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New css features
The document outlines new CSS features, focusing on CSS variables, web layout techniques, and CSS grid layout. It details how CSS variables work, including their declaration and usage, as well as the challenges of web layouts created by floating and flexbox methods. Furthermore, it introduces the grid layout terminology and the @supports rule for feature queries that allow for conditional CSS based on browser support.
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New css features
- 1.
- 2. Agenda NEW CSS FEATURES •CSS Variables • CSS Layout Case • CSS Grid • Feature Queries
- 3. CSS Variables NEW CSSFEATURES CSS variables are entities defined by CSS authors that contain specific values to be reused throughout a document.
- 4. CSS Variables NEW CSSFEATURES Declaring a variable: Using the variable: The Syntax element { --main-bg-color: brown; } element { background-color: var(--main-bg-color); } CSS variables are case-sensitive, and can not be empty. "Invalid at computed-value time" and will default to initial --foo:; is invalid --foo: ; is valid --foo ≠ --FOO element { --main-bg-color:42deg; background-color: var(--main-bg-color); } //(invalid) = initial = transparent
- 5. CSS Variables NEW CSSFEATURES CSS variables can be set with fallbacks if the variable is not set. CSS variables can not be concatenated. Cont. var(--color1, var(--color2, var(--color3, red))) // No version of this will work element { --height: 100; height : var(--height) + px; }
- 6. CSS Variables NEW CSSFEATURES Browser Support
- 7. NEW CSS FEATURES WebLayout
- 8. NEW CSS FEATURES WebLayout Web layouts re broken. We’ve just refined how we break them.
- 9. NEW CSS FEATURES WebLayout .container .main-content .sidebar
- 10. NEW CSS FEATURES WebLayout .wrap .main-content .sidebar .wrap { border: 2px solid red; } .main-content { background: blue; } .sidebar { background: green; }
- 11. NEW CSS FEATURES WebLayout .wrap .main-content .sidebar .wrap { border: 2px solid red; } .main-content { background: blue; width: 45%; float:left; } .sidebar { background: green; width: 45%; float:right; }
- 12. NEW CSS FEATURES WebLayout .wrap .main-content .sidebar .wrap { border: 2px solid red; } .main-content { background: blue; width: 45%; float:left; } .sidebar { background: green; width: 45%; float:right; } /*Clearfix*/ .wrap:after { content: ""; display: table; clear:both; }
- 13. NEW CSS FEATURES WebLayout .wrap .main-content .sidebar .wrap { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; border: 2px solid red; } .main-content { background: blue; width: 45%; } .sidebar { background: green; width: 45%; }
- 14. NEW CSS FEATURES WebLayout .wrap .main-content .sidebar .other-content
- 15. NEW CSS FEATURES WebLayout .wrap .main-content .sidebar .other-content .wrap { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; border: 2px solid red; } .container { width: 45%; } .main-content { background: blue; } .main-content { background: purple; } .sidebar { width: 45%; background: green; } .container
- 16. NEW CSS FEATURES WebLayout .wrap .main-content .sidebar .other-content .container This is hack. Float and flex force us to create HTML clutter in the form of wrappers like the .container Element in the example
- 17. NEW CSS FEATURES WebLayout <h1 class="page-title"></h1> </div class="container"> <main></main> <div class="sidebar"> <header></header> <section> <aside></aside> <footer></footer> </section> </div><!--sidebar--> </div><!--container-->
- 18. NEW CSS FEATURES WebLayout <header></header> <h1 class="page-title"></h1> <main></main> <aside></aside> <footer></footer> <h1 class="page-title"></h1> </div class="container"> <main></main> <div class="sidebar"> <header></header> <section> <aside></aside> <footer></footer> </section> </div><!--sidebar--> </div><!--container-->
- 19. NEW CSS FEATURES WebLayout Solution: Two-dimensional layout-in tool to separate content and presentation. Problem: Current tools for web layout are content-out and one-dimensional.
- 20. CSS Grid Layout Gridterminology • Grid container • Grid item • Grid line • Grid cell • Grid track • Grid area • Grid Gap NEW CSS FEATURES
- 21. NEW CSS FEATURES CSSGrid <header class="masthead"></header> <h1 class="page-title"></h1> <main class="main-content"></main> <aside class="sidebar"></aside> <footer class="footer"></footer> Grid container Element containing a grid, defined by setting display: grid; <div class="site"> </div><!--site-->
- 22. NEW CSS FEATURES CSSGrid <header class="masthead"></header> <h1 class="page-title"></h1> <main class="main-content"></main> <aside class="sidebar"></aside> <footer class="footer"></footer> Grid item Element that is a direct descendant of grid container. <div class="site"> </div><!--site--> <header class="masthead"></header>
- 23. NEW CSS FEATURES CSSGrid Grid line Horizontal (row) or vertical (column) line separating the grid into sections.
- 24. NEW CSS FEATURES CSSGrid Grid cell The space between two adjacent row and two adjacent column grid lines.
- 25. NEW CSS FEATURES CSSGrid Grid area The total space surrounded by four grid lines. A grid area may be comprised of any number of grid cells.
- 26. NEW CSS FEATURES CSSGrid Grid track The space between two adjacent grid lines.
- 27. NEW CSS FEATURES CSSGrid Grid gap • Empty space between grid tracks. • Commonly called gutters.
- 28. NEW CSS FEATURES CSSGrid Grid gap • Empty space between grid tracks. • Commonly called gutters.
- 29. NEW CSS FEATURES CSSGrid Demo
- 30. CSS Grid Layout •Browser Support NEW CSS FEATURES
- 31. Feature Queries :the @support rule NEW CSS FEATURES • The @supports CSS at-rule lets you specify declarations that depend on a browser's support for one or more specific CSS features. • This is called a feature query. • The rule may be placed at the top level of your code or nested inside any other conditional group at-rule. @support not ( display: flex ) { .block { display: table; } }
- 32. Feature Queries :the @support rule NEW CSS FEATURES Browser support
Editor's Notes
- #4 css variables, not to be confused with less and sass variables, completely different thing.
- #5 css variables are basically custom property that start with double dash. css property can only contain letters and dashes css variables are live..can be updated from anywhere…wether inline or js…
- #8 Framework to fix.. All framework take htm apply js and move html around the document. For accessibilty reason whole document is jumlbled that is not good. It means leaning on external techn
- #9 Web layout the way we have been doing since beginning of web time has always been broken. Al we have doing is entire hack to refine how we break the layout. So we started with table frame layer float and clear then flex..all wat we have doing is
- #10 Consider this super simple example
- #11 If u look at markup…
- #12 -
- #17 -This is bunch of extra stuff just to do our thing.