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HTML_CSS_Viva_Questions_BCA

The document provides a comprehensive list of HTML and CSS viva questions along with their answers, covering fundamental concepts such as HTML structure, tags, CSS styling, and responsive design techniques. It includes explanations of various elements, attributes, and best practices for web development. Additionally, it discusses project experiences and challenges faced during development.

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dashamiss1697
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6 views

HTML_CSS_Viva_Questions_BCA

The document provides a comprehensive list of HTML and CSS viva questions along with their answers, covering fundamental concepts such as HTML structure, tags, CSS styling, and responsive design techniques. It includes explanations of various elements, attributes, and best practices for web development. Additionally, it discusses project experiences and challenges faced during development.

Uploaded by

dashamiss1697
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HTML & CSS Viva Questions with

Answers
1. 1. Q: What is HTML?

A: HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language. It's used to create the structure of
web pages.

2. 2. Q: What are HTML tags?

A: Tags are code elements enclosed in angle brackets <>, used to define HTML elements
like headings, paragraphs, etc.

3. 3. Q: What is the difference between <div> and <span>?

A: <div> is a block-level element; <span> is an inline element.

4. 4. Q: What are semantic HTML elements?

A: Elements like <header>, <footer>, <article> that clearly define their purpose in a
webpage.

5. 5. Q: What is the purpose of the <head> tag?

A: It contains metadata, links to stylesheets, and other information not visible on the
page.

6. 6. Q: What is the function of the <meta> tag?

A: It defines metadata like character encoding, author, viewport settings, etc.

7. 7. Q: What is the difference between <strong> and <b>?

A: <strong> indicates importance; <b> is just visual bolding.

8. 8. Q: What is the <a> tag used for?

A: To create hyperlinks to other pages or locations.

9. 9. Q: How do you open a link in a new tab?

A: Use target="_blank" in the <a> tag.

10. 10. Q: What is the difference between id and class attributes?

A: id is unique per element; class can be reused across multiple elements.


11. 11. Q: What is the use of the <form> tag?

A: It is used to collect user input and submit it to a server.

12. 12. Q: How do you include an image in HTML?

A: Using <img src="path" alt="text">.

13. 13. Q: What is the role of the alt attribute in images?

A: Provides alternative text if the image fails to load and improves accessibility.

14. 14. Q: How do you create a table in HTML?

A: Using <table>, <tr> for rows, <td> for data cells, and <th> for headings.

15. 15. Q: What is the difference between <ol> and <ul>?

A: <ol> creates an ordered (numbered) list; <ul> creates an unordered (bulleted) list.

16. 16. Q: What is a self-closing tag? Give an example.

A: Tags that don’t need a closing tag, e.g., <br>, <hr>, <img>.

17. 17. Q: What is the use of the <iframe> tag?

A: Embeds another webpage within the current page.

18. 18. Q: How do you comment in HTML?

A: <!-- This is a comment -->

19. 19. Q: What is the DOCTYPE declaration?

A: Declares the HTML version. Example: <!DOCTYPE html> for HTML5.

20. 20. Q: What is the difference between HTML and XHTML?

A: XHTML is stricter and XML-based; HTML is more forgiving.

21. 21. Q: What is CSS?

A: Cascading Style Sheets, used to style HTML content.

22. 22. Q: What are the different types of CSS?

A: Inline, Internal, and External.

23. 23. Q: How do you link an external CSS file?

A: Using <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css"> in the <head>.


24. 24. Q: What is the difference between class and id selectors in CSS?

A: .class targets elements with that class; #id targets a specific element with that ID.

25. 25. Q: What is the CSS box model?

A: A model consisting of margins, borders, padding, and content.

26. 26. Q: What is the use of z-index in CSS?

A: Controls the stacking order of overlapping elements.

27. 27. Q: How do you center a div using CSS?

A: Use margin: auto; or Flexbox/Grid layout.

28. 28. Q: What are pseudo-classes? Give an example.

A: They define a special state, e.g., :hover, :first-child.

29. 29. Q: What is the difference between absolute and relative positioning?

A: Absolute is relative to the nearest positioned ancestor; relative is relative to itself.

30. 30. Q: What is specificity in CSS?

A: Rules that determine which CSS rule applies if there are conflicts.

31. 31. Q: What is the difference between em and rem units?

A: em is relative to the parent; rem is relative to the root element.

32. 32. Q: What is the use of media queries?

A: To apply styles based on screen size/device type (responsive design).

33. 33. Q: What is Flexbox?

A: A layout model for aligning items in a one-dimensional space (row or column).

34. 34. Q: What is the difference between display: none and visibility: hidden?

A: display: none removes the element completely; visibility: hidden hides it but keeps
space.

35. 35. Q: How do you apply multiple classes to an HTML element?

A: By separating them with spaces: class="box highlight"

36. 36. Q: What is the difference between min-width and max-width?


A: min-width sets the minimum width an element can shrink to; max-width sets the
maximum.

37. 37. Q: What is the purpose of the !important rule?

A: Overrides other conflicting styles regardless of specificity.

38. 38. Q: What is a CSS transition?

A: Allows smooth change of property values over time.

39. 39. Q: How do you change the background color in CSS?

A: background-color: red;

40. 40. Q: What is a pseudo-element? Example?

A: Style parts of elements: ::before, ::after

41. 41. Q: What project did you build?

A: I created a responsive portfolio website using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.

42. 42. Q: How did you make your site responsive?

A: I used media queries and flexible layouts using Flexbox/Grid.

43. 43. Q: What challenges did you face during development?

A: Making layout responsive, browser compatibility, styling complex components.

44. 44. Q: How did you optimize your HTML and CSS?

A: By removing redundant code, compressing images, and combining/minifying CSS.

45. 45. Q: Which layout techniques did you use?

A: I used CSS Flexbox/Grid for layout and responsive alignment.

46. 46. Q: How did you validate your HTML and CSS?

A: Using the W3C validator tools for HTML and CSS.

47. 47. Q: How do you ensure accessibility in your website?

A: By using semantic HTML tags, alt attributes, and ARIA roles where needed.

48. 48. Q: How did you test your project?

A: On different browsers, devices, and using DevTools for responsiveness.

49. 49. Q: What improvements would you make in the future?


A: Add animations, convert to a single-page application, or integrate backend.

50. 50. Q: Why did you choose this project for your final year?

A: It aligned with my interest in web development and showcased my frontend skills.

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