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Beginning Kotlin
Build Applications with
Better Code, Productivity,
and Performance

Ted Hagos
Beginning Kotlin: Build Applications with Better Code, Productivity,
and Performance

Ted Hagos
Makati, Philippines

ISBN-13 (pbk): 978-1-4842-8697-5 ISBN-13 (electronic): 978-1-4842-8698-2

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-8698-2
Copyright © 2023 by Ted Hagos
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or
part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of
illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way,
and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software,
or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed.
Trademarked names, logos, and images may appear in this book. Rather than use a trademark
symbol with every occurrence of a trademarked name, logo, or image we use the names, logos,
and images only in an editorial fashion and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no
intention of infringement of the trademark.
The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if
they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not
they are subject to proprietary rights.
While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of
publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal
responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty,
express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein.
Managing Director, Apress Media LLC: Welmoed Spahr
Acquisitions Editor: Steve Anglin
Development Editor: Laura Berendson
Coordinating Editor: Jill Balzano
Cover designed by eStudioCalamar
Cover image by Akira Hojo on Unsplash (www.unsplash.com)
Distributed to the book trade worldwide by Apress Media, LLC, 1 New York Plaza, New York,
NY 10004, U.S.A. Phone 1-800-SPRINGER, fax (201) 348-4505, e-mail orders-ny@springer-sbm.com,
or visit www.springeronline.com. Apress Media, LLC is a California LLC and the sole member
(owner) is Springer Science + Business Media Finance Inc (SSBM Finance Inc). SSBM Finance Inc is
a Delaware corporation.
For information on translations, please e-mail booktranslations@springernature.com; for
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Apress titles may be purchased in bulk for academic, corporate, or promotional use. eBook
versions and licenses are also available for most titles. For more information, reference our Print
and eBook Bulk Sales web page at http://www.apress.com/bulk-sales.
Any source code or other supplementary material referenced by the author in this book is
available to readers on GitHub (https://github.com/Apress). For more detailed information,
please visit http://www.apress.com/source-code.
Printed on acid-free paper
For Steph and Adrianne; and also, Wayne, Amy, plus Bagel.
Table of Contents
About the Author��xi

About the Technical Reviewer��xiii

Acknowledgments��xv

Introduction��xvii

Chapter 1: Introduction to Kotlin��1

About Kotlin��2
It’s Simple��2
It’s Asynchronous��2
It’s Object-Oriented��3
It’s Functional��4
Ideal for Tests��6
Setup and Configuration of IntelliJ��8
Hardware Requirements��10
On Windows��11
On macOS��12
On Linux��13
Getting a Project Up and Running��14
Key Takeaways��20

v
Table of Contents

Chapter 2: A Quick Tour of Kotlin��21

Program Elements��21
Literals��22
Variables��22
Expressions and Statements��24
Keywords��26
Whitespace��27
Operators��27
Blocks��31
Comments��32
Basic Types��34
Numbers and Literal Constants��34
Characters��36
Booleans��37
Arrays��38
Strings and String Templates��39
Controlling Program Flow��42
Using ifs��43
The when Statement��45
The while Statement��47
for Loops��47
Exception Handling��49
Handling Nulls��50
Key Takeaways��53

Chapter 3: Functions��55
Declaring Functions��56
Single Expression Functions��61
Default Arguments��62

vi
Table of Contents

Named Parameters��63
Variable Number of Arguments��64
Extension Functions��65
Infix Functions��68
Operator Overloading��71
Key Takeaways��74

Chapter 4: Types��77
Interfaces��77
Diamond Problem��79
Invoking Super Behavior��81
Classes��83
Constructors��84
Inheritance��88
Properties��93
Data Classes��98
Visibility Modifiers��102
Inheritance Modifiers��104
Object Declarations��105
Key Takeaways��106

Chapter 5: Higher Order Functions and Lambdas��109

Higher Order Functions��109
Lambda and Anonymous Functions��113
Parameters in Lambda Expressions��115
Closures��118
with and apply��119
Key Takeaways��122

vii
Table of Contents

Chapter 6: Collections��123
Arrays��124
Collections��128
Lists��130
Sets��132
Maps��133
Collections Traversal��135
Filter and Map��137
Key Takeaways��140

Chapter 7: Generics��141
Why Generics��141
Terminologies��143
Using Generics in Functions��144
Using Generics in Classes��147
Variance��149
Reified Generics��154
Key Takeaways��158

Chapter 8: Debugging��159
Errors��159
Runtime and Logic Errors��161
Working the Debugger��161
Set Breakpoints��164
Run the Program in Debug Mode��165
Analyze the Program State��166
Other Uses of the Debugger��176
Changing the Program State��177
Key Takeaways��183

viii
Table of Contents

Chapter 9: Unit Testing��185

Create the First Test��186
Write the Test Body��192
Run the Test��194
Iterate��195
Key Takeaways��199

Chapter 10: Writing Idiomatic Kotlin��201

Null Checks and Safe Casts��202
Data Classes��204
Named and Default Arguments��206
Named Parameters��206
Expressions��208
apply( )��209
Extension Functions��209
Key Takeaways��212

Chapter 11: Creating a Spring Boot Project��213

Spring and Spring Boot��213
The Spring Family��214
Spring Initializr��215
Key Takeaways��224

Index��225

ix
About the Author
Ted Hagos is the CTO and Data Protection Officer of RenditionDigital
International (RDI), a software development company based out of
Dublin. Before he joined RDI, he had various software development
roles and also spent time as a trainer at IBM Advanced Career Education,
Ateneo ITI, and Asia Pacific College. He spent many years in software
development dating back to Turbo C, Clipper, dBase IV, and Visual
Basic. Eventually, he found Java and spent many years working with it.
Nowadays, he’s busy with Kotlin, full-stack JavaScript, Android, and Spring
applications.

xi
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About the Technical Reviewer
Manuel Jordan Elera is an autodidactic
developer and researcher who enjoys learning
new technologies for his own experiments and
creating new integrations. Manuel won the
Springy Award 2013 Community Champion
and Spring Champion. In his little free time,
he reads the Bible and composes music on his
guitar. Manuel is known as dr_pompeii. He
has tech-reviewed numerous books, including
Pro Spring MVC with WebFlux (Apress, 2020),
Pro Spring Boot 2 (Apress, 2019), Rapid Java Persistence and Microservices
(Apress, 2019), Java Language Features (Apress, 2018), Spring Boot 2
Recipes (Apress, 2018), and Java APIs, Extensions and Libraries (Apress,
2018). You can read his detailed tutorials on Spring technologies and
contact him through his blog at www.manueljordanelera.blogspot.com.
You can follow Manuel on his Twitter account, @dr_pompeii.

xiii
Acknowledgments
Thanks to Steve Anglin, Mark Powers, Shonmirin, and Manuel Jordan Elera
for making this book possible.

xv
Introduction
Welcome to Beginning Kotlin.
Kotlin may have (initially) gained popularity as a drop-in replacement
for Java for building Android apps, but it’s ubiquitous now. You can use
it to build web apps—both on the front and back end. Kotlin is quickly
gaining popularity in areas that used to be Java strongholds. If you want to
get a head start on Kotlin, this book is an excellent place to start.

Chapter Overviews
Chapter 1 (Introduction to Kotlin) – Brief introduction to the Kotlin
language. You’ll learn a bit about the language's history and some of its
well-known capabilities. The chapter also walks you through the steps on
how to install Kotlin and get started with a quick project.
Chapter 2 (A Quick Tour of Kotlin) – Discusses the language
elements of Kotlin. You’ll learn the syntax with brisk examples. You’ll know
how to declare strings, variables, and constants. You’ll also learn how to
move around using Kotlin’s control structures for looping, branching, and
exception handling.
Chapter 3 (Functions) – There’s a whole chapter dedicated to
functions because Kotlin’s functions have something new up their sleeves.
It has all the trimmings of a modern language like default and named
parameters, infix functions, and operators, and with Kotlin, we can also
create extension functions. Extension functions let you add behavior to an
existing class without inheriting from it and without changing its source.

xvii
Introduction

Chapter 4 (Types) – This chapter deals with object-oriented topics.

You’ll learn how Kotlin treats interfaces, classes, and access modifiers.
We’ll also learn about the new data classes in Kotlin. It also talks about
object declarations—it’s the replacement for Java’s static keyword.
Chapter 5 (Higher Order Functions and Lambdas) – Now, we go to
Kotlins’s functional programming capabilities. It discusses how to create
and use higher order functions, lambdas, and closures.
Chapter 6 (Collections) – Walks through the classic collection classes
of Java and how to use them in Kotlin.
Chapter 7 (Generics) – Using generics in Kotlin isn’t that much
different from Java. If generics are old hat for you, then most of this chapter
will be a review. But try to read through it still because it talks about reified
generics, which Java doesn’t have.
Chapter 8 (Debugging) – Kotlin has plenty of language improvements
that help us avoid errors. Still, errors are a big part of a programmer’s life.
This chapter walks you through the steps to do a debugging session in
IntelliJ.
Chapter 9 (Unit Testing) – If you’re a fan of unit testing—why
shouldn’t you be?—this is for you. We’ll walk through the steps to write
and run unit tests using JUnit5.
Chapter 10 (Writing Idiomatic Kotlin) – Kotlin was designed to be
very similar to Java, but it also has plenty of features that make it stand out.
This chapter points out those unique Kotlin features and shows examples
of how to use them.
Chapter 11 (Creating a Spring Boot Project) – A quick introduction
to how to create a Spring Boot project using Kotlin.

xviii
Introduction

Source Code and Supplementary Material

All source code used in this book can be downloaded from github.com/
apress/beginning-kotlin, where you will also find the following online-
only extras:
Appendix A (Java Interoperability) – You can use Kotlin classes
from Java codes and vice versa. This chapter explores Java-Kotlin
interoperability.
Appendix B (Building a Microservices App Part 1) – Spring Boot is
an excellent choice for building microservices. This appendix details how
to build a sample microservices project.
Appendix C (Building a Microservices App Part 2) – Continues from
Appendix B.
Appendix D (Cloud Deployment) – It’s the age of cloud-native apps.
This chapter discusses the workflow for bringing Spring Boot apps into
the cloud.

xix
CHAPTER 1

Introduction to Kotlin
Kotlin is a new language that targets the Java platform; its programs run on
the JVM (Java Virtual Machine), which puts it in the company of languages
like Groovy, Scala, Jython, and Clojure, to name a few.
What we’ll cover:

• Overview of the Kotlin language

• How to get Kotlin

• Getting Kotlin running in IntelliJ

Kotlin is from JetBrains, the creators of IntelliJ, PyCharm, WebStorm,

ReSharper, and other great development tools. In 2011, JetBrains unveiled
Kotlin; the following year, they open-sourced Kotlin under the Apache
2 license. At Google I/O 2017, Google announced first-class support for
Kotlin on the Android platform; since then, Kotlin’s ubiquity has spread.
You can use Kotlin for web development (server-side and/or client-side),
desktop development, and of course, mobile development. With Kotlin/
Native in the works (still in beta at the time of writing), you should soon
be able to write Kotlin codes that compile to native code that can run
without a VM. In this book, we will focus on Kotlin for server-side web
development—using Spring Boot.
If you’re wondering where the name Kotlin came from, it’s the name
of an island near St. Petersburg, where most of the Kotlin team is located.
According to Andrey Breslav of JetBrains, Kotlin was named after an island
just like Java was named after the Indonesian island of Java—however, you

© Ted Hagos 2023 1

T. Hagos, Beginning Kotlin, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-8698-2_1
Chapter 1 Introduction to Kotlin

might remember that the history of the Java language contains references
that it was named after the coffee, rather than the island.

About Kotlin
It’s Simple
fun main() {
    val name = "stranger"        // Declare your first variable
    println("Hi, $name!")        // ...and use it!
    print("Current count:")
    for (i in 0..10) {           // Loop over a range
from 0 to 10
        print(" $i")
    }
}

As you can see from the preceding code—which I lifted from https://
kotlinlang.org—we don’t (always) have to write a class. Top-level
functions can run without wrapping them inside classes.

It’s Asynchronous
import kotlinx.coroutines.*

suspend fun main() { // #1

    val start = System.currentTimeMillis()
    coroutineScope {                                // #2
        for (i in 1..10) {
            launch {                                // #3
                delay(3000L - i * 300)              // #4
                log(start, "Countdown: $i")

2
Chapter 1 Introduction to Kotlin

            }
        }
    }
                                                // #5

log(start, "Liftoff!")
}

fun log(start: Long, msg: String) {

    println("$msg " +
            "(on ${Thread.currentThread().name}) " +
            "after ${(System.currentTimeMillis() -
start)/1000F}s")
}

#1 This is a function that can be suspended and resumed later.

#2 This statement creates a scope for starting coroutines.
#3 Start ten concurrent tasks.
#4 Pause the execution.
#5 Execution continues when all coroutines in the scope have finished.

It’s Object-Oriented
abstract class Person(val name: String) {
abstract fun greet()
}

interface FoodConsumer {
fun eat()
fun pay(amount: Int) = println("Delicious! Here's $amount
bucks!")
}

3
Chapter 1 Introduction to Kotlin

class RestaurantCustomer(name: String, val dish: String) :

Person(name), FoodConsumer {
    fun order() = println("$dish, please!")
    override fun eat() = println("*Eats $dish*")
    override fun greet() = println("It's me, $name.")
}

fun main() {
    val sam = RestaurantCustomer("Sam", "Mixed salad")
    sam.greet() // An implementation of an abstract function
    sam.order() // A member function
    sam.eat() // An implementation of an interface function
    sam.pay(10) // A default implementation in an interface
}

Like Java, it’s object-oriented. So, all those long hours you’ve
invested in Java’s OOP and design pattern won’t go to waste. Kotlin classes,
interfaces, and generics look and behave quite a lot like Java’s. This is
definitely a strength because, unlike other JVM languages like Scala, Kotlin
doesn’t look too foreign. It doesn’t alienate Java programmers. Instead, it
allows them to build on their strengths.

It’s Functional
Kotlin is a functional language. Higher order functions are functions that
operate on other functions, either by taking them in as parameters or by
returning them.
In a functional language (like Kotlin), functions are not just a named
collection of statements. You can use them anywhere you might use a
variable. You can pass functions as an argument to other functions, and you
can even return functions from other functions. This way, coding allows for a
different way of abstraction. Functions are treated as first-class citizens.

4
Chapter 1 Introduction to Kotlin

fun main() {
    // Who sent the most messages?
    val frequentSender = messages
        .groupBy(Message::sender)
        .maxByOrNull { (_, messages) -> messages.size }
        ?.key                                              // #1
    println(frequentSender) // [Ma]

// Who are the senders?

    val senders = messages
        .asSequence()                                      // #2
        .filter { it.body.isNotBlank() && !it.isRead }     // #3
        .map(Message::sender)                              // #4
        .distinct()
        .sorted()
        .toList()                                          // #5
    println(senders) // [Adam, Ma]
}

data class Message( // #6

    val sender: String,
    val body: String,
    val isRead: Boolean = false                           // #7
)

val messages = listOf( // #8

    Message("Ma", "Hey! Where are you?"),
    Message("Adam", "Everything going according to plan
today?"),
    Message("Ma", "Please reply. I've lost you!"),
)

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Exploring the Variety of Random
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The Project Gutenberg eBook of Index for
Works of Willis George Emerson
This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States
and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no
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Title: Index for Works of Willis George Emerson

Author: Willis George Emerson

Editor: David Widger

Release date: July 19, 2018 [eBook #57541]

Most recently updated: January 25, 2021

Language: English

Credits: Produced by David Widger

*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK INDEX FOR

WORKS OF WILLIS GEORGE EMERSON ***
INDEX FOR WORKS OF
WILLIS GEORGE EMERSON
By Willis George Emerson
With hyperlinks to all Chapters of the
Individual Ebooks
Compiled by David Widger
CONTENTS
Click on the ## before each title to go directly
to
a linked index of the detailed chapters for any
of the listed ebooks.

Click on the title to open the entire on-line

ebook.

## THE SMOKY GOD

## A VENDETTA OF THE HILLS

## BUELL HAMPTON

## MY PARDNER AND I

## THE TREASURE OF HIDDEN VALLEY

ON SOUND MONEY
TABLES OF CONTENTS OF
VOLUMES

THE SMOKY GOD

By Willis George Emerson
Contents
THE SMOKY GOD

PART ONE. AUTHOR'S FOREWORD

PART TWO. OLAF JANSEN'S STORY
PART THREE. BEYOND THE NORTH WIND
PART FOUR. IN THE UNDER WORLD
PART FIVE. AMONG THE ICE PACKS
PART SIX. CONCLUSION
PART SEVEN. AUTHOR'S AFTERWORD

A VENDETTA OF THE HILLS

By Willis George Emerson

CONTENTS
CHAPTER I—Guadalupe
CHAPTER II—Charmed Lives
CHAPTER III—Feminine Attractions
CHAPTER IV—Back to the Soil
CHAPTER V—At La Siesta
CHAPTER VI—The Quarrel
CHAPTER VII—Old Bandit Days
CHAPTER VIII—A Letter from San Quentin
CHAPTER IX—Tia Teresa
CHAPTER X—The Home of the Recluse
CHAPTER XI—A Rejected Suitor
CHAPTER XII—The Sped Bullet
CHAPTER XIII—Accused
CHAPTER XIV—Entanglements
CHAPTER XV—Behind the Bars
CHAPTER XVI—Pierre Luzon Returns
CHAPTER XVII—The Bitter Bit
CHAPTER XVIII—Elusive Riches
CHAPTER XIX—The Jail Delivery
CHAPTER XX—In the Cavern
CHAPTER XXI—A Debt of Honor
CHAPTER XXII—Underqround Wonders
CHAPTER XXIII—The Unexpected Visitor
CHAPTER XXIV—In a Tight Corner
CHAPTER XXV—Love and Revenge
CHAPTER XXVI—A Date is Fixed
CHAPTER XXVII—Among the Old Oaks
CHAPTER XXVIII—The Prize Winner
CHAPTER XXIX—-The Rendezvous
CHAPTER XXX—Don Manuel Appears
CHAPTER XXXI—Shadows of the Past
CHAPTER XXXII—Forebodings
CHAPTER XXXIII—Old Friends
CHAPTER XXXIV—Heart Searchings
CHAPTER XXXV—At Comanche Point
CHAPTER XXXVI—-Outwitted
CHAPTER XXXVII—The Dawn of Comprehension
CHAPTER XXXVIII—Exit Leach Sharkey
CHAPTER XXXIX—The Fight on the Cliff
CHAPTER XL—Revelation
CHAPTER XLI—Beneath the Precipice
CHAPTER XLII—Wedding Bells

BUELL HAMPTON
By Willis George Emerson

CONTENTS
THEME
BUELL HAMPTON
CHAPTER I.—AT LAKE GENEVA
CHAPTER II.—A CHANCE MEETING
CHAPTER III.—A DECLARATION
CHAPTER IV.—THE DEPARTURE
CHAPTER V.—A FRONTIER BANKER
CHAPTER VI.—MAJOR BUELL HAMPTON
CHAPTER VII.—THE CATTLE KING
CHAPTER VIII.—A COMMITTEE OF FIVE
CHAPTER IX.—AN AFTERNOON DRIVE
CHAPTER X.—HOME OF THE HORTONS
CHAPTER XI.—DADDY’. CONSENT
CHAPTER XII.—KANSAS PROHIBITION
CHAPTER XIII.—MAJOR HAMPTON’. LIBRARY
CHAPTER XIV.—THE SONG
CHAPTER XV.—THE RETRACTION
CHAPTER XVI.—THE OLD VIOLIN
CHAPTER XVII.—LENOX AVONDALE’. ARRIVAL
CHAPTER XVIII.—A LOVE SONG
CHAPTER XIX.—AN INVITATION TO JOIN
CHAPTER XX.—A DINNER AT THE HORTONS
CHAPTER XXI.—THE FOOT-RACE
CHAPTER XXII.—THE ELECTION
CHAPTER XXIII.—A FORGED LETTER
CHAPTER XXIV.—REVERSING THE HIGHER COURTS
CHAPTER XXV.—ALMOST A TRAGEDY
CHAPTER XXVI.—REACHING A DECISION
CHAPTER XXVII.—THE HOT WINDS
CHAPTER XXVIII.—“THY WILL BE DONE”
CHAPTER XXIX.—JACK REDFIELD ARRIVES
CHAPTER XXX.—THE QUARREL
CHAPTER XXXI.—THE PASSING OF LORD AVONDALE
CHAPTER XXXII.—THE SILENCING OF GOSSIP
CHAPTER XXXIII.—A RIDE AMONG SUNFLOWERS
CHAPTER XXXIV.—THE PRAIRIE-FIRE
CHAPTER XXXV.—A BUCKING BRONCO
CHAPTER XXXVI.—A STARTLING REVELATION
CHAPTER XXXVII.—TRYING TO REMEMBER
CHAPTER XXXVIII.—TRUTH STRANGER THAN FICTION
CHAPTER XXXIX.—JUDGE LYNN HAS AN IDEA
CHAPTER XL.—THE CATTLE THIEF CAUGHT
CHAPTER XLI.—A ROSICRUCIAN
CHAPTER XLII.—A NEW-MADE GRAVE
CHAPTER XLIII.—UNDER THE QUIET STARS

MY “PARDNER” AND I
By Willis George Emerson
1894

CONTENTS
PREFACE.
PARTIAL LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
CHAPTER I.—VANCE GILDER.
CHAPTER II.—THE OLD MINER.
CHAPTER III.—THE BANNER FORCE.
CHAPTER IV—A SUPPER PARTY.
CHAPTER V.—AN ODD CHARACTER.
CHAPTER VI—THE TOWN BOOMER.
CHAPTER VII.—A VISIT TO WATERVILLE
CHAPTER VIII.—AT THE MINE
CHAPTER IX.—THE STAGE DRIVER.
CHAPTER X.—PROPERTY HAS GONE UP.
CHAPTER XI.—OWNER OF THE PEACOCK MINE.
CHAPTER XII—TROUT FISHING.
CHAPTER XIII.—THE STAGE RIDE.
CHAPTER XIV.—THE TOWN COMPANY’S MEETING.
CHAPTER XV.—MISS VIRGINIA BONIFIELD.
CHAPTER XVI.—THE OLD COLONEL’S DISAPPOINTMENT.
CHAPTER XVII.—An AWAKENING.
CHAPTER XVIII.—VANCE RETURNS TO WATERVILLE.
CHAPTER XIX.—THE INDIGNATION MEETING
CHAPTER XX.—THE STAGE IS ROBBED.
CHAPTER XXI.—REACHING THE 400 FOOT LEVEL.
CHAPTER XXII.—STARTING THE BOOM.
CHAPTER XXIII.—RUFUS GRIM S AMBITION.
CHAPTER XXIV.—THE GOLDEN MAUSOLEUM.
CHAPTER XXV.—CROSS-CUTTING IN THE MINE.
CHAPTER XXVI.—A STARTLING EDITORIAL.
CHAPTER XXVII.—AT LAST!
THE TREASURE OF HIDDEN
VALLEY
By Willis George Emerson

CONTENTS
THE TREASURE OF HIDDEN VALLEY
CHAPTER I—AT THE PARTING OF THE WAYS
CHAPTER II—A MESSAGE FROM THE GRAVE
CHAPTER III—FINANCIAL WOLVES
CHAPTER IV.—THE COLLEGE WIDOW
CHAPTER V.—WESTWARD HO!
CHAPTER VI.—RODERICK MEETS JIM RANKIN
CHAPTER VII—GETTING ACQUAINTED
CHAPTER VIII.—A PHILOSOPHER AMONG THE MOUNTAINS
CHAPTER IX—THE HIDDEN VALLEY
CHAPTER X.—THE FAIR RIDER OF THE RANGE
CHAPTER XI.—WINTER PASSES
CHAPTER XII—THE MAJOR’S FIND
CHAPTER XIV.—THE EVENING PARTY
CHAPTER XV.—BRONCHO-BUSTING
CHAPTER XVI.—THE MYSTERIOUS TOILERS OF THE NIGHT
CHAPTER XVII—A TROUT FISHING EPISODE
CHAPTER XVIII.—A COUNTRY FAIR ON THE FRONTIER
CHAPTER XIX.—A LETTER FROM THE COLLEGE WIDOW
CHAPTER XX.—THE STORE OF GOLD
CHAPTER XXI.—A WARNING
CHAPTER XXII.—THE TRAGEDY AT JACK CREEK
CHAPTER XXIII.—THE FIGHT ON THE ROAD
CHAPTER XXIV—SUMMER DAYS
CHAPTER XXV.—RUNNING FOR STATE SENATOR
CHAPTER XXVI.—UNEXPECTED POLITICAL HARMONY
CHAPTER XXVII.—THE UPLIFTING OF HUMANITY
CHAPTER XXVIII.—JUSTICE FOR THE WORKERS
CHAPTER XXIX.—SLEIGH BELLS
CHAPTER XXX.—WHITLEY ADAMS BLOWS IN
CHAPTER XXXI.—RODERICK’S DISCOVERY
CHAPTER XXXII.—STAKING THE CLAIMS
CHAPTER XXXIII—THE SNOW SLIDE
CHAPTER XXXIV—THE PASSING OF GRANT JONES
CHAPTER XXXV.—A CALL TO SAN FRANCISCO
CHAPTER XXXVI—IN THE CITY THAT NEVER SLEEPS
CHAPTER XXXVII—RODERICK RESCUES GAIL
CHAPTER XXXVIII—THE SEARCH FOR RODERICK
CHAPTER XXXIX—REUNIONS
CHAPTER XL—BUELL HAMPTON’S GOOD-BY
CHAPTER XLI.—UNDER THE BIG PINE
AFTERWORD
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