BASICS OF MATH 3

By Muhammad Wajid
Coach for Competitive Exams
03002555705
THIS LECTURE CONTAINS
• Profit/Loss
• Discount
• Percentage
• Tax/ Zakat
• Speed
PERCENTAGE
 PERCENTAGE
• Afzal got 1089 marks out of 1100. Find the percentage of his score.

• Inzamam ul Haq scored 78 score out of the team total of 325. What
is his percentage in the team total?

• Every 3 out of 5 are smokers. What is the percentage of non

smokers?

• Komal bought a suit on sale price of Rs 450. When the marked price
was 525, find the % of discount.
 PERCENTAGE
1. In a class of 20 Boys and 28 girls,
what was the % age o f the boys?

% age of boys =
 PERCENTAGE
I n a c la s s o f 2 0 B o y s a n d 2 8 g ir ls ,

w h a t w a s th e % a g e o f th e b o y s ?

% age of boys =

= 4 1 .5 7 A n s
 PERCENTAGE
1. If 4 out of 25 candidates failed in a
driving test. what is the % age of
passing candidates?

Passing candidates = 25 – 4 = 21

% of passing =
 PERCENTAGE
1. If 4 out of 25 candidates failed in a
driving test. what is the % age of
passing candidates?

Passing candidates = 25 – 4 = 21

% of passing = = = 84%
 PERCENTAGE

1. A person left $ 10.47 tip on a breakfast

that cost $ 87.25. What % the tip was?
 PERCENTAGE

1. A person left $ 10.47 tip on a breakfast

that cost $ 87.25. What % the tip was?

= = 12%
 PERCENTAGE

1. Total distance from school to house is

39 km. Abid covered a distance of 13
km. What % age of who distance did he
cover?
 PERCENTAGE

1. Total distance from school to house is

39 km. Abid covered a distance of 13
km. What % age of who distance did he
cover?

= 33.3%
 PERCENTAGE

1. If all the members of a team are either

juniors or seniors, and if ratio of
juniors to seniors the team is 3:5, what
% of team are
 PERCENTAGE

1. If all the members of a team are either

juniors or seniors, and if ratio of
juniors to seniors the team is 3:5, what
% of team are

= = 5x12.5 = 62.5%
 PROFIT/LOSS

1. A shopkeeper buys a watch at Rs 350

and sells it for Rs. 392. Find the %age
of profit.
 PROFIT/LOSS

1. A shopkeeper buys a watch at Rs 350

and sells it for Rs. 392. Find the %age
of profit.

Profit = 392- 350 = 42

%age of profit= =12%

 PROFIT/LOSS
1. A sold a pen for Rs 180. This was
Rs.60 less than what ‘A’ paid for it.
What was his % age of loss?
 PROFIT/LOSS
1. A sold a pen for Rs 180. This was
Rs.60 less than what ‘A’ paid for it.
What was his % age of loss?

Cost Price = 180+60 =240

% of loss = = 25%
 PROFIT/LOSS
1. Akbar bought a sweater for Rs 200
and sold it for Rs 250. How much profit
did Akbar get?

Profit = Sale Price - Cost Price

=250 – 200 = 50 Ans

2. A man buys an article of $ 27.50 and

sells for $ 28.60, what is his % age of
gain?

Profit = 28.6 -27.5=1.1

% of profit = = 4%
 DISCOUNT
• Chanda got a book for Rs. 250 and sold it for Rs. 295. Find the
percentage of loss.

• Waleed bought a dozen pens for Rs. 144 and sold each of them
for Rs 11. Find the percentage of loss.

• Haris paid Rs. 18720 property tax at a property of Rs. 156000.

Find the percentage of tax.

• A shirt is sold for 120 instead of original price 150. Find the
percentage of discount.
 DISCOUNT
1. Mr. Rehman ordered a car worth
Rs.600000 was given a discount so
he paid Rs .570000. How much
discount he was given in % age?
 DISCOUNT
1. Mr. Rehman ordered a car worth
Rs.600000 was given a discount so
he paid Rs .570000. How much
discount he was given in % age?

Discount = 600000-570000 = 30000

% Discount = =5%
 OTHER FORMAT ON PERCENTAGE

When to find particular percentage of a number

Find 17% of 200

200 x 17 / 100 = 34
 OTHER FORMAT ON PERCENTAGE

1. 200 candidates applied for an exam

from which 180 appeared and 70%
passed. How many failed.
 OTHER FORMAT ON PERCENTAGE

1. 200 candidates applied for an exam

from which 180 appeared and 70%
passed. How many failed.

Number of % age of failed

= = 54 Ans
 OTHER FORMAT ON PERCENTAGE

1. In a class of 550 students, 42% go to

college. How many did attend the
college?
 OTHER FORMAT ON PERCENTAGE

1. In a class of 550 students, 42% go to

college. How many did attend the
college?

= = 231 Ans
OTHER FORMAT ON PERCENTAGE
1. In an examination, 1100 boys and 900
girls appeared. 50% of boys and 40%
of girls passed. The % age of failed
candidates is:
OTHER FORMAT ON PERCENTAGE
1. In an examination, 1100 boys and 900
girls appeared. 50% of boys and 40%
of girls passed. The % age of failed
candidates is:

Number of passed boys

= = 550

Number of passed Girls

= = 360

Total passed students = 550+360=910

% of failed candidates =

= 54.5%
 OTHER FORMAT ON PERCENTAGE

1. A man borrowed 55 % amount to

purchase a fla t of Rs 820000. How
much money did he borrow?
 OTHER FORMAT ON PERCENTAGE

1. A man borrowed 55 % amount to

purchase a fla t of Rs 820000. How
much money did he borrow?

= 451000 Ans.
 OTHER FORMAT ON PERCENTAGE

Find
• 15% of 40
• 40% of 10
• 32% of 300
• 125% of 20
• 1% of 10000
• 8% of 500
• 3.5 of 1000
• 50% of 180
 OTHER FORMAT ON PERCENTAGE

• Zara got 80% in English. What was her score out of 75?

• Sajjad paid 20% if his salary as rent of his house. If his

salary is Rs. 42500, how does he pay as rent?

• Saeed had 15120 rupees. He paid 10% of it as alms, what

amount remains with him?
 OTHER FORMAT ON PERCENTAGE
• 85% of the students in a school of 3000 passed an exam.
How many of them failed?

• 60% of a 120 km road is completed. How many km does

remain unconstructed?

• In a town of 15000, only 35% of voters cast their vote.

How many people did not cast their vote?
 OTHER FORMAT ON PERCENTAGE
• Farooq paid 25% of his salary as a house rent and 50% of
the remaining on other expenses. Find the remaining
amount if his salary is Rs. 8000

• A watch had original price tag of Rs. 1400. Shopkeeper

announced 30% general discount. What will be the new
price of that article?

• Find amount of Zakat on Rs. 40000

 OTHER FORMAT ON PERCENTAGE
• Amount of tax @ 2% on a property of Rs. 948000 is:

• Aleem saved Rs. 949000 for the whole year. Find the
amount of Zakat to be paid?

• A farmer sold his wheat for Rs. 994500. Find the amount
of Usher.

• An institute offered 40% discount on a course whose fee

was Rs. 12000. What will be the fee for new session?
 OTHER FORMAT ON PERCENTAGE
• Amount of tax @ 2% on a property of Rs. 948000 is:

• Aleem saved Rs. 949000 for the whole year. Find the
amount of Zakat to be paid?

• A farmer sold his wheat for Rs. 994500. Find the amount
of Usher.

• An institute offered 40% discount on a course whose fee

was Rs. 12000. What will be the fee for new session?
PERCENTAGE WHERE ACTUAL AMOUNT IS
UNKNOWN
 PERCENTAGE WHERE ACTUAL AMOUNT IS
UNKNOWN

1. 18 is 75 % of a number. W hat is the

number?
 PERCENTAGE WHERE ACTUAL AMOUNT IS
UNKNOWN

1. 18 is 75 % of a number. W hat is the

number?

= = 24 Ans
 PERCENTAGE WHERE ACTUAL AMOUNT IS
UNKNOWN

1. If 4% of a number is 120, what is the

number?
 PERCENTAGE WHERE ACTUAL AMOUNT IS
UNKNOWN

1. If 4% of a number is 120, what is the

number?

= = 3000 Ans
 PERCENTAGE WHERE ACTUAL AMOUNT IS
UNKNOWN

1. A man buys a toy for Rs 70 after

getting a discount of 30%. What the
original price of the toy?
 PERCENTAGE WHERE ACTUAL AMOUNT IS
UNKNOWN

1. A man buys a toy for Rs 70 after

getting a discount of 30%. What the
original price of the toy?

= 100 Ans
PERCENTAGE WHERE ACTUAL AMOUNT IS
UNKNOWN
1. A toy was sold Rs. 220, what was the
cost if the rate of profit was 10% of its
cost?
PERCENTAGE WHERE ACTUAL AMOUNT IS
UNKNOWN
1. A toy was sold Rs. 220, what was the
cost if the rate of profit was 10% of its
cost?

110 % of price = 220

100 % of price = = 200

PERCENTAGE WHERE ACTUAL AMOUNT IS
UNKNOWN
1. A number is increased by 2 0% and
then decrease by 20%. The final value
of that number.
PERCENTAGE WHERE ACTUAL AMOUNT IS
UNKNOWN
1. A number is increased by 2 0% and
then decrease by 20%. The final value
of that number.

Let suppose that number is 100.

20% Increase = 100 + 20 = 120.

20%. Decrease = = 24

= 120 - 24 = 96

= 4 % Decrease
PERCENTAGE WHERE ACTUAL AMOUNT IS
UNKNOWN
 PERCENTAGE WHERE ACTUAL AMOUNT IS
UNKNOWN

. A fte r s p e n d in g 8 8 % o f h is in c o m e , a

p e r s o n is le ft w ith R s . 2 1 6 0 . F in d h is

in c o m e .

= =18000
PERCENTAGE WHERE ACTUAL AMOUNT IS
UNKNOWN

1. I f a m o u n t o f 1 5 % s a le s ta x p a id o n a n

a r tic le c o m e s o u t to b e R s 1 5 0 0 , w h a t

is th e a c tu a l p r ic e o f th e a r tic le ?

= = 10000 A n s
PERCENTAGE WHERE ACTUAL AMOUNT IS
UNKNOWN
PERCENTAGE WHERE ACTUAL AMOUNT IS
UNKNOWN
PERCENTAGE WHERE ACTUAL AMOUNT IS
UNKNOWN
PERCENTAGE WHERE ACTUAL AMOUNT IS
UNKNOWN

A m a n b u y s a to y fo r R s 7 0 a fte r

g e ttin g a d is c o u n t o f 3 0 % . W h a t th e

o r ig in a l p r ic e o f th e to y ?

= 100 A n s
 QUESTIONS ON PERCENTAGE WHEN
%AGE IS GIVEN

When percentage is given and you have to find the

original number, the formula becomes as:

n = X x 100 / p

X = n x p / 100

Where x = given quantity

n = total amount
p = percentage
SPEED
 QUESTIONS WHEN AVERAGE IS
GIVEN
Convert into m/s and find distance covered in 50 sec. (5/18)
1. 30 km/hr
2.54 km/hr
3. 72 km/ hr
4.
90 km/hr
5.126 km/hr

Convert into km/hr (18/5)

1. 30 m/s
2.50 m/s
3. 80 m/s
4. 100 m/s
W h a t is th e s p e e d o f a tr a in th a t tr a v e ls

7 0 0 k m in 3 h o u r s a n d 3 0 m in .
W h a t is th e s p e e d o f a tr a in th a t tr a v e ls

7 0 0 k m in 3 h o u r s a n d 3 0 m in .

d is ta n c e in 3 . 5 h o u r s = 7 0 0 k m

d is ta n c e in 1 h o u r =

= 2 0 0 K m /H o u r A n s
Questions