MERN Projects for Beginners: Create Five Social

Web Apps Using MongoDB, Express.js, React, and

Node 1st Edition Nabendu Biswas pdf download

https://ebookmeta.com/product/mern-projects-for-beginners-create-
five-social-web-apps-using-mongodb-express-js-react-and-node-1st-
edition-nabendu-biswas/

Download more ebook from https://ebookmeta.com

We believe these products will be a great fit for you. Click
the link to download now, or visit ebookmeta.com
to discover even more!

Beginning React and Firebase: Create Four Beginner-

Friendly Projects Using React and Firebase Nabendu
Biswas

https://ebookmeta.com/product/beginning-react-and-firebase-
create-four-beginner-friendly-projects-using-react-and-firebase-
nabendu-biswas/

Cambridge IGCSE and O Level History Workbook 2C - Depth

Study: the United States, 1919-41 2nd Edition Benjamin
Harrison

https://ebookmeta.com/product/cambridge-igcse-and-o-level-
history-workbook-2c-depth-study-the-united-states-1919-41-2nd-
edition-benjamin-harrison/

Practical GraphQL: Learning Full-Stack GraphQL

Development with Projects 1st Edition Nabendu Biswas

https://ebookmeta.com/product/practical-graphql-learning-full-
stack-graphql-development-with-projects-1st-edition-nabendu-
biswas/

Brother s Best Friend Collection Brother s Best Friend

1 6 1st Edition Sofia T Summers

https://ebookmeta.com/product/brother-s-best-friend-collection-
brother-s-best-friend-1-6-1st-edition-sofia-t-summers/
The Case of the Haunted House Katy Kramer Cozy Mystery
2 A. A. Albright

https://ebookmeta.com/product/the-case-of-the-haunted-house-katy-
kramer-cozy-mystery-2-a-a-albright/

Birds of Western Africa Second Edition Nik Borrow

https://ebookmeta.com/product/birds-of-western-africa-second-
edition-nik-borrow/

German Fighter Aircraft in World War I Design

Construction and Innovation 1st Edition Mark Wilkins

https://ebookmeta.com/product/german-fighter-aircraft-in-world-
war-i-design-construction-and-innovation-1st-edition-mark-
wilkins/

No Way to Die 1st Edition Tony Kent

https://ebookmeta.com/product/no-way-to-die-1st-edition-tony-
kent/

Colton Alpha man I want 1st Edition Fern Fraser

https://ebookmeta.com/product/colton-alpha-man-i-want-1st-
edition-fern-fraser/
Protein Ligand Interactions and Drug Design Flavio
Ballante

https://ebookmeta.com/product/protein-ligand-interactions-and-
drug-design-flavio-ballante/
Nabendu Biswas

MERN Projects for Beginners

Create Five Social Web Apps Using
MongoDB, Express.js, React, and Node
1st ed.
Nabendu Biswas
Bhopal, India

ISBN 978-1-4842-7137-7 e-ISBN 978-1-4842-7138-4

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-7138-4

© Nabendu Biswas 2021

This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively
licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is
concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of
illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in
any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and
retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or
dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed.

The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks,

service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the
absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the
relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general
use.

The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the
advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate
at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the
editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the
material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have
been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional
claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

This Apress imprint is published by the registered company APress

Media, LLC part of Springer Nature.
The registered company address is: 1 New York Plaza, New York, NY
10004, U.S.A.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1:​MERN Deployment Setup
The MERN Stack at a Glance
Firebase Hosting Initial Setup
MongoDB Setup
Creating a New Project
Database User and Network Access
Deploying the Back End to Heroku
Deploying the Front End to Firebase
Install Node.​js and npm
Summary
Chapter 2:​Building a Dating App with MERN
Firebase Hosting Initial Setup
React Basic Setup
Creating a Header Component
Creating the Dating Cards Component
Creating the Swipe Buttons Component
Initial Back-End Setup
MongoDB Setup
Initial Route Setup
Database User and Network Access
MongoDB Schema and Routes
Integrating the Back End with the Front End
Deploying the Back End to Heroku
Deploying the Front End to Firebase
 Summary
Chapter 3:​Building a Short Video App with MERN
Firebase Hosting Initial Setup
React Basic Setup
Creating a Video Component
Creating a Video Footer Component
Creating a Video Sidebar Component
Making Components Dynamic
Initial Back-End Setup
MongoDB Setup
Initial Route Setup
Database User and Network Access
MongoDB Schema and Routes
Integrating the Back End with the Front End
Deploying the Back End to Heroku
Deploying the Front End to Firebase
Summary
Chapter 4:​Building a Messaging App with MERN
Firebase Hosting Initial Setup
React Basic Setup
Creating a Sidebar Component
Creating a Sidebar Chat Component
Creating a Chat Component
Creating a Chat Footer Component
Initial Back-End Setup
MongoDB Setup
 Initial Route Setup
Database User and Network Access
MongoDB Schema and Routes
Configuring Pusher
Adding Pusher to the Back End
Adding Pusher to the Front End
Integrating the Back End with the Front End
Additional Setup
Creating a Login Component
Adding Google Authentication
Using Redux and Context API
Using Redux Data in Other Components
Deploying the Back End to Heroku
Deploying the Front End to Firebase
Summary
Chapter 5:​Building a Photo-Based Social Network with MERN
Firebase Hosting Initial Setup
React Basic Setup
Creating a Header Component
Creating a Post Component
Making Components Dynamic
Firebase Authentication Setup
Creating a Modal for Signup
Sign up with Firebase
Sign in with Firebase
Adding Posts and Images
 Initial Back-End Setup
MongoDB Setup
Initial Route Setup
Database User and Network Access
MongoDB Schema and Routes
Integrating the Back End with the Front End
Configuring Pusher
Adding Pusher to the Back End
Adding Pusher to the Front End
Hiding Secrets
Deploying the Back End to Heroku
Deploying the Front End to Firebase
Summary
Chapter 6:​Build a Popular Social Network with MERN
Firebase Hosting Initial Setup
React Basic Setup
Adding a Styled Component
Creating a Header Component
Creating Sidebar Components
Creating a Feed Component
Adding a Widget
Creating a Messenger Component
Creating a Post Component
Google Authentication Setup
Creating a Login Component
Using Redux and Context API
 Using Redux Data in Other Components
Initial Back End Setup
MongoDB Setup
Initial Route Setup
Database User and Network Access
Storing Images in MongoDB
MongoDB Schema and Routes
Integrating the Back End with the Front End
Configuring Pusher
Adding Pusher to the Back End
Adding Pusher to the Front End
Deploying the Back End to Heroku
Deploying the Front End to Firebase
Deploying the Front End to Firebase
Summary
Index
About the Author
Nabendu Biswas
is a full-stack JavaScript developer who has been working in the IT
industry for the past 16 years. He has worked for some of the world’s
top development firms and investment banks. Nabendu is a tech
blogger who publishes on DEV Community (dev.to), Medium
(medium.com), and The Web Dev(TWD) (thewebdev.tech). He is an all-
around nerd who is passionate about everything JavaScript, React, and
Gatsby. You can find him on Twitter @nabendu82.
About the Technical Reviewer
Alexander Nnakwue
is a self-taught software engineer with experience in back-end and full-
stack engineering. With experience spanning more than four years, he
loves to solve problems at scale. Currently, he is interested in startups,
open source web development, and distributed systems. In his spare
time, Alexander loves watching soccer and listening to all genres of
music.
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to APress Media, LLC, part of Springer
Nature 2021
N. Biswas, MERN Projects for Beginners
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-7138-4_1

1. MERN Deployment Setup

Nabendu Biswas1
(1) Bhopal, India

Welcome to MERN Projects for Beginners, where you learn to build

awesome web apps using the MERN (MongoDB, Express, React,
Node.js) framework. This stack is in high demand in the startup sector
because you can make a fully functional web app using it. A front-end
engineer who knows HTML, CSS, and React can quickly learn Node.js
and MongoDB and build a fully production-ready web app.
In this book, you learn how to host a back end using Node.js code in
Heroku. The front-end site uses React code and Firebase hosting. It is
also hosted through a cloud database called MongoDB Atlas. Most of the
hosting setups are the same in the next five chapters, so it won’t be
repeated in most chapters.

The MERN Stack at a Glance

Before installing Firebase, let’s discuss the basics of the technologies
involved in the MERN stack.
MongoDB is an open source document based on the NoSQL
database. It is different from traditional relational databases that
store data in tables. It stores data in JSON-like documents. It is highly
scalable and performance-oriented and thus suited for modern-day
web apps.
 React is the most popular open source JavaScript library for building
a website’s or web app’s front end or user interface. It is developed
and maintained by Facebook.
Node.js lets developers write server-side code using JavaScript. It
integrates very well with React or Angular at the front end and with
MongoDB for databases.
Express is a framework of Node.js, and through it, you can create API
endpoints, which are the basis of any back-end server-side code.

Firebase Hosting Initial Setup

You need a Google account to work with Firebase. Go to
https://firebase.google.com and click Go to console in the
top-right corner. You must be logged in to your Google account to do so,
as seen in Figure 1-1.

Figure 1-1 Firebase console caption

 Click the Add project link on the page, as seen in Figure 1-2.

Figure 1-2 Add project

On this page, name the project dating-app-mern, and then click the
Continue button, as seen in Figure 1-3. Note that this is just an
installation instruction. You start building the app in the next chapter.
Figure 1-3 App name
On the next page, click the Create project button, as seen in Figure
1-4.
Exploring the Variety of Random
Documents with Different Content
Spaulding, 19 Boston Aug. 16, Aug. 11,
Winfield S. '64 1865,
expiration of
service.
Spiller, James 36 Charlestown July 31, Aug. 16,
W. '61 1864,
expiration of
service.
Stevens, John 31 Melrose July 31, Aug. 16,
E. '61 1864,
expiration of
service.
Stimpson, 38 Boston Jan. 25, Jan. 25,
Jefferson '64 1864,
rejected
recruit.
Stone, Calvin 27 Boston July 31, Feb. 15,
'61 1864, re-
enlistment.
Stone, Calvin 29 Boston Feb. 16, Aug. 11,
'64 1865,
expiration of
service.
Stone, Royal W. 33 Rowe Aug. 30, Jan. 30,
'64 1865,
disability.
Sullivan, Daniel 35 Boston Jan. 30, Transferred
'64 Aug. 27,
1864, to
165th N. Y. V.
Sullivan, Michael 20 Boston July 31, Aug. 16,
H. '61 1864,
expiration of
service.
Sweet, George 21 Agawam July 31, Aug. 16,
D. '61 1864,
expiration of
service.
Sweet, George 34 Taunton Sept. 2, June 11,
W. '64 1865,
expiration of
service.
Tate, James C. 36 Charlestown July 31, Aug. 11,
'61 1864,
expiration of
service.
Tate, John M. 19 Charlestown July 31, Aug. 16,
'61 1864,
expiration of
service.
Tate, Moses F. 47 Charlestown July 31, Died Aug. 10,
'61 1862, New
Orleans, La.
Taylor, John 33 Quincy July 31, May 20,
'61 1863,
disability.
Thayer, 28 Taunton Sept. 2, June 11,
Frederick L. '64 1765,
expiration of
service.
Thomas, David 38 Abington Sept. 6, Transferred
'64 Dec. 23,
1864 to 6th
Battery.
Thompson, Otis 30 Charlestown Nov. 1, Oct. 31,
T. '61 1864,
expiration of
service.
Thompson, 35 Somerville July 31, Aug. 16,
Peter '61 1864,
expiration of
service.
Thibault, Cileste 32 Hadley Jan. 4, Aug. 11,
'64 1865,
expiration of
service.
Thurber, James 18 Swanzey Dec. 14, Aug. 11,
F. '64 1865,
expiration of
service.
Thrasher, Henry 27 Boston July 31, Aug. 16,
A. '61 1864,
expiration.
Tierney, Michael 24 Quincy July 31, Aug. 16,
'61 1864,
expiration.
Tilton, Daniel P. 33 Chelsea Jan. 4, Aug. 11,
'64 1865,
expiration of
service.
Tirrell, David J. 44 Boston July 31, Nov. 1, 1861,
'61 disability.
Tracy, Wayne B. 23 Boston July 31, Aug. 16,
'61 1864,
expiration of
service.
Trundy, Justin 23 Ashby Sept. June 11,
H. 3,'64 1865,
expiration of
service.
Tucker, James 24 Charlestown July 31, Aug. 16,
R. '61 1864,
 expiration of
service.
Vaughn, Samuel 27 Charlestown July 31, Aug. 16,
T. '61 1864,
expiration of
service.
Viles, Daniel F. 21 Waltham Jan. 4, Aug. 11,
'64 1865,
expiration of
service.
Walcott, Aaron 25 Boston July 31, Transferred
F. '61 Dec. 6, 1861
to 3d Battery.
Wallace, 27 Charlestown Sept. 8, Aug. 16,
Alexander '62 1864,
expiration of
service.
Walker, Eugene 27 Brookline Feb. 12, Aug. 11,
C. '64 1865,
expiration of
service.
Walker, John S., 18 Boston Jan. 20, Aug. 11,
Jr. '64 1865,
expiration of
service.
Walsh, Yates 26 Boston Feb. 2, Transferred
'64 to 4th
Battery.
Walton, William 27 Taunton Feb. 17, June 11,
W. '64 1865,
expiration of
service.
Warner, Charles 19 Deerfield Jan. 1, Aug. 11,
J. '64 1865,
 expiration of
service.
Watkey, Edward 23 Boston July 31, Sept. 23,
'61 1861,
disability.
Wheeler, 22 Boston Jan. 4, Aug. 11,
Howard O. '64 1865,
expiration of
service.
Whitmore, 24 Boston July 31, Feb. 15,
Benjamin F. '61 1864, re-
enlistment.
Whitcomb, 28 Somerville Jan. 1, Aug. 11,
Frederick '64 1865,
expiration of
service.
White, Henry J. 22 N. Sept. 5, Transferred
Bridgewater '64 Dec. 23,
1864, to 6th
Battery.
White, John 40 Boston Dec. 6, Aug. 16,
'62 1864,
expiration of
service.
Whitney, John 21 Brookline Feb. 12, Aug. 11,
H. '64 1865,
expiration of
service.
White, Leonard 27 Stoughton July 31, Sept. 10,
N. '61 1861,
disability.
Whittemore, 40 Taunton Sept. 2, June 11,
Peleg B. '64 1865,
 expiration of
service.
White, Thomas 35 Charlestown Sept. Aug. 16,
10, '62 1864,
expiration of
service.
Wield, John 31 Charlestown July 31, Aug. 16,
'61 1864,
expiration of
service.
Wiggins, John 23 Chelsea Jan. 5, Aug. 11,
R. '64 1865,
expiration of
service.
Williams, 25 Chelsea Aug. 5, Aug. 11,
Charles '64 1865,
expiration of
service.
Williams, Enos 21 Taunton Sept. 5, Transferred
L. '64 Dec. 23,
1864, to 13th
Battery.
Wilson, William 25 Colrain Sept. 5, Transferred
H. H. '64 Dec. 23,
1804, to 6th
Battery.
Woodward, Elias 29 Taunton Sept. 5, Transferred
T. '64 Dec. 23,
1864, to 6th
Battery.
Woodward, 34 Taunton Sept. 2, June 11,
Warren '64 1865,
expiration of
service.
Young, Phillip S. 45 Wenham Feb. 29, July 28,
'64 1864,
disability.

Footnotes
1. See Off. Records, Vol. 5, p, 431.

2. See The Mississippi, J. V. Greene.

3. See Lossing's History of the Civil War.

4. Off. Rep., Vol. 15, p. 39.

5. This is evidently incorrect as Captain Nims was in the hospital

and Lieutenant Trull in charge.

6. Putnam's Record of the Rebellion, Vol. 5, p. 307.

7. Off. Rec., Vol. 15, p. 46.

8. See The Mississippi; F. V. Greene.

9. See Off. Record, Vol. 15, Report General Grover.

10. Nineteenth Army Corps, p. 136.

11. See Lossing's History of Civil War.

12. Off. Records, Vol. 26, p. 361.

13. Off. Records, Vol. 26, p. 358.

14. Off. Rec., Vol. 34 p. 451.

15. Off. Rec., Vol. 34 p. 238.

16. Off. Rec. Vol. 34 p. 293.

17. Putman's Record of the Rebellion, Vol. 8.

18. The facts concerning the early history of the Nims family have
been taken from addresses given by Rev. J. L. Seward, D.D.,
Keene, N. H.

Transcriber's Notes:
Missing or obscured punctuation was corrected.
Typographical errors were silently corrected.
*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HISTORY OF THE
SECOND MASSACHUSETTS BATTERY (NIMS' BATTERY) OF LIGHT
ARTILLERY, 1861-1865 ***

Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions

will be renamed.

Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S.

copyright law means that no one owns a United States
copyright in these works, so the Foundation (and you!) can copy
and distribute it in the United States without permission and
without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, set forth in the
General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to copying and
distributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works to protect the
PROJECT GUTENBERG™ concept and trademark. Project
Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if
you charge for an eBook, except by following the terms of the
trademark license, including paying royalties for use of the
Project Gutenberg trademark. If you do not charge anything for
copies of this eBook, complying with the trademark license is
very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose such
as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and
research. Project Gutenberg eBooks may be modified and
printed and given away—you may do practically ANYTHING in
the United States with eBooks not protected by U.S. copyright
law. Redistribution is subject to the trademark license, especially
commercial redistribution.

START: FULL LICENSE

THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE
 PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK

To protect the Project Gutenberg™ mission of promoting the

free distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this
work (or any other work associated in any way with the phrase
“Project Gutenberg”), you agree to comply with all the terms of
the Full Project Gutenberg™ License available with this file or
online at www.gutenberg.org/license.

Section 1. General Terms of Use and

Redistributing Project Gutenberg™
electronic works
1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg™
electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand,
agree to and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual
property (trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree
to abide by all the terms of this agreement, you must cease
using and return or destroy all copies of Project Gutenberg™
electronic works in your possession. If you paid a fee for
obtaining a copy of or access to a Project Gutenberg™
electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the terms
of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or
entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8.

1.B. “Project Gutenberg” is a registered trademark. It may only

be used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by
people who agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement.
There are a few things that you can do with most Project
Gutenberg™ electronic works even without complying with the
full terms of this agreement. See paragraph 1.C below. There
are a lot of things you can do with Project Gutenberg™
electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement and
help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg™
electronic works. See paragraph 1.E below.
1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation (“the
Foundation” or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the
collection of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works. Nearly all the
individual works in the collection are in the public domain in the
United States. If an individual work is unprotected by copyright
law in the United States and you are located in the United
States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from copying,
distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative works
based on the work as long as all references to Project
Gutenberg are removed. Of course, we hope that you will
support the Project Gutenberg™ mission of promoting free
access to electronic works by freely sharing Project Gutenberg™
works in compliance with the terms of this agreement for
keeping the Project Gutenberg™ name associated with the
work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement
by keeping this work in the same format with its attached full
Project Gutenberg™ License when you share it without charge
with others.

1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also
govern what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most
countries are in a constant state of change. If you are outside
the United States, check the laws of your country in addition to
the terms of this agreement before downloading, copying,
displaying, performing, distributing or creating derivative works
based on this work or any other Project Gutenberg™ work. The
Foundation makes no representations concerning the copyright
status of any work in any country other than the United States.

1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project

Gutenberg:

1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other

immediate access to, the full Project Gutenberg™ License must
appear prominently whenever any copy of a Project
Gutenberg™ work (any work on which the phrase “Project
Gutenberg” appears, or with which the phrase “Project
Gutenberg” is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed,
viewed, copied or distributed:

This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United

States and most other parts of the world at no cost and
with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it,
give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project
Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United
States, you will have to check the laws of the country
where you are located before using this eBook.

1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is

derived from texts not protected by U.S. copyright law (does not
contain a notice indicating that it is posted with permission of
the copyright holder), the work can be copied and distributed to
anyone in the United States without paying any fees or charges.
If you are redistributing or providing access to a work with the
phrase “Project Gutenberg” associated with or appearing on the
work, you must comply either with the requirements of
paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use
of the work and the Project Gutenberg™ trademark as set forth
in paragraphs 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.

1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is

posted with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and
distribution must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through
1.E.7 and any additional terms imposed by the copyright holder.
Additional terms will be linked to the Project Gutenberg™
License for all works posted with the permission of the copyright
holder found at the beginning of this work.

1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project

Gutenberg™ License terms from this work, or any files
 containing a part of this work or any other work associated with
Project Gutenberg™.

1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute

this electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without
prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1
with active links or immediate access to the full terms of the
Project Gutenberg™ License.

1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary,
compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form,
including any word processing or hypertext form. However, if
you provide access to or distribute copies of a Project
Gutenberg™ work in a format other than “Plain Vanilla ASCII” or
other format used in the official version posted on the official
Project Gutenberg™ website (www.gutenberg.org), you must,
at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a copy,
a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy
upon request, of the work in its original “Plain Vanilla ASCII” or
other form. Any alternate format must include the full Project
Gutenberg™ License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1.

1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying,

performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg™
works unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.

1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or

providing access to or distributing Project Gutenberg™
electronic works provided that:

• You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive
from the use of Project Gutenberg™ works calculated using the
method you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The
fee is owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark,
but he has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to
the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty
 payments must be paid within 60 days following each date on
which you prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your
periodic tax returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked
as such and sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation at the address specified in Section 4, “Information
about donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation.”

• You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who

notifies you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt
that s/he does not agree to the terms of the full Project
Gutenberg™ License. You must require such a user to return or
destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium
and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of
Project Gutenberg™ works.

• You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of

any money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in
the electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90
days of receipt of the work.

• You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free
distribution of Project Gutenberg™ works.

1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project

Gutenberg™ electronic work or group of works on different
terms than are set forth in this agreement, you must obtain
permission in writing from the Project Gutenberg Literary
Archive Foundation, the manager of the Project Gutenberg™
trademark. Contact the Foundation as set forth in Section 3
below.

1.F.

1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend

considerable effort to identify, do copyright research on,
transcribe and proofread works not protected by U.S. copyright
law in creating the Project Gutenberg™ collection. Despite these
efforts, Project Gutenberg™ electronic works, and the medium
on which they may be stored, may contain “Defects,” such as,
but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or corrupt data,
transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual property
infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a
computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be
read by your equipment.

1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except

for the “Right of Replacement or Refund” described in
paragraph 1.F.3, the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation, the owner of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark,
and any other party distributing a Project Gutenberg™ electronic
work under this agreement, disclaim all liability to you for
damages, costs and expenses, including legal fees. YOU AGREE
THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT
LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT
EXCEPT THOSE PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE
THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY
DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE LIABLE
TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL,
PUNITIVE OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE
NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you

discover a defect in this electronic work within 90 days of
receiving it, you can receive a refund of the money (if any) you
paid for it by sending a written explanation to the person you
received the work from. If you received the work on a physical
medium, you must return the medium with your written
explanation. The person or entity that provided you with the
defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu
of a refund. If you received the work electronically, the person
or entity providing it to you may choose to give you a second
opportunity to receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund.
If the second copy is also defective, you may demand a refund
in writing without further opportunities to fix the problem.

1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set

forth in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you ‘AS-IS’,
WITH NO OTHER WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.

1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied

warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of
damages. If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this
agreement violates the law of the state applicable to this
agreement, the agreement shall be interpreted to make the
maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by the applicable
state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of
this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions.

1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the

Foundation, the trademark owner, any agent or employee of the
Foundation, anyone providing copies of Project Gutenberg™
electronic works in accordance with this agreement, and any
volunteers associated with the production, promotion and
distribution of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works, harmless
from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, that
arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you
do or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project
Gutenberg™ work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or
deletions to any Project Gutenberg™ work, and (c) any Defect
you cause.

Section 2. Information about the Mission

of Project Gutenberg™
Project Gutenberg™ is synonymous with the free distribution of
electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of
computers including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new
computers. It exists because of the efforts of hundreds of
volunteers and donations from people in all walks of life.

Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the

assistance they need are critical to reaching Project
Gutenberg™’s goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg™
collection will remain freely available for generations to come. In
2001, the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was
created to provide a secure and permanent future for Project
Gutenberg™ and future generations. To learn more about the
Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and how your
efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 and the
Foundation information page at www.gutenberg.org.

Section 3. Information about the Project

Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation
The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non-
profit 501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the
laws of the state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status
by the Internal Revenue Service. The Foundation’s EIN or
federal tax identification number is 64-6221541. Contributions
to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation are tax
deductible to the full extent permitted by U.S. federal laws and
your state’s laws.

The Foundation’s business office is located at 809 North 1500

West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887. Email contact
links and up to date contact information can be found at the
Foundation’s website and official page at
www.gutenberg.org/contact
 Section 4. Information about Donations to
the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation
Project Gutenberg™ depends upon and cannot survive without
widespread public support and donations to carry out its mission
of increasing the number of public domain and licensed works
that can be freely distributed in machine-readable form
accessible by the widest array of equipment including outdated
equipment. Many small donations ($1 to $5,000) are particularly
important to maintaining tax exempt status with the IRS.

The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws

regulating charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of
the United States. Compliance requirements are not uniform
and it takes a considerable effort, much paperwork and many
fees to meet and keep up with these requirements. We do not
solicit donations in locations where we have not received written
confirmation of compliance. To SEND DONATIONS or determine
the status of compliance for any particular state visit
www.gutenberg.org/donate.

While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states

where we have not met the solicitation requirements, we know
of no prohibition against accepting unsolicited donations from
donors in such states who approach us with offers to donate.

International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot

make any statements concerning tax treatment of donations
received from outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp
our small staff.

Please check the Project Gutenberg web pages for current

donation methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a
number of other ways including checks, online payments and
credit card donations. To donate, please visit:
www.gutenberg.org/donate.

Section 5. General Information About

Project Gutenberg™ electronic works
Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project
Gutenberg™ concept of a library of electronic works that could
be freely shared with anyone. For forty years, he produced and
distributed Project Gutenberg™ eBooks with only a loose
network of volunteer support.

Project Gutenberg™ eBooks are often created from several

printed editions, all of which are confirmed as not protected by
copyright in the U.S. unless a copyright notice is included. Thus,
we do not necessarily keep eBooks in compliance with any
particular paper edition.

Most people start at our website which has the main PG search
facility: www.gutenberg.org.

This website includes information about Project Gutenberg™,

including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg
Literary Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new
eBooks, and how to subscribe to our email newsletter to hear
about new eBooks.