bernheim, Isaac W., 370, 371

Bernstein, Bernhard, 422

Bernstein, Herman, 410

Bernstein, Hirsch, 256

Bessarabia, riot of, 344

Bien, Julius, 247

Bijur, Nathan, 289, 369, 371

Bindona, Joseph, 381

Blaine, James G., 311, 398

Blaine, Margaret, 398

Blank, actor, 422

Blaustein, David, 287

Bloch or Block, family of St. Louis, 142

Bloch, H. F., 157

Bloch, Wolf, 142

Block, Eliezer, 142

Block, Rudolph, 410

Bloomfield, Gen. Joseph, 123

Bloomfield, Prof. Maurice, 400

Bloomgarden, Solomon, 418

Blum, Isidor (quoted), 124

Blumenberg, Gen. Leopold, 234, 235

B’nai B’rith, Ind. Order, 247

Boas, Prof. Franz, 410

Bock, Mathias, Governor of Curaçao, 51

Bolivar, Simon, 392

Bolivia, 392

Bories, Rev. H., 157

Borowski, Isidor, 392

Bosquila, Rabbi, 75

Boston, Mass., 252, 282, 287, 362, 378, 426

Bousignac, Capt. Henri de, 228

Bovshoer, T., 418

Brackenridge, Thomas, 125, 126

Braganza, family, owners of Jamaica, 57

Brainin, Reuben, 409, 423

Brandeis, Louis D., 403

Brandford, Canada, 386

Bravo, 60

Bravo, Alexander, 60

Brazil, 17, 29, 34, 396

Breckenridge, Minister to Russia, 313, 314

Brenner, Victor D., 396

Bresler, C. F., 154

Bresler, Louis, 154

Bridgetown, Barbadoes, 57
British American Colonies, naturalizations in, 60

British Columbia, 383

British West Indies, 55

Brittannia, 3

Brodsky, Rabbi H. S., 407

Brooklyn, N. Y., 253

Brounoff, Platon G., 413

Brudno, Ezra S., 410

Brunner, Arnold W., 410

Brussels, Belgium, 366

Bublik, G., 423

Buchanan, President James, 203

Bucharest, 352

Buckingham, Solomon, 138

Buenos Ayres, Argentine, 387 ff.

Buffalo, N. Y., 253, 426

Bukansky, M., 423

Burgos, 15

Burgoyne, General, 382

Burlington, Ia., 153

Bush, David, 108

Bush, Isidor, 198

Bush, Lewis, 90, 108

Bush, Mathias, 76

Bush, Solomon, 90

Butensky, Julius, 396

Butler, Pierce (Note), 222

Buttenwieser, Dr. M., 375

Butzel, Henry M., 370

C
Caballera, Diego, 21

Cahan, Abraham, 299, 410, 422

Calgary, Alberta (Can.), 386

California, 155, 234, 328, 370, 403, 425

Calle, Alphonso de, 14

Campanall, Mordecai, 73

Canada, 84, 380 ff.

Canon Law, 4

Cantors, their temporary prominence, 284

Capelle, Joseph, 109

Caplan, P., 287

Carabajal (Carvalho?), family, 25

Caracas, Venezuela, 392

Cardoze, 51

Cardozo, family, 60

Cardozo, Abraham Nunez, 79

Cardozo, E. A. (quoted), 345

Cardozo, Isaac, 156

Carmel, N. J., 269

Caro, Joseph, 15

Carregal, Rabbi R. H. I., 75

Carrilho, Ishac, 47

Carrilon, Rabbi B. C., of Surinam, 49

Carvalho of California, 155

Carvalho, Isaac, 47

Carvalho, S., 414

Carvalho, Solomon N., 417

Caseras, Henrique de, 45

Caseres, Benjamin de, 55

Caseres, Henry de,55

Cass, Lewis, 204

Cassard, French Commander, 46

Cassel, Selig (Dr. Paulus), 6

Casthunho, Isaac, 37

Castille, 5

Castle, Representative Curtis H., 315

Castro, Abraham de, 40

Castro County, Tex., 161

Castro, Henry, 161

Castroville, Tex., 161

Catholics, 86, 110, 117, 320

Cayenne, 40, 43, 53, 56

Ceuta, North Africa, 11

Chan (Cahn?), S. Joseph, 140

Charitable Institutions, 248–9, 270

Charities, National Conference of Jewish, 428

Charles I., King of Roumania, 344

Charles V., Emperor, 21, 22

Charleston, S. C., 79, 102, 139, 168, 251

Chase, Gov. Salmon P., 194

Chatham, N. B., 386

Chaviz, 51

Chicago, Ill., 150 ff., 177, 249, 252, 272, 281, 282, 287, 372, 378,
403, 425, 426

Chili, 26

Chipman, S. Logan, 312

Chuck, Jerahmel, 190

Church Councils, 4

Cid, Israel Calabi, 45

Cincinnati, O., 137 ff. 175, 244, 378, 426

Cisneros, Cardinal Ximenes de, 21

Civil War, 218 ff.

Claiburn, Ala., 144

Clara, group of colonies, Argentine, 389

Clay, Henry, 200

Clemens, Samuel L. (“Mark Twain”), 398

Clement VII., Pope, 29

Clement VIII., Pope, 26

Cleveland, President Grover, 308, 325, 354, 362

Cleveland, O., 141

Cobral, Pedro Alvarez, 17

Cochin, 18

Coen, Abraham, 39

Cohen, family of Richmond in Baltimore, 125

Cohen, six brothers in the Confederate Army, 229

Cohen, three brothers from Arkansas, 230

Cohen, Emanuel, 370

Cohen, Rev. G. M., 141, 142

Cohen, Rev. Henry (quoted), 161

Cohen, Rev. Hirschel, 385

Cohen, Israel, 190, 191

Cohen, Israel I., 117

Cohen, Jacob, 65

Cohen, Rev. Jacob, 141

Cohen, Jacob, 107

Cohen, Jacob I., 117

Cohen, Jacob I., Jr., 117

Cohen, Jacob J., 125, 127

Cohen, Rev. Jacob Raphael, 106, 382

Cohen, Leib, 190

Cohen, Lewis, 138

Cohen, Max, 154

Cohen, Moses, 79

Cohen, Rabbi, 75

Cohn, Prof. Adolphe, 401

Cohn, Albert, 401

Cohn, Joseph H., 369

Cohn, Miss Katherine M., 398

Cohn, Morris M., 370

Cohn, Nathan, 370

Colorado, 269, 328, 370

Columbia, 392

Columbus, Christopher, 12, 13, 15, 16, 57, 391

Columbus, O., 426

Commons, John R., 299

Cone, Ceasar, 370

Connecticut, 269, 328, 371, 425

Cook, Commander Simon, 333

Cooper, Israel, 284

Corcos, Rev. J. M., 61

Cordoba, Argentine, 389

Cordova, de, family, 60

Cordova, Emanuel de, 381

Cordova, Jacob de, 161

Cordova, Pedro de, 21

Cordoza, Hakam de, 61

Cordozo, J. M., 200

Coro, Venezuela, 392

Coronel, David, Senior, 37

Costa, Abraham da, 79

Costa, Bento da, 45

Costa, David de, 50

Costa, Isaac da, 45, 79

Costa, Joseph da, 63 (note), 65

Costa Rica, 401

Council of Jewish Women, 296

Cousins, Robert G., 361

Coutinho, Henriques, 51

Coutinho, Isaac Jerajo, 56

Cowen, Philip, 417

Cox, Representative Samuel S., 309, 312

Cozens, Isaac, 154

Cozens, Sophie, 154

Craig, Sir John, 382

Cresques, Jafuda (Judah), 11

Cromwell, Oliver, 55

Cruz Alta, Brazil, 392

Cuba, 14, 393

Cufo, see Hucefe

Curaçao, 40, 51, 52–54

Cutler, Harry, 371

D
Dalidansky, J. L., 423

Dallas, Tex., 426

Daly, Judge Charles P. (quoted), 63, 69, 256, 413

Damascus Affair, 194–98

Damrosch, Frank H., 398

Damrosch, Dr. Leopold, 398

Damrosch, Walter J., 398

Daniels, Aaron, 148

Dark Ages, 1

Davenport, Ia., 153

David, Dr. Aaron Hart, 383

David, David, 382, 383

David, Lazarus, 381, 382

Davidson, Israel, 375

Davidson, Joseph, 397

Davidson, Samuel, 142

Davilar, Samuel Uz, 47

Davis, Jefferson, 224

Davis, Mrs. Jefferson, 226

Davitt, Michael, 356

Dawson, Yukon Territory, 386

De Haas, Jacob, 337

Deinard, Ephraim, 302, 408

Delaware, 108, 371, 426

De Leon, David Camden, 162, 230

De Leon, Edwin, 162, 414

Dembitz, Lewis N., 215

Denver, Col., 426

Des Moines, Ia., 153

Detroit, Mich., 154, 252, 426

Deutsch, Prof. Gotthard, 340, 375

De Young, Michael H., 414

Dias, Lewis, 56

Dinkelspiel, Rev. J., 143

District of Columbia, 328, 371, 426

Dittenhoefer, A. J., 216

Dobsevage, A. D., 305

Dohm, Christian Wilhelm v., 49

Dolitzki, M. M., 305, 408, 421

Dongan, Governor, 67

Dungan, Irvine, 312

Dorf, Samuel, 287, 371

Drachman, Dr. Bernard, 371, 407 (note)

Drago, Isaac, 45

Dreyfus Case, 334–5

Dropsie College, 375

Dropsie, Gabriel, 162

Dropsie, Moses A., 375

Dubs, President of Switzerland, 205

Dubuque, Iowa, 153

Ducachet, Dr., 198

Duffield, John, 107

Dutch, 30, 32, 33

Dutch Guiana, see Surinam

Dutch West India Company, 35, 63

Dutch West Indies, 51

Dyer, Isidor, 160

Dyer, Leon, 160, 163

E
East Jersey Bill of Rights, 109

Easton, Pa., 76

Ebron, David, 26

Eckman, Rev. Julius, 157

Edelstadt, David, 418

Edlin, William, 423

Educational Institutions, 248–9, 276

Ehrlich, Arnold B., 408

Einhorn, Dr. David, 175, 178, 203, 208

Einhorn, Dr. Max, 403

Einstein, Lewis, 401

Einstein, Col. Max, 236

Eisenstadt, Ben Zion, 407

Eisenstein, J. D., 189, 192, 406, 408

Elbe, L., 423

Eliassof, H. (quoted), 152, 282

Elkus, Abr. I., 289

Ellinger, Moritz, 295, 417

Ellman, Mischa, 398

Elmira, N. Y., 233

Emanuel, Albert, 159

Emanuel, Rev. Baruch M., 143

Emanuel, Gov. David, 144

England, 137, 139, 227, 381

Englander, Dr. Henry, 375

Enriques, Jacob Joshua Bueno, 58

En-Riquez, Joshua Mordecai, 52

Entin, J., 423

Ephraim, Rabbi, 15

Epstein, Elias, 154

Epstein, Mrs., 422

Erlanger, Abraham L., 399

Erlanger, M. L., 399

Entre Rios, Argentine, 389

Ersch und Gruber’s Encyclopedia, 6

Española, 20

Ethiopia, 3

Ettelson, Baruch, 407

Ettelson, N. B., 259, 409

Etting, Reuben, 125

Etting, Solomon, 107, 124, 125, 127

Evansville, Ind., 152, 252

Evarts, William M., 345

Expulsion from Portugal, 5

Expulsion from Spain, 5, 13

Ezekiel, Jacob (quoted), 117, 194

Ezekiel, Moses Jacob, 395

F
Fairbanks, Charles W., Vice-President, 362

Falk, Joshua, 190, 407

Falmouth, Jamaica, 60

Faquin, Juceff, 11

Faro, Solomon Gabay, 58

Fass, Rev. M., 384

Fassbinder, Rev. Wolf, 141

Fay, Theo. S., 202, 203, 204

Federation of American Zionists, 336

Federations, 379

Feigenbaum, Benjamin, 420

Feinman, Sigmund, 421

Felsenthal, Dr. Bernhard, 152, 177–78, 208

Ferdinand of Aragon, 5, 12

Ferrena, Gaspar Diaz, 37

Fiddletown, Cal., 156

Field, Dr. Henry M., 83 (note)

Fillmore, President Millard, 199

Financiers, 404

Fine, Solomon, 153

Fischel, Harry, 371

Fishberg, Dr. Maurice, 413

Fishkind, 422

Fishman, Jacob, 423

Fishman, William, 371

Fitzgerald, John F., 315

Fleischer, S. S., 289

Flexner, Dr. Simon, 402

Florence, family, 144

Florida, 370, 425

Fogg, George G., 204, 205

Folk, Rev. M., 154

Folsom, Cal., 156

Fonseca, family, 60

Fonseca, Rev. Abraham Lopez de, 53

Fonseca, Alaus de, 45

Fonseca, Fernandez de, 381

Fonseca, Isaac de, 52

Fonseca, Joseph Nunez de, 52

Ford—Committee on Immigration, 324

Foreman, Edwin G., 370

Fornberg, Dr., 423

Foster, John W., 308, 310

Forsyth, John, 196, 197

Fort Wayne, 152

France, 85, 335, 347, 381

Franco, Alexander, 152

Franco, Daniel, 152

Franco, Solomon, 72

Frank, Abraham, 157

Frank, Isaac W., 370

Franklin, Benjamin, 107

Franklin, Prof. Fabian, 402

Franklin, Dr. Leo M., 154

Franklin, Louis, 155

Franks, Abr., 381, 328

Franks, David, 76, 90, 109

Franks, David S., 88, 89

Franks, Isaac, 89

Franks, Jacob, 154

Franks, Jacob S., 382

Fraso, Jacob, 55

Fraternal Organizations, 247–8

Frazon or Frazier, Joseph, 72

Fredric, Harold, 413

Freemasonry, see Masonry

“Free Sons of Benjamin,” 247

“Free Sons of Israel,” 242

Freiberg, J. Walter, 370

Freidus, A. S., 413

Freiman, Meir, 406

French Revolution, The, 116, 122

Frera, David, 63 (note), 65

Friedberg, Albert M. (quoted), 109, 193, 199, 208, 292, 327

Friedenwald, Dr. Aaron, 337

Friedenwald, Dr. Harry, 337, 371

Friedenwald, Dr. Herbert, 299

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