https://helpx.adobe.com/fonts/using/open-type-syntax.html
https://sparanoid.com/lab/opentype-features/
https://moji-memo.hatenablog.jp/entry/20090804/1249369271 (Japanese)
https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-html-ig-jp/2011Oct/0008.html (Japanese)
Some best-quality (proprietary) Japanese fonts (e.g. Yu Gothic, Hiragino Kaku Gothic/Mincho) supporting Adobe Japan 1-4+ have horizontal/vertical-dedicated hiragana/katakana variants. The default kana glyphs are not fine-tuned for a specific writing direction in such fonts.
[lang]:lang(ja) {
font: horizontal-kana 100% "Hiragino Sans", "Hiragino Kaku Gothic ProN", "Yu Gothic Medium", sans-serif;
}
ruby {
font-variant-east-asian: ruby;
}
/* <span class=quote>“</span>ほげ<span class=quote>”</span> */
.quote {
font-variant-east-asian: full-width;
}
I heard that some fonts contain horizontal/vertical-dedicated kana variants for ruby (Adobe Japan 1-5+?), too.
proportional-width (pwid) is insufficient because it changes widths of unexpected other characters (e.g. "~" equivalent to en-dash in English), too.
Note: pkna for hiragana/katakana = hkna + palt? palt shrinks the widths of some other characters (e.g. full-width parenthesis/brackets), too.
Playground for non-ruby hkna/pkna (Win/mac): https://codepen.io/tats-u/pen/pvbYNoY