Performing

Mensuration
and
Calculations
TLE-Computer System Servicing 7/8

Jan Vincent V Hagosojos, LPT

Pulo National High School
What I Need to
Know
The module is divided into four learning
outcomes:
 Learning Outcome 1 – Select Measuring Instruments
 Learning Outcome 2 – Carry Out Measurements and Calculations
 Learning Outcome 3 – Maintain Measuring Instruments

Content Standards
The learners demonstrate an understanding of concepts and underlying principles in performing
measurements and calculations.

Performance Standard
The learner shall be able to accurately measure and calculate based on a given task.
you perform even simple
calculation and
measurement. Although you
have computer skills, it
does not mean you must
depend all the
measurement and
calculation in computer.
There are cases that you
must do it manually to
Mensuration
is a process of measuring and determining the value, length, width,
thickness, weight, and area of a surface or an object.

Calculation
is also a deliberating process that transforms and calculate one or
more inputs into results and to determine mathematical in terms of
numbers and amount.
Types of components and
objects to be measured
1. Memory - is internal storage areas in the computer system. The term memory identifies data
storage that comes in the form of chips, and the word storage is used for memory that exists on
tapes or disks. It could be internal or external.

2. Data storage capacity - refers to how much disk space one or more storage devices provides. It
measures how much data a computer system may contain. For an example, a computer with a
500GB hard drive has a storage capacity of 500 gigabytes. A network server with four 1TB
drives, has a storage capacity of 4 terabytes.

3. Processor - is an integrated electronic circuit that performs the calculations that run a
computer. A processor performs arithmetical, logical, input/output (I/O) and other basic
instructions that are passed from an operating system (OS).

4. Video card - is used to process images so they can be displayed on your monitor. A good video
card can make a big difference in the quality of your graphics, so this is particularly important if
you play games or work with photography and video.
 B. Digital Storage Units
of Measurement
Digital storage units are the ways computer data is expressed. They are
typically articulated using bytes and usually abbreviated in expression. The
table below shows the basic digital storage units, its symbol, and its
equivalent.
 A. Common Units
of Measurement
The common unit of measurement is used to measure the length, width,
and thickness of an object. In the computer context, these are used in
determining the size of a monitor, laptop, or tablet screen, the thickness,
and dimensions of devices.
 A. Common Units
of Measurement
The common unit of measurement is used to measure the length, width,
and thickness of an object. In the computer context, these are used in
determining the size of a monitor, laptop, or tablet screen, the thickness,
and dimensions of devices.
 Measuring Instruments

Calcula Ammet Multim Ohmme

tor er eter ter
A portable electronic Is an instrument that an instrument that an instrument that
device used to measure current. contain Ohmmeters, measure resistance
perform Voltmeters, basically ammeters
mathematical Ammeters and a that are connected to
calculations. variety of capabilities an internal battery,
to measure other with a suitable
quantities. resistance in series.
DIGITAL
REPRESENTATION
Within a computer, information is represented and stored in a digital binary format. The term
bit is an abbreviation of binary digit and represents the smallest piece of data. It’s also the
most common unit of digital data storage. Humans interpret words and pictures; computers
interpret only patterns of bits.

A bit can have only two possible values, a one digit (1) or a zero digit (0). A bit can be used to
represent the state of something that has two states. For example, a light switch can be
either On or Off; in binary representation, these states would correspond to 1 and 0,
respectively. To increase the size of information stored, bits are grouped into a pack of eight,
which equals a byte. This measurement process continues exponentially (1 bit = 8 bytes, 1
kilobyte = 1,024 bytes, etc.). Codes can be used to represent almost any type of information
digitally: computer data, graphics, photos, voice, video, and music.
Computers use binary codes to represent and interpret letters, numbers and special
characters with bits. A commonly used code is the American Standard Code for Information
Capital letter: A = 01000001
Interchange (ASCII). With ASCII, each character is represented by a string of bits. For example:
Number: 9 = 00001001
Special character: # =
00100011
DECIMAL TO BINARY
CONVERSION
To convert a decimal number to binary, all you have to do is divide the number by 2. Get the
quotient and the remainder. Bring down the quotient, divide it by 2, and get the quotient and
remainder again. Do it repeatedly until the quotient results to 0. Copy the remainder from
bottom to top, and that is the binary equivalent.

Example: 19
QUOTIENT Checking:
Remainder 10011
19/2 9 1
9/2 4 1multiplier
4/2 2 0
2/2 1 0 16 8 4 2 1
1/2 0 1
equivalents
19 = 10011 16 0 0 2 1 results
Given: (equivalents) 16 + 2 + 1 = 19
64 32 16 8 4 2 1
 Calculating Data
Storage
While a bit is the smallest representation of data, the most basic unit of digital storage is the byte. A byte is 8
bits and is the smallest unit of measure (UOM) used to represent data storage capacity.

One kilobyte is a little more than one thousand bytes, specifically 1,024. A megabyte represents more than a
million bytes or 1,048,576. A gigabyte is 1,073,741,824 bytes. A terabyte is 1,099,511,627,776. The exact
number is gained by taking 2^n power. When referring to storage space, we use the terms bytes (B), kilobytes
(KB), megabytes (MB), gigabytes (GB), and terabytes (TB).
In general, when something is represented digitally, the greater the detail, the greater the number of
bits needed to represent it. A low-resolution picture from a digital camera will use around 360KB, and a
high-resolution picture could use 2 MB or more.

Kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, and terabytes are typically used to measure the size or storage
capacity of a device. Examples of components and devices that use byte storage include: random
access memory (RAM), hard disk drive space, CDs, DVDs, and MP3 players.

CDs have a data storage capacity of approximately 700 MB. DVDs have a data storage capacity of
approximately 4.3 GB on a single-layer disc, and approximately 8.5 GB on a dual-layer disc. BDs have a
storage capacity of 25 GB on a single-layer disc, and 50 GB on a dual-layer disc.

Once we know the size of a file or folder, it is possible to determine the number of bytes being used.
For example:
A file is 20 KB in size
1 KB = 1,024 Bytes
20 * 1,024 = 20,480 bytes in a 20 KB file

If a 20 KB file is stored in a 1 MB folder (1 MB = 1,048,576 bytes of space); then

approximately a total of 51 files can be stored in that folder (1,048,576 / 20,480 = 51.2).
 Let’s do some
exercises
Solution: 8 GB x 1024 𝑀𝐵 = 8192
1. If a flash drive has 8 Gigabytes capacity, how does it represent in Megabytes?
Remember: 1 Gigabyte = 1000 Megabyte

1 𝐺𝐵
MB

2. In a hard drive has 3 terabytes capacity, what is the equivalent value in

Solution: 3 TB x 1024 𝐺𝐵 = 3072

gigabytes?

1 𝑇𝐵
GB

3. There is 1 DVD item has a value of 25 Megabytes, how many kilobytes in 1

Solution: 25 MB x 1024 𝐾𝐵 =
DVD?

1 𝑀𝐵
25600 KB
on how to
maintain
measuring
instruments
1. Keep it clean always.
2. Use appropriate measuring
instruments for a right job.
3. Store in a dry and cool place.
4. Maintain functionality for accurate
measurements.
5. Fix all parts or other components
Think
BIG
Be
Big.