Basically control the propagation and inheritance of styles more granular and specifically, because one is not really able to write selectors to be more specific in more complex situations it becomes difficult.
I typically see this being used with #11441
div:apply-style-this-element-only {
margin: 10px;
font-size:1.2em;
}
This would only apply the style to first div element/template and not its contained children elements.
<style>
div {
font-size:1em;
}
div.normal:apply-style-this-element-only {
font: 1.2em;
}
<style>
<div class='normal'>
Normal fontisze of 1.2em
<div >
larger fontsize of default 1 em
</div>
</div>