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Antonio Vazquez
Audience
Some experience with computers is expected of readers of this book.
Some previous Linux experience is useful, if not absolutely
necessary. The only requirement, however, is the will to learn!
Conventions
The Code style attribute has been applied to file names, paths,
commands, and URLs.
Feedback
I would really appreciate your opinions, suggestions, questions, or
criticisms regarding this book. Please feel free to e-mail me at
antoniojvv@yahoo.es . Note, however, that I cannot promise to
respond to everyone.
Acknowledgments
I’d like to extend my gratitude to everybody at Apress, especially to
those with whom I’ve had the pleasure of working directly: Louise
Corrigan and Nancy Chen. I would also like to thank the technical
reviewer, Massimo Nardone. They all helped me a lot.
Of course, I can’t forget my wife, who is also my biggest fan and
always offers me her support and patience.
Contents
Chapter 1:Installation
1.1.CentOS 6
1.2.CentOS 7
2.1.Basic Commands
2.1.2.Creating Users
2.2.1.vi
2.2.2.nano
2.2.3.gedit
2.2.4.cat
2.2.5.grep
2.2.6.more
2.2.7.less
2.2.8.head
2.2.9.tail
2.3.Redirecting Output
2.4.Installing Software
2.4.3.yum Options
2.5.Graphical Environment
2.5.1.CentOS 6
2.5.2.CentOS 7
2.6.1.chmod
2.6.2.tee
2.6.3.rm
2.6.4.ps
2.7.SELinux
Chapter 3:Networking
3.1.IPv4
3.1.1.Special Addresses
3.2.IPv6
3.3.Networking Tools
3.3.1.netstat
3.3.2.lsof
3.3.3.nmap
3.3.4.ping
3.3.5.ping6
Chapter 4:DNS
4.1.DNS Service
4.4.Client Configuration
4.7.Chroot
4.8.Diagnostic Tools
4.8.1.rndc
4.8.2.dig
4.8.3.host
4.9.Troubleshooting
4.9.1.A Computer Can’t Resolve Names
4.10.Log Files
Chapter 5:DHCP
5.1.1.DHCPv4
5.1.2.DHCPv6
5.3.1.Use of Keys
6.1.Telnet
6.2.ssh
6.2.1.X11 Forwarding
6.2.2.File Transfer
6.3.VNC
Chapter 7:Web Server
7.2.Name Resolution
7.4.Virtual Hosts
7.5.Restrict Access
7.5.1.Host-Based Security
7.5.2.User-Based Security
7.6.PHP Support
7.7.HTTPS
8.5.Secure FTP
8.5.1.Generating the Certificate
9.4.Routing Mails
9.5.1.POP3
9.5.2.IMAP
9.6.SMTP Authentication
9.7.Secure Connections
9.7.2.IMAPS
9.7.3.POP3S
9.8.Spam
9.9.Webmail
Chapter 10:Firewalls
10.1.Firewall in CentOS 6
10.1.1.Saving and Restoring the Configuration
10.1.2.Port Redirection
10.1.4.Logging Packets
10.2.Firewall in CentOS 7
10.2.2.Port Forwarding
Chapter 11:OpenLDAP
11.1.Installing OpenLDAP
11.2.1.Modifying Objects
11.2.2.Adding Objects
11.2.3.Deleting Objects
11.3.1.Creating a CA
11.5.PHPLDAPAdmin
11.6.Troubleshooting
Index
Contents at a Glance
About the Author
Acknowledgements
Introduction
Chapter 1:Installation
Chapter 3:Networking
Chapter 4:DNS
Chapter 5:DHCP
Chapter 10:Firewalls
Chapter 11:OpenLDAP
Index
About the Author and About the
Technical Reviewer
About the Author
Antonio Vazquez
is an IT professional who has been working
with Linux for more than a decade. He
studied computer engineering at university in
Spain, and he currently holds many IT
certifications from the main vendors in the
industry. At present, he works for a public
institution and is in charge of almost a
thousand Linux servers spread across the
country, providing web services, FTP
services, file services, virtualization, and more.
1. Installation
Antonio Vazquez1
(1) Madrid, Madrid, Spain
1.1 CentOS 6
As it usually happens, there is more than one way to install CentOS
on a computer. So, depending on the way we initially boot the server
and the source of the installation packages, we have many options.
We can boot and install the system from a DVD. This is probably
the most straightforward option, and the right choice if you only
have to install a couple of servers. We boot the server from the
DVD, and we install all the software from the DVD too.
We can also use a CentOS Network netinstall DVD to boot the
server and then install the packages from a server in our local
network or from the Internet. This is a good choice if we have
to install a lot of servers.
We could also use a USB device to boot the server. In this case,
we first prepare the USB device by using software packages
such as UNetbootin,1 and we also have to download the CentOS
installation files. Once the USB device is ready, we can use it to
boot the server and then choose whether to install from a local
or a network repository.
In addition, independent of the type of installation we choose,
we can also automate the installation by using kickstart. The use of
kickstart is beyond the scope of this book, but it basically consists of
passing a special parameter to the installer with the location of a
script file that contains instructions for the installation.
Nevertheless, in order to keep things simple, in this book, we will
avail ourselves only of the typical DVD installation. The first thing
one must do is to get the installation DVDs. These can be
downloaded from the CentOS official site.2 At the time of writing this
book, the ISO files could be downloaded from the links available
from http://wiki.centos.org/Download .3 We can choose
the exact version we want to install, the architecture (32 or 64 bits),
and the type of installation (minimal, network, etc.). We will
download and burn the ISO files CentOS-6.2-i386-bin-
DVD1.iso and CentOS-6.2-i386-bin-DVD2.iso. Once we
have the DVDs, installation is fairly simple. We make sure that the
computer is configured to boot from a DVD, and we restart it with
the first installation DVD inside. After a few seconds, we’ll see the
screen in shown in Figure 1-1.
Figure 1-1. Booting from the installation DVD
We’ll select the first option, “Install or upgrade an existing
system.” This will launch the actual installation program. Now we are
offered the possibility of checking the installation media (Figure 1-2).
Once we are sure that there is no problem with the DVDs, we click
Skip.
Figure 1-2. Checking the installation media
Now the system will init the graphical installer (Figure 1-3).
Figure 1-3. The graphical installer
From the next screens, we’ll have to choose the language and
the keyboard layout (Figures 1-4 and 1-5).
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