QUARTER 3

Installation of applications software

with different variations
 Carry out variation to application
software installation
LEARNING OBJECTIVE/S:

 Identify the variations in application software

installation.
 Enumerate different types of carrying out

variations to application software installation.

SYSTEM APPLICATION
OS WORD
UTILITIES EXCEL
POWERPOINT

BIOS FIREFOX
FIRMWARE SPOTIFY
UEFI CHROME
PROG. LANG TRANSLATOR GOGGLE MEET

DEVICE DRIVERS VLC MEDIA PLAYER

Identify the software to be installed
 SOFTWARE- is a set of instructions that control
computer hardware operations. Basically it direct the
computer how to perform tasks. It also called Program
 Software drives hardware to perform certain functions.

Without software the computer is useless.

 A software consists of programs and associated
data(information) stored in the computer.
 A program is a set of instructions that the computer

follows to manipulate data. Without programs, a

computer is just a lot of high-tech hardware that
doesn’t do anything
Types of Computer Software
 SOFTWARE can be divided into two groups

 1. System software is a program designed to

run a computer's hardware and applications
and manage its resources, such as its
memory, processors, and devices. It also
provides a platform for running application
software, and system software is typically
bundled with a computer's operating system. 
The system software is basically a software
that enables the application software to
interact with computer and helps the
computer manage its internal as well as
external resources. System software is
needed to run the application software
Examples of Systems software:

 1. Operating System
Operating systems are the most important
type of system software. An operating system
is a software that controls how your hardware
works, which means it manages the
computer's memory, processes, and all of its
software and hardware. 
2.Device Drivers
 Device drivers are tiny programs that enable a

computer to communicate with its hardware

devices, such as printers, scanners, and
keyboards. Without device drivers, the
hardware you connect to your computer will
not be working properly.
3. Firmware
 Firmware is a type of software that is

embedded in a hardware device. It controls

the device and performs its essential
functions. Firmware is usually stored in read-
only memory (ROM), which means it cannot
be modified or deleted. 
4. BIOS and UEFI
 BIOS (basic input/output system) is a

firmware code that is executed when a

computer is powered on. It performs a
power-on self-test (POST) and initializes the
computer before loading the operating
system. The BIOS is stored in a ROM (read-
only memory) chip on the motherboard.
 UEFI (unified extensible firmware interface) is
a newer type of firmware that offers more
features than BIOS. UEFI is designed to be
platform-independent and can be used with a
variety of operating systems. UEFI also
supports a larger boot volume than BIOS and
can boot from devices with a 2TB or more
capacity.
5. Programming Language Translator

 Programming language translators are programs

that convert code written in one programming
language into another programming language.
 programming languages are designed to be read

and understood by computers, not humans.

6. Utilities
 Utilities are programs that help maintain and

optimize a computer's performance. 

 Examples of utility programs include file

managers, virus scanners, and disk

defragmenters. 
2. Application Software

 Application software is a type of software that

is designed to perform a specific task or
tasks. Examples of application software
include word processors, spreadsheet
programs, and database programs.
 Thus, application Software is also known as

end-user software or productivity software.

 There are many application software, each
designed for a specific purpose. Some
common examples include word processors,
spreadsheet programs, and presentation
softwares. Each application software type has
unique features and functions, making it
better suited for specific tasks than others.
Difference Between System Software and Application Software

 System software is designed to provide a

platform for other software programs to run.
Application software is a type of software that
is designed to perform a specific task or set
of functions. 
 System software is typically installed onto a

computer before any application software is

installed, and application software is
generally installed after the system software
is installed.
 1. What is a computer software?
 2.What are the two types of software and

give 3 examples each

 3. What is the difference between application

and systems software?

INSTALLING SOFTWARES
How to install software
 The installation process for software or apps depends
on your operating system (Windows and macOS),
device (computer, smartphone, or tablet), and the
program you are installing.
General tips

 Ensure your computer meets the system

requirements of the program, game, or utility you are
attempting to install.
 The manual, or a README file, usually contains

instructions on how to install a program. Find it online

at the software website or in a text file in the same 
directory as the installation files.
 If you have problems installing software or it takes a
long time, close or disable any other running programs.
 After installing a new program, if it prompts you

to reboot the computer, do so.

 Many computer games are downloaded and managed

through digital distribution platforms like Steam

Microsoft Windows users

 How to install from a CD or DVD.

 How to install from a download.
 How to install from a distribution platform.
 How to install from a USB flash drive.
How to install from a CD or DVD

 Many software titles (like the Microsoft Office suite),

games, and utilities have an AutoPlay feature. This
feature automatically starts a setup screen for the
software when the CD or DVD is inserted. If your
program contains this feature, follow the steps that
appear after inserting the disc into the computer.
If AutoPlay is disabled on your computer or unavailable
on the software disc, follow these steps.
 Open My Computer.
 In the My Computer window, open the drive containing

the installation files. For example, if the files are on the

CD-ROM drive, open the D: drive or letter of your CD-
ROM drive.
In the drive containing your files,
locate either the executable setup (e.g.,
"setup.exe") or the install file.  Double-
clicking this file starts the installation
process. If there are multiple setup or
install files, locate the executable file
or double-click each setup or install
file until you find the file that starts
the installation.
Tip
Often, the icons associated with the installation files have
the same name.
Install a CD on a computer with no disc drive

 Many new computers no longer have disc drives. If

your computer does not have a disc drive, try finding
the software online. Computer drivers, software for
hardware devices, games, and other programs are
available for download and installed from a download.
It doesn't matter where you get the program if you have
the product key.
 If the program is unavailable for download, copy all the
CD or DVD contents to another drive on another
computer. For example, you could copy the disc's
contents to a USB flash drive and then install the
program from the USB flash drive.
How to install from a Download

 Tip
 Download the program from the website providing the

program.
 Open the download folder.
 If the file you downloaded is executable, double-click

the file icon to start the setup process. If the

downloaded file is compressed (e.g., .zip), you must
extract the file's contents before setup can begin.
Fortunately, this function is built into most versions
of Windows.
 Once the files are extracted, double-click the setup or

install file to install the program.

How to install from a distribution platform

 Download and install the distribution platform required

for the game. If you're unsure which distribution
platform is required, Steam is a good starting point.
 Once installed, search the store for the game you want

to install.
 If the game is not free, it must be purchased.
 Choose the option to install the game.
Note
 Once a game has been installed to your digital

distribution platform account, it remains part of that

account. If you need to recover disk space, any game
and installed can be uninstalled and reinstalled as often
as you desire.
How to install from a USB flash drive

 Open Windows Explorer or My Computer and find the

USB drive that is often the last drive letter.
 Once the drive is opened, find the setup or executable

file, and double-click the file icon to start the setup

process.
Installing from MS-DOS or the Windows command line

 Users installing a program from Microsoft DOS should

have a basic understanding of the MS-DOS commands.
 Before installing an MS-DOS program, you must

switch to the drive or directory containing the

installation files
 If you're installing a program from a CD or diskette,
switch to that drive. If the installation files are located
in a different directory, use the dir command to list
directories and the cd command to switch directories.
 Once you are in the directory or drive
containing the installation files, run the
executable setup file. Often this can be done
by typing setup or install at the prompt to
start the installation. If both commands give
a bad command or file name error message,
type dir *.exe or dir *.com or dir *.bat.
 These commands list any executable files
found in the directory or drive. If any files are
listed, execute these files to run the
installation or setup of the program. If no
files are listed when typing all three
commands above, you're in the incorrect 
directory or drive letter for that program.
 END
SOFTWARE UPDATES
4.3 Access software updates in accordance
with manufacturer’s recommendations and
requirements
 4.4 Install software updates in accordance

with manufacturer’s recommendations and

requirements
An introduction to software updates
(and why they matter)
 Software updates are everywhere around us,
from our phones offering us security and new
features to our laptop or smart TV annoying
us at the worst moment. Yet, they matter
more than you might think!
 With more and more connected devices
around us, the chance that you've been hit by
an update notification is high. But what do
these software updates do? How do they
actually work, and why are they important?
What is software update and what does it do

 A software update (also known as patch) is a

set of changes to a software to update, fix or
improve it. Changes to the software will
usually either fix bugs, fix security
vulnerabilities, provide new features or
improve performances and usability.
Infrequently, patches may also be used to
limit functionality, remove or disable
features.
 Depending on the software, updates can
either be installed manually or automatically
if the device is connected to the internet and
has the appropriate capabilities (for instance,
an Android phone that updates its software
on its own). Software updates are particularly
important when applied to the Operating
System given the reliance of other software
(such as apps or drivers) on it.
 For example, a major release of an Operating
System such as Android or iOS might render a
number of apps obsolete, if all version
released after the update aren't compatible
with the previous version of the OS. This
could prevent people from accessing
important services as illustrated with some
covid-19 track and track apps which were
only compatible with specific versions of iOS
and Android.
 From a security standpoint, software updates
have important implications. When an update
includes a fix for security vulnerabilities, any
device running an out-of-date version of the
software is particularly vulnerable. This
allows malicious actors to know what
vulnerabilities exist on a given system and,
consequently, puts devices running this
software (version) more at risk.
 For example, using an outdated version of
Android (such as version 4) means that all the
security vulnerabilities spotted and fixed in
following versions still exist on any device
that uses the older version 4.
 Lack of software update might also have a
negative impact on a device's functionalities
for example by making some its function
obsolete (e.g.: a browser that do not support
the latest security protocols and therefore
can't display websites properly). It might also
mean that identified bugs and problem might
never be fixed (e.g.: poor battery).
 Current market practices don't impose
minimum software support for a device or
software version on release, meaning a device
can be produced, released and sold while
embeding an outdated Operating System or
without offering regular software updates.
 This fundamentally allow manufacturers to
sell devices that might become outdated and
vulnerable within a couple of month of their
release. This is a practice that's regularly
observed which puts users' security and
privacy at a very high risk.
5 Reasons why software updates are important?

 Software updates are necessary to keep

computers, mobile devices and tablets
running smoothly -- and they may lower
security vulnerabilities.
 While threat actors continue to come up with

new methods to steal information and gain

access to systems, there are some simple,
preventative measures to help stop them.
Updating software is one such layer of
protection.
Here are some reasons to consider
software updates as soon as possible
 1. Patch security flaws
 Security is the No. 1 reason to update

software immediately. Software vulnerabilities

enable cybercriminals to access a person's
computer. Threat actors see these
vulnerabilities as open doors, enabling them
to plant malware on people's systems.
2. Get new features

 Installing updates may add new features and

remove old ones that are no longer
necessary. Technology is constantly
changing, and updates offer the latest
features and improvements.
3. Protect data

If a threat actor gets in through a software

security flaw, they will search for personal
data such as financial information,
passwords, usernames or other documents
with sensitive information.
 Threat actors access personal accounts and

sell sensitive information on the dark web.

Updating software to improve security
vulnerabilities enables data to be better
protected.
4. Improve performance
 Not all patches are security related. Software
vendors may find bugs in a program or need
to make necessary enhancements to a
program. These patches help improve the
performance of the software.
5. Ensure compatibility

 Software manufacturers send updates to

ensure their software is compatible with the
latest technology. Without updates, older
software may not be able to work with newer
technology.
 What is software updates?
 What are the 5 Reasons why do we need to

update our software?

 Why is it important to a computer user?
Assessment
 1. Explain briefly your understanding what is
software updates and why is it important?

 2. What are the 5 reasons why do we need to

update our software?
Definition of Terms
 Virtualization-is the creation of a virtual --
rather than actual -- version of something,
such as an operating system (OS), a server, a
storage device or network resources.

 Virtual-a digitally replicated version of

something real
Software Virtualization – How it Works, Types, Advantages

 The software virtualizations are

basically used to emulate a complete
computer system and it further allows
the operating system to run.
What is Software Virtualization?

 Insoftware virtualizations, an
application will be installed which will
perform the further task. One software
is physical while others are virtual as it
allows 2 or more operating system
using only one computer.
 Virtualizationrelies on software to
simulate hardware functionality and
create a virtual computer system. This
enables IT organizations to run more
than one virtual system – and multiple
operating systems and applications –
on a single server.
Avirtual machine is a program you
run on a computer that acts like it is a
separate computer. It is basically a
way to create a computer within a
computer.
Asingle physical computer can run
multiple virtual machines at the same
time. Often a server will use a
program called a hypervisor to
manage multiple virtual machines that
are running at the same time.
 Hypervisor is the software that
creates and run virtualization.
 It allocates the sharing of machine

resources such as RAM, CPU and

Storage space
Benefits of Software Virtualization
 Testing
 It
is easier to test the new operating
system and software on VMs as it does
not require any additional hardware
and the testing can do within the
same software. After the testing, the
VM can move or delete for the further
testing.
 Utilization
 In software virtualization, there is
higher efficiency in resource utilization
if it tunes correctly. The VM can modify
as per the requirement such as the user
can modify ram, drive space, etc. It
requires very less amount of hardware
as compared to the equivalent number
of physical machines.
 Efficient
 It
is efficient in a way such that it can
run 12 virtual machines and
eliminates the use of 12 physical
boxes. This is the power cost as well
as the cost of maintaining the server.
 Less Downtime
 The software is upgrading and the

upgrade in the VMs can do when the

VM is working. VM can modify when it
is working or it is not working which
means that the downtime of it is very
less.
 Flexible

It provides flexibility to the user

so that the user can modify the
software as per their demand. The
modification can do within
minutes and can adjust easily
when the workload changes.
 Secure
 It can protect with many viruses.
Moreover, there are several
firewalls which prevent hacking
and virus. The data in the
software virtualization is safe as it
stores in several different places
so if the disaster takes place the
data can retrieve easily.
How Software Virtualization in Cloud Computing Works?
 1. Backup
 With the help of software

virtualization, the entire operating

system or server installation can be
backed up. This also benefits in a way
that if the new server hack just
restoring the previous version will
allow running the server.
 2. Run multiple operating systems
 The different operating system can

use in a single computer with the

partition in the hard drive. The only
thing to keep in mind is to keep a
snapshot of everything. If the data
drowns, it can retrieve from some
other place.
 3.Running a different version of
applications
 With the help of software virtualization

new as well as the old operating

system can use. So a program, if it is
not working on a particular operating
system, we can check it on another
one.
 4. Templates
 After the configuration of VM as per

the demand, it can convert into a

template and this template can use to
make multiple copies of the original
one.
Types of Software Virtualization

 Operating System Virtualization

 Application Virtualization
 Service Virtualization
 i.Operating System Virtualization
 In operating system virtualization, the

hardware is used which consists of

software on which different operating
systems work. Here, the operating
system does not interfere with each
other so that each one of them works
efficiently.
 ii.Application Virtualization
 Application virtualization is a

technology, encapsulates the

computer program within the
operating system. It can say that
application virtualizations refer to
running an application on a thin client.
iii. Service Virtualization

 In the service virtualization, the

DevOps team can use the virtual
servers rather than the physical
one. It emulates the behaviour of
essential components which will
be present in the final production
environment.
 Withthe help of Software
virtualizations, it is easier to set new
virtual servers which benefit both the
customer and the host. It also
eliminates the workload of
management as it can do virtually.
Moreover, it helps to measure and
monitor the usage and saves time.
What Is a Device Driver?
  Device driver is a small piece
of software that tells the operating
system and other software how to
communicate with a piece
of hardware.
 Forexample, printer drivers tell the
operating system, and by extension
whatever program you have the thing
you want to print open in, exactly how
to print information on the page
 Sound card drivers are necessary so your
operating system knows exactly how to
translate the 1s and 0s that comprise
that MP3 file into audio signals that the
sound card can output to your
headphones or speakers.
 The same general idea applies to 

video cards, keyboards, monitors, mice
& disc drives
How Do Device Drivers Work?

 Think of device drivers like translators

between a program you're using and a
device that program wants to utilize
somehow. The software and the
hardware were created by different
people or companies and speak
two completely different languages, so
a translator (the driver) allows them to
communicate.
 In
other words, a software program
can provide information to a driver to
explain what it wants a piece of
hardware to do, information the
device driver understands and then
can fulfill with the hardware.
Device Drivers and Compatibility

 Thanks to device drivers, most

software programs don't need to know
how to work directly with hardware,
and a driver doesn't need to include a
full application experience for users to
interact with. Instead, the program
and driver simply need to know how
to interface with each other.
How to Manage Device Drivers

 The drivers for each piece of hardware in your

Windows computer are centrally managed
from Device Manager, available in all versions
of Microsoft Windows.
 Most of the time, drivers install automatically
and never need more attention, aside from
the occasional updating to fix bugs or add a
cool new feature. This is true for some drivers
in Windows that are downloaded via 
Windows Update.
 When a manufacturer releases a driver
update, it's your responsibility to
install it. Some companies provide
programs that will check for and
install any relevant updates, but most
don't make it that easy
When to Update Drivers

 If the hardware doesn't work.

 If you want new features.
Different Types of Device Drivers

 .SYS Files
 Windows uses .SYS files as loadable

device drivers, meaning they can be

loaded on an as-needed basis so
they're not always taking up memory
—other drivers are in the DLL or EXE
format.
 WHQL
 WHQL is a testing process by
Microsoft that helps prove that a
particular device driver will work with
a specific version of Windows. You
might see that a driver you're
downloading is or isn't WHQL certified.
 Virtual Device Drivers
 Another form of the driver is the virtual

device driver. These usually end in the

VXD file extension and are used
with virtualization software. They work
similar to regular drivers but in order to
prevent the guest operating system from
accessing hardware directly, the virtual
drivers masquerade as real hardware so the
guest OS and its own drivers can access
hardware much like non-virtual operating
systems.
What's the correct way to update a device driver?

 To update device drivers on Windows 11

manually, 
 Open Device Manager from the Control Panel

or Windows Start menu.

 Next, right-click the device to update >

select Update driver > Search automatically

for drivers.
 If you need to reinstall a driver,
 right-click the device > Uninstall device >

restart your computer.

DIAGNOSTIC TOOL

 Computer diagnostic tools can be used to

scan your computer's Hard drive, check your
RAM for errors, check CPU temp and give you
information about any other devices
connected to your computer. These tools are
made to find problems that may be
disrupting your computer's normal
performance.
Does Windows Have a Diagnostic Tool?

 There are a few ways to create system

diagnostics reports on Windows 10
and 11. In addition to built-in
Windows options, many hardware
manufacturers have troubleshooting
tools, and there are also third-party
apps for diagnosing computer
hardware issues.
How Do I Run a Diagnostic Test on My Computer?

 If you can't pinpoint what is wrong with your

PC, start with the Windows Troubleshooter:

 Below are from Windows 10, but instructions

apply to Windows 11 as well.
 On Windows 10, go to Settings > Update &

Security > Troubleshoot.

 .
  
 On Windows 11, go
to Start > Settings > System > Troubleshoot
Choose a troubleshooter for your problem.
Options include Bluetooth, Keyboard,
Windows Update, and Internet Connections.

 If the troubleshooter finds a problem, it will

suggest how you can fix it. You may be able
to resolve the issue by automatically repairing
Windows.
How to Use the Windows Memory Diagnostic Tool

 If your computer programs keep lagging or

freezing, there could be a problem with your 
RAM. Your best bet is to run 
Windows Memory Diagnostic:
 There are also third-party 
memory test programs that may have more
features than the default Windows tool.
 1. Open Windows Search and enter Windows Memory
Diagnostic. Select the app to open it.

 2. Select Restart now and check for problems or Check

for problems the next time I restart my computer. When
your PC restarts, the Windows Memory tool will scan
your computer.
 
 3. After a few minutes, your PC will boot as normal.
Review the results in the Event Viewer. If the
troubleshooter finds any problems, take action to 
free up memory
Windows Reliability and Performance Monitor

 Performance Monitor and Reliability Monitor

are part of Windows administrative tools.

 Search for Performance Monitor or View

reliability history and open the app to see
statistics about how your computer is
running. The Reliability Monitor keeps a log
of events that may help you identify which
programs are acting up
Other Computer Diagnostic Tools
 Other ways to get help in Windows include

reaching out to Windows Support with the Get

Help app. You can also find plenty of 
free system information tools like Speccy or PC

Wizard, which provide detailed diagnostic

reports. There are also third-party apps for
troubleshooting specific hardware like your
monitor. Do your research carefully and scan
anything you download for malware.
 Your processor and other hardware
might have software for diagnosing
problems. For example, the 
Intel Processor Diagnostic Tool can
analyze and optimize Intel CPUs. Dell
computers also come with their own
set of diagnostic tools. Check your
Programs list for other built-in
troubleshooting software. 
 How do I run Windows diagnostics on
startup?
 In Windows Search, type msconfig and right-

click System Configuration, then select Run

as Administrator. In the General tab,
select Diagnostic startup. To disable the
setting, go back to System Configuration and
select Normal startup.
  
 How do I run hard drive diagnostics on
Windows 10?
 You can 

scan your hard drive with Windows Error Chec

king
.
 Go to This PC, right-click the drive and

select Properties > Tools > Check > Scan
drive. There are also plenty of third-party 
hard drive testing programs.
 Have you tried any of these Diagnostic Test?

 Why is it important to understand these

diagnostic tool?

 In what way these understand of diagnostic

tool helps you as a computer user?
Performance Task:
 Instructions: Choose a partner and perform
the following Diagnostic Test in computer
using the steps we have discussed.
SCORING RUBRICS:
 Accuracy 40
 Adherence to Procedure:30
 Time Management 10
 Workmanship 20
 TOTAL 100
SCORING RUBRICS:
 Accuracy 40
 Adherence to Procedure 30
 Time Management 10
 Workmanship 20
 TOTAL 100
 In computer systems, the security of data is
always a major concern because there are
some unidentified people(known as hackers)
who always try to steal or harm the personal
data or information of the users using
viruses, worms, trojans, etc. So, to protect
computer systems from these viruses or any
other harmful activity, a software is
developed and that software is known as
Antivirus software.
What is Antivirus Software?
Antivirus software is a program(s) that
is created to search, detect, prevent
and remove software viruses from
your system that can harm your
computer system.
 Thissoftware is designed to be used
as a proactive approach to cyber
security, preventing threats from
entering your computer and causing
issues. Most antivirus software
operates in the background once
installed, providing real-time
protection against virus attacks. 
Virus detection methods
 Scanning-A scanner will search all files in
memory, in the boot sector (the sector on
disk that specifies where boot information
is,) and on disk for code snippets that will
uniquely identify a file as a virus
 INTEGRITY CHECKING
"A integrity checker records integrity
information about important files on disk,
usually by checksumming. If a file should
"change due to virus activity or corruption,
the file will no longer match the recorded
integrity information
 HEURISTIC VIRUS CKECKING
"Anti-virus software makers
develop a set of rules to
distinguish viruses from non-
viruses." If a program or code
segment should "follow these
rules, then it is marked a virus
and dealt with accordingly. 
 INTERCEPTION

"Interception software detects

virus-like behavior and warns the
user about it
How Antivirus Works:
 Antivirus software works by
comparing your computer applications
and files to a database of known
malware kinds.
 The antivirus checks files, programs,

and applications going in and out of

your computer to its database to
identify matches. Similar and identical
matches to the database are
segregated, scanned, and eliminated.
Examples of Antivirus:

 The antivirus software is available

in 2 types: 

 (i)
Free: Free anti-virus software
provides basic virus protection

 (ii)
Paid: commercial anti-virus
software provides more extensive
protection.
The following are some commonly used antivirus software:

 1.Bitdefender: Bitdefender Total
Security is a comprehensive security
suite that protects against viruses and
dangerous malware of all varieties.
 2.AVAST: This is a free antivirus
available. All you have to do to obtain
top-notch protection on your
computer, emails, downloads, and
instant messages in the free version is
register (for free) once a year.
 3.Panda: It can detect viruses, trojans,
spyware, adware, worms, and malware
at the same level as other anti viruses
do. It is different from others because
using this software, when you scan your
computer, it doesn’t consume any of
your computer’s resources; instead, it
runs in the cloud, allowing your machine
to continue to function normally.
Other examples of Anti-virus software
are the following:
 1. Norton 360 — Best Antivirus for Windows,
Android & iOS
 2. McAfee Total Protection— Best for Online

Security
 3. TotalAV — Best for Ease of Use (Super

Beginner-Friendly)
 4. Intego — Best for Comprehensive Mac

Protection
 5. Kaspersky Premium — Best for Online
Shopping + Banking
 6. Avira Prime — Best for System

Optimization
 7. Trend Micro — Best for Secure Web

Browsing
 8. Malwarebytes — Best for Basic Protection
Common sources of computer virus
infection

 Downloading programs/software from internet.

 Emails
 External devices like pen-drives
 Using an unknown CD to Boot data
 Bluetooth
 Cracked Software 
Advantages of Antivirus:

 Spam and advertisements are

blocked: Viruses exploit pop-up advertising
and spam websites as one of the most
common ways to infect your computer and
destroy your files. Antivirus acts against
harmful virus-infected adverts and websites
by denying them direct access to your
computer network.
 Virus protection and transmission
prevention: It identifies any possible infection
and then attempts to eliminate it.

 Hackers and data thieves are

thwarted: Antivirus do regular checks to see if
there are any hackers or hacking-related
apps on the network. As a result, antivirus
offers complete security against hackers.
 Protected against devices that can be
detached: Antivirus scans all removable
devices for potential viruses, ensuring that
no viruses are transferred.
 To improve security from web, restrict website
access: Antivirus restricts your online access
in order to prevent you from accessing
unauthorized networks. This is done to ensure
that you only visit websites that are safe and
non-harmful to your computer.

 Password Protection: Using antivirus, you

should consider using a password manager
for added security
DISADVANTAGES OF ANTI-VIRUS

 Slows down system’s speed: When you use

antivirus programs, you’re using a lot of
resources like your RAM and hard drive. As a
result, the computer’s overall speed may be
significantly slowed. 
 Popping up of Advertisements: Apart from

commercial antivirus applications, free

antivirus must make money in some way. One
approach to attaining these is through
advertising.
 Security Holes: When security flaws exist in the
operating system or networking software, the
virus will be able to defeat antivirus protection.
The antivirus software will be ineffective unless
the user takes steps to keep it updated.
 No customer care service: There will be no
customer service provided unless you pay for
the premium version. If an issue arises, the
only method to solve it is to use forums and
knowledge resources.
Steps on how to manually scan your computer systems using the windows defender

1. Go to Settings
2. Choose Update and Security
3. Then select Windows Security
4. Select Virus and Threat Protection
5. Select Scan Options
6. Select Quick scan
7. Press Scan Now
 What is an anti - virus software?
 What are the different types of anti-

virus?
 Give an example of anti-virus

software
 How do you manually scan your

computer system using Windows

defender?
 Where can we usually get the
computer virus?
 How can you protect your systems

from virus?
 How do you know your system is

protected?
 As a student, how do you keep your

computer data safe?

Evaluation:
 Identification:
1. A program(s) that is created to search,
detect, prevent and remove software
viruses from your system that can harm
your system.
2-3 .What are the two types of anti-virus
software?
4-5 Give an example of anti-virus software
 5Sis the principles of work
environment improvement derived
from the Japanese words seiri, seiton,
seiso, seiketsu, and shitsuke.
 In English the five Ss are respectively
described Sort, Set, Shine, Standardize, and
Sustain.
 This principles focus on effective work

place organization starting from physical

environment and gradually to functional
aspects, which are influential to 5S
simplifies your work environment, reduces
waste and non-value activity while
improving quality efficiency and safety.
1 - Sort: Remove unused items from your
venue of work; and reduce clutter (Removal
/ organization)
2 - Set: Organize everything needed in
proper order for easy operation
(Orderliness)
3 - Shine: Maintain high standard of
cleanness (Cleanness)
4 - Standardize: Set up the above three Ss
as norms in every section of your place
(Standardize)
5 - Sustain: Train and maintain discipline
of the personnel engaged. (Self-Discipline)
1. What is the 5S methodology?

The 5S methodology is a workplace

organization system that aims to improve
efficiency and eliminate waste by
maintaining a clean and organized work
environment. The 5S's stand for Sort, Set
in order, Shine, Standardize, and Sustain.
2. What is the purpose of 5S?

The purpose of the 5S methodology is to

improve workplace efficiency and
productivity by creating a clean, organized,
and safe work environment. It aims to
eliminate waste, reduce errors, and
increase employee satisfaction by
providing a clear and structured system
for organizing workspaces and materials.
 What are the 5’S ?
 What are the 3R ?
 Why is it important to you as a student?
 How can you help the environment by

applying these 3Rs and 5S?

Identification

 1. Remove unused items from your venue of

work; and reduce clutter
 2.Organize everything needed in proper

order for easy operation

 3. Maintain high standard of cleanness
 4.Train and maintain discipline of the

personnel engaged.
 5.Cutting back of the amount of trash we

make