7

Technology and
Livelihood Education
COMPUTER SYSTEM SERVICING
Quarter 1-Module 3
PERFORMING MENSURATION
AND CALCULATION

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

 7
Technology and
Livelihood Education
COMPUTER SYSTEM SERVICING
Quarter 1-Module 3
PERFORMING MENSURATION
AND CALCULATION

This instructional material is collaboratively developed and reviewed by

educators from public schools. We encourage teachers and other education
stakeholders to email their feedback, comments, and recommendations to the
Department of Education – Region 10 at region10@deped.gov.ph.

Your feedback and recommendations are highly valued.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

 What I Need to Know

This module is designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you measure different storage device applying the four (4) basic mathematical
operation and carry out mensuration and calculation. The scope of this module
permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used
recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged
to follow the standard sequence of the course.

After going through this module, you are expected to perform calculation
needed to complete task using the four mathematical fundamental operations addition
(+), subtraction (-), multiplication (x), and division (÷). (TLE_IACSS9-12PMC-IIb-d-11)

Specifically, you will:

1. Identify objects/s or components to be measured.

2. Convert Decimal to Binary.
3. Compute the actual storage capacity of a Hard disk, Memory, Compact
Disk, USB Flash Drive, SD Card, and the actual speed of a Processor.
4. Apply different techniques in checking the conversion from Decimal to
Binary, and the computation of the ideal storage capacity and speed.
5. Maintain measuring Instruments.

What I Know
Multiple Choice
Direction: Read the sentences carefully then choose the letter of the best
answer. Write the chosen letter on your TLE-CSS Activity note.
1. A measuring instrument that use moving pointer to display
rating.
a. Cable Tester b. Loopback Adapter
b. Logic probe d. Analog Multi-tester
2. A measuring instrument that indicates high digital and low
digital state.
a. Logic Probe b. Multi-tester
c. Digital tester d. Cable Tester
3. . Use digital display to display rating
a. Multi-tester b. Logic Probe
c. Cable Tester d. Digital Tester
4. Verify the electrical connections in a signal cable or other wired
assembly.
a. Digital Tester b. Analog Tester
c. Cable Tester d. Loopback Adapter
5. Primarily a means of testing / measuring he communications
infrastructure.
a. Cable Tester b. Loopback Adapter
c. Digital Tester d. Logic probe
6. The primary language for computers that is made up of only
two numbers: 0 and 1.
a. Bit b. Byte
c. Binary d. Decimal
7. Abbreviation of binary digit.
a. Bit b. Byte
c. Binary d. Decimal
8. A unit of computer data consisting of 8 bits.
a. Bit b. Byte
b. Binary d. Decimal

9. The number system of 10 is _________.

a. Bit c. Binary
b. Byte d. Decimal
10. Binary prefix kilo is symbolized by _______.
a. K b. I
c. L d. O
11. The value of binary 10 in decimal is
a. 1 b. 2
c. 10 d. 01
12. Decimal number 9 in binary is
a. 00000001 b. 00000011
c. 00000101 d. 0000 1001
 13. A byte consists of ______ bit/s.
a. 1 b. 4
b. 8 d. 16
14. ____________ the measuring instrument is not necessary

15. You can put anywhere the __________________.

What’s In

On the previous module, you have defined and identified the different
components that need to be measured before we proceed installing or using
the storage devices.

Activity 1: Remember Me

Directions: Identify the following components. Write your answers on your TLE-
CSS Notebook.
1.

__________________________

2. __________________________

3. __________________________

4.
__________________________

5. _________________________
 Lesson
Select Measuring Instruments
1

What’s New

On the previous module, you have defined and identified the different
storage device.

Can you remember those components?

Do you still remember their definitions?

What is It
In this modules learning learn to identify the different measuring
instrument and its function in Computer System Servicing.

1. Do you have any idea what are those measuring instrument?

Measuring Instruments:

1. Multimeter (VOM) - A multimeter or a multitester, also known as a VOM,

is an electronic measuring instrument that combines several
measurement functions in one unit. A typical multimeter can measure
voltage (Volt), current (Ampere), and resistance (Ohm). Analog
multimeter use a micro ammeter with a moving pointer to display
readings.
Voltmeter - an instrument for measuring electric potential in volts.
Ex. 220 volts
Ohmmeter - an instrument for measuring electrical resistance.
Ex.20 Ohms
Milliameter - an instrument for measuring electric current in amperes.
Ex. 15 amperes
Types of Multi-meter or Multi-tester:

1. Analog Multi-meter or multi-tester

(VOM) - use a microammeter with a
moving pointer to display readings

www.google.com.wikipedia.org

Digital multimeters (DMM, DVOM) - have a numeric display,

and may also show a graphical bar representing the measured
value.

www.google.com.wikipedia.org

2. Cable Tester -
is an electronic device used to verify
the electrical connections in a signal
cable or other wired assembly.
Basic cable testers are continuity
testers that verify the existence of a
conductive path between ends of
the cable, and verify the correct
wiring of connectors on the cable
www.google.com.wikipedia.org

3. Loopback, or loop-back adapter -

refers to the routing of electronic
signals, digital data streams, or
flows of items back to their source
without intentional processing or
modification. This is primarily a means of testing / measuring the
communications infrastructure.

www.google.com.wikipedia.org
 4. Logic Probe - is a hand-held test probe used for analyzing and
troubleshooting the logical states (boolean 0 or 1) of a digital circuit.

Logic probe / Digital logic tester is able to detect lines that are at the
digital or logic high state. The logic probe will indicate this typically with
an LED which is often coloured red. Logic low: The logic probe also is
able to indicate a logic or digital low often coloured green.

www.google.com.wikipedia.org

What’s More

Activity 2.

Directions: Match the components in Column A with their description in Column

B.

COLUMN A COLUMB B

____ 1. Logic Probe A. Use moving pointer to display rating

____ 2. Cable Tester B. Indicates high digital and low digital state

____ 3. Analog Tester C. Use digital display to display rating

____ 4. Loopback adaptor D. Verify the electrical connections in a

signal cable or other wired assembly

____ 5. Digital Tester E. Primarily a means of testing / measuring

the communications infrastructure.

 Lesson
Carry Out Measurements and
2 Calculations

What is It

Definition of Terms

Binary – the primary language for computers that is made up of only two
numbers: 0 and 1 (Computer Hope, 2019).

Binary Prefix – used to represent the quantity in terms of byte or bit in

computing (SearchStorage, n.d.)
Decimal – a base 10 number system (Yadav, 2018)
Bit (b) – short for binary digit (Computer Hope, 2020), either 0 or 1.
Byte (B) – a unit of computer information consisting of eight (8) bits (Merriam-
Webster, n.d.)
Giga Hertz (GHz) – also known as clock rate or clock speed of the processor
(Computer Hope, 2018).

How to Read Binary

Binary is a base-2 number system, where the number two (2) is raised by an
exponent (n-1). The exponent is denoted by the digits’ place (n) and subtracted
by 1, wherein it increases as you move through each position starting from the
right going to the left.
For example, number 2 on the first position, so that is 2 raised by n-1, wherein
n=1.
2(n-1) = 2(1-1) = 20

Considering the given table below, the first position is the rightmost cell and the
leftmost position is the last cell.

Position
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
(n-1)
Exponent
27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20
2(Position)
Value 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
Note: The first place should be 1 but since it is (n-1) subtracted by 1, it becomes
0.

The first value is equivalent to 1 because 20 is equal to 1.

Note: Any value with an exponent of 0 is always equal to 1.

The second value is 21 is 2 because it is just 2 itself multiplied by 1.

The third value is 4 because 22 = 2 x 2 = 4, 23 = 8 because 23 = 2 x 2 x 2 = 8,
and so on and so forth.

In binary system, 1 is equal to ON/TRUE and 0 is OFF/FALSE.

To read a binary number, get the turn - ON value/s only and sum it up, no need
to include the turned-OFF value/s. For example:

Value 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
ON/OFF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

0000 0001 = 1

Get the sum: 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 1 = 1

Or simply get the turn - ON value which is 1.

Multiple values example:

Value 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
ON/OFF 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1

0000 0101 = 5

The binary number 0000 0101 is equivalent to 5 because the turned-ON values
are: (ALWAYS START FROM THE RIGHT)

1 and 4

Then get the sum: 1 + 4 = 5

Number 5 and the “Value” in the tables are examples of decimal numbers, the
number system that we have known since we learned how to count numbers.

For us humans, but for computers,

1 0000 0001
+ 2 + 0000 0010
---------------------------- ------------------------------------------------

3 0000 0011
Note: Each group of eight bits is known as a byte.
8 bits = 1 byte
That is how the computer represented the letters and numbers, and all
the data that you can see in the computer like images and videos.
Decimal to Binary Conversion
Rule: If the fraction is = ½ or .5, it is equivalent to 1.
In converting a decimal number to binary, all you have to do is:
1. Divide the number by 2.
2. Write the quotient and multiply the remainder by 2.
3. Divide the remainder by 2.
4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 until you get a quotient of 0.
5. Read the values of the remainder from the bottom to top. Write the
values to get the binary value of the decimal number.

Example:

Convert 19 to binary

Decimal number / 2 Quotient Remainder

19 / 2 9 1
9/2 4 1
4/2 2 0
2/2 1 0
1/2 0 1
19 = 10011
Note: A byte has 8 binary digits. Add 0s from the left to complete the 8
digits. The final answer is 19 = 00010011.

For a more detailed discussion, watch this video through this link: ________
Checking:
There are two ways to check if the conversion is accurate.
Method 1: Binary Table
1. Create a binary table.
2. Input the binary value into the table properly. Each digit should be
entered on the correct column starting from right to the left.

Decimal 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
Binary
0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1
State

3. Then add the decimal values with 1.

16 + 2 + 1 = 19

Method 2: Binary to Decimal Conversion

1. Multiply the bits with its corresponding value.
Note: Always start from the right.
2. Get the sum.
(1 x 1) + (1 x 2) + (0 x 4) + (0 x 8) + (1 x 16) + (0 x 32) + (0 x 64) + (0 x 128)
1 + 2 + 0 + 0 + 16 + 0 + 0 + 0
= 19
Therefore: 19 = 0001 0011

Binary Prefixes
Also called as prefix multipliers consisting of a one-letter abbreviation and the
prefix it stands for.
Unit Symbol Power of 2 (bytes) VALUE in Bytes
Kilobyte KB 210 1,204
Megabyte MB 220 1,048,576
30
Gigabyte GB 2 1,073,741,824
Terabyte TB 240 1,009,511,627,776
For example:
1 kilobyte = 210 bytes
210 bytes = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 bytes
210 bytes = 1,024 bytes

Therefore: 1 KB = 1,024 bytes

If you have noticed, a 1 KB is not an exact 1,000 bytes but actually its 1,024
bytes because the computer uses binary code in translating capacity and
speed. So, if you have a hard disk with a capacity of 500 GB, its actual size is
536,870,912,000 bytes, and not 500,000,000,000 bytes.
On the contrary, you cannot view a 1 KB file as an actual 1,024 bytes in your
computer because it’s just how Windows represented it. There are a lot of
factors involved in it and it will not be tackled in this lesson.

The presented capacity of a file or component when viewing in your computer

is dependent on the OS and the manufacturer. What you have learned here is
the actual values in computing and is how computers are being engineered in
terms of capacity and speed.

Data Storage Capacity Calculation

In a storage device, you need to know its capacity as well as how much space
is used and free.
For example, you have an 8 GB flash drive. You want to copy a file with a size
of 1 GB and your flash drive’s free space is 2 GB. How much free space will be
left after you copied that file to your flash drive?

Computation:
Let FSAC = free space of flash drive after copying
FS = 1 GB (size of the file you want to copy)
FSBC = 2 GB (free space of flash drive before copying)
FSAC = FS – FSBC
FSAC = 2 GB – 1 GB
FSAC = 1 GB
Therefore, there will be only 1 GB of free space in your flash drive after copying
the file.
Checking:
Use the equation FSAC = FS – FSBC:
FSAC = FS – FSBC
1 GB = 2 GB – 1 GB
1 GB = 1 GB
Therefore, your computation is correct!
 What’s More

Activity 3: Word Bank

Directions: Choose the word from the bank that is being defined in each item.
Write your answers on your TLE-CSS Notebook.

1. A base 2 number system that is made up of only two numbers:

0 and 1.
2. It a binary prefix that denotes a million.
3. The base-10 number system.
4. Data storage capacity that composed of eight (8) bits.
5. A clock speed of a processor.

Bank
Decimal Binary Giga gigabyte
Byte Bit Mega gigahertz

Did you find the exact words in the Word Bank activity?
Are the words new to you?
Don’t worry, those words will be tackled in this lesson.

Lesson
Maintain Measuring
3 Instruments

What is Itn

In this module you will learn how to maintain measuring instruments by

applying the most commonly used maintenance procedures in able to prolong
the life span of the measuring instruments.

MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES:
1. Measuring instruments are not dropped to avoid damage.

2. Measuring instruments are cleaned before and after using.

3. Regularly check parts and batteries.

4. Proper storage of instruments is undertaken according to the

manufacturer’s specification and standard operating procedure.

5. Always observed Occupational Health and Safety procedures (OHSP).

 What’s More

Activity 4. Maintenance
Directions: Write TRUE is the statement is correct and write FALSE if it is
wrong. Write your answer in your TLE-CSS notebook.

1. Cleaning the measuring instrument is not necessary. _______

2. Safe precaution are always observed. _________
3. Inspection of the measuring instruments must be done
regularly.________
4. You can put anywhere the measuring instrument. _________
5. Manufacturer’s specification must be observed. _________

What I Have Learned

Directions: Fill the blanks with a correct word to correctly complete each
sentence.

1. is the primary language that the computer

understands.

2. The symbol K denotes as a prefix.

3. The number system is base 10.

4. is equivalent to 8 bits.

5. Bit is an abbreviation of .
 What I Can Do
Activity 5: Binary Initial
Direction: Get the binary value of your first name initial. Write your answer in
your TLE-CSS Activity Notebook. Show your solutions and checking.

Ex. First name: Juan

First name initial: J
Convert: J = 01001010

Please refer to the table below.

Character Decimal Character Decimal

A 65 N 78
B 66 O 79
C 67 P 80
D 68 Q 81
E 69 R 82
F 70 S 83
G 71 T 84
H 72 U 85
I 73 V 86
J 74 W 87
K 75 X 88
L 76 Y 89
M 77 Z 90

Assessment

Multiple Choice

Direction: Read the sentences carefully then choose the letter of the best
answer. Write the chosen letter on your TLE-CSS Activity notebook.

1. A measuring instrument that use moving pointer to display

rating.
a. Cable Tester b. Loopback Adapter
c. Logic probe d. Analog Multi-tester
2. A measuring instrument that indicates high digital and low digital
state.
a. Logic Probe b. Multi-tester
c. Digital tester d. Cable Tester
 3. Use digital display to display rating.
a. Multi-tester b. Logic Probe
c. Cable Tester d. Digital Tester
4. Verify the electrical connections in a signal cable or other wired
assembly.
a. Digital Tester b. Analog Tester
c. Cable Tester d. Loopback Adapter
5. Primarily a means of testing / measuring he communications
infrastructure.
a. Cable Tester b. Loopback Adapter
c. Digital Tester d. Logic probe
6. The primary language for computers that is made up of only two
numbers: 0 and 1.
a. Bit b. Byte
c. Binary d. Decimal
7. Abbreviation of binary digit.
a. Bit b. Byte
c. Binary d. Decimal
8. A unit of computer data consisting of 8 bits.
a. Bit b. Byte
c. Binary d. Decimal
9. The number system of 10 is _________.
a. Bit c. Binary
b. Byte d. Decimal
10. Binary prefix kilo is symbolized by _______.
a. K b. I
b. c. L d. O
11. The value of binary 10 in decimal is
a. 1 b. 2
b. c. 10 d. 01
12. Decimal number 9 in binary is
a. 00000001 b. 00000011
b. c. 00000101 d. 0000 1001

13. A byte consists of ______ bit/s.

a. 1 b. 4
b. 8 d. 16
14. __________ the measuring instrument is not necessary.

15. You can put anywhere the _____________________.

Additional Activities

Activity 6: Check Me!

Directions: Write your answers on your TLE-CSS Activity Notebook. Show your
solutions with checking.
1. Convert the decimal number 10 to a binary digit.
2. Give the types of Multi-meter (VOM) and differential each
function
Instrument Activity 3 Activity 4 Assessment
1. Bit
15. Measuring
1. F 1. B
14. Cleaning
2. Mega 2. T
3. T 2. A
D 13.
3. Binary 4. F 3. A
B 12.
4. Byte 5. F
4. A
C 11.
5. Gigahert 5. B
D 10.
z 6. D
B 9.
7. A
B 8.
8. B
A 7.
9. B
D 6.
Activity 1 Activity 2
10. B
B 5.
1. Binary 1. A
11. C
A 4.
2. Mega 2. D
12. B
A 3.
3. Decimal 3. C
13. D
A 2.
4. Byte 4. B
14. Cleaning
B 1.
5. gigahertz 5. E
15. Measuring
What I Know
Instrument
Answer Key