(Follow-up on this #10770 (comment))
For container-progress() and media-progress():
The two input calculations but must have a consistent type or else the function is invalid. The result will be a <number>, made consistent with the consistent type of the arguments.
There is no size/media feature accepting percentages, but if there was one, say hypothetical-length-percentage-feature, I think opacity: media-progress(hypothetical-length-percentage-feature from 0% to 100px) should be valid.