https://drafts.csswg.org/css-transforms-1/#RotateDefined says:
A 2D rotation with the parameter alpha is equivalent to a 3D rotation with vector [0,0,1] and parameter alpha.
Presumably this is meaning to reference the definition at https://drafts.csswg.org/css-transforms-2/#Rotate3dDefined but that's not at all clear from the text. This definition should have a link to css-transforms-2.