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22 Jquery1

jQuery is a JavaScript library that simplifies HTML document traversal, event handling, animating, and Ajax interactions. It allows you to write less code and do more. jQuery selectors allow you to identify DOM elements in simpler ways than traditional DOM methods. jQuery objects wrap DOM elements and provide additional methods for traversing, manipulating, and updating the DOM tree.

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Lucas Lima Melo
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69 views

22 Jquery1

jQuery is a JavaScript library that simplifies HTML document traversal, event handling, animating, and Ajax interactions. It allows you to write less code and do more. jQuery selectors allow you to identify DOM elements in simpler ways than traditional DOM methods. jQuery objects wrap DOM elements and provide additional methods for traversing, manipulating, and updating the DOM tree.

Uploaded by

Lucas Lima Melo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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jQuery

CS 380: Web Programming

What is jQuery?
jQuery

is a fast and concise


JavaScript Library that simplifies
HTML document traversing, event
handling, animating, and Ajax
interactions for rapid web
development. (jQuery.com)

Why learn jQuery?


Write

less, do more:

$
("p.neat").addClass("ohmy").show("s
low");
Performance
Plugins
Its

standard
and fun!

Example: Show/Hide
Button

window.onload
We

cannot use the DOM before


the page has been constructed.
jQuery gives us a more
compatibile way to do this.
window.onload
The DOM
way

= function() { // do stuff with th

$(document).ready(function()
{ // do
The direct
jQuery translation

The jQuery$(function()
way

stuff with th

{ // do stuff with the DOM });

Aspects of the DOM and


jQuery
Identification:how

do I obtain a
reference to the node that I want.
Traversal:how do I move
around the DOM tree.
Node Manipulation:how do I
get or set aspects of a DOM node.
Tree Manipulation:how do I
change the structure of the page.

The DOM tree

Selecting groups of DOM objects


name

description

getElementById

returns array of descendents


with the given tag, such
as"div"

getElementsByTagName

returns array of descendents


with the given tag, such
as"div"

getElementsByName

returns array of descendents


with the givennameattribute
(mostly useful for accessing
form controls)

querySelector*

returns the first element that


would be matched by the
given CSS selector string

querySelectorAll*

returns an array of all


elements that would be
matched by the given CSS

jQuery node identification


// id selector
var elem = $("#myid");
// group selector
var elems = $("#myid, p");
// context selector
var elems = $("#myid < div p");
// complex selector
var elems = $("#myid < h1.special:not(.classy)");

jQuery Selectors
http://api.jquery.com/category/sel

ectors/

jQuery / DOM comparison


DOM method

jQuery equivalent

getElementById("id")

$("#id")

getElementsByTagName("tag") $("tag")
getElementsByName("somena
me")

$("[name='somename']")

querySelector("selector")

$("selector")

querySelectorAll("selector")

$("selector")

Exercise
Use

jQuery selectors to identify elements


with these properties in a hypothetical page:
Allptags that have no children, but only if they
don't have a class ofignore
Any element with the text "REPLACE_ME" in it.
Alldivtags with a child that has a class ofspecial
All heading elements (h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6)
Every other visibleli.

Use

the DOM API to target the#squareand


periodically change it's position in a random
direction.
Use jQuery selectors instead of the DOM API.

jQuery terminology
the

jQuery function

refers to the global jQuery object or the $


function depending on the context
a

jQuery object

the object returned by the jQuery function


that often represents a group of elements
selected

elements

the DOM elements that you have selected


for, most likely by some CSS selector
passed to the jQuery function and possibly
later filtered further

The jQuery object


The$function

always (even for ID selectors)


returns an array-like object called a jQuery
object.
The jQuery object wraps the originally
selected DOM objects.
You can access the actual DOM object by
accessing the elements of the jQuery object.
// false
document.getElementById("id") == $("#myid");
document.querySelectorAll("p") == $("p");
// true
document.getElementById("id") == $("#myid")[0];
document.getElementById("id") == $("#myid").get(0);
document.querySelectorAll("p")[0] == $("p")[0];

Using $ as a wrapper
$adds

extra functionality to DOM


elements
passing an existing DOM object
to$will give it the jQuery
upgrade
// convert regular DOM objects to a jQuery object
var elem = document.getElementById("myelem");
elem = $(elem);
var elems = document.querySelectorAll(".special");
elems = $(elems);

DOM context identification


You

can
usequerySelectorAll()andquerySelector()o
n any DOM object.
When you do this, it simply searches from
that part of the DOM tree downward.
Programmatic
equivalent of a CSS context
var
list = document.getElementsByTagName("ul")[0];
varselector
specials = list.querySelectorAll('li.special');

find/ context parameter


jQuery

gives two identical ways


to do contextual element
var
identification
elem = $("#myid");
// These are identical
var specials = $("li.special", elem);
var specials = elem.find("li.special");

Types of DOM nodes

<p>

This is a paragraph of text with a


<a href="/path/page.html">link in it</a>.
</p>

Traversing the DOM tree


name(s)

description

firstChild, lastChild

start/end of this node's


list of children

childNodes

array of all this node's


children

nextSibling,
previousSibling

neighboring nodes with


the same parent

parentNode

the element that


contains this node

complete list of DOM node properties


browser incompatiblity information (IE6 sucks)
CS380

19

DOM tree traversal


example
<p id="foo">This is a paragraph of text with a
<a href="/path/to/another/page.html">link</a>.</p>
HTML

CS380

20

Elements vs text nodes


<div>
<p>
This is a paragraph of text with a
<a href="page.html">link</a>.
</p>
</div>

HTML

Q:

How many children does the div above


have?
A: 3
an element node representing the <p>
two text nodes representing "\n\t"
(before/after the paragraph)
Q:

How many children does the


paragraph have? The a tag?

21

jQuery traversal methods


http://api.jquery.com/category/tra

versing/

jQuery tutorials
Code

Academy

http
://www.codecademy.com/courses/youand-jquery/0?curriculum_id=4fc3018
f74258b0003001f0f#!/
exercises/0
Code

School:

http://
www.codeschool.com/courses/jquery-airfirst-flight

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