Constituents and Structure: -Universe,

Galaxy, Light Year, Solar System, Sun, What are Kepler laws related to the motion of planets?
Earth, Astronomical System of Units. What is ‘Black Hole’? How black holes are formed and
discovered?

Process of Nature: - Solar and Lunar What effects are produced by the Rotation and
Eclipses, Rotation and Revolution, Revolution of Earth?Explain briefly. (2025)
Weather Variables (Global Temperature, Discuss various factors which affect the variations in
Pressure, Circulation, Precipitation, the climate of a place.
Humidity) and Weather Variations.

Natural Hazards and Disasters: - Earth What are hurricanes? How are they formed? And what
Quake, Volcanic Eruption, Tsunami, level of damage they can produce?(2025)
Floods, Avalanche, Travelling Cyclone
(Tropical Cyclone, Middle Latitude Explain the difference Middle Latitude Cyclone and
Cyclone and Tornadoes), Drought, Tornadoes.(2024)
Wildfire, Urban Fire. Disaster Risk
Management. What are the types of Earthquake waves?
What is Wildfire? Explain its types, causes, spread and
preventions.

What do you know about Volcanoes? Discuss the

causes and effects of volcanic eruptions.
Differentiate between Middle Latitude Cyclones and
Tornadoes.(2020)

What is a Tornado? How is it formed and what are the

effects of tornadoes? Explain briefly.(2022)
• Energy Resources: - Sources of Energy Differentiate between renewable and non-renewable
(Renewable i.e. LED Energy, Solar sources of energy. Briefly explain wind
Energy, Wind Energy and Non-Renewable energy, solar energy and biofuels. (2022)
Energy conservation and its sustainable
use.

Atomic Structure, Chemical Bonding, Describe Electromagentic radiation. Give its types and
Electromagnetic Radiations. its application.(2025)
What is the difference of Ionic and Covalent bonding?
Give examples. (2024)
 What is radioactivity? What are the types of radiation
Write two applications of each of the following
electromagnetic radiations:
(i) Ultraviolet (ii) Infra-red (iii) Microwaves
(iv) Radio waves (v) X-rays.
Modern Materials/Chemicals: - Ceramics, What are the advantages and disadvantages of nitrogen
Plastics, Semiconductors. Antibiotics, containing fertilizers and insecticide? (2025)
Vaccines, Fertilizers, Pesticides. What is the difference between Plastic and Elastics?
Explain briefly.(2023)
Define ceramic and nano-ceramic materials. Why the
nano-ceramics show better properties than their
ceramic counterparts? Write the applications of
ceramic materials. (2022)
Discuss Vaccination, types of Vaccines, their side-
effects and effectiveness.(2022)

The Basis of Life: - Cell Structures and

Functions (Subcellular Organelles such as
Nucleus, Mitochondria and Ribosomes).

Biomolecules: - Proteins, Lipids,

Carbohydrates and Enzymes

Plant and Animal Kingdom: - A brief Explain how temperature and light intensity affect the
survey of plant and animal kingdom to rate of photosynthesis in plants.(2025)
pinpoint similarities and diversities in
nature. What are the plant nutrition elements? Enumerate
them.
Why the bat and whale are considered as mammals?
How a bacterial cell is different from a plant cell?
What do you think cold-blooded animals are slowed
down by low temperatures?
What are the Fossils? Discuss the importance of
paleontology.(2020)

A Brief Account of Human Physiology. Describe the structure and functions of capillaries in
the human blood circulatory system? (2025)
Discuss the functioning of Liver and Pancreas.
Write a note on liver juice ‘Bile’.
How the urine is formed? Describe the role of kidney in
excretion.
 What is hepatitis, its types, causes, prevention, and
cure?
What do you understand by the DNA and RNA?(2022)
Common Diseases and Epidemics: - Polio, What is hepatitis? Give its types and briefly explain its
Diarrhea, Malaria, Hepatitis, Dengue their common symptoms along with preventions.(2025)
Causes and Prevention. What is tuberculosis and hepatitis? Explain briefly.
(2024)
What is Polio? Discuss its symptoms, causes of
spreading, prevention and vaccine.(2022)
What do you know about Hepatitis? Describe its types
and write down preventive measures.(2020)
New Model Concept of Producing BIO Differentiate between biomass and biogas. Briefly
Fuel Method explain various methods of obtaining energy from
biomass. (2025)

Environment: - The Atmosphere (Layered What is deforestation? State the disadvantages caused
Structure and Composition), Hydrosphere to the environment due to this. (2025)
(Water Cycle, Major Water How the organic particulate matter enters in the
Compartments), Biosphere (Major atmosphere. Also describe the sources?(2020)
Biomes) and Lithosphere (Minerals and Briefly describe the various segments of atmosphere.
Rocks, Rock Types, Plate Tectonics). How these segments are maintaining the Earth
Radiation Balance?(2020)
Atmospheric Pollution: - Types, Sources, What does air pollution means? State ten serious effects
Causes and effects of major air pollutants of air pollution on environment and briefly explain how
(COx, Particulate Matter, NOx, SOx, can they be reduced? (2025)
Tropospheric Ozone, Volatile Organic State some examples of pollution caused by human
Compounds, Dioxins). Regional and activity and discuss the effect of each example (2025)
Global air pollution issues (Acidrain, Explain how water pollution is produced? Describe the
Ozone Depletion, Greenhouse Effect and part played by bacteria after a river has been polluted
Global Warming). International by sewage. (2025)
agreements on air pollution control What is the difference between fog and smog? What
(Montreal Protocol and Kyoto Protocol). are the causes of smog and its effects
on human health? Write short note on any one of the
latest technologies to eliminate smog to
avoid atmospheric pollution.

Discuss the possible negative effects that Pakistan my

face due to Global Warming and
Climate Change. What steps may be helpful to control
the climatic change?
Water Pollution: - Types, sources, causes What are the standards of drinking water? How heavy
and effects of major water pollutants metals in the water effect the quality? (2024)
(Synthetic Organic Chemicals, Oxygen What are longitudinal waves, electromagnetic and
Demanding Wastes, Plant Nutrients, gamma radiations? Discuss them. (2024)
Thermal Pollution, Infectious Agents, Define the term Water Pollution. What indicators are
Sediments, Radioactivity, Heavy Metals used to measure the quality of water?
and Acids). Drinking water quality and Write down the drinking water quality standards.
standards. (2022)
What is Radioactivity? Differentiate between natural
and artificial radioactivity.(2022)
What is natural radioactivity? How it is different from
the artificial radioactivity?(2020)
Land Pollution: - Solid waste management What is Solid Waste? Discuss the main issues of Solid
and disposal. Waste Management in our country?(2022)

Role of Remote Sensing and GIS in What is the role of GIS and Remote Sensing in
Environmental Science. • Population Environmental Science? Discuss briefly.(2024)
Planning.
What do you understand by the term Remote Sensing?
Write its basic principle. Give its
important applications.(2022)

What do you understand by the term Population

Planning? Point out the different benefits of
Population Planning.(2022)
Concept of Balance Diet: - Vitamins, Enlist major food groups based on nutrients, their
Carbohydrates, Protein, Fats and oil, function, and their source. (2025)
Minerals, Fiber. What is the role of carbohydrates and vitamins in the
body? Discuss briefly.
Quality of Food: - Bioavailability of Difference between preservatives and antioxidants ?
Nutrients, Appearance, Texture, Flavor, Discuss briefly with examples.(2024)
Quality of Packed and Frozen Food, Food What are antioxidants and why are they used in foods?
Additives, Preservatives and Antioxidants Write a short note on natural and
synthetic antioxidants.

Food Deterioration and its Control: - Differentiate between adulterants and food
Causes of Food Deterioration, contaminants (2025)
Adulteration, Food Preservation.

Computer (Hardware & Software What is artificial intelligence? And how does it differ
Fundamentals); I/O Processing and data from traditional programming? Describe the main
storage, Networking & Internet Standards, branches of Artificial Intelligence. (2025)
Application and business Software, Social
Media Websites. Information Systems. Difference between hardware and software? Give few
Fundamentals of artificial intelligence. examples
Explain Artificial Intelligence. What do you
understand by the term Robotics?(2022)
Telecommunications: - Basics of Wireless What are the advantages of optical fibres in
Communication (Mobile, Satellite, communication? Draw basic structure of optical fibre
Surveillance and GPS and Fiber Optic etc. and explain propagation of light through it.(2025)
Explain the mechanism for optic fiber cable for signal?
Explain its construction (2024)
Explain the Optical Fiber. Explain how Fiber Optic
Communication works?(2022)
Briefly explain the working and structure of a Cell
Phone.(2022)
What is Open System Interconnections (OSI) and
describe its layers?(2020)
What is GPS? How does it work?(2020)

Quantitative Ability/Reasoning

1. Basic Mathematical Skills.

2.Concepts and ability to reasons

quantitatively and solve problems in a
quantitative setting.
Basic Arithmetic, Algebra and Geometry
(Average, Ratios, Rates,
Percentage,Angles, Triangles, Sets,
Remainders, Equations, Symbols,
Rounding of Numbers (a) In an annual sale, Saima buys a Fridge and a Freezer.
The sale offers 15% off everything and she pays a total of
Rs. (2025)
(b) Mr. Rasheed pays a deposit of Rs. 60,000/- followed by
36 equal monthly payments. The total amount that he pays
is 127% of the basic price of Rs. 3,360,000/-. Calculate
Rasheed’s monthly payment.
(c) Divide Rs. 600/- among A, B, and C so that Rs. 40
more than 2/5 of A’s share, Rs. 20 more than 2/7 of B’s
share, and Rs. 10/- more than 9/17 of C’s share may be
equal.
(d)
4.Random Sampling

Logical Reasoning and Analytical

Reasoning/Ability
Logical Reasoning includes the process of
using a rational, systematic series of
steps based on sound mathematical
procedures and given statements to arrive
at
a conclusion
• Analytical Reasoning/Ability includes
visualizing, articulating and solving both
complex and uncomplicated problems and
concepts and making decisions that
are sensible based on available
information, including demonstration of
the ability
to apply logical thinking to gathering and
analyzing information.
Mental Abilities

PMS

1. Introduction
Nature of Science: Brief History of Science with special reference to contribution of Muslims in
the evolution and development of science. Impact of Science on society
2. The Physical Sciences
(a) Constituents and Structure:- Universe, Galaxy, Solar system, Sun, Earth, Minerals
(b) Processes of Nature:- Solar and Lunar Eclipses; Day and Night and their variation;
(c) Energy :- Sources and resources of Energy, Energy conservation;
(i) Ceramics, Plastics, Semiconductors;
(ii) Radio, Television, Telephones, Camera, Laser, Microscope
(iii) Computers, Satellites;
(iv) Antibiotics, Vaccines, Fertilizers, Pesticides
3. Biological Sciences
(i) The basis of life – the cell, chromosomes, genes, nucleic acids
(ii) The building blocks – proteins, hormones and other nutrients. Concept of balanced diet.
Metabolism
(iii) Survey of Plant and Animal Kingdom – a brief survey of plant and animal kingdom to
pinpoint
similarities and diversities in nature
(iv) The Human body – a brief account of human Physiology and Human behaviour

May Physical Sciences

June

July

August