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Computer Systems Servicing: Quarter 3

The document discusses the basics of computer networking including defining a network, why businessmen create their own networks, network topologies, and the value of value-added networks. A network is a collection of devices that connect to share information and resources. Common network topologies are star, bus and ring networks.

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Jeffrey Macabare
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
40 views

Computer Systems Servicing: Quarter 3

The document discusses the basics of computer networking including defining a network, why businessmen create their own networks, network topologies, and the value of value-added networks. A network is a collection of devices that connect to share information and resources. Common network topologies are star, bus and ring networks.

Uploaded by

Jeffrey Macabare
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMPUTER SYSTEMS

SERVICING

Quarter 3
Self-Learning Module 9
The Basics of Networking
After completing this lesson, you should be able to:
1. know the basics of networking;
2. compare the difference among network;
3. appreciate the importance of the basics of networking.

DIRECTION: Read the following statement carefully. Choose the best answer by
encircling your answer.

1. It is a collection of computers and devices connected together so that they


can exchange information or share resources.
a. Internet c. Google
b. Facebook d. Network
2. On a __________ network, all of the computers and devices connects to a
central device.
a. Ring c. Bus
b. Star d. Mesh
3. A ______________ refers to the layout of the computers and devices in a
communication network.
a. Network Architecture c. Network Standards
b. Network Topology d. Network Protocols
4. Which of the following is not true about bus network?
a. All of the computers and devices connects to a central device.
b. It transmits data, instructions and information in both directions.
c. Computers and devices can be attached or detached at any point.
d. Failure of one device usually does not affect the rest.
5. It is a standard that allows users connected to a network exchange money
from one account to another.
a. VAN c. EFT
b. EDI d. LAN
• Last module talked about the Managing waste electrical and electronic
equipment (WEEE) in the Philippines. The Philippines is a typical importer
and exporter of both new and used electrical and electronic equipment
(EEE), including scrap materials. As technology for commercial, industrial,
household and appliances are evolving rapidly on a global scale, the amount
of waste electric and electronic equipment (WEEE) and hazardous
substances generated from the source materials involved in manufacturing
and usage are increasing. The Department of Environment and Natural
Resources (DENR) has established the ESM Guidelines of WEEEs in
recognition of the impact of these products, in part or in full, on human
health and the environment.

THE BASIC OF NETWORKING


The first computer network was invented when ancient mathematicians
associated their abacuses or abaci with kite string so they could immediately share
their information with each other. The concept of linking these devices over the
years have become the very foundation of the concept of computer network
nowadays.
Throughout the years, the longing for a better and faster way of sharing
information have become more complicated. Instead of using strings, people use
electrical cables to connect devices to each other. Nowadays, we use fiber optic
cables and wireless radio signal for faster communication. Whether we use strings
or cables, the purpose remains the same: sharing information and getting work
done faster.
This module describes the basics of what computer networking is and how
it works.

DEFINING A NETWORK
A network is a collection of computers and devices connected together so
that they can exchange information (like email messages and documents) or share
resources (like disk storage and printers).
A network can be internal to an organization or company or span the world
by connecting to the Internet.
WHY DO BUSINESSMEN CREATE THEIR OWN
NETWORK?

Facilitate communications
No one would ever deny the fact that communication is more efficient in the
business industry when using a network. It would be an advantage for a
businessman to communicate over a network which is faster than a physical mail
sent through the mailbox. People communicate efficiently and easily via email,
instant messaging, chat rooms, blogs, wikis, online social networks, video calls,
online meetings, videoconferencing, Voice over IP, wireless messaging services etc.
Some messages might occur within an internal network or maybe in a secured
network communication.

Share Hardware
Each computer or device connected to a network can be provided access to
hardware over the network. For example, each computer and mobile device user
can access a printer on the network every time they need it. It would be easier and
cheaper to install one printer that could be use by all computers in a network than
to install one printer for each computer in a company. Thus, home and business
users create networks to save money on hardware expenses.

Share Data and Information


In a network, any authorized users can access data and information like
files, proposals, financial reports, confidential information about the contract,
memorandum and even the customers’ information stored over a network.
Most businesses use a standard such as EDI (Electronic Data Interchange)
that defines how business documents can be transmitted across a network. For
instance, they use EDI to send bids and proposals or place and track orders like
sending a sales invoice.

Share Software
Similar with sharing hardware resources, any authorized users connected
to a network can also access the servers’ software resource. For example, the
whole network now is sharing resources on a particular software like MS Office,
Photoshop, GIMP etc.
To support multiple users’ software access, vendors like Microsoft often sell
versions of their software designed to run on a network. The network versions of
software may cost less than buying individual copies. It depends on the network
license a company would purchase. Network License is a legal agreement that
allows multiple users to access the software on a server simultaneously. The fee
usually is based on the number of computers attached to a network.
Transfer Fund
Everyone knows about the GCASH or Paymaya and how it works. Both
application use a standard called EFT (Electronic Fund Transfer) that allows users
connected to a network exchange money from one account to another. Other
examples include wire transfers, use of credit cards and debit cards, online
banking and online bill payment.

VALUE-ADDED NETWORK
Instead of using the Internet or investing in and administering an internal
network, some companies hire a value-added network provider for network
functions.
A value-added network (VAN) provider is a third-party business that
provides network services such as EDI services, secure data and information
transfer, storage, or email. A VAN is a closed network, which means only members
of the network can access the data. Typical provider of VANs includes the
telecommunication companies, industry groups and specialized service providers.

NETWORK TOPOLOGY
A network topology refers to the layout of the computers and devices in a
communication network. The three basic network topologies are star, bus and
ring. Most networks, including the internet, use the combinations of these basic
topologies.

Star Network Topology

• All of the computers and devices on a star network connects to a central


device. This central device may be a hub or a switch.

• Any devices or computers connected to a network is called a node.


• All the data that has been transmitted from one node will pass through the
central device before reaching the other node.
• Nodes can be added or removed from the network with little or no disruption
to the entire network.
• Star network are fairly easy to install and maintain.
What will happen if a node or the central device fails on a star network? If
one node fails, only that node is affected. The other nodes continue to operate
normally. However, if the central device fails, the entire network is inoperable until
the device is repaired.

Bus Network Topology


• The bus has a single central cable (physical cable) to which all computers
and other devices connected.

• It transmits data, instructions and information in both directions.


• Bus network are cheap and easy to install.
• Computers and devices can be attached or detached at any point on the
bus.
• Failure of one device usually does not affect the rest of the bus network.

What is the greatest risk to a bus network? If the bus itself become
inoperable, the network remains inoperable until the bus is back in working order.

Ring Network Topology


• On a ring network, a cable forms a closed loop (ring) with all computers and
devices.

• Data is being transmitted from one device to other around the entire ring in
one direction.
• If one computer on a ring network fails, the entire network could stop
functioning.
DIRECTION: Read each statement below carefully. Write T if the statement is true.
Supply the correct word for the underlined word if the statement is false. Use the
group of words below for your answer.
_________1. Network is a collection of computers and devices connected together
so that they can exchange information or share resources.
_________2. EDI allows the users connected to a network to exchange money from
one account to another.
_________3. The three basic network topologies are star, mesh and ring.
_________4. All of the computers and devices on a bus network connects to a
central device. This central device may be a hub or a switch.
_________5. If one node fails in a star network, only that node is affected. The other
nodes continue to operate normally.

>Internet >EFT >Star


>VAN >Bus >Ring

A network is a collection of computers and devices connected together so that


they can exchange information (like email messages and documents) or share
resources (like disk storage and printers).
Many home and business users create a network to facilitate
communications, share hardware, share data and information, share software and
transfer fund.
Electronic Fund Transfer is a standard that allows users connected to a
network exchange money from one account to another.
A value-added network (VAN) provider is a third-party business that provides
network services such as EDI services, secure data and information transfer,
storage, or email. A VAN is a closed network, which means only members of the
network can access the data. Typical provider of VANs includes the
telecommunication companies, industry groups and specialized service providers.
A network topology refers to the layout of the computers and devices in a
communication network. The three basic network topologies are star, bus and ring.
Most networks, including the internet, use the combinations of these basic
topologies.
DIRECTION: Read the following statement carefully. Write your answer in two to
three sentences each number.

1. What is the importance of knowing the basics of networking?


_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

2. Cite a situation in which you can apply the knowledge of the different topologies.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

DIRECTION: Read the following statement carefully. Choose the best answer by
encircling your answer.

1. It is a collection of computers and devices connected together so that they


can exchange information or share resources.
a. Internet c. Google
b. Facebook d. Network
2. On a __________ network, all of the computers and devices connects to a
central device.
a. Ring c. Bus
b. Star d. Mesh

3. A ______________ refers to the layout of the computers and devices in a


communication network.
a. Network Architecture c. Network Standards
b. Network Topology d. Network Protocols
4. Which of the following is not true about bus network?
a. All of the computers and devices connects to a central device.
b. It transmits data, instructions and information in both directions.
c. Computers and devices can be attached or detached at any point.
d. Failure of one device usually does not affect the rest.
5. It is a standard that allows users connected to a network exchange money
from one account to another.
a. VAN c. EFT
b. EDI d. LAN

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