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l03 HTML Css

This document provides an overview of HTML and CSS technologies for web development. It discusses HTML elements and tags for structuring content, such as paragraphs, headings, links, images, and lists. It also covers basic HTML styling and formatting tags. The document then presents a brief history of HTML standards and provides examples of HTML code for common structures.

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Subhadra Sahoo
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
49 views

l03 HTML Css

This document provides an overview of HTML and CSS technologies for web development. It discusses HTML elements and tags for structuring content, such as paragraphs, headings, links, images, and lists. It also covers basic HTML styling and formatting tags. The document then presents a brief history of HTML standards and provides examples of HTML code for common structures.

Uploaded by

Subhadra Sahoo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Web Development Technologies:

HTML and CSS


Paul Fodor
CSE316: Fundamentals of Software Development
Stony Brook University
http://www.cs.stonybrook.edu/~cse316

1
Topics
 HTML
 CSS

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
HTML
 Hypertext Markup Language
 Describes structure of a web page
 Contains elements
 Elements describe how to render content
 Elements are enclosed in Tags
 Tags surround and describe content
 Start tag – Text in angle brackets (i.e. <body>)
 End tag – Text with leading slash in angle brackets (i.e. </body>)
 Tags must be properly nested!
 Attributes contained inside tags refine the operation of the tag
 Format is: <tagname attr1=value, attr2=value…>

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
A brief history of HTML
 In 1989, Tim Berners-Lee wrote a memo proposing an
Internet-based hypertext system
 Berners-Lee specified HTML and wrote the browser and server
software in late 1990 and released it in 1991 (it had 18 elements/tags)
 HTML 2.0 was published as RFC 1866 in 1995
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1866
 A Request for Comments (RFC) is a publication from the Internet
Society (ISOC)
 The Internet Society (ISOC) is an American nonprofit
organization founded in 1992 to provide leadership in Internet-
related standards, education, access, and policy.

(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)


A brief history of HTML
 HTML 3.2 was published as a W3C Recommendation in January 1997
 The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) is the international
standards organization for the World Wide Web, founded in 1994 by
Tim Berners-Lee after he left the European Organization for Nuclear
Research (CERN).
 It was founded at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Laboratory for
Computer Science (MIT/LCS) with support from the European Commission and
the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)
 HTML 4.0 was published as a W3C Recommendation in December 1997
 HTML 4.01 was published in 2001
 HTML 5 was published as a W3C Recommendation in 2014

(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)


A brief history of HTML
 XHTML is a separate language that began as a reformulation of
HTML 4.01 using XML 1.0.
 XHTML 1.0 was published as a W3C Recommendation on January 26,
2000
 It is no longer being developed as a separate standard.

(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)


HTML 5
 HTML5 was first released in on 22 January 2008, with a
major update and "W3C Recommendation" status in
October 2014
 The current specification is known as the HTML Living
Standard and is maintained by a consortium of the major
browser vendors (Apple, Google, Mozilla, and Microsoft), the
Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group
(WHATWG)
 On 28 May 2019, the W3C announced that WHATWG would be the
sole publisher of the HTML and DOM standards

(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)


HTML – Simple HTML web page
<!DOCTYPE HTML> Tags
<html>
<head>
<title>My Page Title!</title>
</head>
<body>

<h1>Introduction</h1>
<p>This is a simple HTML web page. The content here is part of
a ‘paragraph’. Web browser will lay out this text and introduce
line breaks so the text fits nicely in the browser window.</p>

</body>
</html>

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
HTML – Basic Tags
 <html></html> - Surround entire document
 <head></head> - Surround header material (titles, css info,
etc.)
 <body></body> - Contains the main content of the page
 <p></p> - Hold a single paragraph that the browser will
typeset.
 <h1></h1>, <h2></h2>, … - Hold a heading line that is
used to mark sections of a document for the reader

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
HTML – More basic tags
 Links – These mark a hyperlink around link text. When click by
user, browser loads the page in the HREF attribute.
 Format <A HREF=“url target”>Text for link</A>
 Only ‘Text for link’ will show up on page.
 Target attribute, indicates which window/tab should be used
for the linked page
 target=“_self ” – Default. Place the content in the current tab
 target=“_blank” – Place the content in a newly created tab

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
HTML – More basic tags
 <IMG> - Will display an image
 Image file must be in a popular graphics format (gif, jpg, png, etc)
 Format :
<IMG src=“url for image file” width=#, height=#, alt=“Text to display”>

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
HTML – More on Links
 href attribute
 This can be any URI or local file
 URI should include protocol, server, and path
 Local file can be specified with an absolute or relative path
 Content can be text OR an image. Ex:
<A HREF=http://target.com/path/file.html>
<IMG src=“small_pic.jpg”>
</A>
 title attribute
 Used to provide descriptive text.
 Text is displayed when cursor is hovered over link

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
HTML – More on Links
 Links can target ‘bookmarks’ created with the id attribute on a tag
 Will scroll to the section marked with the named id

some_web_page.html:

…
<h2 id=“MoreStyles”>
…

Inner link:
<A HREF=“#MoreStyles”>Go to MoreStyles section”</A>

From another_web_page.html:

…
<A HREF=http://someserver.com/some_web_page.html#MoreStyles>See info on Styles</A>

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
HTML - Lists
 Supports:
 <UL></UL> - Unordered List
 <OL></OL> - Ordered List
 <LI></LI> - Encloses a single list item

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
HTML – Example: Lists
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<h2>Unordered List</h2>

<ul>
<li>Coffee</li>
<li>Tea</li>
<li>Milk</li>
</ul>

<h2>Ordered List</h2>

<ol>
<li>Coffee</li>
<li>Tea</li>
<li>Milk</li>
</ol>

</body>
</html>
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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
HTML – Adding styles to lists
 UL takes a style attribute to customize the list
 list-style-type
 circle
 square
 disc
 none

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
HTML – Example: Styled lists

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h2>Unordered List with Disc Bullets</h2>
<ul style="list-style-type:disc;">
<li>Coffee</li>
<li>Tea</li>
<li>Milk</li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h2>Unordered List with Square Bullets</h2>
<ul style="list-style-type:square;">
<li>Coffee</li>
<li>Tea</li>
<li>Milk</li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
HTML – Formatting Tags
 <b></b> - Bold text
 <strong></strong> - Important text (similar to bold)
 <i><i> - Italic text
 <em></em> - Emphasized text (similar to Italic)
 <mark></mark> - Marked text
 <small><small> - Small text
 <del></del> - Deleted text (stroked text)
 <ins></ins> - Inserted text
 <sub></sub> - Subscript text
 <sup></sup> - Superscript text

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
HTML – Example: Formatting Tags
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<p>This text is normal.</p>


<p><b>This text is bold.</b></p>
<p><i>This text is italic.</i></p>
<p><em>This text is emphasized.</em></p>
<p><strong>This text is strong.</strong></p>
<p><mark>This text is marked.</mark></p>
<p><small>This text is small.</small></p>
<p><del>This text is deleted.</del></p>
<p><ins>This text is inserted.</ins></p>
<p>This text is <sup>superscripted.</sup></p>
<p>This text is <sub>subscripted.</sub></p>

</body>
</html>
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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
HTML - Comments
 Comments are contained in ‘<!-- -->
 Example:
<!– This is a comment and does not affect
rendering of the page at all -->

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
HTML - Styles
 Style information can be included in tags with the ‘style=‘ attribute
 Format : <tag style=“attr1:value1; attr2:value2”> text text text </tag>
 attr1 and attr2 are style property names
 value1 and value2 are values to attach to the properties
 Most common style attributes:
 background-color for background color
 color for text colors
 font-family for text fonts
 font-size for text sizes
 text-align for text alignment
<p style=“background-color:red; color=black”>Paragraph text. </p>
 Using CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is actually much easier and less error
prone
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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
HTML – Tables
 HTML Supports creating tables
 Tags:
 <table></table> - Encloses the entire contents of the
table
 <tr></tr> - These bracket a ‘row’ of data cells
 <th></th> - These tags support a row used specifically for
column headings
 <td></td> - These tags go around data for a specific cell
 <caption> - This defines a table caption

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
HTML – Example: Tables
<html> <tr>
<body> <td>John</td>
<td>Doe</td>
<h2>Basic HTML Table</h2> <td>80</td>
</tr>
<table style="width:100%"> </table>
<tr>
<th>Firstname</th> </body>
<th>Lastname</th> </html>
<th>Age</th>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>Jill</td>
<td>Smith</td>
<td>50</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>Eve</td>
<td>Jackson</td>
<td>94</td>
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</tr> (c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
HTML – Forms
 Forms can be used to collect data and respond to queries
 Tags:
 <form></form> - This encases the entire form
 Forms contain a number of input elements as well as text fields
 There is at least one input to indicate when to submit a form to the back
end.
 Form tag attributes
 action= - This indicates the script on the server to run when the submit
action is selected
 method= - This indicates what ‘HTTP method’ to use (i.e. “GET”,
“PUT”, “POST”, etc)
 Input Tags within a form:
 <input></input> This encloses input fields of various types based on
attributes in the tag
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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
HTML – Example: Forms
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<h2>HTML Forms</h2>

<form action="/action_page.php">
First name:<br>
<input type="text" name="firstname" value="Mickey">
<br>
Last name:<br>
<input type="text" name="lastname" value="Mouse">
<input type="text" name="age" value="0"><br>
<input type="radio" name="gender"> Female<br>
<input type="radio" name="gender"> Male<br>
<input type="radio" name="gender"> Unspecified<br>
<br><br>
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
</form>

<p>If you click the "Submit" button, the form-data will be sent to a page called "/action_page.php".</p>

</body>
</html>

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
HTML – Miscellaneous Tags
 <pre></pre> - Pre-formatted text Browser will
render content as it is written in the html file.
 <br> - Add a line break here. There is no </br>
 <hr> - Add a ‘horizontal rule’ (horizontal line).
There is no </hr>

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS
 CSS = Cascading Style Sheets
 Greatly simplifies styling HTML
 Easy to keep consistent styling
 Instructions are written as a rule-set

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
A brief history of CSS
 CSS was first proposed by HåkonWium Lie on October 10,
1994, and W3C CSS Recommendation (CSS1) was released in
1996.
 CSS level 2 specification was developed by the W3C and
published as a recommendation in May 1998.
 CSS2.1 as finally published as a W3C Recommendation on 7
June 2011.

(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)


A brief history of CSS
 CSS 3 is divided into several separate documents called "modules" and its notes are posted on
W3C:
 css3-background CSS Backgrounds and Borders Module Level 3 Candidate Rec. Oct 2017
 css3-box CSS basic box model Working Draft Jul 2018
 css-cascade-3 CSS Cascading and Inheritance Level 3 Candidate Rec. May 2016
 css3-color CSS Color Module Level 3 Recommendation Jun 2018
 css3-content CSS3 Generated and Replaced Content Module Working Draft Jun 2016
 css-fonts-3 CSS Fonts Module Level 3 Recommendation Sep 2018
 css3-gcpm CSS Generated Content for Paged Media Module Working Draft May 2014
 css3-layout CSS Template Layout Module Note Mar 2015
 css3-mediaqueries Media Queries Recommendation Jun 2012
 mediaqueries-4 Media Queries Level 4 Candidate Rec. Sep 2017
 css3-multicol Multi-column Layout Module Level 1 Working Draft May 2018
 css3-page CSS Paged Media Module Level 3 Working Draft Mar 2013
 selectors-3 Selectors Level 3 Recommendation Nov 2018
 selectors-4 Selectors Level 4 Working Draft Feb 2018
 css3-ui CSS Basic User Interface Module Level 3 (CSS3 UI) Recommendation Jun 2018

(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)


A brief history of CSS
 There is no single, integrated CSS 4 specification
 The CSS Working Group sometimes publishes "Snapshots", a
collection of whole modules and parts of other drafts that are
considered stable enough to be implemented by browser
developers in 2007, 2010, 2015, 2017,and 2018.

(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)


CSS rule-sets
 CSS rule-sets have the following format:

 Selectors indicate the tag or other element


 Property/value pairs give the attribute to define and
the value of the attribute
 Property/value pairs are separated with a semicolon ;

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS - Selectors
 Selectors can be
 A tag name (i.e. <p>) – This will apply to all
tags of that type in the document
 An id (<h2 id=“foo”>) – The style will apply
to ANY tag with the named id.
 A class (<p class=“LargeRed”>) The style will
apply to ANY element with the named class)

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS – Examples: Selectors
p{ Applies to all
text-align: center; paragraphs in the
color: blue; document
}

#C4 {
text-align: left; Applies to any tag
color: red; marked with
} id=“C4”

.center {
text-align: center;
color: green; Applies to any tag
} marked with
class=“center”

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS – Selector Grouping
 Selectors for elements with the same style can be grouped and use
a common style description

h1, h2, p {
text-align: center;
color: red;
}

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS – Placement of CSS Information
 CSS style information can be put in one of three
places:
 External sheet
 Can be used for an entire website
 Each .html file must reference same sheet
 Internal sheet
 Can be used to consistently style 1 html page
 Inline styles

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS – External Style Sheets

my_site_style.css: a_web_page.html:

body { <html>
background-color: lightblue; <head>
} <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="my_site_style.css">
</head>
h1 { <body>
color: navy; …
margin-left: 20px; </body>
} </html>

Separate file References the file


holding style with style
information information

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS – Internal Style Sheets

<html>
<head>
<style>
body {
background-color: linen;
}

h1 { All style information


color: maroon; enclosed in <style> tag within
margin-left: 40px;
} the <head> of an html
</style> document
</head>
<body>
…
</body>
</html>

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS – Local Inline styles
 Style info can be placed inside any tag (as has been seen earlier)
 Ex: <h1 style=“color:red; text-size:14px;”>

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS – Cascading Order
 With a mix of internal, external, and inline style
information, the styles will be applied by building a
‘virtual’ style sheet considering each style specification
in the following priority order:
 Inline style (inside an HTML element)
 External and internal style sheets (in the head section
using order of links/style sections in the head)
 More specific selectors are selected
 For example, if we have a style for <p> and a style for id1,
then the style of <p id=id1> will be the style of id1
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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS – Style Attributes
Colors
Backgrounds
Borders
Margins
Padding
Height/Width

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS - Colors
 Colors can be specified as:
 A color name like ‘red’, ‘lightblue’, etc
 HTML supports 140 standard color names
 A hex value : #ff0000, #000066, etc.
 Rgb values
 2 hex ‘nibbles’ per color giving ranges of 0-255 for each
 An RGB value like: rgb(255,0,0)
 Same as hex values but with decimal numbers
 Example:
 h1 {color:green;}
 p {color: red;}
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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS – Backgrounds
 Elements can have different backgrounds
Colors
Images

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS – Background Color
 Attribute: background-color
 Value: description of colors
 h1 {background-color: green;}
 div {background-color: #777700;}
 div is just used to divide the page into
subsections - no other structural effect on the
page

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS – Background Images
 Attribute: background-image
 Value is usually a URL of a graphic file
 Example:
 body {background-image: URL(“mountain.jpg”)}
 Images can be positioned within an element
 Attribute: background-position:
 Value: (horizontal and vertical positioning (left, center, right, bottom,
center, top))
 Example:
<!—place image starting in the upper right corner of the page’s body -->
body {background-image: URL(“mountain.jpg”); background-position: right top}

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS – Background Images
Images can be repeated if two small to cover an area

 Attribute: background-repeat
 Values:
 repeat-x – repeat horizontally across area
 repeat-y – repeat vertically down area
 no-repeat – do not repeat image
 Images can scroll with page:
 Background-attachment:scroll
 Can specify all attributes using ‘background:’
 Values for background must be in this order:
 background-color
 background-image
 background-repeat
 background-attachment
 background-position
 Example:
body {background: URL(“mountain.jpg”) repeat-x scroll right top}
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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS - Borders
 CSS allows specification of the style, width and color of element
borders
 Attributes:
 border-style : style keyword – includes dotted, dashed, solid, double,
groove, ridge, inset, outset, none, hidden}
 One value – Applies to all 4 sides
 Two values – 1st applies to top and bottom, 2nd applies to left and right
 Three values – 1st applies to top, 2nd applies to left and right, 3rd applies to bottom
 Four values – Values applied as top, right, bottom, left
 border-width :
 Value can be specified in pt, px, cm, em
 Value can use one of 3 keywords: thin, medium, thick
 border-color
 Values: See Colors earlier in this talk
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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS - Borders
 Shorthands:
 border-left-style, border-right-style, border-
top-style, border-bottom-style
 Same for border-x-width and border-x-color
 border: handles all 3 attributes in order:
 width
 style (required)
 color
 Example:
 h1 {border: 5px solid orange}

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS - Borders
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
h2 { border: 10px dashed green;}
p { border: 5px solid red;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>The border Property</h2>
<p>This property is a shorthand property for border-width, border-style, and
border-color.</p>
</body>
</html>

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS - Margins
 Attribute: margin
 Margin gives spacing outside the ‘border’ of an element
 Similar to border, margin has separate attributes for left, top,
bottom, and right sides
 Values:
 auto – browser calculates margin
 A length in px, pt, cm, etc
 % - margin is a percentage of the width of the containing element
 Inherit – Margin is inherited from parent element
 margin can also have 4, 3, 2, or 1 value(s). Application pattern
similar to border.

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS – Example: Margin
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
div {
border: 1px solid black;
margin: 25px 50px;
background-color: lightblue;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>The margin shorthand property - 2 values</h2>
<div>This div element has a top and bottom margin of 25px, and a right and left margin of 50px.</div>
<hr>
</body>
</html>

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS - Padding
 Padding generates space around an element but within
its border
 Attributes: padding, padding-left, padding-top, padding-
bottom, padding-right
 Values:
 Length – A length value in pt, px, cm, em, etc
 % - A percentage of the width of the element
 inherit – The padding is inherited from parent
element

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS – Example: Padding
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
div { border: 1px solid black;
padding: 25px;
background-color: lightblue; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>The padding shorthand property - 1 value</h2>
<div>This div element has a top, bottom, left, and right padding of 25px.</div>
</body>
</html>

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS – Height/Width
 These attributes give the height and width of an
element
 Default value is auto which lets the browser
figure out the best size
 Values can be specified as:
 A length – in pt, px, cm, etc.
 A percentage of the containing block

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS – Example: Height/Width
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
div { height: 200px;
width: 50%;
background-color: powderblue; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Set the height and width of an element</h2>
<p>This div element has a height of 200px and a width of 50%:</p>
<div></div>
</body>
</html>

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS – The Box Model
 CSS Box Model refers to the layout of an element
including margin, borders, padding, and content
 Content: The content of the element
 Padding: area around the content and within the
border. Padding is transparent
 Border: A border that surrounds the element and
padding
 Margin: Area outside the border. Margin is
transparent.

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS – Box Model

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS – Example: Box Model
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
div { background-color: lightgrey;
width: 300px;
border: 15px solid green;
padding: 50px;
margin: 20px; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Demonstrating the Box Model</h2>
<p>The CSS box model is essentially a box that wraps around every HTML element. It consists
of: borders, padding, margins, and the actual content.</p>
<div>This text is in a box and has a 50px padding, 20px margin and a 15px green border. The
rest of this doesn't much matter!</div>
</body>
</html>

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS – Styles for Links
 Links can be styled using any CSS attributes (color, background-color,
text-decoration, font-family, font-size, background, etc)
 Links can have different styling based on their ‘state’. 4 states are:
 :link – An unvisited link
 :visited – A link that has been visited
 :hover – A link when the cursor os hovering over it
 :active – A link when the left mouse button is depressed over it
 Ordering is important! If all 4 states have styles
 hover must be after link and visited
 active must follow hover

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS – Example: Link Styles
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head> When left button depressed on link
<style>
a:link { text-decoration: none; }
a:visited { text-decoration: none; color: green; }
a:hover { text-decoration: underline; color: red; }
a:active { text-decoration: underline; color: hotpink; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p><b><a href="default.asp" target="_blank">This is a link</a></b></p>
<p>Misc other text</p>
</body> After visiting link
</html>

59
(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS – Styles for Lists
 Unordered list: list-style-type
 Circle
 Square
 Disc
 Ordered list: list-style-type
 Upper-roman
 Lower-roman
 Upper-alpha
 Lower-alpha
 Other: https://www.w3schools.com/cssref/pr_list-style-type.asp

60
(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS – Styles for Lists
 Attribute: list-style-position (shorthand attribute: list-style)
 Inside – bullet or marker is pulled in with text (so
inside border)
 Outside – bullet or marker is left outside element’s
border (out-hanging)

61
(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS – Example: Styles for Lists
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
li {border: solid;}
ul.a { list-style-position: outside; background: #ff9999; }
ul.b { list-style-position: inside; background: #9999ff; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>The list-style-position Property</h1>
<h2>list-style-position: outside (default):</h2>
<ul class="a">
<li>Coffee - A brewed drink</li>
<li>Tea - An aromatic beverage </li>
<li>Coca Cola - A carbonated soft drink</li>
</ul>
<h2>list-style-position: inside:</h2>
<ul class="b">
<li>Coffee - A brewed drink</li>
<li>Tea - An aromatic beverage </li>
<li>Coca Cola - A carbonated soft drink</li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS – Styles for Tables
 Various table elements can take on properties like border, padding,
text-align, width, height and others
 border
 width
 text-align
 border-collapse

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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
CSS – Example: Table Styling <tr>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html> <td>Peter</td>
<head> <td>Griffin</td>
<style> <td>$100</td>
table, td, th { </tr>
border: 1px solid black; <tr>
} <td>Lois</td>
table { <td>Griffin</td>
border-collapse: collapse; <td>$150</td>
width: 100%; </tr>
} <tr>
th { <td>Joe</td>
text-align: center; <td>Swanson</td>
} <td>$300</td>
</style> </tr>
</head> <tr>
<body> <td>Cleveland</td>
<h2>The text-align Property</h2> <td>Brown</td>
<p>This property sets the horizontal alignment (like left, <td>$250</td>
right, or center) of the content in th or td:</p> </tr>
<table> </table>
<tr> </body>
<th>Firstname</th> </html>
<th>Lastname</th>
<th>Savings</th>
</tr>

64
(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)
Summary
 HTML – Hyper Text Markup Language
 Used to describe most web page content
 Static – no ‘execution’ semantics
 CSS – Cascading Style Sheets
 Help customize look and feel of web pages
 Numerous ways to address elements and groups of
elements
 Varied properties to produce rich styling
 Next Lecture:
 JavaScript
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(c) Paul Fodor (CS Stony Brook)

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