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Computer networks allow for sharing of files, printers, and internet access between connected computers. Common network devices include routers, bridges, brouters, hubs, switches, and gateways. Routers connect logical networks and allow access to the internet. Bridges connect networks to share resources. Hubs and switches connect devices but switches improve efficiency by sending data only to the intended recipient device. Networks can be configured in different topologies like bus, ring, or star depending on how the devices are physically connected. Logical topologies determine how devices access the shared media for transmitting data and include token ring and CSMA/CD protocols.

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Trisha Concepcion
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155 views

CSS Reviewer For Quiz

Computer networks allow for sharing of files, printers, and internet access between connected computers. Common network devices include routers, bridges, brouters, hubs, switches, and gateways. Routers connect logical networks and allow access to the internet. Bridges connect networks to share resources. Hubs and switches connect devices but switches improve efficiency by sending data only to the intended recipient device. Networks can be configured in different topologies like bus, ring, or star depending on how the devices are physically connected. Logical topologies determine how devices access the shared media for transmitting data and include token ring and CSMA/CD protocols.

Uploaded by

Trisha Concepcion
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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C.S.S.

(REVIEWER) *Components
COMPUTER NETWORKING FUNDAMENTALS - are used to connect the host computer and other
devices together so that they can share files or
*Computer Network peripherals like printers and other output devices
- is a set or collection of computers that are connected
for the purpose of sharing information, resources, and *Established vendors of network devices:
devices - Cisco, D-Link, Linksys, Baynet, RealTek, 3Com,
NetGear, Intel, Nortel, and Lucent
What are the Uses of Computer Networks?
a. File Sharing – is one of the main uses of computer Network Devices
networks; You can access, modify, and share files 1. Routers
without having to use flash drives or secondary storage - are used to lengthen the section’s network by
devices. transmitting packets between logical networks
- Routers are normally used in large networks that use
b. Sharing Printers and Other Peripherals – you can just the TCP/IP protocol and for connecting TCP/IP hosts and
send the data to the printer and get your work after it is LANs to the Internet using dedicated leased lines
done. available in the market

c. Sharing Internet Connection – internet sharing is now 2. Bridges


possible through wired and wireless networks; You can - these connect two networks that allow computers on
now have internet access depending on the both sides to access resources
configuration on the network device you are using - they can also be used to split large networks into
smaller sections
*Local Area Network (LAN)
- this is a type of computer network that spans a small 3. Brouters
area, building, or group of buildings - are used with networks that can use a bridge or a
- it is usually owned, managed, and controlled by a router, depending on existing protocols
single entity or organization
- it also has high bandwidth and speed for data 4. Hubs
transmission - are used to connect two or more devices
- they can also be combined to create bigger and wider
*Wide Area Network (WAN) networks
- is a type of computer network that spans a larger area, - regardless of the destination, they direct data packets
such as an entire region, state, or even country or segments to all devices connected to the hub
- A great example of WAN is the Internet
- WAN is not owned by any entity, it is of collective or *The star topology is the most common formation in
distributed ownership and management computer networks
- it has smaller bandwidth and less speed for data *The most common hubs interconnect Cat-3 or Cat-5
transmissions than LAN twisted pair cables with RJ-45 ends

Other Network Types 5. Modem


 Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) - is a device that processes digital signals to analog for
 Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) transmission over a telephone network system
 Campus Area Network (CAN)
 Storage Area Network (SAN) 6. Switches
 Personal Area Network (PAN) - is also called switching hub, bridging hub, and MAC
bridge
NETWORK DEVICES AND MEDIA - is a special type of hub that connects devices over a
computer network through “packet” switching to
*Network Devices receive, process, and forward data to the destination
- are units that arbitrate the transfer of data in a device
computer network and are usually called
communication devices
- Data is forwarded by a switch to only one recipient access the media; A host needs to wait for the token
device instead of broadcasting the same data to before it can send data
multiple devices that can cause delay of data transfer
2. Non-Deterministic Topology – it implements a
7. Gateways Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection
- is used to connect networks through different (CSMA/CD) protocol; CSMA/CD details are specified in
protocols IEEE 802.3. (IEEE – Institute of Electrical and Electronics
- a gateway functions with the network layer of the OSI Engineers)
model
- for a gateway to allow communication with a host on
another network, an Internet Protocol (IP) address must
be set with a destination path

NETWORK PLANNING, DESIGN, AND TOPOLOGIES


*Network Topologies
- refer to the structure of a network over which devices
are connected

a. PHYSICAL TOPOLOGY
- this refers to the physical structure of a network, like
how the wires are connected to different computers in
a network
- it is the actual layout of wires or media

Examples of Physical Topologies


1. Bus – the stations are connected by a single
communication line; if the destination of a message
does not match its station address, the station scraps
the information and returns it to the bus; if there’s a
match, the information is duly transmitted and
processed

2. Ring – each station is linked to a neighboring station


using point-to-point connections that form a physical
ring configuration, wherein data travels in any direction;
A cable break or failure in a node can isolate the
computers in the ring

3. Star – workstations are directly connected to a


central station, with each station passing information to
the central controller, which then forwards the
information to the destination; Communication in a star
topology is dependent on the central station

b. LOGICAL TOPOLOGY
- this refers to the methods by which media is accessed
for data transmission

Examples of Logical Topologies


1. Deterministic Topology – it implements a token ring
protocol for deterministic media access; this topology
uses a token, a special bit pattern that is passed through
a network such that the host with the token is able to

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