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Saturday, January 22, 2011 #1

Join Date: Sep 2010

shahidirfan Posts: 5
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Repeated Question of Political Science

PAPER - II

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

1. The American Senate is like "the saucer in which the boiling tea of the House is cooled".
Elucidate and make a comparison with the Senate of Pakistan under the 1973 Constitution.
(2000)

2. Power corrupts and absolute power corrupts absolutely’. Through what mechanism this has
been prevented in the American Constitution? (2001)

3. The most prominent feature of American Political System is its mechanism of “Checks and
Balances”. Discuss its functioning. (2002)

4. Examine critically the power of the President in the US Constitution. (2003)

5. Write down the election of the American President. (2004)

6. Examine the role of Supreme Court in the evolution of the American Constitution. (2005)

7. How system of check and Balances works in American government? Explain its functioning.

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(2006)

8. Analyze the place of President occupies in the U.S political system today. Account for his
supremacy in the Government. (2007)

9. How was George.W.Bush elected as president of U.S.A in 2004? Explain the role of the U.S
President as executive head of the state. (2008)

10. Discuss in detail the legislative the legislative powers of the USA President. (2012)

11. Discuss the powers of senate of usa. Also analyse (2012)

12. What is judicial review? Discus its impact on usa decision making process. (2012)

13. American Senate is "the saucer in which the boiling tea of the House is cooled".Elucidate.
(2013)

14. Discuss the powers and functions of US Senate. Also explain the concept of Senatorial
Courtesy.(2014)

15. Short Note - Gerrymandering (2014)

UNITED KINGDOM
1. The British Prime Minister is the "shining moon among the stars". Discuss. (2000)

2. Magna Carta. (2000)

3. The Cabinet is the "steering wheel of the ship of the state. It sets the direction of national
policy in U.K." Examine. (2000)

4. Ministerial Responsibility is the cardinal principle of British democracy. Elaborate. (2001)

5. Do you agree that British Political System is known for the cabinet’s dictatorship? Give your
arguments for or against this idea. (2002)

6. Do you agree in cabinets dictatorship in UK has undermined the supremacy of the parliament?
Explain. (2006)

7. Examine the fundamental Principles of British Constitution. Also discuss the nature, Powers and
functions of the British Cabinet. (2005)

8. Discuss the position and powers of the British Prime Minister. How does
9. He compare with the American president? (2007)

10. Do you agree that sovereignty of the parliament is the dominant characteristic of British
Political System? Explain in detail the role of British parliament. (2008)

11. Explain how the British democracy is overshadowed by the cabinet dictatorship? (2010)

12. What are the principals on which British Cabinet is organized and functions. Also mention four
occasions of Cabinet change (2011)

13. Explain why kingship is not abolished in England?(2013)

14.Explain the evolution of British Monarchy with focus on gradual transfer of powers from the
Monarch to the Prime Minister. (2014)

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FRANCE

1. Analyze the powers of the French President. (2001)

2. French System of Government is a model of highly centralized political system. Discuss.

(2002)

3. The French politics is not as liberal as the Frenchmen claim. Discuss it in the light of the
working of the French Political System. (2004)

4. Discuss the Powers of the President of France under the Fifth Republic. (2005)

5. Describe the main features of the French political system. (2007)

6. Describe the salient features of the judicial system in France. How it differs from that of
Britain? (2008)

7. How local government functions in France? Discuss. (2009)

8. How is the French President elected? Give an objective analysis of the power enjoyed by the
President. (2010)

9. Enumerate the reason for downfall of Fourth French Republic and discuss salient features of
1958 Constitution. (2011)

10. Discuss the executive powers of the french president in detail. (2012)

11.

Analyze the role of political parties in the post 1958 political system of France.(2014)

SOVIET UNION
1. Examine the principle of Democratic centralism in the Soviet Union. (2001)

2. Examine critically the factors leading to the disintegration of Soviet Union. (2003)

3. What is Supreme Soviet? Discuss its powers and functions. (2009)

4. Examine the Powers of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of USSR. (2013)

5. Critically analyze the nature of federation in former USSR.(2014)

PAKISTAN
1. Eighth Amendment. (2000)

2. Discuss the’ achievements of the Quaid-e-Azam for the establishment of Pakistan. (2000)

3. Critically examine the Federal provisions of the Constitution of Pakistan. (2001)

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4. Discuss evolution of Federalism in Pakistan with reference to its constitutional and political
development from 1956 to date. (2002)

5. Examine the role of Sir Syed Ahmed Khan and Iqbal in promoting the growth of Muslim
nationalism in India. (2003)

6. Ayub Khan’s 1962 constitution was highly centralized and therefore ultimately responsible for
creating political turmoil in the country. Discuss. (2003)

7. What are the major factors in your opinion responsible for the success of democracy in India
and failure in Pakistan? (2003)

8. Write down variables by which political culture has not developed in Pakistan. (2004)

9. Fourteen points of Quaid e Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah (2005)

10. Discuss the problems presently being faced to the federation of Pakistan? (2006)

11. Make a survey of the role of Judiciary in Pakistan as the Guardian of the Constitution. (2007)

12. Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, Allam Iqbal and Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah were forced by
historical events to shift from their view of Hindu-Muslim Unity to Muslim Nationalism. Elaborate
(2008)

13. Role played by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan in the rise of Muslim Nationalism in the sub-continent.
(2009)

14. Compare and critically examine the following under 1956, 1962, and 1973 (Reinstated in
1985 with amendments) constitutions of Pakistan: (2009)

15. Role of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan as a reformer (2010)

16. Explain the factors that transformed Jinnah, the ambassador of Hindu Muslim Unity, into the
Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah of the Muslims. (2010)

17. “In spite of the provisions of provincial autonomy in the 1973 constitution there are Anti-
Centre feelings in the federating units.” Discuss this statement with special reference to
Balochistan and Sindh. (2010)

18.Factors responsible for evolution of Two Nation Theory. (2011)

19. Short Note -Supreme court of Pakistan (2012)

20 . Discuss 18th amendment of pakistan.do u find the principle of social justice in this
Amendment? (2012)

21. Discuss the Role of Quaid-i-Azam in creation of Pakistan. (2013)

22.Give comparative analysis of the Islamic provisions of 1956, 1962 and 1973 Constitutions of
Pakistan.(2013)

23. How Iqbal's wisdom helped in shaping the intellectual foundations of Pakistan?(2014)

CHINA

1. Communist Party of China. (2000)

2. Discuss the role of Communist Party in the Chinese politics. (2001)

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3. Explain the Commune System of Peoples Republic of China. How it played role in Socio-
economic development of the country? (2002)

4. What are the main characteristics of the Chinese Political System? (2005)

5. Deng’s concept of “one country two systems” in China’s political system has succeeded in
achieving Chinese National objectives. Substantiate your answer. (2007)

6. Discuss the organization and the role of the communist part in the Chinese political system.
(2008)

7. Cadres scheme in Chinese political system. (2009)

8. Discuss the salient features of the constitution of the Peoples Republic of China in comparison
with the constitution of former Soviet Union. (2010)

9.How political Parties are organized in China? Discuss the organization and function of Chinese
Communist party? (2011)

10. Short Note - National People's Congress of China(2013)

11.Short Note - Impact of Deng Xiaoping's reforms on China (2014)

IRAN
1. Islamic Revolution in Iran. (2000),(2001)

2. Do you agree that we can present Iran as an Ideal Islamic State of the modern age (2002)

3. Examine the role of Islamic Consultative Assembly in shaping politics in Iran. (2004)

4. Do you agree that we can present Iran as an ideal Islamic state of the modern age? (2005)

5. Explain the salient features of Iran's Political system? (2006)

6. Iranian Political System after the removal of the Shah of Iran (2010)

7. Basic Principles of Iranian Foreign Policy (2011)

8. Short Note- Role of "Leader" in the 1979 Constitution of Iran .(2013)

9. Short Note - Rahbar in Iran's Constitution.(2014)

INDIA
1. The President of India is "merely a figure head". Do you agree? Discuss. (2000)

2. Secularism in India. (2001)

3. Coalitional government has made Indian democracy fragile and crucial. Substantiate. (2004)

4. The President of India is ‘merely a figure head’. How far do you agree? (2005)

5. Why Indian democracy is stronger than any other country of the region? Explain the reason.
(2006)
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6. “The Indian Federation is rightly said to be a quasi-Federation having many elements of a

unitary state.” Discuss. (2007)

7. Explain the salient features of Indian political system. (2008)

8. “India is a Secular state” critically examine and comment. (2009)

9. The role of the President of India (2010)

10. Short Note -Lok Sabha (2012)

11. Short Note - "There is no such thing as Indian Secularism",Discuss.

(2013)

TURKEY

1. Discuss the role of Army in the Political system of Turkey. (2000)

2. Mustafa Kamal’s political philosophy provides stability and ideological foundations to the
Turkish Political System. Discuss it. (2002)

3. Critically evaluate role of political parties in Turkey. (2004)

4. How secure is the future of democracy both in Iran and Turkey after the 9/11 incident? (2003)

5. Role of Ataturk in building up modern Turkey (2005)

6. Discuss ideological foundations of Political System of Turkish Republic? (2006)

7. Discuss SIX principles of kamalism as the basis of Turkish political system. (2007)

8. Analyze the role of Mustafa Kamal Ata-Turk as the first President of Turkish Republic with
special reference to "six principles of kamalism" to modernize turkey on western pattern. (2008)

9. How political parties organize and function in accordance with Turkish constitution? Also enlist
five major parties with names of their founding fathers. (2009)

10. The predominance of the armed forces in the Turkish politics. (2010)

11. How Grand National Assembly in turkey is elected > Discus its Powers and Functions . (2011)

12.Discuss the salient features of 1982 Constitution of Turkey.(2013)

13. Elaborate the secular aspect of Turkish Constitution and objectively analyze its impact on
Turkish society.(2014)

COMPARE & CONTRAST

1. Examine the role of political parties both in UK and US in formulating public opinion on major
issues in foreign policy making. (2003)

2. Comparatively discuss the La\v-making process in the Parliament of Britain and Congress of
United States. (2004)

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3. Discuss the characteristics of the American Political Party System. How it differs from the
Britain? (2006)

4. Discuss committee system in American congress and point out its demerits. Also compare it
with British committee system. (2009)

5. “The Senate of USA is the most powerful upper house in the world.” Do you agree with the
statement? Explain your answer with reference to the upper houses of India and Pakistan.
(2010)

MISCELLANEOUS

1. Impact on the region of latest US President’s visit to India (2011)

2. What is provincial autonomy? Discuss its importance in true federation. (2012)

SHORT NOTES
1-Fundamental rights (2012)
2-social justice (2012)

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Saturday, January 22, 2011 #2

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Repeated Question of Political Science

PAPER - I

PLATO
1. Explain Plato’s Theory of Justice. How he tries to implement it through the Education System?
(2001)

2. Plato’s Communism was, is and will remain impracticable. Critically examine this statement.
(2003)

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3. Examine the main similarities and differences in the Political Ideas of Plato and Aristotle.
(2004)

4. Explain Plato's theory of Justice. How he tries to implement it through educational system?
(2006)

5. “Plato intended to build an institution for scientific study of politics and training of statesman"
elaborate (2008)

6. Discuss Plato’s contribution to the History of political thought. (2009)

7. Platonic and Aristotelian paradigms (2011)

8. Plato intended to build an institution for scientific study of politics and training of statesman."
elaborate. (2012)

9. Critically examine the concept of "Justice" by Plato.(2014)

ARISTOTLE
1. Show how Aristotle’s Organic Theory different from Plato’s Idealistic Theory of State. (2000)

2. Aristotle was a Realist and not an Idealist- explain w.r.t his theory of the Ends and functions of
the state. (2007)

3. Aristotle was great but not grateful student of Plato” Comment. (2010)

MACHIAVELLI
1. Machiavelli’s Prince. (2000)

2. Machiavelli enunciated the philosophy of art of the government for effective discipline and
stability in the state. Analyze and discuss the basis of his philosophy in detail. (2002)

3. Machiavelli enunciated the philosophy of Art of government for effective discipline and stability
in the satiate. Analyze and discuss the basis of this philosophy in detail? (2006)

4. “Is it correct to call Machiavelli citizen of all states and contemporary of all ages”? Argue.
(2010)

THOMS HOBBES
1. Hobbes and Bodin are said to be the proponents of the theory of Absolutism. Do you agree?
Give reasons. (2003)

2. "Life in state of nature was nasty, poor, brutish and short." (Hobbes) (2008)

3.Discuss Locke and Hobbes “ perspective on the “ state of Nature” (2011)

JOAN LOCKE

1. Right to revolt against the established government by Locke, if the former violates people’s
trust, is antithetic, in some respects, to the social contract theories of other philosophers. Analyze
the statement and explain in detail. (2000)

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2. Examine the nature of the contract expounded by Locke revolving in the establishment of the
Civil Society (2004)

3. Locke was the father of Modern Liberal Democracy-comment (2007)

4. The natural rights of men are right to live, liberty and property"(Locke) (2008)

ROUSSEAU
1. How General will of a Society formulated? Discuss in the light of Rousseau's interpretation, on
the conclusions, characteristics and criticism of the Theory of Genera! Will. (2004)

2. Compare the views of Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau on Social Contract and Sovereignty.
(2005)

3. Describe the basic features of Rousseau’s political philosophy. (2007)

4. Appreciation and criticism of Rousseau’s theory of General Will. (2009)

5. Short Note - Rousseau theory of general will (2012)

MONTESQUIEU

1. Montesquieu expounded his theory of separation of power to set forth the government
organization in order to safeguard the political liberty. Explain. (2002)

2. How Montesquieu classify government? Which form he considers to be the best? (2004)

3. Examine Montesquieu theory of separation of powers. Narrate those facts on which he has
been called the Aristotle of the Eighteenth Century (2002)

4. Theory of separation of Power (2006)

5. Examine Montesquieu theory of separation of powers. Why has he been called the Aristotle of
eighteenth century? Discuss. (2009)

6. Montesquieu with all his faults and irregularities is the father of modern historical research."
explain and discuss. (2012)

7. Examine Montesquieu's theory of separation of powers. Why he has been called "Aristotle" of
eighteen century? Discuss (2013)

HEGAL

1. It is said that Hegel’s dialectic theory was standing on its bead but Marx has reserved it.
Discuss this statement. (2001)

2. It is said that Hegel's dialectical theory was standing on its head but Marx has reserved it?
Discuss (2006)

JERMY BENTHAM

1. Bantam’s theory of Punishment. (2002), (2006)

2. "Nature has placed man under the governance of two sovereign masters, pain and pleasure. It

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is for them alone to point out, what we ought to do as well as to determine, what we shall do.....
We owe to them all our ideas; we refer to them all our judgments and all the determinations of
life". Bentham. Show how Bentham and J.S. Mill promoted pleasure-pain theory and under what
nomenclature. Had this theory any historical ROOT as well as EFFECT on the political conditions
obtaining in their homeland? (2000)

KARL MARX

1. Political Philosophy of Karl Marx (2004)

2. Marx’s historical materialism is the application of dialectical materialism to explain historical

events , processes and developments in society . Elaborate. (2011)

3.Short Note -views of marx on socialist revolution (2012)

4. Short Note -Marx's theory of Class Struggle (2013)

MUSLIM POLITICAL THINKERS

IMAM GHAZALI
1. Enlist the quantities of Al-Ghazali’s Amir and detail account of his daily routine (2002)

2. Al-Ghazali was the torch bearer of the Muslim Rationalistic Renaissance. Analyze the statement
in view of his status as a Mujaddid (2007)

3.Critically appreciate Al-Ghazali theory of Khalafat. (2011)

AL-MAWARDI

1. The Imamate is established to replace prophecy in the defence of faith and the administration
of the world". Elaborate this statement of Al-Mawardi with reference to his Theory of Jmarnate.
(2004)

2. “Al-Marwardi brought constitutional theory of Islam in line with political reality of his time.”
Discuss this with reference to his views on ‘Khlafat’ and Wizarate’. (2010)

ALLAM IQBAL

1. Explain Allama Iqbal’s Concept of Nationalism. Do you agree that it developed through a
lengthy process of evolution? (2001)

2. Dr.Iqbal's concept of Ego (Khudi) (2004)

3. Examine the contribution of Allama Iqbal as a Philosopher and as a supporter of Muslim unity.
(2007)

4. Iqbal’s views on Ijtehad (2010)

5. Write note on : Iqbal concept of Millat (2011)

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6.Discuss the Allam Iqbal's concept of "Khudi" (2013)

7. Compare the concept of Millat and Territorial Nationalism by Iqbal.(2014)

IBN-KHULDUN

1. Ibn-Khuldun’s stage in the development of the state. (2002)

2. "Ibn-e-Khaledun is called the Father of Political Economy”. Discuss his views on Political
Economy. (2005)

3. Discuss the place of Ibn-e-Khuldun in the history of Political Philosophy? (2006)

4. How far is it true to say that Ibn-e-Khaldun perhaps was the first philosopher to realize the
relevant importance of economics to politics? Argue. (2008)

5.Ibn-e-khaldun perhaps was the first philosopher to realize the relevant importance of economics
to politics. Discuss. (2012)

6. Short Note - Ibne Khaldun's concept of Asbiyah (2013)

FARABI

1. Farabi was in the truest sense, "the parent of all subsequent Arabic philosophers", so that its
only natural that he is regarded by the Muslims as the ‘Mu’allim’-o--thani., the second Preceptor,
the first being Aristotle. Explain.(2000)

2. “Farabi was much inspired by Plato in his setting of the Ideal City, or the Model State.” Discuss
(2001)

3. Al – Farabi must be placed among the proponents of the Theory of Social Contract.” In the light
of this statement. (2003)

4. AI-Farabi Concept of State (2004)

5. Ideal State of Al-Farabi (2010)

6.Short Note - Al-farabi theory of state (2012)

7. Discuss in detail the concept of "Raisul Awwal" by Al-Farabi.(2014)

ISLAMIC STATE
1. Keeping in view the concept of Shura in Islam, which system of government you suggest for an
Islamic State – Presidential, Parliamentary or any other? Explain you answer in detail, especially
with reference to the practical problems. (2001)

2. An Ideal Islamic State is bound to bring revolutionary changes in all spheres of human life.”
Discuss (2010)

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3. Elaborate the characteristics of Islamic State. Give proper references from the Holy Quran and
Sunnah. (2003)

DEVOLUTION OF POWER PLAN 2000

4. Write a critical note on “Devolution of Power Plan 2000”. Explain also its positive as well as
negative points as compared to the previous system of local government in Pakistan. (2001)

MILITARY INTERVENTIONS IN POLITICS

5. Explain the general reasons of military interventions in politics in the developing countries of
the world. What precautionary measures you suggest to avoid such situation. (2001)

6. In what circumstances might a democratic country turn to military dictatorship or totalitarian

rule? (2008)

COMMUNISM

7. Communism is inimical to democracy, freedom and actual rights.” Critically examine the
statement. (2003)
8. What are the salient features of communism? Briefly explain. (2003)

FASCISM

1. Discuss the principles of "Fascism" highlighting its historical background. (2004)

2. Fascism VS Platonism (2005)

3. Principles of Fascism. (2009)

LIBERALISM
1.Short Note - classical Liberalism(2012)

POLITICAL PARTIES

1. Give a brief account of historical evolution of Political Parties with reference to theories on the
origin of Parties. Also enumerates functions of Political Parties. (2005)

2. Political Parties (2003)

3. Discuss the importance of Political Parties in a Modern state and assess their role as effective
instrument of mobilizing Public Opinion. (2007)

4. Define political parties and their functions. In your view, which party system is suitable for
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Pakistan's political system? (2013)

FEDERATION

1. Differentiate between Federation and Alliance. (2002)

2. In all federations there is a manifest tendency to entrust the central governments with a wider
and wider sphere of authority.” Analyze the statement and discuss in detail. (2002)

3. What are the essential pre-requisites for successful Federal System? (2007)

4. Merits of Federation. (2009) (2013)

SOVEREIGNTY

1. "If a determinate human superior, not in the habit of obedience to a like superior, receives
habitual obedience from the bulk of given society,’ that determinate superior is sovereign in that
society and that society-(including the superior) is a society political and independent". Austin.
Critically examine the theory of sovereignty with reference to views expressed by thinkers in the
16th century. (2000)

2. Sovereignty is the most essential element of state hood-explain wrt the differences in the
nature of western and Islamic concepts of sovereignty. (2007)

3. Attributes of Sovereignty (2010)

RIGHTS & LIBERTY

1. Rights are conceived in different ways of various political philosophers. Critically examine the
most important theories of right. (2002)

2. Rights and duties are based on the principal of reciprocity? Explain. (2006)

3. Basic Rights. (2009)

4. Critically examine the most important theories of Rights as explained by different writers.
(Minimum three). (2005)

5. "Liberty is described as power to do or enjoy something that is worth doing or enjoying in

common with others." In the light of the above statement discuss the significance of liberty in the
contemporary societies. (2008)

6. Define and discuss Liberty and its safeguards. Enlist the causes of its decline in modern times
also. (2009)

7.Short Note - Right and duties are facets of the same coin. (2011)

8. Define and discuss Liberty and its safeguards. Enlist the causes of decline in modern times.
(2013)

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PRESSURE GROUPS

1. Pressure Groups (2003)

2. Discuss organization & functions of pressure groups. Point out indicators of its effectiveness
also. (2009)

FORMS OF GOVERNMENT

1. Compare and contrast between Democracy and Dictatorship (2003)

2. What are the powers and functions of an executive as a second great organ of the
Government? (2004)

3. Would you agree if it is stated that dictatorship is the only remedy for social, political and
economic instability in a developing country? (2010)

4. Examine in detail the principal advantages and disadvantages of parliamentary over

presidential form of government. (2008)

5. discus the principal advantages and disadvantages of parliamentary over presidential form of
govt. With special reference to Pakistan. (2012)

POLITICAL SCIENCE
1.Define political science. To what extent can one be systematic in a study of political process?
How " scientific" is political science? (2012)

POLITICAL SYSTEM AND CULTURE

1.What are the prerequisites for the success of democratic Political System? (2011)

2. Discuss "Democratic Political System". How can it bring even change in the society. (2014)

3. Discuss the "Political Culture". Also its importance.(2014)

MISCELLANEOUS

1.What are the reasons for the increased activity of the state in modern times? Do you subscribe
to the views that the failure of democracy in Pakistan is the consequence of misplaced priorities,
determined by its leaders on the basis of their self-interest and prejudices against their
opponents? (2000)

3. Unitarianism is the habitual exercise of supreme legislative authority by one central power.
Bring out basic features of this form of state, giving examples and show that the District
Devolution Plan, as an advanced form of local government, is not the initial step towards
formation of unitary type of state in the country. (2000)

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4.Write an essay on the structure and powers of the present local Government in Pakistan. Point
out its merits and demerits. (2003)

5.What are the agencies available for formation and expression of public opinion? Also discuss the
methods of influencing his opinion. (2004)

6. Discuss the three principles for constituting the Second Chamber in a bi-cameral Legislature.
(2005)

7. Explain the doctrine of Judicial Review. (2005)

8. What are the agencies available for the formation of and expression of public opinion? Also
discuss the methods of influencing public opinion. Can public opinion be regarded as the 5th
essential element of a modern democratic state? (2006)

9. Point out the problems and prospects of local –self Government in Pakistan. (2007)

10. State the grounds on which Mill advocated the freedom of individual's conduct. What
limitations did he apply to this freedom? (2008)

11. Discuss the theory of Kingship as propounded by Nizam-ul-Mulk Tusi. (2009)

12. 5. Write a comprehensive note on the power of judicial review and its limits in the context of
Pakistan (2011)

13.Critically analyse the Social Contract theory of Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau.(2013)

SHORT NOTES
1. Mao’s views on Individualism. (2009)

2. Delegation of Powers. (2009)

3. No. of seats in provincial Assemblies (2009)

4. Mode of Elections. (2009)

5. National Language. (2009)

6. Opinion Polls. (2010)

7. The nature and emergence of “nation state” (2011)

8. Independence of judiciary (2013)

9. Asabiya (2014)

10.Social Justice(2014)

11. Oligarchy(2014)

12. Liberty(2014)

13. Separation of Power(2014)

Last edited by Amna; Thursday, January 15, 2015 at 03:04 AM.

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