In web-animations-1, commitStyles commits the current effect values to the targets' inline styles, however as a result this means that commitStyles cannot be used as a replacement for fill: forwards, e.g. see crbug.com/1120718 or this tweet by @jakearchibald. Instead you have to fill: forwards and then cancel the animation after calling commitStyles.
If it's not too late, I propose that commitStyles should commit the effect value when the effect is removed (whether by replacement, finishing, or canceling). This serves the original purpose for adding commitStyles to ensure that developers can persist animation styles of replaced animations, but also functions as a useful replacement for fill: forwards animations as well as making it so commitStyles does not need to immediately freshen style.
This would of course be a breaking change but the usage of commitStyles is extremely low and it would still work in the original context for which it was recommended (i.e. when called on replacement).
@birtles @graouts WDYT?