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Network Programming with
Rust

Build fast and resilient network servers and clients by

leveraging Rust's memory-safety and concurrency features

Abhishek Chanda

BIRMINGHAM - MUMBAI
Network Programming with Rust
Copyright © 2018 Packt Publishing

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form
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www.packtpub.com
To my wife, Anasua, for being an amazing partner and friend, and also for all the diagrams in
this book.

To the memory of my mother, Sikha, for her sacrifices and for exemplifying the power of
determination.
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 Contributors

About the author

Abhishek Chanda studied computer science at IIEST Shibpur in India and electrical
engineering at Rutgers University. He has lived and worked in multiple countries, working
on distributed systems since 2008 at big companies such as Microsoft as well as a number
smaller start-ups. Currently, he is working with DataSine in London, where he is
responsible for the scalable deployment of infrastructure powering the backend systems of
the DataSine platform. He contributes to a number of open source projects, including Rust.

I would like to thank Packt and their wonderful team for making this possible, especially
Vikas, Chaitanya, Madhunikita, and Diwakar. I am grateful to Pradeep and all the
reviewers for their insightful comments. This book would not have been possible without
the support of my wife, Anasua.
About the reviewer
Pradeep R is a software professional at Gigamon. He is a technology enthusiast passionate
about network programing and security, with wide experience in working on leading
enterprise network switching and routing solutions and in development and deployment of
traditional network security elements. Currently, he is working on next-generation network
pervasive visibility solutions.

He extensively works with C, C++, Python, JavaScript, Perl, and occasionally with Java,
.NET, and Rust. Pradeep has recently reviewed Rust Cookbook.

I would like to thank Vigneshwer Dhinakaran, my brother, who has shown me that
boundaries exists only in our minds and they are meant to be breached. I would also like to
acknowledge with gratitude my mother, Vasanthi, my grandma, Sulochana, and my sister,
Deepika, for their constant encouragement and support.

Packt is searching for authors like you

If you're interested in becoming an author for Packt, please visit authors.packtpub.com and
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 Table of Contents
Preface 1

Chapter 1: Introduction to Client/Server Networking 5

A brief history of networks 6
Layering in networks 7
Addressing in networks 11
How IP routing works 13
How DNS works 16
Common service models 18
Connection-oriented service 18
Connectionless service 20
The network programming interface in Linux 20
Summary 26
Chapter 2: Introduction to Rust and its Ecosystem 27
The Rust ecosystem 28
Getting started with Rust 29
Introduction to the borrow checker 33
Generics and the trait system 38
Error handling 44
The macro system 48
Syntactic macros 49
Procedural macros 50
Functional features in Rust 51
Higher-order functions 51
Iterators 53
Concurrency primitives 55
Testing 59
Summary 62
Chapter 3: TCP and UDP Using Rust 63
A Simple TCP server and client 64
 Table of Contents

A Simple UDP server and client 71

UDP multicasting 73
Miscellaneous utilities in std::net 75
Some related crates 77
Summary 87
Chapter 4: Data Serialization, Deserialization, and Parsing 88
Serialization and deserialization using Serde 89
Custom serialization and deserialization 95
Parsing textual data 101
Parsing binary data 108
Summary 112
Chapter 5: Application Layer Protocols 113
Introduction to RPC 114
Introduction to SMTP 121
Introduction to FTP and TFTP 124
Summary 127
Chapter 6: Talking HTTP in the Internet 128
Introducing Hyper 128
Introducing Rocket 136
Introducing reqwest 155
Summary 159
Chapter 7: Asynchronous Network Programming Using Tokio 160
Looking into the Future 161
Working with streams and sinks 168
Heading to tokio 175
Socket multiplexing in tokio 183
Writing streaming protocols 190
The larger tokio ecosystem 200
Conclusion 203
Chapter 8: Security 204
Securing the web 204
Letsencrypt using Rust 207
OpenSSL using Rust 212

[ ii ]
 Table of Contents

Securing tokio applications 217

Cryptography using ring 221
Summary 227
Chapter 9: Appendix 228
Introduction to coroutines and generators 228
How May handles coroutines 232
Awaiting the future 236
Data parallelism 241
Parsing using Pest 246
Miscellaneous utilities 250
Summary 254
Other Books You May Enjoy 255

Index 258

[ iii ]
 Preface
Rust has steadily become one of the most important new programming languages in recent
years. Like C or C++, Rust enables the developer to write code that is low-level enough to
make Rust code quickly. And since Rust is memory-safe by design, it does not allow code
that can crash on a null pointer exception. These properties make it a natural choice for
writing low-level networking applications. This book will enable developers to get started
with writing networking applications with Rust.

Who this book is for

This book's target audience is a software engineer who is interested in writing networking
software using Rust.

What this book covers

Chapter 1, Introduction to Client/Server Networking, starts the book with a gentle
introduction to computer networking from the ground up. This includes IP addressing,
TCP/UDP, and DNS. This forms the basis of our discussions in later chapters.

Chapter 2, Introduction to Rust and its Ecosystem, contains an introduction to Rust. This is an
overall introduction that should be good enough to get the reader started. We do assume
some familiarity with programming.

Chapter 3, TCP and UDP Using Rust, dives into using Rust for networking. We start with
basic socket programming using the standard library. We then look at some crates from the
ecosystem that can be used for network programming.

Chapter 4, Data Serialization, Deserialization, and Parsing, explains that an important aspect
of networked computing is handling data. This chapter is an introduction to serializing and
deserializing data using Serde. We also look at parsing using nom and other frameworks.

Chapter 5, Application Layer Protocols, moves up a layer to look at protocols that operate
above TCP/IP. We look at a few crates to work with, such as RPC, SMTP, FTP, and TFTP.
Preface

Chapter 6, Talking HTTP in the Internet, explains that arguably the most common
application of the internet is HTTP. We look at crates such as Hyper and Rocket which are
used for writing HTTP servers and clients.

Chapter 7, Asynchronous Network Programming Using Tokio, looks at the Tokio stack for
asynchronous programming using futures, streams, and event loops.

Chapter 8, Security, delves into securing the services we have described so far. This is using
certificates and secret keys.

Chapter 9, Appendix, discusses a number of crates have appeared that propose alternate
ways of doing things already covered in this book. This includes the async/await syntax,
parsing using Pest, and so on. We will discuss some of these in the appendix.

To get the most out of this book

1. They are either already familiar with Rust or are planning to start learning the
language.
2. They have a commercial background in software engineering using other
programming languages and are aware about the tradeoffs in developing
software using different programming languages.
3. They have a basic familiarity with networking concepts.
4. They can appreciate why distributed systems are important in modern
computing.

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[2]
Preface

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[3]
Preface

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[4]
 Introduction to Client/Server
1
Networking
This book is an introduction to writing networking applications in Rust. This title begs two
questions: why should anyone care about networking? And why would anyone want to
write networking applications in Rust? We attempt to answer the first question in this
chapter. We will introduce Rust and network programming using Rust in subsequent
chapters. Firstly, in this chapter, we will start with a bit of history and try to understand
how network architecture evolved over the last hundred years. In subsequent sections, we
will see how modern networks are layered and addressed. Afterwards, we will describe
common service models used in networking. We will end with a summary of networking-
related programming interfaces that Linux exposes. Note that this book deliberately ignores
network programming in other operating systems and focuses only on Linux for the sake of
simplicity. While the Rust compiler is platform-agnostic, there can be cases where some
things are different in other platforms compared to Linux. We will point out those
differences as we progress.

In this chapter, we will cover the following topics:

History of networking: why and how networks came into use and how the
internet evolved
Layering in networks: how layering and encapsulation works
Addressing: how networks and individual hosts are uniquely identified on the
internet
How IP routing works
How DNS works
Service models for data delivery
The network programming interface in Linux
Introduction to Client/Server Networking Chapter 1

A brief history of networks

The modern internet has revolutionized how we communicate with one another. However,
it had humble beginnings in the Victorian era. One of the earliest precursors to the internet
was telegraph networks which were operational as early as 1850. Back then, it used to take
10 days to send a message from Europe to North America by sea. Telegraph networks
reduced that to 17 hours. By the late 19th century, the telegraph was a fully successful
communication technology that was used widely in the two world wars. Around that time,
people started building computers to help in cracking enemy codes. Unlike our modern
mobile phones and laptops, those computing machines were often huge and needed
specialized environments to be able to operate smoothly. Thus, it was necessary to put those
in special locations while the operators would sit on a terminal. The terminal needed to be
able to communicate with the computer over short distances. A number of local area
networking technologies enabled this, the most prominent one being Ethernet. Over time,
these networks grew and by the 1960s, some of these networks were being connected with
one another to form a larger network of networks. The Advanced Research Projects
Agency Network (ARPANET) was established in 1969 and it became the first internetwork
that resembles the modern internet. Around 1973, there were a number of such
internetworks all around the world, each using their own protocols and methods for
communication. Eventually, the protocols were standardized so that the networks could
communicate with each other seamlessly. All of these networks were later merged to form
what is the internet today.

Since networks evolved in silos all around the world, they were often organized according
to geographical proximity. A Local Area Network (LAN) is a collection of host machines in
small proximity like a building or a small neighborhood. A Wide Area Network (WAN) is
one that connects multiple neighborhoods; the global internet is at the top of the
hierarchy. The next picture shows a map of the ARPANET in 1977. Each node in this map is
a computer (a server, in today's terms). Most of these were located in large universities like
Stanford or at national laboratories like Lawrence Berkeley (source: https:/​/​commons.
wikimedia.​org/​wiki/​File:Arpanet_​logical_​map,_​march_​1977.​png).

In networking, a Request For Comment (RFC) is a document that

describes how a proposed system should work. These are the first steps
towards standardizing a protocol or a system. The term internet was first
used in RFC 675, which proposed a standard for TCP.

[6]
Introduction to Client/Server Networking Chapter 1

Layering in networks
Computer science often focuses on subdividing a problem into smaller, hopefully
independent components that can be solved in isolation. Once that is done, all that is
needed is a set of rules on how those components should communicate to have a solution to
the larger problem. This set of rules, along with a pre-agreed data format, is called a
protocol. A network is composed of a number of layers, each of which has a fixed purpose.
Thus, each of these layers run one or many protocols, forming a stack of protocols. In the
early days of networking, different people implemented their networks in different ways.
When the internet was conceived, there was a need to make these networks communicate
seamlessly. Since they were constructed differently, this turned out to be difficult.

[7]
Introduction to Client/Server Networking Chapter 1

There was a clear need to agree on standard protocols and interfaces to make the internet
work. The first attempt at standardizing networking protocols was in 1977, which led to the
OSI model. This model has the following layers:

Physical layer: It defines how data is transmitted in the physical medium in

terms of its electrical and physical characteristics. This can either be by wire, fiber
optic, or a wireless medium.
Data link layer: It defines how data is transmitted between two nodes connected
by a physical medium. This layer deals with prioritization between multiple
parties trying to access the wire simultaneously. Another important function of
this layer is to include some redundancy in the transmitted bits to minimize
errors during transmission. This is referred to as coding.
Network layer: It defines how packets (made up of multiple units of data) are
transmitted between networks. Thus, this layer needs to define how to identify
hosts and networks uniquely.
Transport layer: It defines mechanisms to reliably deliver variable length
messages to hosts (in the same or different networks). This layer defines a stream
of packets that the receiver can then listen to.
Session layer: It defines how applications running on hosts should communicate.
This layer needs to differentiate between applications running on the same host
and deliver packets to them.
Presentation layer: It defines common formats for data representation so that
different applications can interlink seamlessly. In some cases, this layer also takes
care of security.
Application layer: It defines how user-centric applications should send and
receive data. An example is the web browser (a user-centric application) using
HTTP (an application layer protocol) to talk to a web server.

The following figure shows a visual representation of this model (source: https:/​/​commons.
wikimedia.​org/​wiki/​File:Osi-​model-​jb.​svg). This also shows two vertical classifications,
the host running the network stack and the physical media (including the wire and the
network device). Each layer has its own data unit, the representation of the information it
works on, and since each layer encapsulates the one below it, the data units encapsulate too.
A number of bits form a frame, a number of frames form a packet, and so on, to the top:

[8]
Introduction to Client/Server Networking Chapter 1

The OSI model and its layers

While OSI was working on standardizing this model, Defense Advanced Research Projects
Agency (DARPA) came up with a full implementation of the much simpler TCP/IP model
(also known as the IP (Internet Protocol) suite). This model has the following layers, from
closest to the physical medium to the farthest:

Hardware interface layer: This is a combination of layers one and two of the OSI
model. This layer is responsible for managing media access control, handling
transmission and reception of bits, retransmission, and coding (some texts on
networking differentiate between the hardware interface layer and the link layer.
This results in a five layer model instead of four. This hardly matters in practice,
though.)
IP layer: This layer corresponds to layer three of the OSI stack. Thus, this layer is
responsible for two major tasks: addressing hosts and networks so that they can
be uniquely identified and given a source and a destination address, and
computing the path between those given a bunch of constraints (routing).
Transport layer: This layer corresponds to layer four of the OSI stack. This layer
converts raw packets to a stream of packets with some guarantees: in-order
delivery (for TCP) and randomly ordered delivery (for UDP).

[9]
Introduction to Client/Server Networking Chapter 1

Application layer: This layer combines layers five to seven of the OSI stack and is
responsible for identifying the process, data formatting, and interfacing with all
user level applications.

Note that the definition of what a particular layer handles changes as we move from one
layer to another. The hardware interface layer handles collection of bits and bytes
transmitted by hosts, the IP layer handles packets (the collection of a number of bytes sent
by a host in a specific format), the transport layer bunches together packets from a given
process on a host to another process on another host to form a segment (for TCP) or
datagram (for UDP), and the application layer constructs application specific
representations from the underlying stream. For each of these layers, the representation of
data that they deal with is called a Protocol Data Unit (PDU) for that layer. As a
consequence of this layering, when a process running on a host wants to send data to
another host, the data must be broken into individual chunks. As the chunk travels from
one layer to another, each layer adds a header (sometimes a trailer) to the chunk, forming
the PDU for that layer. This process is called encapsulation. Thus, each layer provides a set
of services to layers above it, specified in the form of a protocol.

The modern internet exhibits a form of geographical hierarchy. Imagine a number of homes
which are served by a number of Internet Service Providers (ISPs). Each of these homes
is in a LAN (either via Ethernet, or more commonly, Wi-Fi). The ISP connects many such
LANs in a WAN. Each ISP has one or many WANs that they connect to form their own
network. These larger networks, spanning cities, which are controlled by a single business
entity, are called Administrative Systems (AS). Routing between multiple ISPs is often
more complex than regular IP routing since they have to take into account things like
trading agreements and so on. This is handled by specialized protocols like the Border
Gateway Protocol (BGP).

As mentioned before, one of the earliest and most successful networking technologies is
Ethernet. First introduced in 1974, it quickly became the predominant technology for LAN
and WAN due to its low cost and relative ease of maintenance. Ethernet is a shared media
protocol where all the hosts must use the same physical medium to send and receive
frames. Frames are delivered to all hosts, which will check if the destination MAC address
(these addresses will be described in the next section) matches its own address. If it does,
the frame is accepted, otherwise, it is discarded. Since the physical medium can only carry
one signal at any given moment, there is a probability that frames might collide in transit. If
that does occur, the sender can sense the collision by sensing transmission from other hosts
while it is transmitting its frame. It then aborts the transmission and sends a jam signal to
let other hosts know of the collision. Then, it waits for an exponentially backed off amount
of time and retries the transmission. After a fixed number of attempts, it gives up if the
transmission does not succeed.

[ 10 ]
Introduction to Client/Server Networking Chapter 1

This scheme is called carrier-sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/CD).
One problem with Ethernet is its relatively short range. Depending on the physical wiring
technology used, the maximum length of an Ethernet segment varies between 100 m to 500
m. Thus, multiple segments must be connected to form a larger network. The most common
way of doing that is using layer two switches between two adjacent Ethernet segments.
Each port of these switches forms different collision domains, reducing the overall
probability of collisions. These switches can also monitor traffic to learn which MAC
addresses are on which ports so that eventually, they will send out frames for that MAC
address only on that port (referred to as a learning switch). In modern homes, Wi-Fi is often
the dominant LAN technology compared to Ethernet.

Addressing in networks
We have seen why it is important to identify hosts and networks uniquely to be able to
deliver packets reliably. Depending on the scale, there are three major ways of doing this;
we will discuss each of those in this section. The end to end process of IP routing will be
discussed in the next section. One interesting fact to note is that for each of these addressing
modes, one or more addresses are reserved for special use. Often, these are marked by a
known set of bits being on or off in a known pattern:

Ethernet address: This is also known as a Media Access Control (MAC) address.
It is a 48-bit long unique identifier assigned to a network device (usually stored
on the card) that is used to identify it in a network segment. Usually, these are
programmed by the network card manufacturer, but all modern OS's allow one
to modify it. The standard way of writing Ethernet addresses are in six groups of
two hexadecimal digits (01-23-45-67-89-ab-cd-ef). Another common way is to use
a colon to separate the digits (01:23:45:67:89:ab:cd:ef). A few special sequences of
bits are reserved for addressing special cases: the sender can request that an
Ethernet frame should be received by all hosts in that segment by setting the least
significant bit of the first octet to 1; this is called multicasting. If that particular bit
is set to 0, the frame should be delivered to only one receiver. Today, these are
used widely with Ethernet and Wi-Fi.

[ 11 ]
Introduction to Client/Server Networking Chapter 1

IP address: This is an address assigned to each device in an IP network. The

original IP address standard (IPv4) defined 32-bit addresses in 1980. However, by
1995, it was obvious that the total number of available addresses on the internet is
not enough to cover all devices. This led to the development of IPv6, which
expanded the address space to 128 bits. The standard way of dealing with a
group of IP addresses is using the CIDR notation, for example, 192.168.100.1/26
(IPv4). The decimal number after the slash counts the number of leading 1s in the
network mask. Thus, in this particular case, there are 2^(32-26) = 64 addresses in
the network starting from 192.168.100.0 to 192.168.100.63. The Internet Assigned
Numbers Authority (IANA) assigns blocks of publicly routable IP addresses to
organizations. A number of IPv4 and v6 addresses are reserved for various
purposes like addressing in private networks and so on. In a home network
(which will always use special private range addresses), these are assigned by the
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) by the Wi-Fi router.
Autonomous system number: This is a 32-bit number used to uniquely identify
autonomous systems. Like IP addresses, these are assigned and maintained by
the IANA.

Apart from these, communication between hosts often uses a port number to distinguish
between processes. When the OS allocates a specific port to a process, it updates its
database of the mapping between process identifier and port number. Thus, when it
receives incoming packets on that port, it knows what process to deliver those packets to. In
case the process has exited by that time, the OS will drop the packets and in the case of TCP,
initiate closing of the connection. In the subsequent sections, we will see how TCP works in
practice.

A range of port numbers between 0 and 1024 are reserved for common
services by the OS. Other applications are free to request any port above
1024.

[ 12 ]
Introduction to Client/Server Networking Chapter 1

How IP routing works

To understand how IP routing works, we must first begin with the structure of IPv4
addresses. As described in the last section, these are 32 bits in length. They are written in a
dotted decimal notation in groups of 4 bytes (for example, 192.168.122.5). A given number
of bits in that network prefix is used to identify the network where the packet should be
delivered, and the rest of the bits identify the particular host. Thus, all hosts in the same
network must have the same prefix. Conventionally, the prefix is described in the CIDR
notation with the starting address and the number of bits in the network portion of the
address separated by a slash (192.168.122.0/30). The number can then be used to find out
how many addresses are available for hosts in the network (in this case, 2^(32-30) = 4).
Given an IP address and a prefix, the network address can be extracted by bitwise-ANDing
the address with a mask of all 1s in the network portion. Calculating the host address is just
the reverse; we will need to AND with the network mask's logical negation (the host mask),
which has all 0s in the network portion and all 1s in the host portion. Given an address and
a prefix like 192.168.122.5/27, we will compute these as shown in the following figure. Thus,
for the given CIDR, the network address is 192.168.122.0 and the host address is 0.0.0.5:

CIDR to network and host address conversion

As described before, each IP network will have a reserved broadcast

address that can be used for a host to send a message to all hosts in that
network. This can be computed by ORing with the host mask. In our
example, this comes out to be 192.168.122.31. Note that the network
address can not be a valid host address.

[ 13 ]
Introduction to Client/Server Networking Chapter 1

There are two broad classes of IP address; some blocks of addresses can be routed in the
public internet, these are called public IP addresses. Some other blocks can only be used in
private networks that do not directly interface with the internet, these are called private
addresses. If a router on the internet receives a packet that is destined for a private IP
address, it will have to drop that packet. Other than these two, IP addresses are also
classified on various parameters: some are reserved for documentation only (192.0.2.0/24),
some are reserved for point to point communication between two hosts (169.254.0.0/16), and
so on. The Rust standard library has convenience methods to classify IP addresses
according to their types.

All routers maintain a routing table which maps prefixes to the outgoing interface of the
router (while a router administrator might decide to store individual addresses instead of
prefixes, this will quickly lead to a large routing table in a busy router). An entry in the table
basically says If a packet needs to go to this network, it should be sent on this interface. The next
host that receives the packet might be another router or the destination host. How do
routers figure out this table? Multiple routers run routing protocols between those which
compute those tables. Some common examples are OSPF, RIP, and BGP. Given these
primitives, the actual routing mechanism is fairly simple, as shown in the next diagram.

An interesting aspect of IP is the use of the Time To Live (TTL) field, this is also known as
hop limit. The host sends out packets with a fixed value of TTL (usually 64). Each router the
packet crossed decreases the TTL. When it reaches 0, the packet is discarded. This
mechanism ensures that packets are not stuck in an infinite loop between routers:

General routing algorithm

[ 14 ]
Introduction to Client/Server Networking Chapter 1

Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is used to exchange

operational information between network devices. In the preceding
example, one or multiple routers might decide to send back an ICMP error
if they are configured to do so.

Note that while trying to match the prefix to routes in the routing table, multiple routes
might match. If that happens, the router must select the most specific match and use that for
forwarding. Since the most specific routes will have the maximum number of leading 1s,
and hence the largest prefix, this is called the longest prefix match. Say our router has the
following routing table, as shown in the diagram. eth1, eth2, and eth3 are three network
interfaces attached to our router, each having a different IP address in different networks:

Longest prefix matching example

At this point, if our device gets a packet that has a destination address set to 192.168.1.33, all
three prefixes have this address but the last one is the largest of the three. So, the packet will
go out through eth3.

A lot of what we described so far about IPv4 addresses does not change for IPv6, except, of
course, it has a larger address space of 128 bits. In this case, the length of the network mask
and the host mask depends on the address type.

One might be wondering, how do routers construct the routing table? As always, there are
protocols to help with that. Routing protocols are of two major types: interior gateway
protocols which are used for routing inside an autonomous system, and exterior gateway
protocols which are used in routing between autonomous systems; an example of the latter
is BGP. Interior gateway protocols can again be of two types, depending on how they look
at the whole network. In link state routing, each router participating in the protocol
maintains a view of the whole network topology. In distance vector routing, each router
only knows about its one hop neighbors. An example of the former is the Routing
Information Protocol (RIP) and of the latter is Open Shortest Path First (OSPF). Details
about these are beyond the scope of this book. However, we can note that the common
theme among all the routing protocols is that they work by exchanging information
between routers. Thus, they have their own packet formats for encapsulating that
information.

[ 15 ]
Introduction to Client/Server Networking Chapter 1

How DNS works

Note that it's impossible for anyone to remember the IP address of each and every service
on the internet. Fortunately, there is a protocol for that! The Domain Name Server (DNS)
solves this problem by maintaining a map of a human readable hierarchical name to the IP
address of the service in a distributed database. Thus, when a user enters http:/​/​www.
google.​com in their browser and hits the Enter key, the first step is to look up the IP address
of the name www.google.com using DNS. The next figure shows the steps necessary in such a
query. In this discussion, we will use the names local DNS resolver, local DNS server, and
local DNS nameserver interchangeably:

How DNS works

An application that needs to resolve a name will use a system call like getaddrinfo. This
essentially asks the OS to go ahead and resolve the name. This step is not shown in the
figure. The next steps are as follows:

1. Typically, each computer in a network will have a local DNS server configured in
the file /etc/resolv.conf. In most cases, this points to the ISP's DNS server.
This might also point to the home Wi-Fi router's DNS server. In that case, the
DNS will transparently proxy requests to the ISP's DNS server. The OS will then
query that server, asking the IP of the given name www.google.com.

[ 16 ]
Another Random Scribd Document
with Unrelated Content
LIMPED. Tomar alguna cosa porjunto ó por mayor. Lumped, li-ümyi
p. p. y adj. Anion-' tonado, eu montoues; vendido ó comprado por
mayor. I
 LUMPEN 'lOl _ LUTHERAN Lumpen i>. leump'n, K.amp-Osh,
léümp-fich. Loinpo, liebre de oiar. ÍC¿(lodlerux lumpus.) Lumpers s.
leumpers. Trabajadores cuyo olirio es cargar y descagar un buqu'd
mercante. Lumping léumpiñ. p. a. y adj. || Vulg. Grueso, grande,
pesado. '|| — adv. En maca, por mayor. Luiiipüsh s. létím/ich. let.
Lumpo, j¡bado. Lumping adj. léumpiñ. Volg. Grande, pesado, largo.
Lunipi>«ii adj. léumpirh. Pesado, tardo, lento, torpe, lerdo, grosero ;
grave, macizo ; tosco. Lumpií>hly adv. léumpichli. Lerdamente,
estúpidamente, pesadamente, groseramente. Lunipishness s.
léumptchnes. Pesadez, tjidanzd. II Mujaderia, tontería. Luiitpy adj.
léüinpi. Lleno de terrones ó de masas endurecidas. !| Grumoso, lleno
de cuajarones (hablando de la lech.í ú otra sustancia análogaj.
Lunacy s. liúnasi. Locura, frenesí, demencia; trastorno de las
facultades inteltciuales. Lunar, liúnar, Lnnary, liúnari. adj. Lunar que ?
•> reliereá la luna ; ¡uniforme, que se i arece á la lana, en forma de
luna, orbicular, esférico. I| Lunático, que está bajo el influjo de la
luna. Lunar caustic, piedra infemal, nitrato de plata. Lunar mojilh,
rars lun¡ir. Lunar year, año lunar, periodo de doce meses lunares.
Lunaria s- liunéria. Bot. Yerba de plata, lunaria anual. Lunarian s.
liunérian. Habitante de la luna. Lunars s. liúnars. Distancias lanares.
Lunale adj. liúnel. Lunar, luniforme, en forma de media luna.
Lunated adj. iiunét d. V. Lcnate. I. uñate adj. Itúnet. Lunar,
lunifor:ne. l.unatcti adj, liüneted. Lunado. Lunatic adj. liúnalic.
Lunático, frenético, alunado. II —s. Un lunático, un loco. Lunation s.
liunéthmn. Lunación, el liempo que dura el primer cuarto de la luna
nueva. Luacli, iévinc\\. Luncheon, leunchfun. s. Pufiado de comida,
la caatidud de ella qae puede caber ( n la mano, ¡j El aliineiito
lomado entre el almuerzo y la comida ; refección, merienda. To lake
a luncheon, hacer las once, tomar un bocado ó un tao. Lunch (to),
n. ¡u /«2nch, p. a. I.u.v cniNO, p. p. Llsciied. Hacer las onre,
merendar; hacer una pequeña colación. Lunclteon s. IcUhcacüu. V.
Li.Ncn. Lune s. líún. Media luna, alguna cosa en forma de media
luna. j| Geom. Lúnula, plano ó llgura geomctrira formada por dos
curvas á dos arcos de círculo. 11 Capricho, fantasía, arrarjque. ||
.Mont. Trailla, cuerda 6 correa con qne se lleva atado á los perros.
Lunette s. liunél. -Fort. Media lana pequeña. Lunet s. liúnel. Los
satélites que giran al rededor de sus planetas, como la luna gira al
rededor de la tierra. Lingeous adj. teúncheus. ilcncoroso, malicioso.
Lung, léuñ. Lungs, leúrm. s. Pulmón, pulmones, órganos situados en
el pecho que son los principales agentes de la respiración 5 llámanse
tamLieo bofes ó livianos, principalmente cuando se habla de los
animales. To sing al Ike top uf 01.$'» lunys, (Fam.) Cantar á gaznate
tt'ntido, á todo gritar. Lung grown, que tiene les pulmones
adherentes á la pl.'ura. To clear one's lungt, limpiar, desembarazar
IOS pulmones. Tlie pipe of lite lungs, la iraquio-arieria. ILungc s.
leaiicM. Estocada, golpe. V. Li)Nr,E. Lunged adj. Uñiñd. Que tiene
pulmones ; que a

g, p. p. LcRED. Llamar los halcones con señuelo. II — a.

Atraer, persuadir, induce. Lurid adj. liúrid. Lóbrego, triste ; pálido,
cárdeno. Lnrk (to), n. /«rA. Espiar, acechar; ponerse en emboscada
para hacer algo malo. II Ocultarle á las mirailas del público. To iurk
about, rodar al rededor de. Lurkcr s. IcurkcHr. Haragán. ||
Acechador, esp^a, el que está en acecho para hacer daño. \\ El que
se oculta ó se pierde de vista. Liirking-piace s. léUrkiñ-ples.
Escondite, escondrijo, guarida, rincón; emboscada. Lurry s. léurri.
Sonido confuso, inarticulado. A lurry of words, an sonido confuso de
voces. || Min. Carretón lleno de ulla. Luscious adj. leuscheus.
Dalzazo, cmpal.goso. II Azucarado, almibarado, meloso. II Grato,
agradable, delicioso. Lusciour>ly adv. lcusc\icusli. Uulccmeute.
Lusciousness s. Icüsthcusnes. Dulzura que empalaga, melosidad.
Lu.^ern s. liúscun. Zool. Lince, lobocerval. Lush adj. Icüch. De color
oscuro, sombríi. Lusiad s. liústad. Lasiada, poema éiiico de
Cam^cus. Lusk adj. Iciisk. Ocioso, indolente, perezoso. ¡I — s.
Holiíazan, zote. Lnsk (to), n. tu léüsk. Holgazanear; descuidarle.
Luski.%h adj. léuskicb. Algo perezoso. Lu.tioriou.ft, liüs)rieüs,
Lusory, /«¡t. sori. adj. Lo quit s. léust. Deseo, inclinación, voluniad. II
Lujuria, sensualidad, incontinencia, ccncupiTcnria, lascivia,
impudicicia, deshonAjiJfiad. !| Vigor, verdor. Lust-dieted, lleno de
lujuria. Lusl-slained, embrutecido por la lajuria. Lust-wearied, harto
de Injuria. Lust ;to), n. /u léust. p. a. Listing, p. p. Lusted. Lujuriar,
cometer el pecado de la lujuria. || Codiciar, desear con ansia alguna
cosa. || Desordenarse, desarreglarse. Lu««ter s. léustéur. Codicioso,
persona que no escucha mas que la codicia. Lustful adj. Icüslful.
Lujurioso, sensual, voluptuoso. II Deshonesio, impúdico, lascivo,
incontinente. || Vigoroso, robusto, fuerte. Lustfully adv. leustfuli.
Lujuriosamente, lascivamente, sensualn;e:ite. Lustfulness s.
Icuslfulnes. Lascivia, inpnn'inencia, deshonestidad, iaipadicicia,
lubriridad. Luetic adj. Icustic. Alegre, jocoso, diveriido. Lustihead,
léusli'ied, Lustilsood, leu.slilud. s. Vigor, actividad; fuerza corporal.
Lustily adv. léustili. Fuertemente, vigorosamente, con fuerza.
Lustiness s. léuslines. Lozanía, vigor, robustez. Luíiting s. Icuslíil.
Deseo ardiente. || Concupiscencia ; lujuria. Lustless adj. /fu.s7/e#.
Falto de vigor ó energía, flojo, débil. Lustral adj. U-üatral. Lastral, lo
que se usa en las purilicaciones. Lústrate (to), a. tu Icuslrct. p. a.
LusTRATiNG, p. p. Lustrated. Lustrac, pariCcar. || Considerar,
contemplar, observar. Lustration s. leuslréchéun. Ceremonias
establecidas antiguamente para la puriQcacion de las personas. ||
Pur.ücacion, acción de purificar. Lustre s. leüsléür. Lustre, brillantez.
.Araña de cristal. || Lucimiento ; esplendor. 11 Lu>tro, el espario de
cinco años. Lustreless adj. tcustrelcs. .Sin brillo. Lustring s. léuslriñ.
Lustrina, tela de mucho lustre. Lustrous adj. léuslrcUs. Lustroso,
brillante. Lustrously adv. léustréOsli. Rrillantemente,
espléndidamente, de un modo brillante. Lustrum s. Icustréüm.
Lastro, cinco años. Lust\«or( s. léüslueurt. Bot. Roclo del sol. Lusty
adj. léüsli. Lozano, fornido, fuerte, robusto, vigoroso. ||(Des.)
Hermoso ; deleitoso. Lutanist s. liúlanisl. El que toca el laúd.
Lutarious adj. liutáriéus. Lodoso ; lo que tiene color de lodo. Lutation
s. liuléchcun. Lutacion, el acto de tapar ó embarrar las vasijas con el
lúten. Lute s. liut. Laúd, instrumento mi'isico de cuerdas. || Lí.ten,
mezcla de claras de huevo, argamasa ú otro cosa, con que se tapan
las aberturas y junturas de los vasos quíujicos. Lute (to), a. lu lint. p.
a Luting, p. p. Luted. Tapar, enlodar ó embarrar con lúen. Luteons
adj. Uúliéus. De color amarillo azulado. Luter, Hulear, Lntist liútist. S.
El que lañe el laúd. Lutestring s. liúslttriñ. Lustrina, especie de tela
de seda. |j Cuerda de '3Úd. .. ... Luthcranisui s. Imerantsm. Lut
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.JTHERN — i02 MASS ■.utlicrn s. linzern. Arq. Kspncie dt;

hnibaTj ó ventanilla di; guardilla ó desván. I.ulONC adj. liiUcuíi.
I,0(lo;o, tuiijio, cenagoso, lleiu) de lodo. liittr» s. liiitra. Zool. .Nutria,
RÍnero it anímalos digiiigrados y carnívoros. liutiilent ailj. liútiuleiil. V.
Litóse. t.ux ^r()), a. tu lenes. V. To l.üX.i'f^■iU\a(e (to), ü. lu
IcTícsct. Ci»"- '^i'^" lorar, ile-encajar, dosimncertar. iiescoyiinlar;
sarar un hueso de su íii'^ar (> torrer la dirección de nn míis>-nlo,
nervio, etc. He has luxated his líip, se lia dislocado la fadei'a.
riixtition s. lotíeséztióün. Dislocación, descoyuntan! enlo. i,ii\iiriitiicc,
léugsiúrann, I>ii\iirianí-y, lc'!ir«lon s. laiaipcurdnn. Licopcrdo, pedo
de lobo, género de hongo. l.yco|ierNí s. laicopodiésii. Licopodiáceas,
familia de plantas criptógauías. l.ycopocIiaccouM adj.
laicopodiéchíZív. Licopiidiáceo, que parlicipa de las liropodiáceas.
■.icopofiitc s. laicopodait. Licopodite, especie de plantas fósiles.
■.yco|»uiliiiiii s. luicopódimim. Licopodio, polvo de una especie de
musgo que es muy inllamable. I>yco|i.xí.>« s. /a/co;).v«.
Bot.Licópsidc género de plantas de la familia de las borragineas.
liyeopus s. laicopcus. Rol. Licopo ó pié de lobo, género de plantas de
la familia de las labiadas. I.yciirsu.s n. |)r./rt/Amr(7«cí2í. Licurgo.
I.ydia n. pr. lidia. Lidia. B.y«lian adj. laidiaii. Lidio, que se refiere 4 la
antigua Lidia. ■.ye s. lái. Lejía, agua impregnada de una sal alcalina
que se saca de la ceniza de la leña. II Mentira. II En los ferrocarriles
se llaman así los empalincs laterales. E,yíní¡; láiiñ, ailj. Echado. A
ship lying along. Mar. Bajel tendido sobre la banda. Lijing lo. Mar. Al
pairo ó en facha. Li/ing-in hospital, hospital de parturientes, el
refugio. Amér. Casa de maternidad. Lying-m woman, mujer parida. II
— s. Kl acto de parir. || La práctica ó costumbre de mentir. ||
Mentira, embuste. || — adj. Mentiroso, embustero, dado á mentir;
falaz, engañoso. II Lying, es el p. a. de To Lie. liyinsiy adv. láiñgli.
.Mentirosamente, falsamenle. Eiym s. lim. Un perro sujeto con una
cuerda ó cadena. || Sabueso. Ijynic-Kra.«i$« s. Idim-gras. Elimo,
género de plantas de la familia de las gramli.'cas hordeáce'S.
■>yiiioxylon s. laiméesilon Liméxilo, género de insectos coleópteros,
que roen y destruyen la madera. ■>yiiinca s. liinnia. Liranca, género
de moluscos que se hallan en los rios y en los estanques. I>ygiipii s.
limf. Linfa líquido blanco coiitenido en los vasos linfáticos.
■..yiiipliate, limfel, I.ynipliatcil, limfeled, adj. Terrilicadi), aquel á
quien el terror hace perder la cabeza. || Insensato, furioso.
L,ynipliatic s. limfalic. Linfático : dicese de los vasos que conducen la
linfa. II Maniático. || — adj. Linfático. The lijmphaUc vessels, lo?
vasos linfáticos. II Maníaco, frenetic ■..yinphcdiict s. limfidéüct. Vaso
!!■• fálico. l.yiiiplio;:rHpliy s. limfúgrafi. Linfo;rafia, descripción de los
vasos linfáticos. l.ympliy adj. //m/l. Que contiene linfa ó se a-emeja
á la linfa. I^yncean adj. linsinn. De la naturaleza del lince; propio del
lince. I.yncli (to), a. tu linch, p. a. LtnciiiNG, p. p. I.YNCiiKb. Aplii-
arun castigo 6 un suplicio, castigar sin la observación prealable de
los trámites prescritos por la ley, como procede el populacho
enfurecido que se toma la justicia por la mano. l.ynch-law s. linch-ló.
Ley de Linch, suplicio aplicado por gente que ni tiene derecho para
hacer justicia ni observa ninguna de ¡as formas protectoras
requeridas por las leyes. Dicese que esla voi procede de un
hacendado del Estado de Virginia, llamado Lynch, que tenia por
costumbre diciar y ejecutar la justicia por si y ante sf. ■.yndcn-tree
s. línden-lri. Bol. Tilo. V. Lindf.n-thee. I^ynx ^.lici'is. Zool. Unce.
(Felisiyni), cuadrúpedo carnívoro i|ue los aniik'uos creían que tenia
una vista muy perspicaz. II Ast. Consielacion del lieiiiisferio boreal.
Having a hjnx-like rye, que tiene ojos de lince ó muy penetranles.
Lynxeyed, con ojos de lince, con vista penetrante. I.yoim n pr.
laiéuns. Geog. Lion, ciudad de Francia. I^yra s. láira. Ast. Lira,
constelación del hemisferio boreal. I..yre s. láir. Lira, instrumento de
cuerdas muy empicado por los antiguos. II Ast Constelación boreal.
Lyre-shaped, liriforme, en forma de lira. Liyrc-biril s. Idir-bcürd. Orn.
Lira (Menura superl/a), ave de .■Vusiralia cuya cola se parece á una
lira antigua. liyric, /í;7C, I.yrical, lirical, adj. Lírico, lo jiertenecieiite á
la lira ó compuesto para cantar al son de la lira; que tiene un
movimiento y un transporte mas vivos que el resto de la poesía.
Lyric-puelry, poesía lírica. E.yric s. liric Poema lírico. || Lírico, autor
de poesías líricas. l,yricisni s. lirisi.tm. Obra lírica. E.yri»it s. lairist.
Tocador de lira ó de arpa ; arpista. L,y!«iniacliia s. laisimákia. Bot.
Lisimaquia, género de plantas de la fauíilia de las primuláceas.
I>y8iuiachu8 n. pr. latsimakéüt. Lisimaco. K.ysf4a s. lisa. Rabia
canina. l.yterían adj. lailirian. Med. Que lerniina una enfermedad;
que indica la solución de una enfermedad. I>y(liruni s. lailrcTim. liol.
Sr.licaria, género de plantas de la familia de las litrarias. M JII, ífli, es
la decimotercera letra del alfalxMo in:;lés. Nunca es muda y se
pronuncia como en español, aunque con algo mas de fuerza. .No se
la encuentra ¡amas seguida de otra consunanie mi el principio de las
voces ó palabras purattienle inglesas. Como abreviatura numeral
romano, equivale á Mil j coa uua tilde ensima, JJ, á un millón M.
representa nn minon, 'M, am, yo soy. M., ilan/uis, marques. ||
ilaseultne, masculino. || .Uon.s/eur, sir ó mister, señor. || Morning,
mañana. || Monllt, mes. II ilinule, minuto. || Mile, milla !| Married,
casado. || Meridian, meridiano. II Mid-day 6 noon, mediodía. ||
Monday, lunes. M. A. master of arts, maestro en artes II Military
academy, academia militar. M. B. Medecine-Baclteior, bachillerea
medicina. Mau. ó Madm, madam, madama, seúora. Maii, marc/i,
marzo. Makcii, ii¡jntiione\s, marquesa. Marü. marquts, manjues.
Mass. ó .Ms, MassachuieíU,
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MAYN'T Matjí't, maij not. V. May. M. C. member of

Congress, miemliro del Congreso. |j Hosier of cerenunies, maestro
de ccreiiionias. M. D. Medecine doctor, doctor en medirina. Md.
Maryland. Mem. ilemenlo, remember, acuérdate. II ilemoraudum.
Messks, gentlemen, sirs, sefiores, ca¿aileros. Mightn't, might not. V.
Might. Win, minute, minuto. MiN. Pi.EN, minister plenipotentiary,
ministro plenipotenciario. M. 0., ilisiouri. Mon. ó Mono, mondaij,
limes. M. P., member of parliament, miembro del Parlanieiito. M. R.
A. S., member of the Royal Asiatic Society, miembro de la Soclodad
Ileal Asiática. Mrs, mistress (.se pronuni-ia mists), señora, esposa
de... M. S. iha manuscript, manuscripts, manuscrit'i, manuscritos.
ma'am, contracción de Slaaaiu, sefnra. Illab s. mab. .Mab; en la
mitología del norte la reina de las liadas. || Mujer .'isquerosa,
pelandusca. Slal» ,T0), n. tu mab, p. a. MAoniNG, p. p. Mariíkd.
Vestirse deíaliñadaniente. JIfiaitbIc (to), a. tu mab'bt. p. a.
.MabBLiNü, p. p. .MAuuLtD. Envolver, arrollar. V. JluBLE. Mac, wac,
prefijo que, en los nombres de origen escoces ó irlandés, significa «
hijo de. » niacacus s. malékeus. Zool. Macaca, fénero de nuimiferos
cuadrumanos. .llacatlainixation s. macudamisécheun.
Macadamizaciou (neol.) V. Macadamize. ¡Vlacadaiiiize (to), a. tu
macádamais. .Macaüaiiii/.ar, palabra nuevamente creada para
expresar un empedrado, cuyo inventor es un in.slés llamado Mac-
Adain, oni que sólo da ¡mporlancia al modo de vestir. Macassar n. pr.
macassar. Geog. Maca-iii-. ifiacauco s. macaco. Zool. Macaco,
€s;)ccie (le mono. Miicaw s. macó, Macao, macáo. Orn. Guacamayo
de cola larga. || Ara, noiiilire generii o bajo el cual se comprenden
varias especies de papagayos de América. Maraw-tree s. macótri.
But. Cocotero, e-iperie de palmera. .Macaw-tree s. macó-tri. Bot.
Latauero. Mace s. mes. Maza, insignia que llevan I S maceres
delante de los magisiiados en los actos públicos. || Maza, clava ó -
403 — porra de metal. \\ Macis ó macias, Ta corteza olorosa que
cubre la nuez moscada. Macbctli n. pr. mácbez. Macbeth, nomhre de
uno de lus mejores dramas de Shakespeare. Macéale s. mésel.
Cerveza fuerte sazonada con macis. Mace-bearers. més-bercur.
Macero. Macedonia n. pr. masidónia. Geog. Macedonia. Macerate
(to), a. tu máscuret. p. a. .Macei-.ating, p. p. Macerated. Macerar,
enllaquecer, debilitar, mortificar el cuerpo. II Poner en fusion algún
cuerpo. Maceration s. masearcuhcun. Maceraeion, extenuación,
tnllaqueciiiiiento. II El acto de macerar ó infundir alguna cosa sólida
en un líquido para alJandaila. Macliiavelian s. makiarétian.
.Maquiavelista. || — a(!j. Maquiavélico, el que sigue las máximas de
.Maquiavelo. Machiaveli»>ni s. mákiavelism. Maquiavelismo, tiranía
astuta, engaño, fraude. Maciiinal adj. mákinal. .Maquinal ó mciánico.
Maciiínate (to), a. tu mákinet. Maquinar, tramar, fraguar, trazar ó
idear medios pa:a lograr alguD lin. .Machinatiun s. makinéchcun.
Maquinación, Irania, asechanza oculta. Machínator s. makiitéleui.
Maquinador, maquinante. Macbíue s. mac\\in. Máquina con que se
da movimienlo á alguna cosa. || .Máquina, traza, artificio; proyecto
puramente de la imaginación. || .Nombre de cierta especie de
coches de alquiler. I| La parle que los entes sobrenaturales tienen en
la acción de un poema. Machinery s. machineuri. Máquinas. II
Mecánica. || Maquinaria. || Conjunto de entes sobrenaturales
inlioducidjs en un poema. Machining adj. machiniñ. Perteneciente á
los agentes sobrenaturales de un poema. Machinist s. machinist.
Maquinista. Maeileiicy s. mdsilcnsi. Fla.iuera. Macileut adj. másilent.
Maciiento, naco. Mackerel s. mákcarel. let. Escombro. Horse-
mackerel, let. Caballa, alacha, sábalo. II Tiiv. Alcahuete. Mackintosh
s. mackintoch. Traje impermeable. Maekle s. mákl. Impr. Maculatura.
Macrocosm s. macrocosm. Macrocosmo. Macrology s. macrólochi.
Macrologia, difusinn, prosa, charlatanería. .VSactation s.
mudecUcün, Inmolación, matanza para el sacrilicio. .Macula s.
mákiula. Mácula; mancha; lunar. Maculate (to), a. tu máiüulet.
Macular, maiicliar. Slaculatíon s. makiulécheun. .Mácula, mancha;
mancilla, t.ulia. Macule s. mákiut. Hoja maculada. Mad (to), a. tu
mad. Enloquecer, volver loco. || Enfurecer. || — n. Enfurecerse,
rabiar. || Enloquecerse, desentrenarse. Mad adj. Loco ; distraído;
enajenado. II Insensato. || Furioso, rabioso. || Apasionado. Mad
apple, berengena. Madbrained, loco, furioso; insensato,
extravagante. Mad-cap, loco, orate; locarias. Mad-headed, calavera,
sin seso. Madam s. mádam. .Madama, señora. Madden (to) a. tu
mádn. Enloquecer. II Enfurecer. || — n. Enloquecerse. II
Enfurecerse. Madder s. mádeur. Bot. Rubia, la raíz que sirve para
teñir de rojo. i/aí/Jerroot, rubia en raíz ó graneada. Maddish adj.
madich. Alocado. Made, med. pret. y part, de To make. Madefacliou
s. madífákcheün, .Mojada, niujidura. .Madefy (to), a. tu mádifai. p.
a. MADr.tvi.NG, p. p. Madehed. .Mojar, humedecer. Madeira n. pr.
madira. Geog. Madera. Madeira-wine, vino de .Madera. Madhouse s.
mád\uus. Hospital ó casa de locos. MAGNETIC Madly adv. mádli.
Locamente. || Fuiiosameiite. Madman s. madman. Loco, maniático,
orate. II Insensato. M Furioso. || Extravagante. Madness s. mádncs.
Locura, demencia, mania. || Furor, rabia. Madona, Madonna s.
madóna. Dfcese de las imágenes de la Virgen : voj italiana.
.Madreiiore s.mádrepor. Conq. Madre pora. .Madrler s. madrir.
Tablón, albitana. .Madrigal s. madrigal. Madrigal. .Maese n. pr. mes.
Mosa, rio de Francia. Magazine s. magasin. Almacén. || Mar. Pañol
de pólvora ó santabárbara. || iSüín! re dado á algunos periódicos.
Magdalen n. pr. mágdalen. Magdalena. II .Mujer arrepentida.
Magdeburg n. pr. mágdibcürg. Gcoj. Magdeburgo. .Mage s. ffie'ch.
Mago. Maggot s. mágot. Gusano, larva. (| Capricho, fantasía, antojo.
/ shall do it when the maggot bites, lo haré cuando se me antoje.
.Maggoty adj, mágoti. Gusaniento, lleno de gusanos. || Caprichoso,
antojadizo, fantástico. .Magi s. pl. tnéchai. Magos. .Magian s.
méchian. Mago. || — adj. De los ma.jos. .t:agiunism s. méchianism.
La GIosofia de los magos. Magic s. »iech/c. Magia negra. Natural
mayic, magia blanca o natural. || — adj. Mágico, encantador. Magic
lantern, linterna mágica. Magical adj, mdchical. Mágico, encantando.
.^sagically adv. mdchicalí. Maravillosaiiiente, por magia. Magician s.
tnachichan. Mago, mágico, nigromante. Magilp s. maguilp. Secante,
corapuesto de que se sirven los artistas para secar y hacer brillar los
colores. Magisterial adj. machisiirial. Magistral, magisteriaL ||
Imperioso, arrogante, altanero. ülagisterially adv. machistiriali. Ma-
'isiralnijnte, con maestría. || Imperi sámente. Magi^tirialness s.
machistirialnes. Magisterio; tono magistral; soberbia. .Magistracy s.
máchislrasi. Magistratura , cargo ó dignidad de un magistrado. II
.Maiíisterio. Magistrate s. mdchisiret. M :gi3trado. II Juez de paz.
.Magistratic adj. machistrálic. Relativo á la autoridad de un
magistrado Magma s. magma. Qu in. .Masa viscosa ó gelatinosa que
presenta el aspcc:o de una papilla. Magna cliarta s- mdgnacháila. La
magna carta en que están contenidos los privilegios de la nación
inglesa. .Magnanimity s. maynanimili. Magnanimiuad, elevación ó
dignidad de espíritu. Magnanimous adj. magnánimcus. Maú'náuiíno.
.Magnanimously adv. magndnimelisli. .Magnánimamente. Magnate s.
magnet. .Magnate, potentado ; grande del reino de Polonia y de
Hungría. Magnesia s. magnicbia. Magnesia, especie de tierra dulce
muy fina y blanca. Magnesian adj. magnidiian. .Magnésico, que
contiene magnesia. Magnesium s. magnichcun. .Magnesio, metal
blanco y maleable que produce la magnesia combinada con el
oxigeno. .Magnet s. magnet. Imán; piedra imán. Aitificial magnet,
imán artificial. Magnetic, .Magnetieal adv. magnetic, mugiiéiual.
.Magnético. Magneticpole, polo magnético. Magnetic ueedle^ aguja
imantada. Magnetic telegraph, lelC" grafo eléctrico.
 MAGNETICALLY — 401 — MAKING-IRON magnetically adv.
magnélicah. Majneiii jinenle ; por atracción. !Vla;£>ioticM s.
magnétic.f. Ciencia del maRiu'ii'^mo. nagiicdHin s. máqnelism.
Magnetismo, propiedad que tiene el imán de atraer el liierro con los
feni'tinenos que de ello rcsulian. Animal-ma(jneli.iin, ma;,'neti'^ino
aniínal. AlagnctíNt s. máfinetist. El que está versado en los
fenómenos del magnetismo. ¡llasinctizablA adj. mágnelisabl.
Masnclizable. ülaKnctixo (to), a. tu máffiíelai.i. p. a. MAOMni/.ivr,, p
p. Magnetized. Mnj;netizar, iinaiitar ó imanar. || — n. Imanarse,
adiiuirir propiedades magnéticas. Illa;:nolizcr s. mágneliscür.
Magnetizndur. .llaKiicdxing p. a. ó adj. mágnelaisiii. .Magnetizante,
¡manante. Magneto-electric adj. magniíoitéclric. j'ís. .Ma?iielo-
eléclrico. xllngneto-electricity s. magnitoileclrisiti. l';ieclro-
ma;,'netismo. Alasnctugrapli s. magnélograf. Manetó?rafo.
i1Iii:;netonietcr s. mágnetomitcñr . Ma?netonietro; instrumento que
sirve para conocer la fuerza de los imanes. Slagnetoniotur s.
vianneloinútéur. Ma','netoinü'(ir; serie voltaica de dos grandes
láminas de metal, ó mas, que priuliiie líiaii cantidad Je electricidad.
Illai;niiiable adj. mágnifaiabl. Capaz de ser engrandecido. .tlagniiic,
manniftc, llasniUcal, magiiiftcal adj. Magnifico, brillante, ilustre,
espléndido. niaenilication s. viagniflkécheun. Amplilicacion,
exageración Itiagnilicence s. magnifisens. Magnificencia ; grandeza,
pompa, boato. :viasniiicent adj. magnifisent. Magnifico ; espléndido;
ilustre, glorioso. Klagnilicently ailv. mngnifisenlli. Masnilicamente :
con elevaciori. IVIagnilico s. viagniftco. Magnífico, grande de
Venecia. || Personaje importante en el listado. Ma^nilier s.
mágnifaieur. Panegista. II Lente, microscopio, vidrio de uinento.
Magnify (to), a. mdgnifai. p. a. Mac.mfying, p. p. Magnified.
Magnilicar, exagerar, exnliar, alabar, engrandecer. IMasnifying adj.
mágnifaiñ. Lo que aumenta ir engrandece; amplilicante.
niagniloiiuence s. maynilocuens. Altilocuencia, énfasis; m-inera
noble, ]iomposa de expresarse; estilo hinchado. II Fanfarronada.
Magniloquent adj. mognilócuent. Enfático, pretencioso.
siagniloriucntly adv. magnilócuenlli. Knlaticaniente. Magnitude s.
mngniliud. Magnitud, Importancia, elevación, brillo. || Exlension en
alto, ancho y largo. Magnolia s. magnóíia. Bot. Magnolia ; nombre de
cierto género de ¡jlantas notables por la belleza de sus liojas y llores.
Magot s. mágot. Zool. Magot, mono de r.erberla. Magotiiio s.
magólpai. Ornit. V. Magpie. Magpie s. mdgpat. Marica, picaza, urraca
; pe^a. Malialeb s. nia¡a¡eb. Mahaleb, especie de cerezo cuya fruta
da ui tinte morado y un licor fermentado parecido al Kirsch.
Mahogany s. majógani. Caoba. Uahogaiuj veneer, hoja de caoba.
Malioiueilan, ma¡óiiii(liui, itlalioiiiotan, ma]ómilan, adj. Mahometano.
.íDalioiiiftaniíiiii, ina]ómelanism., Malutnietisui, ma\ómeltsm. s.
Mahometismo. MalionictaniKC (to), a. tu ma]ómitunais. Hacer
conforme á la religion y los usos de los maliometanos Maiii s. wi'i/.
Doncella, joven. II Criada, moza, hlaid-scnuul, criada. Oid matd,
solterona. |I Hembra. || — Id. Especie de lija ó raya. .Maiden s.
médn Doncella. || Virgen. II Soltera. || Instrumento empleado por
las lavanrleras. || — adj. De joven, de viígen, virKinal, virgíneo;
puro, fresco, nuevo, iluideii-sword, espada virgen. blatden-xpeeeh,
primer discurso. .Maidenhair s. médii\er. Uot. Calantrillo. Maiden-
hcad, midii]ed, .Maidenhood, h/¿/hj«'/. 8. Doncellez; pureza,
virginidad ; el estado de al/una cosa intacta. Maidenlike adj.
viédnlaik. Virgíneo, v¡r,'inal, de joven. || Modesto, reservado, tiniiilo.
MaidcnlineMs s. viédnlines. Pudor, modesti.i, dulzura. Maidenly adj
médnli. Virgíneo, virginal. II Púdico, modc>lo. II — adv.
Modestamente, púdicamente, como una joven. Maiden-pink s.
médnpink. Bot. Clavel viisinal. Maidhood s. méd¡ud. Virginidad.
Maidpale adj. médpel. Pálido, semejante á una joven enfermi. Mail s.
mel. Cota de malla. || Mala, balija para el transporte de cartas. ||
Correo. || Despacho. Closed mail, despacho cerrado. Mail (to), a. p.
a. Mxiling. Armar, revestir ron cota de malla. || Envolver. Mailable
adj. métal/l. Que puede ser transportado por la mala. Mailed adj.
luéled. Cubierto con cota de malla, acorazado; protegido por una
cubierta de cinchas. Maíni (to , a. tu mem. p. a. Maiming, Mutilar;
estropear; privar á alguien del uso de un miembro. || Paralizar. Maini
s. mem. Pérdida del uso de un miembro; mutilación; daño ó
perjuicio causado á alguno. Maimed p. p. ó adj. mimed. Estropeado;
mutilado, truncado. Maiming p. a. mémiñ. Mutilante. || — s.
.Mutilación. Main adj. men. Mayor, principal, iraporianle. || Esencial.
|| Violento, ilainhuildiiig, edificio principal. Main bodij of an aimg, el
cuerpo jirincipal de un ejército. Main land, continente, tierra lirine.
Main ma.sl. iMar. palo mayor. Main «a//, vela mayor. Main sea, alta
mar. Main slieel, exola mayor. Main-yard, verga mayor. |¡ — s.
Grueso. || Fuerza. || La mayor parte ó la mas principal de alguna
cosa. || Océano ó alta mar. || Pareja de gallos. || Cuevano, cesto
grande. || Curso del agua, canal. || Tubo ó conducto subterráneo
para la circulación del gas. Mainland s. ménland. Continente, tierra
lirme. Mainly adv. minli. Principalmente, sobre todo. ||
Poderosamente. // maintg concerns me, eso me atañe ó me interesa
muy de cerca. .Mainpernable adj. tnénpeurnabl. Que puedo ser
puesto en libertad bajo caución. Mainpernor s. ménpeurnour. Fiador,
seguridad, caución. Mainprize (to), a. tu ménprais. Libertar bajo
canción. I| Fiar, añonar. || — s. Fianza. || Libertad bajo caución.
Maintain (to), a. tu meulén. p. a. Maintaining. Mantener, sostener. ||
Proveer. ¡I Defender. |¡ Alioaentar, hacer el gasto de aliíuna cosa. ;|
— n. Mantener, sostener also con razones. .Maintcnable adj
menténabl. Defendible, diiensable, soslenible. .Mainti*ner s.
mentémar. Protector; mantenedor, defensor; sostenedor. Maintenor
s. menlénor. VA que con dinero ayuda a otras personas á sostener
un pleito en que él no está interesado. Maintenance s. méiitenans.
Mantenimiento, alimentación, apoyo, protección, il Defensa,
justificaciou. || Duración, conservación. Maize s. mes. Dot. Maíz.
Majcíitic, mac\\éstic, .Majcstical, machtilical. ailj. Majestuoso,
augusto ; pomposo, elevado, sublimo. MajeMtícalIy adv.
machéslicaU. Majestuosamente, con dii.'nidad. MaJcNty s. vtáe.hesíi.
.Majestad, poder, soberanía. || .Majestad, titulo qae se da á los
reyes y emperadores, reinas y emperatrices. .Major adj. méchiiür.
Mayor, mas grande en nfiinero, en cantidad, en extension. II .Mayor
de edad. || s. Mayor, jefe de batallón en la infantería, y de
escuadrón en la rühalleria. || Alcalde de uní ciudad. || Mayor, la
primera proposición de un si:o;;ismo. Majoralion s. vtechorérhéun Aa
mentó, exleiHion. Major-general s. micbéir-chéne ral. .Mariscal de
campo. .Majority s. madióriíi. Maroria. || Pluralidaii, el mayor
número. í| Mayor de edad. || Sarjcntia mayor de un regimiento.
.MiíJor.Hliip s. mécUorchip. Mayoría. Make (toj, a. tu mee. p. a.
.Making. prel. p. p. .Mide. Hacer. || Crear, producir. II Fabricar;
causar, ocasionar; componer, trabajar. || Hacer, practicar. || Obligar,
forzar. || Contribuir, constituir. |l Hacer, dar el ser intehclual ó formar
algo con la imaginación. || Disponer, inclinar á. II — n. Hacerse,
volverse. || Ir, dirigirse, encaminarse á algún paraje determinado. ||
Corresponder, (oncoriíar. il Hacer de, ó hacer ei 6 lo, iin:.;ir alguna
cosa, aparentar. || Hacer ó componer obras de ima.yinacion. To
make after, apuntar, asestar. To make again, rehacer, hacer de
nuevo. To make al, arremeter. Tu make awatj, huirse, gastar; matar;
ceder. To make awcijwith, derrochar. To make angry, enfadar. To
make fur, dirigirse. To make of, sacar utilidad. To make off,
escaparse. To make out, aclarar. To make over, ceder. To make up,
acabar, recompensar; cerrar una carta. To make a doubt, dudar. To
make a figure, hacer papel de. To make a fool of, burlarse de uno.
To make liaste, darse priesa. To make account, calcular. To make
amends, indemnizar. To make light of, menospreciar. To make a
mistake, equivocarse, engañarse. To make muck of, apreciar. To
make nothing of, no sacar partido de. To make a pen, cortar una
pluma. To make clean, limpiar. To make fast, aiianzar. To make free,
libertar. To make free with, tratar sin ceremonia. To make head
against, liacer frente. To make sail, dar á la vela. To make many
words, disputarse. To make merry, divertirse. To make sure of, estar
seguro. To make after, solicitar. To make one's appeurence, parecer.
To make lore, enamorar. To make ready, preparar. To make a jest of,
poner en lidiculo. To make known, publicar. To make use, servirse.
To make water, hacer iguas, orinar. To make up to one, acercarse á
uno. To make ihe best of sacar cl mejor partido posible. To make
good, defender. To make head, avanzar. To make a shift to,
arreglarse para. To make one out of his wits, sacar a uno de sus
casillas, hacerle perder la paciencia. To make one's escape,
escaparse, evadirse. To make one's self known, darse á conocer. To
make level, allanar. To make less. adelgazar, achicar una cosa. ||
.Mar, To make fast, amarrar. To make more sail, largar veías. To
make the ¡and, tomar tierra. V, Siplemento. Make s. mec. Hi-clmra.
|| Forma, figi:ra; estructura. || Fabrica, construcción. II Compañero,
amigo, camarada. Makebate s. mékbel. Zizañero, promotor de
discusiones. >iakepeace s. mékpis» .Mediador, pacilicailor,
conciliador. .Maker s. mékcar. Hacedor, creador. II Aititice.
Fabricante. |l Autor. .Makeiihift s. mékcíiift. Expediente, lo peor.
Makeweight s. micuel. Complemento de peso, cualquiera cosa que
se ponía en la balanza para igualar el peso. .Making s. mékiñ.
Coniposiciúu, estru.tuia forma. || Poema. .tlaking-iron s. mdkiñ
aíeuru. Mar. \ Hierro de sentar.
 MAL — Í05 — MAMMIFORM Wla! 6 ninle s. mel Prefijo qne
indica un raiácler malo. Malacalune s, maiacátiun. Pavía, espofiu de
melocotón. Malacca-bean s. maláca-hin. 6ot. Nuez de caoba.
nialaeliitc s. viálacail. Malaquita ó malaqiiites, piedra de un color
verde opaco. Malaehitic adj. tnalakitic. Que se pari'ce á la nuílaijuita.
Jllalacoloi^i.st s. malacólochist. Malacúlogo, i'l que trata
especialmente de los moluscos. AlaÍHcol«>gy s. malacólochi.
Malacolosia : ramo de historia natural que trata de los moluscos.
Alalacostoiiioas adj. malacósíomeus. .Malacóstomo, que tiene las
quijadas blandas y sin dientes. Maladjustment s. maladchcusltnenl.
AjiKtaniientn malo, defectuo-ío. Alaladiiiiniiitration s.
inaladminülréchcün. Mala administración de los asuntos público^.
Malady s. máladi. Enfermedad, mal. Fi?. Lo que turba el espíritu, el
corazón. Malagiiia s. maláyma. Med. Cataplasma. Malaga n. pr.
málaga. Geog. Málaga. Malaga uine, vino de Málaga. Malasuetta
pepper s. malagiiéíapepoür. Sljlnk'Utíio, eS|.ecie de piniii nía que
sirve para dar fuerza facticia á los espirituosos y á la cerveza.
Malaiüia n. pr. maléchia. Geog. Malaca, península de la Indo-China.
Malaiiders s. mdlaiiJcürs. Vet. Ajuagas, esparavanes, enfermedad de
las bestias caballares. Malapert adj. málapmrt. Desvergonzado,
descarado; insolente, impertilUente; descomedido, mal criado. I
Malapertiy adv. málapéürlli. Descaradamente ; impertinentemente.
Malajtertness s. malapéurtnes. Insolencia; impudencia ;
impertinencia, atrevimiento. I Malaprop s. málaprop. El que emplea
mal a propósito expresiones muy buscadas. Malapropos iáv.
malapropos. Mal á propósito, i'uera de propósito. Malar adj. melar.
Perteneciente á las quijadas. Malaria s. molería. Aire malsano,
exhalación que engendra enfeimedades. Malarial, malérial ,
.Malarian, malérian, .Malarious, malerieüs. adj. Malsano, infectado,
infecto. .Matate s. mélel. Qnim. Malato. Malay s. male. Malayo.
Mala>an adj. malean. Malayo. Malcóiiroriiiation s.
malconforméchcuii. Conformación viciosa. Malcontent, malcontent.
.Malcontentea. malconténted. adj. Descontento, malcontento. || s.
.Malcontent. Individuo descoiitL-nto, que murmura contra las leyes ó
la administración. Malcontentedly adv. malconlénteili. Con
descontenlo, con disgusto, disgastadamente. Halcontentedncss s.
malconléntednes. Descomente, disgusto. Male s. mel. Macho. |l —
adj. Macho; varón, masculino. |1 Animal de Sexo masculino.
Malediction s. malidihchcun. Maldición. Malefaction s.malifákchéun.
Delito, culpa. Malefactor s. malifákléur. Malhechor; criininil, culpable.
Male-fern s. málfcurn. Rot. Helécho. Malefic adj. malí/ic. Miielico.
Malelice s. máti/is. .Malelicio ; sortilegio. Maleflcence s. maleftsens.
Maleficenria. .MalcHoent adj. maléfl.ienl. Maléfico. nalepraetico s.
malepráctis Mala conducta, ma'a dirección. .Malevolence s.
malévolens. Malevolencia ; aversion, odio. Malevolent adj.
malevolente MaléTolo; mal inlcnrionado. 1 Malevolently adv.
malcvolentli. Ma» lignamente; con odio. .Malice s. milis. .Malicia;
maldad, i malignidad, ruindad. I Malicious adj mnUrheus. Malicioso, j
moiisno; malévolo. || Juiisp. criminal, hecho con intención criminal.
Maliciously adv. malichñisli. Maliciosamente; con picardía.
Maliciousness s. malichcusnes. Malicia, malignidad, malevolencia,
maldad, perversidad; mala intención. .Malign adj. matáin. .Maligno,
malicioso ; contagioso. |1 — a. To malign. Perjudirar, difamar;
calumniar. || — n. Tener rencor. Malignancy s. malignansi.
Malignidad; malevolencia. Malignant s. malignant. Malvado, hombre
maligno. || — adj. .Maligno, maligno, maücioso. || Envidioso.
.Malignantly adv. malignantli. Malignamente. Maligner s. maláiñéur.
Detractor, difamador. II Hombre mordaz, mal intencionado. II — n.
To M\LIGNEB. MiliC. Finsir ó hacerse el m;ilo para ser dispensado de
hacer el servicio Malingerer s. maltñc\\eréur. Soldado que se hace el
malo ó prolonga iniencionadamente una enfermedad para que le
dispensen de hacer el servicio. Malingering p. a. adj. maliñchéüriñ. El
que simula una enfermedad. || Enciende, malucho, que recobra
diflcilmcnie la salud. Malignity s. malignili. Malignidad. Malignly adv.
maláinlt. Malignamenti ; por malicia. .Malison s. malisn. Maldición.
Maikin s. mokin. Escobón ó escoba para lavar. || Deshollinador de
horno. II Gorrona, mujer soez y vil ; criada sucia. .Mail s. mol. Mallo,
mazo. || Mallo, juego. Paseo público nivelado y con árboles. || — a.
To mall, golpear con mazo. Mallard s. málard. Lavanco, ánade
silvestre. || Pato doméstico. Malleability s. maliabiliti. Maleabilidad,
propiedad que poseen los metales de extenlerse bajo el martillo en
láminas mas ó menos delgadas. .Malleable adj. máliabl. Maleable,
que se puede forjar y extender á martillazos. Malleableness s.
máliablnes. Maleabilidad. .Malleate (to), a. tu máliel.' p. a.
Malleatixg, p. p. Malleated. .Martillar, forjar, trabajar á martillo;
machacar, majar. Mallealion s. maliéchetm. Acción de forgar y
extender los metales con martillo. .Mailed p. p. mold. Forjado;
machacado, majado. Mallet s. málet. Mallo, mazo, martillo. Calking-
mallet, Mar. maceta de calafate. Malleus s. viáliéus. Anat. Martillo,
uno de los huesecillos del interior del oido. II Conch. Ostra de mar
que tiene la forma de nn martillo. .Mallow, malo, .Mallows, malo. s.
Bot. .Malva, malvas, ilarsh mallow, malvavisco.Malni-bricks s.
mámbriks. Ladrillos compuestos de arena, de cal pulverizada y de
arcilla. Malni-rock s. mámroc. Geol. Nombre de una especie de
piedras, variedad dj rocas que forman parte de la serie de las cales.
.Malmsey s, mámsi. Malvasia, nombre de una especie de uva, y de
un vino espirituoso azucarado que se saca de ella. .Malope s. mélopi.
Bot. Malopa, género de plantas malváceas. .Malpigliia s. nialpif/uia.
Bot. Malpi.srnia, género de plantas iiitercsantes i que comprende la
cereza acanelada. I .Malt s. mili. Cebada preparada para la cerveza.
Pnle-malt, hez de cebada de que se extrae el principio sacarino.
Brown malt, la parte de ü rebada molida y preparada que sirve para
dar gusto á la cerveza. Black maltij roai-{ed malt, ' lo que sirve para
dar el color á la cerveza. I .Malt (to) a. tu molt. Hacer germinal la
cebada, prepararla para hacerla cerveza. ' .Malt-drink s. móU-drink.
Bebida hecha de cebada germinada. .Malt-dust s. móltdeu-it. Polvo
qne despide la cebada preparada al molerla para hacer la cerveza.
Malt-tioop s. mólt/lur. Suelo para germinar y secar cebada. Malt!ia s.
malza. Una e.spejie de betún heiho con pez y cera. Malt-liorse s.
máll-\ors. Caballo empleado para mac'iacar la cebada. || Zote, voz
de desprecio ; paleto. .Malt-liouse s. mólt-]aus. La casa ó paraje
donde se prepara y guarda el grano de cebada para hacer la
cerveza. .Malt-kiln s. mótt-kil. Horno para secar la cebada
germinada. .tlalt-liquor s. mólllikeur. Cerveza, hebilla prciiarada con
cebada. .Maltliusian adj. malliúchan. Maltusiano, que se reliere á los
principios de .Mallhiis. II — s. Discípulo de Malthus. Malting s. mólliñ.
.\ccion de preparar la cebada con que se fabrica la cerveza. .Malt-
nian, móltman. Maltster, móltsiéur. s. El que pasa y dispone la
cebada para hacer la cerveza. Malt-niill s. móll mii. Molino para
moler la lebada germinada. Jlaltreat (to' a. tu maltril. Maltratar, tratar
groseramente ó con dureza; bruinlizar, ultrajar Maltreated p. p,
maltriled. Maltratado, brntalizado, ultrajado. Maltreating p. a.
maltritiñ.E\ que maltrata ó ultraja. .Maltreatment s. mallritment.
.Maltratamiento ; dureza, brutalidad, ultraje. .Malva s. malva. Bot.
Malva. Malvaceous adj. malvéc\\cusi. Bot. Malváceo, perteneciente á
la maiva. .Malversation s.malverséchéu.n.'SUXversacion, mala
administración, prevaricación, conducta, corrupción ó extorsión en
las funciones públicas. Mam, mam, .Mamma, mama. % Mamá,
expresión familiar de que se sirven los niños en vez de la palabra
m»' ther, madre. Mamaluke ó Manieinke s. mi^ meliuk. .Mameluco,
nombre dado eí Egipto á una fuerza militar que fué destruida en i8ll.
Mammal s. mámal, pl. Mamniala Mamífero, un animal que da de
mamare sus pequeñuelos. .Mammalia s. pl. mamélia. Mamife* ros ;
una clase de animales que da dt mamar á sus pequeñuelos.
.Mammalian adj. mamélian. Mamlfei'o. .Manimaliferoiis adj.
mamaliféüreus. Geol. Mamalifero, se dice de las capas que contienen
restos de mamíferos. .Mammalogist s. mamálochist. Mamalogjsta,
naturalista que se ocupa especialmente de los mamíferos.
.Vlaninialogy s. mamálodu. .Mamaloeia; ramo de la historia natural
que trata de los animales raainií'eros. .Mammary adj mámari.
.Mamario. Mammea'tcd adj. mámiled. .Mamífero, qje tiene mamas ó
tetas. nauínic s. mánii. Bot. Mamey, árbol frutal de la América
tropical. Mammer (tu) n. tu máméíir. p. a. Mammeriníí, p. p.
M^MMEnED. Vacilar, no saber qué decir. .Mamniet s. mámet.
Muñeca, títere, nnñecn. .Mammifer s. mimiféür. Zool. Mamífero,
animal provisto de mamas ó tetas para dar de mamar á la cria.
.Mammiferous adj. mamifeuréíts. Maiiiifero, que liení tetas.
.Mammiform adj. mámiform. Lo que tiene la tiguia de mamillas ó
tetas.
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accurate

MAMMILLATED — 403 — MANGOOSE Maniiiiillaled &dj.

mámilctcd. Lo que tiene tetas ó pequeñas protuberancias en forma
«le tetas. nianiiiiillary adj. mamilari. Anat. Manillar, lo que se rcllere á
las mamas 6 telas. Alaiiiiiiock (to), a. tu mámok. p. a. Mammíji KiNO,
p. p. .Mammocked. Despedazar, h;icer pedrizos. niaiiiiiiock s.
mámoc. Pedazo grande de aljíuna cosa. ¡llaiiiiiion s. mámon. El dios
de las riquezas. IllaiiiiiionÍ!4( s. mámonisl. Adorador ilel Becerro de
oro. || Hombre ávido, interesado. niaiiiiiiotli s. mámoz. I^spccic de
elefante extin^juida ya hoy dia. || M.^m MOTii-TEKTri, los huesos ó
dicnles petrilirados de osle animal. Man 8. mati. \)\. Men. Hombre,
animal r.irionul; bajo esta acepción se coniprindc todo el .género
humano ; persona del género masculino. || Servidor, criado del sexo
masculino || Voz familiar con que se dirige la palabra á alguno. ||
Hombre rico. II Marido. || Peon, una de las piezas del ajedrez. II To
study men, estudiar Á los hombres. To come lo man's eslnle, llegarj.i
la edad viril. He is grown a man, es ya un hombre hecho. A good
man, un hombre de bien. The king is bul a man, el rey no es mas
que un hombre. Between man and man, de hombie á hombre. To be
one's own man, no depender mas que de si, ser independiente. A
man is not alwai/s master of his own temper, uno no pueile
dominarse siempre á íI mismo. / love him beyond any man, le amo
mas que á otro cualquiera. Tiicy know their men, ellos saben con
quien tienen que habérselas. That speculation made a man of him,
esa especulación ha hecho su fortuna, le ha hecho rico. !| — War.
Barco, buque, navio. A merchuntsman, un navio mercante. To a
man, hasta el último. niau (to) a. tu man. p. a. M.^nmng, p. p.
Manned. Guarnecer de hombres, con tropas. To man a town, poner
guarnición en una ciudad. To man a fleet, equipar una ilota, una
armada. || Forlilicar, animar; To man oneself, armarse de valor. II
Mar. Tripular, poner gente en. To man the yards, hacer arreglar la
gente sobre las vergas para poder maniobrar con las velas. || Armar.
To man the pump, armar, preparar la bomba. 1| Adestrar, amaestrar.
Ulan en composición, ilan-eater, antropófago, caribe, ilan-friday,
criado que sirve para todo. Man-hater, misántropo ; el que aborrece
á los hombres, ilan-hole, Maq. de vap, agujero de hombre, trampa
por donde puede pasar un hombre de un compartimento A otro de
la máquina. Man-hunlcr, cazador de hombres. .)/««killer, homicida,
asesino. Mankilling _3esiiio, homicida, ilan-midwife, partero. Man-
milliner, hombre que hace modas. Man-plcaser. hombre que agrada á
Jos demás. Man-servant, criado. Manslaijer, matador de hombres,
houiicida. ilan-stealcr, robador de hombres, negrero. Man-worship,
culto de un liumbre, divinización de un ser humano. ülanaclc s.
mánacl. Manilla, el anillo de hierro que se echa á las muñecas : pl.
Esposas. Mauaclc (to), a. tu Wfl«aV/.p. a. Manacling, p. p. Manacled
Ponerlas exponas, atar, encadenor ; restringir. J| Maniatar. Manaclctl
p. p. y adj. manácld. Atado, li..;ado, encadenado. Alanaj^e (to) a. tu
tnánech. p. a. MaKACiNG, p p. MANAi.tD. Conducir, dirigir, llevar,
gobernar, regir. To manage abusiness, conducir un negocio. To
manage a company, a bank, a theatre, dirigir una sociedad, un
banco, un teatro. To manage a pen, sword, suhject, temper, manejar
una pluma, una espada, un asunto, un carácter. || Tratar con
prudencia. We manage disputes of this kind as if, tratamos estas de
disputas com» si... |i Arreglarse para, venir á cabo de. To know how
to manage it, saber arreglarse. He tMnaged so well that he has
succeded. lo ha hecho tan bien, que al fin lo logri. Manage it as you
can, arréglese Vd. como pue la. He managed to decide in favour of
both parties, sc arregló Ian bien, que halló modo para que las dos
parles ganasen la causa. .1laiiajs;e s. mánech. Manejo, roiaera de
tratar, de conducir, de íiirlgir; conducta, gestión, administración,
dirección, gobierno. |I pl. combinaciones, iniriga, transaeion.
IMana;;cal»le adj. mánechabl. De uso fácil, ni:incj:ible, tratable,
dócil. M:iii:t;;caltlcnei>
 MANGROVE - 407 — MANTUA Mangrove s. máiigrov. Dot.
Manglet árbol. Mansy adj. ménchi. Sarnoso, inTectado de la sarna.
Manhood s. mán'\ud. Virilidad, edad viril. I! Fuerza, valor. .Wania s.
menta. Mcd. Manía, locura. Manía apota, manía que proviene de
exceso de bebida, el diliriuní tremens. .Ylaniac adj. méniac. Maniaco,
loco furioso, rabioso. ülaníac s. méniac. hoco, el que tiene una
mania. Maniacal adj. manáiacal. Loco, furioso, rabioso. Maniacally
adv. manáiacali. Maniaticaniciiti.', romo un loco. ^lanicliean adj.
manikian. Maniqueo, que se reliere á los Maniqueos. || — adj.
Mamchee. Maniqueo. Mantclieisiii s. manikéism. Maniquismo. la
herejía de los .Manqueos. .llaniclieií^t adj. V. Manii iiean. Maniciiord
s. mánicord, .Manikordon, nianuórdon. Manicordio, inslrumento
músico parecido al clave ó clavicordio. ^lanicon s. mánicon. Bol.
especie de Ti-rba mora. Manifest adj. manifest. ManiGesto, que no
es oscuro; cLro, aparente, visible, notorio, evidt'iite. que saltad la
vista, palpable. Ilts ill will was manifest. Su ma'a voluntad era
maniliesta. || — s. Com. Maniliesto, declaración de mercancías
importadas ó exportadas, que debe exliibirso en las oflcinas de las
aduanas. ManiTes^t, ^to, , a. tu manifest, p. a. M.vMFESTiNG, p. p.
Manifested. Manifes tar, iMcer público, patente; bucer ver, dcmosirar,
decla'ar. Hanifestublc adj. maniféslabl. Que puede h iceise eviilente.
Manifcittation s. manifeslécbéün. Manifostaciin, la acción de
descubrir lo que es secreto, desapercibido : demostración evidente,
exposición. 91anire!>(ed p, p. manifested. Manifestado; descubierto;
visible. Manifcstilile adj. maniféstibl. Que puede ponerse en
evidencia. Manifesting p. a. mánifestiñ. Manifestante. Manifestly adv.
mánifestli. Manifiestamente, claramente, de una manera evidente,
clara. Maniíestness s. mánifestnes. Evidencia paljiable, manifiesta.
Manire.. p. y adj. manipiu- ¡ leted. Manipulado, trabajado, operado
con las manos Manipulative adj. manipiulaíiv. Lo que se reliere á, 6
se lleva á cabo con una manipulación. Manipulation s.
manipiulécháln. Manipulación. Manipulator s. manipiuletñir.
Manipulador, el que manipula. Manitruuk s. mánilrunk. El segmento
del cuerpo de un insecto que tiene alas 6 miembros que
corresponden á las patas de lantaras de los cuadrúpedos. Mankind s.
mancáind. Género humano humanidad, raza, especie humana. jj
Hombre, varón en la especie humana. 11 — adj. Que tiene la forma
de on hombre, varón, viril. .Manks s. manks. Manks, el lenguaje,
antiguo de la isla de .Man. Manlike adj. viánluik. De hombre, viril,
bravo, animoso. Manliness s. mánlines. Dignidad, cualidades de
hombre, valor, bravura, intrepidez; valentía, biio. Manly adj. máuli.
Varonil. || Valiente; noble, viril, lirme, lleno de dignidad , mjjestuoso.
¡lanly woman , marimacho. || — adv. Varonilmente, virilmente,
valientemente. .Manna s. mana. Maná. || Slangla, licor ó goma que
se usa como purgante. Manna in flakes, in tears, maná en lágrimas.
Miinnacroup s. minacrup. Sémola de llusia. .«anued p. p. mand.
Previsto de tiopas; guardado, defendido por tropas; fortificado; Mar.
equipado, armado. Manner s. manear. .Manera; modo. [| Género. Il
Ademan. || Práctica, costumbre- II Especie. || — pl. Manners,
maneras, modales, urbanidad. In litis manner, after this or that
manner, así, de este modo. In the same manner as, asi como, de la
misma manera que. According to this manner, de esta manera. Tlie
manner in which, el modo en que. Paul, as his manner was, Pablo,
como era su costumbre. Alt manner of fruit, of things, toda especie
de frutas, de cosas. In a manner, hasta cierto punto. II — pl. Good
manners, buenas maneras, modales. Ill manners, m-jías maneras,
grosería; mal tono; malas costumbres. / will teach you better
manners, yo le enseñaré á Vd. á vivir. Mauners make the man, se
puede juzgar á un hombre por sus modales. To corrupt, to reform
manners, corromper, reformar las costumbres. .Planner (to), a. tu
máneur. Formar, instruir en las buenas maneras. Mannered adj.
máneurd. Bien educado, bien criado, de buenos modales, de buen
tono. /// mannered, descortes. Mannerism s. máncurism.
Uniformidad de maneras; amanerado, género lleno de afectación, de
manera. .Mannerist s. máncurisl. Artista que ejecu'.a todas sus obras
de la misma manera, amanerado. Mannerliness s. mánéurlines.
Urbanidad, cortes! I, cortesanía, política. .Mannerly adj. máncürli.
Politico, cortes, bien criado. Mannerly adv. mánéUrli. Politicamente,
cortesmente. Manncrs-bit s. mánéürs-bit. Porción que un huésped
deja de un plato para indicar que le han dado bastante. Manning p.
a. mániñ. Fortilii-ando, guarneciendo de tropas, equipando, armjnilo.
II — adj. Que fortificj, guarnece. Mannish adj. Ma»/ch. Masculino,
que tiene trazas de honibre. i| Atrevido, impudente. || Hombruno,
varonil. .Manuite s. mánait. Quim. Manila : especie de azúcar
cristalizado que se extrae de maná. Manoeuvre s. maniiveHr.
Maniobra : conducta, dirección : evolución, movimiento hecho con
destreza, sobre todo en un ejército 6 una armada : manejo operado
con destreza ó con fin malicioso. .Mantpuvrc (lO,, n. tu manúicür. p.
a. Mascevrisc, p. p. Manosvked. Maniobrar; cambiar las posiciones
entre Its tropas ó en una ilota con intención áe atacar ó defenderle.
||— a. Hacer maniobrar : hacer cambiar de posición á tropas ó
buques. Man-of-Btravr s. mán-of-slro. Hoi»bre de poja, maniquí;
persona sin valor. persona que no figura mas quede nombre en una
cosa. Man-of-war s. mán-of-uor. Bar. Buque de guerra. Man-of-Avar-
bird s. mán-of-itorbéürd. Orn. Fragata; pájaro grande de las regiones
tropicales, con plumaje negro, y de la familia del pelícano. Man-of-
war's-nian s. má*-9fuors-man. Mar. Marinero de la marina miliiar.
nanometer s. manomiteür. Fis. Manómetro, instrumento que sirve
par» dar á conocer la fuerza elástica del gas y de los vapores.
Manonietrical adj. manométricoL Maaométrico. Manon s. ménon.
Genero de loóCto~. Manor s. máneur. Señorío, casa de un feudo,
palacio señorial. Manor-hou.se, mdneur-'¡aus, .Manor-seat, s.
mdncürsit. Casa señorial, la habitación que forma parle de un
d»minio ; casa solariega. Manorial adj. manorial. Señorial, 10 que
pertenece al señor de vasallos é de un feudo. .Manoscope s.
manóscop. V. .MasoMETER. Mansard-roof s. mánsard-ruf. Tecke de
boíadiUa. Manse s. mans. PresbiteriT, cas» rectoral, morada del
párroco. Ij Cortijo, granja, qjinta, alquería, hacienda. || Slarada,
residencia. Mansion s. máncheun. Casa, habitación; morada,
residencia, casa señorial, palacio. Mansíonary adj. mánchéuuarL Que
reside, residente. Man.tiion-house s- máncheun-;»iu. Domicilio : la
casa en que se vive; casa habitada ; palacio del lord mayor de
Londres. Mansionry s. mdnchéünri. Residencia, morada.
Manslaughter, s. manslóteur. Homicidio casual, aunque con alguna
falu por parte del que le comete; homicidio. Mantcau s. manto.
Capa. Mantel s. mdntl. V. Mantle. Mantelet ó .«lantlet mantlet. Mx^
teleta, capotillo. Furtif. .Mantelete, especie de parapeto movible.
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