1. 개발자를 위한 웹 기술
  2. CSS
  3. CSS 참고서
  4. Properties
  5. clip-path

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clip-path

Baseline Widely available *

This feature is well established and works across many devices and browser versions. It’s been available across browsers since ⁨2020년 1월⁩.

* Some parts of this feature may have varying levels of support.

clip-path CSS 속성은 요소의 클리핑 범위를 지정합니다. 클리핑 범위 안의 부분은 보여지고, 바깥은 숨겨집니다.

시도해 보기

clip-path: circle(40%);

clip-path: ellipse(130px 140px at 10% 20%);

clip-path: polygon(50% 0, 100% 50%, 50% 100%, 0 50%);

clip-path: path("M 0 200 L 0,75 A 5,5 0,0,1 150,75 L 200 200 z");

clip-path: rect(5px 145px 160px 5px round 20%);

clip-path: xywh(0 5px 100% 75% round 15% 0);

<section class="default-example" id="default-example">
  <div class="example-container">
    <img
      class="transition-all"
      id="example-element"
      src="/shared-assets/images/examples/balloon-small.jpg"
      width="150" />
    We had agreed, my companion and I, that I should call for him at his house,
    after dinner, not later than eleven o’clock. This athletic young Frenchman
    belongs to a small set of Parisian sportsmen, who have taken up “ballooning”
    as a pastime. After having exhausted all the sensations that are to be found
    in ordinary sports, even those of “automobiling” at a breakneck speed, the
    members of the “Aéro Club” now seek in the air, where they indulge in all
    kinds of daring feats, the nerve-racking excitement that they have ceased to
    find on earth.
  </div>
</section>

section {
  align-items: flex-start;
}

.example-container {
  text-align: left;
  padding: 20px;
}

#example-element {
  float: left;
  width: 150px;
  margin: 20px;
}

구문

css
/* 키워드 값 */
clip-path: none;

/* <clip-source> 값 */
clip-path: url(resources.svg#c1);

/* <geometry-box> 값 */
clip-path: margin-box;
clip-path: border-box;
clip-path: padding-box;
clip-path: content-box;
clip-path: fill-box;
clip-path: stroke-box;
clip-path: view-box;

/* <basic-shape> 값 */
clip-path: inset(100px 50px);
clip-path: circle(50px at 0 100px);
clip-path: polygon(50% 0%, 100% 50%, 50% 100%, 0% 50%);
clip-path: path(
  "M0.5,1 C0.5,1,0,0.7,0,0.3 A0.25,0.25,1,1,1,0.5,0.3 A0.25,0.25,1,1,1,1,0.3 C1,0.7,0.5,1,0.5,1 Z"
);

/* 박스와 도형 값 조합 */
clip-path: padding-box circle(50px at 0 100px);

/* 전역 값 */
clip-path: inherit;
clip-path: initial;
clip-path: unset;

clip-path 속성은 아래의 값을 하나 이상 조합해 지정할 수 있습니다.

값

<clip-source>

SVG <clipPath> 요소를 가리키는 <url>.

<basic-shape>

<geometry-box> 값으로 크기와 위치가 정해지는 도형. <geometry-box>를 지정하지 않는다면 border-box를 참조 박스로 사용합니다.

<geometry-box>

<basic-shape>와 함께 지정하면, <basic-shape>의 참조 박스를 정의합니다. 단독으로 지정한 경우, 값으로 주어진 상자와 그 상자의 모서리 형태(border-radius 등)를 클리핑 패스로 적용합니다. 가능한 값은 다음과 같습니다.

margin-box

바깥 여백 상자를 참조로 사용합니다.

border-box

테두리 상자를 참조로 사용합니다.

padding-box

안쪽 여백 상자를 참조로 사용합니다.

content-box

콘텐츠 상자를 참조로 사용합니다.

fill-box

객체의 바운딩 상자를 참조로 사용합니다.

stroke-box

테두리 바운딩 상자를 참조로 사용합니다.

view-box

가장 가까운 SVG 뷰포트를 참조 상자로 사용합니다. SVG 뷰포트를 생성한 요소가 viewBox 속성을 가진 경우, 참조 상자의 위치는 viewBox 속성이 정의하는 좌표계의 원점에 위치하고, 크기는 viewBox 속성의 너비와 높이 값과 동일합니다.

none

클리핑 패스를 생성하지 않습니다.

참고 : opacity가 1이 아닌 값일 때와 마찬가지로, none 외의 계산값은 새로운 쌓임 맥락을 생성합니다.

형식 구문

clip-path = 
  <clip-source>                        |
  [ <basic-shape> || <geometry-box> ]  |
  none                                 

<clip-source> = 
  <url>  

<basic-shape> = 
  <basic-shape-rect>  |
  <circle()>          |
  <ellipse()>         |
  <polygon()>         |
  <path()>            |
  <shape()>           

<geometry-box> = 
  <shape-box>  |
  fill-box     |
  stroke-box   |
  view-box     

<basic-shape-rect> = 
  <inset()>  |
  <rect()>   |
  <xywh()>   

<circle()> = 
  circle( <radial-size>? [ at <position> ]? )  

<ellipse()> = 
  ellipse( <radial-size>? [ at <position> ]? )  

<polygon()> = 
  polygon( <'fill-rule'>? [ round <length> ]? , [ <length-percentage> <length-percentage> ]# )  

<path()> = 
  path( <'fill-rule'>? , <string> )  

<shape()> = 
  shape( <'fill-rule'>? from <position> , <shape-command># )  

<shape-box> = 
  <visual-box>     |
  margin-box       |
  half-border-box  

<inset()> = 
  inset( <length-percentage>{1,4} [ round <'border-radius'> ]? )  

<rect()> = 
  rect( <top> , <right> , <bottom> , <left> )  

<xywh()> = 
  xywh( <length-percentage>{2} <length-percentage [0,∞]>{2} [ round <'border-radius'> ]? )  

<radial-size> = 
  <radial-extent>               |
  <length [0,∞]>                |
  <length-percentage [0,∞]>{2}  

<position> = 
  <position-one>   |
  <position-two>   |
  <position-four>  

<fill-rule> = 
  nonzero  |
  evenodd  

<length-percentage> = 
  <length>      |
  <percentage>  

<shape-command> = 
  <move-command>             |
  <line-command>             |
  close                      |
  <horizontal-line-command>  |
  <vertical-line-command>    |
  <curve-command>            |
  <smooth-command>           |
  <arc-command>              

<visual-box> = 
  content-box  |
  padding-box  |
  border-box   

<border-radius> = 
  <length-percentage [0,∞]>{1,4} [ / <length-percentage [0,∞]>{1,4} ]?  

<radial-extent> = 
  closest-corner   |
  closest-side     |
  farthest-corner  |
  farthest-side    

<position-one> = 
  left                 |
  center               |
  right                |
  top                  |
  bottom               |
  x-start              |
  x-end                |
  y-start              |
  y-end                |
  block-start          |
  block-end            |
  inline-start         |
  inline-end           |
  <length-percentage>  

<position-two> = 
  [ left | center | right | x-start | x-end ] && [ top | center | bottom | y-start | y-end ]  |
  [ left | center | right | x-start | x-end | <length-percentage> ] [ top | center | bottom | y-start | y-end | <length-percentage> ]  |
  [ block-start | center | block-end ] && [ inline-start | center | inline-end ]  |
  [ start | center | end ]{2}                         

<position-four> = 
  [ [ left | right | x-start | x-end ] <length-percentage> ] && [ [ top | bottom | y-start | y-end ] <length-percentage> ]  |
  [ [ block-start | block-end ] <length-percentage> ] && [ [ inline-start | inline-end ] <length-percentage> ]  |
  [ [ start | end ] <length-percentage> ]{2}          

<move-command> = 
  move <command-end-point>  

<line-command> = 
  line <command-end-point>  

<horizontal-line-command> = 
  hline [ to [ <length-percentage> | left | center | right | x-start | x-end ] | by <length-percentage> ]  

<vertical-line-command> = 
  vline [ to [ <length-percentage> | top | center | bottom | y-start | y-end ] | by <length-percentage> ]  

<curve-command> = 
  curve [ [ to <position> with <control-point> [ / <control-point> ]? ] | [ by <coordinate-pair> with <relative-control-point> [ / <relative-control-point> ]? ] ]  

<smooth-command> = 
  smooth [ [ to <position> [ with <control-point> ]? ] | [ by <coordinate-pair> [ with <relative-control-point> ]? ] ]  

<arc-command> = 
  arc <command-end-point> [ [ of <length-percentage>{1,2} ] && <arc-sweep>? && <arc-size>? && [ rotate <angle> ]? ]  

<command-end-point> = 
  to <position>         |
  by <coordinate-pair>  

<control-point> = 
  <position>                |
  <relative-control-point>  

<coordinate-pair> = 
  <length-percentage>{2}  

<relative-control-point> = 
  <coordinate-pair> [ from [ start | end | origin ] ]?  

<arc-sweep> = 
  cw   |
  ccw  

<arc-size> = 
  large  |
  small

Examples

Comparison of HTML and SVG

css
html,
body {
  height: 100%;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  background: #eee;
}

.grid {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  display: flex;
  font: 1em monospace;
}

.row {
  display: flex;
  flex: 1 auto;
  flex-direction: row;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.col {
  flex: 1 auto;
}

.cell {
  margin: 0.5em;
  padding: 0.5em;
  background-color: #fff;
  overflow: hidden;
  text-align: center;
  flex: 1;
}

.note {
  background: #fff3d4;
  padding: 1em;
  margin: 0.5em 0.5em 0;
  font: 0.8em sans-serif;
  text-align: left;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.note + .row .cell {
  margin-top: 0;
}

.container {
  display: inline-block;
  border: 1px dotted grey;
  position: relative;
}

.container:before {
  content: "margin";
  position: absolute;
  top: 2px;
  left: 2px;
  font: italic 0.6em sans-serif;
}

.viewbox {
  box-shadow:
    1rem 1rem 0 #efefef inset,
    -1rem -1rem 0 #efefef inset;
}

.container.viewbox:after {
  content: "viewbox";
  position: absolute;
  left: 1.1rem;
  top: 1.1rem;
  font: italic 0.6em sans-serif;
}

.cell span {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 0.5em;
}

p {
  font-family: sans-serif;
  background: #000;
  color: pink;
  margin: 2em;
  padding: 3em 1em;
  border: 1em solid pink;
  width: 6em;
}

.none {
  clip-path: none;
}
.svg {
  clip-path: url(#myPath);
}
.svg2 {
  clip-path: path(
    "M15,45 A30,30,0,0,1,75,45 A30,30,0,0,1,135,45 Q135,90,75,130 Q15,90,15,45 Z"
  );
}
.shape1 {
  clip-path: circle(25%);
}
.shape2 {
  clip-path: circle(25% at 25% 25%);
}
.shape3 {
  clip-path: fill-box circle(25% at 25% 25%);
}
.shape4 {
  clip-path: stroke-box circle(25% at 25% 25%);
}
.shape5 {
  clip-path: view-box circle(25% at 25% 25%);
}
.shape6 {
  clip-path: margin-box circle(25% at 25% 25%);
}
.shape7 {
  clip-path: border-box circle(25% at 25% 25%);
}
.shape8 {
  clip-path: padding-box circle(25% at 25% 25%);
}
.shape9 {
  clip-path: content-box circle(25% at 25% 25%);
}

.defs {
  width: 0;
  height: 0;
  margin: 0;
}

pre {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

svg {
  margin: 1em;
  font-family: sans-serif;
  width: 192px;
  height: 192px;
}

svg rect {
  stroke: pink;
  stroke-width: 16px;
}

svg text {
  fill: pink;
  text-anchor: middle;
}

svg text.em {
  font-style: italic;
}

Complete example

HTML

html
<img id="clipped" src="mdn.svg" alt="MDN logo" />
<svg height="0" width="0">
  <defs>
    <clipPath id="cross">
      <rect y="110" x="137" width="90" height="90" />
      <rect x="0" y="110" width="90" height="90" />
      <rect x="137" y="0" width="90" height="90" />
      <rect x="0" y="0" width="90" height="90" />
    </clipPath>
  </defs>
</svg>

<select id="clipPath">
  <option value="none">none</option>
  <option value="circle(100px at 110px 100px)">circle</option>
  <option value="url(#cross)" selected>cross</option>
  <option value="inset(20px round 20px)">inset</option>
  <option value="path('M 0 200 L 0,110 A 110,90 0,0,1 240,100 L 200 340 z')">
    path
  </option>
</select>

CSS

css
#clipped {
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  clip-path: url(#cross);
}

Result

명세서

Specification
CSS Masking Module Level 1
# the-clip-path

브라우저 호환성

See also

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